veev-20210131

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

____________________________________________________________________________________

FORM 10-K

____________________________________________________________________________________


(Mark One)
☒			ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number: 001-36121

___________________________________________________________________________________

Veeva Systems Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

____________________________________________________________________________________


Delaware						20-8235463
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(IRS Employer Identification No.)

4280 Hacienda Drive

Pleasanton, California, 94588

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) (925) 452-6500

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) N/A

____________________________________________________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A Common Stock,
par value $0.00001 per share

VEEV

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by a check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant on the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, which was July 31, 2020, based on the closing price of $264.57 for shares of the Registrant’s Class A common stock as reported by the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $36.0 billion. Shares of Class A common stock or Class B common stock held by each executive officer, director, and their affiliated holders have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

As of February 28, 2021, there were 137,447,441 shares of the Registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding and 14,776,223 shares of the Registrant’s Class B common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. The proxy statement will be filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s fiscal year ended January 31, 2021.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pursuant to Part IV, Item 16, a summary of Form 10-K content follows, including hyperlinked cross-references (in the EDGAR filing). This allows users to easily locate the corresponding items in this annual report on Form 10-K where the disclosure is fully presented. The summary does not include certain Part III information that will be incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed within 120 days after our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021.


Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements		1
PART I
Item 1.	Business	2
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	11
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	34
Item 2.	Properties	34
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	35
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	35
PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	35
Item 6.	Selected Consolidated Financial Data	37
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	38
	Overview	38
	Recent Development	39
	Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic	39
	Key Factors Affecting Our Performance	40
	Components of Results of Operations	41
	Results of Operations	44
	Operating Expenses and Operating Margin	46
	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	48
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	49
	Commitments	50
	Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements	51
	Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates	51
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	52
Item 8.	Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	53
	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	53
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	55
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	57
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	57
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	59
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	60
	Note 1. Summary of Business and Significant Accounting Policies	60
	Note 2. Acquisitions	65
	Note 3. Short-Term Investments	67
	Note 4. Deferred Costs	68
	Note 5. Property and Equipment, Net	68
	Note 6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets	69
	Note 7. Accrued Expenses	70
	Note 8. Fair Value Measurements	70
	Note 9. Income Taxes	72
	Note 10. Deferred Revenue, Performance Obligations, and Unbilled Accounts Receivable	74
	Note 11. Leases	75
	Note 12. Stockholders’ Equity	75


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	Note 13. Other Income	79
	Note 14. Net Income per Share	79
	Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies	80
	Note 16. Revenues by Product	83
	Note 1 7 . Information about Geographic Areas	83
	Note 1 8 . 401(k) Plan	83
	Note 19. Related-Parties Transactions	84
	Note 20 . Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)	84
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	84
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	84
Item 9B.	Other Information	85
PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	85
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	85
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management, and Related Stockholder Matters	85
Item 13.	C ertain Relationship s and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	85
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	86
PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	86
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	86

Exhibit Index		86
Signatures		90


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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that are based on our beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to us. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations and expenses, business strategies and plans, trends, market sizing, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, and product capabilities among other things. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and, in some cases, can be identified by terms such as “aim,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “goal,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “seeks,” “should,” “strive,” “will,” “would,” or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms.

Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors—including those described in “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and elsewhere in this report—that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Forward looking statements are based on our current views and expectations and are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those related to the impact of COVID-19 on our business, the life sciences industry, and global economic conditions. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Any forward-looking statements in this report are made only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

As used in this report, the terms “Veeva,” “Registrant,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” mean Veeva Systems Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates otherwise.


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PART I.

ITEM 1. BUSINESS.

Overview

Customer success is one of our core values, and our focus on it has allowed us to deepen and expand our strategic relationships with customers over time. Because of our industry focus, we have a unique, in-depth perspective into the needs and best practices of life sciences companies and clinical research sites. This allows us to develop targeted solutions, quickly adapt to regulatory changes, and incorporate highly relevant enhancements into our existing solutions at a rapid pace.

Our goal is to become the most strategic technology partner to the life sciences industry and achieve long-term leadership with our solutions that support the R&D and commercial functions of life sciences companies. Our commercial solutions help life sciences companies achieve better, more intelligent engagement with healthcare professionals and healthcare organizations across multiple communication channels, and plan and execute more effective media and marketing campaigns. Our R&D solutions for the clinical, regulatory, quality, and safety functions help life sciences companies streamline their end-to-end product development processes to increase operational efficiency and maintain regulatory compliance throughout the product life cycle. Our solutions for clinical research sites enable regulatory documents and trial information to be managed in a modern cloud solution that is intended to accelerate the clinical research process for the life sciences industry overall.

We also bring the benefits of our content and data management solutions to customers outside of life sciences in three regulated industries: consumer goods, chemicals, and cosmetics. We believe that the ability of our solutions to meet the demanding business and compliance requirements of life sciences companies translates well into these regulated industries. Our applications currently offered to companies outside of life sciences are designed to help customers efficiently manage critical regulated processes and content in a compliant way and to enable secure collaboration across internal and external stakeholders, including outsourcing partners and vendors.

On February 1, 2021, after approval by our stockholders, we became a Delaware public benefit corporation (PBC). A PBC is a for-profit company operating under subchapter XV of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (i) that has adopted a public benefit purpose intended to provide benefits beyond just stockholder financial returns, and (ii) whose directors have a fiduciary duty to balance the financial interests of stockholders, the best interests of other stakeholders materially affected by the company's conduct (which we believe includes customers, employees, partners, and the communities in which we operate), and the pursuit of the company's public benefit purpose. Our public benefit purpose, as reflected in our certificate of incorporation, is “to provide products and services that are intended to help make the industries we serve more productive, and to create high-quality employment opportunities in the communities in which we operate.” We believe that operating as a PBC reflects our core values—do the right thing, customer success, employee success, and speed—and helps us maintain alignment with the principal industry we serve, life sciences, and its broad goal to improve health and extend lives.

Executing in the Veeva Way

Fundamental to our business model is what we call The Veeva Way. The Veeva Way is key to our disciplined approach to achieve our goal of long-term leadership in each of the product markets we serve.

We start with a focus on addressing clear and correct target markets. Those are large product markets in which the problem being addressed by our solution is strategic to the businesses of our customers and in which we believe Veeva can become the leader over the long-term if we execute well. We embrace the concept of running to complexity, an approach in which we strive to solve the most important and challenging information technology problems our customers face. We also believe that addressing such problems has the potential for broader societal benefits, for instance, by making the therapeutic development process more efficient.


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We focus on delivering product excellence and innovation. Our product development process begins with assembling and investing in strong product teams focused on building deep, best-in-class software and data solutions for every product market we serve. Through innovative cloud technology, we also aim to eliminate legacy systems, manual processes, and application silos by delivering unified suites of applications and data that support end-to-end business processes.

We strive to forge strong relationships with our customers and focus on customer success. When we enter a new product market, we begin with a small number of early adopter customers. We focus on learning from these early adopters and ensuring that they are successful with our products. Once successful, our early adopters have developed into vocal advocates, enabling our reference selling model.

Finally, our goal is to drive strong growth and profitability through highly efficient, targeted sales and marketing, disciplined product planning, and profitable professional services. Our strong growth and profitability have allowed us to make ongoing investments for continued product innovation in our existing markets and provides us with the resources to invest in new market opportunities.

Our Industry Cloud Solutions for Life Sciences

Our industry cloud solutions for the life sciences industry are grouped into two key product areas—Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Vault—and are designed to address pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device companies’ most pressing strategic needs in their commercial and R&D operations.

Veeva Commercial Cloud

Veeva Commercial Cloud is a suite of software, data and analytics solutions built specifically for life sciences companies to more efficiently and effectively commercialize their products.

Veeva Commercial Cloud software applications include:

•Veeva CRM and Veeva Medical CRM enable customer-facing employees, such as life sciences sales representatives, key account managers, and scientific liaisons, to manage, track, and optimize interactions with healthcare professionals and healthcare organizations utilizing a single, integrated solution. With multichannel Veeva CRM, customers have an end-to-end solution for the planning and coordination of their teams across all key channels, including face-to-face, email, and virtual engagement. Veeva CRM supports the life science industry’s unique commercial business processes and regulatory compliance requirements with highly specialized functionality, such as prescription drug sample management with electronic signature capture, the management of complex affiliations between physicians and the organizations where they work, and the capture of medical inquiries from physicians.

•Veeva CRM MyInsights provides a data visualization tool that delivers tailored, actionable insights to life sciences sales representatives embedded directly in Veeva CRM.

•Veeva CRM Approved Email enables the management, delivery, and tracking of emails from life sciences sales representatives to healthcare professionals, while maintaining regulatory compliance.

•Veeva CRM Engage enables life sciences representatives to interact with healthcare professionals in online meetings. Engage is embedded in Veeva CRM for ease of use, regulatory compliance, and access to important industry-specific processes such as signature requests for samples or medical inquiries.

•Veeva Align enables life sciences companies to perform fast, accurate territory alignments. Through native integration with Veeva CRM, Veeva Align allows seamless field collaboration to increase accuracy and minimize manual effort.

•Veeva CLM provides capabilities for life sciences sales representatives to present digital marketing content on a mobile device, such as an iPad, during in-person interactions with healthcare professionals.

•Veeva CRM Events Management enables the planning, management, and execution of group meetings with healthcare professionals and helps life sciences companies track and manage spending in order to meet transparency reporting requirements. We also provide event support services in the United States for life sciences companies of all sizes through our Veeva Digital Events offerings, which consists, in part, of the acquired Physicians World business.


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•MyVeeva for Doctors is a digital platform to connect healthcare professionals with the life sciences industry. The MyVeeva for Doctors mobile application for healthcare professionals enables them to find the right people and resources from across the industry to better serve their patients.

Veeva Commercial Cloud data and analytics solutions include:

•Veeva OpenData provides healthcare professional and healthcare organization data that includes demographic information, license information and status, specialty information, affiliations, and other key data that is crucial to customer engagement and compliance. In the life sciences industry, this category of data is referred to as customer reference data or customer data. Veeva OpenData Explorer gives users the ability to access comprehensive customer reference data through a web-based portal. We also offer outsourced data stewardship services to our customers.

•Veeva Link provides real-time customer intelligence data on key scientific experts in oncology and is expected to expand to experts in additional therapeutic areas in 2021. Veeva Link associates thousands of global experts with millions of actions, including publications, clinical trials, events, and digital activities.

•Veeva Crossix provides pharmaceutical brands privacy-safe U.S. patient data and a best-in-class analytics platform to maximize media investments and drive greater marketing effectiveness. Patented Crossix SafeMine technology connects health data and non-health data, including consumer and media data, for U.S. patients in a privacy-safe manner. Crossix DIFA uses that data to enable real-time measurement and optimization of complex, cross-channel media campaigns aimed at patients and healthcare professionals.

•Veeva Data Cloud provides longitudinal U.S. patient data for both retail and specialty distribution channels for commercial use cases such as launch planning, patient segmentation, commercial analytics, artificial intelligence, territory design, and targeting. Veeva Data Cloud is powered by the Crossix Data Platform, privacy-safe processes, and an expanding health data set.

•Veeva Network Customer Master is an industry-specific, customer master software solution that de-duplicates, standardizes, and cleanses healthcare professional and healthcare organization data from multiple systems and data sources to arrive at a single, consolidated customer master record. Veeva Network Customer Master comes pre-configured with a data model that is specific to life sciences and supports global harmonization, as well as country, market, and regional data specifications, within a single system.

•Veeva Nitro is a data science and analytics platform that connects commercial data sources for actionable insights and agile decision making. With an industry-specific data model and standard data connectors, Nitro enables life sciences companies to more easily unify their most important data sources, such as prescription, sales, formulary, and claims data.

Veeva Vault

Veeva Vault is a unified suite of cloud-based, enterprise content and data management applications, all built on our proprietary Veeva Vault Platform. Our Veeva Vault applications address the content management requirements for our customers’ commercial functions, including sales and marketing and medical content and communications, and key R&D functions, including clinical, regulatory, quality, and safety.

Veeva Vault’s unique ability to handle content and data allows us to build content- and data-centric applications to help customers streamline end-to-end business processes and eliminate manual processes and siloed systems. Veeva Vault can be deployed one application at a time or as an integrated solution with multiple applications that enables our customers to unify and manage important documents and related data in a single, global system.

Our Veeva Vault applications for life sciences are organized into two product areas: Veeva Vault for Commercial Content Management and Veeva Development Cloud.


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Veeva Vault for Commercial Content Management

The high volume of digital interactions has increased pressure on the sales and marketing organizations of life sciences companies to deliver relevant, compliant content to healthcare professionals faster while maintaining strict regulatory compliance across channels and geographies. The Veeva Vault applications and capabilities primarily used by the commercial and medical departments of life sciences companies to manage commercial and medical content include:

•Veeva Vault PromoMats is an end-to-end content and digital asset management (DAM) solution through which life sciences companies can collaborate, review, distribute, and update commercial content and manage assets. Workflows within Vault PromoMats enable real-time collaboration, review, and approval of commercial content in a compliant way. Built-in DAM capabilities provide a globally-accessible repository for rich media content.

•Veeva Vault MedComms enables life sciences companies to streamline the creation, approval, and delivery of medical content and create and maintain a single, validated source of medical content across multiple channels and geographies. Integrated medical inquiry management allows medical affairs teams to centralize medical inquiries and content to deliver verbal and written communications to healthcare professionals and patients, including approved answers to questions received through a call center or company website.

Veeva Development Cloud

Veeva Development Cloud brings together application suites for the clinical, regulatory, quality, and safety functions of life sciences companies on the Veeva Vault Platform to enable companies to streamline product development life cycles and eliminate manual processes and siloed systems. These applications help life sciences companies achieve greater efficiency and agility in product development, while maintaining regulatory compliance. Our Veeva Development Cloud applications each have a unique data model based on shared content and data, deep functionality, and pre-defined workflows to support industry-specific processes.

The Veeva Development Cloud application suites are:

Veeva Vault Clinical

Veeva Vault Clinical combines electronic data capture (EDC), clinical trial management (CTMS), electronic trial master file (eTMF), and study start-up applications to unify clinical data management and clinical operations. Veeva also offers a solution to help clinical research sites seamlessly manage regulatory documents and trial information.

•Veeva Vault CDMS is a clinical data management solution that includes Veeva Vault EDC, Veeva Vault Coder, and Veeva Vault CDB. Vault CDMS combines coding, EDC, data cleaning, and reporting in a single integrated solution to manage studies and gain a complete view of all clinical data within a trial.

•Veeva Vault CTMS is a clinical trial management application that helps unify information and documentation for a “single source of truth” across sponsors, contract research organizations, and investigators to reduce complexity, increase transparency, and speed time to market.

•Veeva Vault eTMF is an electronic trial master file application that manages the repository of documents for active and archived clinical trials for improved inspection readiness, visibility, and control.

•Veeva Vault Payments is a complementary application for Vault CTMS that helps manage the payment and reimbursement process to clinical research sites.

•Veeva Vault Study Startup helps life sciences companies more efficiently manage the process of activating investigator sites for clinical trials.

•Veeva Clinical Network links patients, clinical research sites, and life sciences companies that sponsor clinical trials to help create paperless, patient-centric clinical trials. Veeva SiteVault helps clinical research sites reduce the administrative burden of managing documents and processes for study site qualification and activation with capabilities such as electronic signatures, remote monitoring, certified copy workflows, and reporting. Veeva offers a fully configurable edition called SiteVault Enterprise that includes open APIs


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for integrations, customized reports, and tailored workflows. We also offer a free edition called SiteVault Free to provide clinical trial sites of all sizes with a modern cloud solution that helps streamline trial activities with the goal of accelerating clinical research for the life sciences industry overall. Life sciences companies that sponsor clinical trials and the contract research organizations with which they work to run clinical trials on an outsourced basis use Veeva Site Connect to share and automate the flow of clinical trial information between Veeva Vault Clinical applications and Veeva SiteVault allowing for better collaboration and faster clinical trials. MyVeeva for Patients provides patient access to trials with current capabilities for eConsent with additional capabilities planned for the future.

Veeva Vault RIM

Veeva Vault RIM is a suite of applications that provides fully integrated regulatory information management (RIM) capabilities on a single cloud platform.

•Veeva Vault Submissions brings together submission content planning and authoring in a single application to help life sciences companies gather and organize documents and content, according to industry-accepted guidelines, in a regulatory submission to a healthcare authority, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

•Veeva Vault Submissions Archive stores published submissions and correspondence in a secure, globally accessible repository.

•Veeva Vault Registrations enables life sciences companies to manage, track, and report product and registration information worldwide, including registration status, variations, health authority questions and commitments, and certification requests.

•Veeva Vault Submissions Publishing provides an integrated solution for dossier publishing that helps speed the preparation and processing time of regulatory submissions.

Veeva Vault Quality

Veeva Vault Quality is the industry’s first unified suite of quality applications for life sciences, contract manufacturers, and suppliers to seamlessly manage quality processes and content in a single platform for greater visibility and control.

•Veeva Vault QualityDocs enables the creation, review, approval, distribution, and management of controlled documents, such as standard operating procedures, manufacturing recipes, and specifications.

•Veeva Vault Station Manager provides manufacturing operators up-to-date documents and video, including critical work instructions and procedures, directly through tablets located at manufacturing stations on the manufacturing floor.

•Veeva Vault QMS is a quality management solution that provides best practice processes for deviations, internal and external audits, complaints, lab investigations, change controls, corrective and preventative actions, and proactive management initiatives.

•Veeva Vault Training simplifies role-based training within life sciences companies and helps quality teams remain audit-ready and compliant. Companies can efficiently organize, assign, and track content and information so the right people are trained on the right policies and procedures.

Veeva Vault Safety

Veeva Vault Safety is a unified suite of applications that helps the pharmacovigilance and safety departments of life sciences companies increase efficiency and maintain compliance in the management of end-to-end safety processes that includes:

•Veeva Vault Safety is a modern application for the collection, management, and real-time oversight of adverse events in a single system.

•Veeva Vault SafetyDocs centrally manages pharmacovigilance content for greater operational efficiency and compliance. It enables collaboration within teams and across clinical, quality, regulatory, and other organizations within life sciences companies.

•Veeva Vault Safety.AI is an artificial intelligence application that automates case intake to reduce the time and effort of manual data entry for more efficient case processing.


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•Veeva Vault Signal unifies signal management processes from identification through risk evaluation and mitigation so pharmacovigilance teams can easily manage safety signals with greater visibility across the entire signal workflow.

Veeva Vault Medical Device Suite

Veeva Vault Medical Device Suite includes the commercial, clinical, quality, and regulatory applications described above to provide manufacturers with greater visibility, collaboration, and speed across the product development life cycle.

Our Cloud Solutions for Regulated Industries Outside of Life Sciences

Our initial applications for customers outside of life sciences address specific content and data management processes within the regulated industries of consumer goods, chemicals, and cosmetics. Veeva QualityOne is a robust quality management, document management, and training solution. Veeva RegulatoryOne helps companies manage regulatory submission content. Veeva Claims addresses the end-to-end product and marketing claims management process.

Veeva Business Consulting

We offer Veeva Business Consulting services through dedicated teams that are distinct from our processional services and support organization. Our Business Consulting team provides strategic consulting services and solutions that are often enabled by our unique industry-wide perspective and proprietary data. Business Consulting engagements typically focus on a particular customer success initiative, strategic analysis, or business process change, and not a cloud software implementation. Our Business Consulting engagements are currently focused on customer-centric commercial strategies that solve commercial business challenges such as optimizing digital engagement, commercial content management, field optimization, go-to-market strategy, and commercial insights and analytics. We plan to expand Business Consulting into the R&D functions of life sciences companies by the end of 2021 to help our customers accelerate their capabilities and improve business processes.

Professional Services and Support

We offer professional services to help customers maximize the value of our solutions. Our service teams possess industry expertise, project management capabilities, and deep technical acumen that we believe our customers highly value. Our professional services teams work with our systems integrator partners to deliver projects. We offer the following professional services:

•implementation and deployment planning and project management;

•requirements analysis, solution design and configuration;

•systems environment management and deployment services;

•services focused on advancing or transforming business and operating processes related to Veeva solutions;

•technical consulting services related to data migration and systems integrations;

•training on our solutions; and

•ongoing managed services, such as outsourced systems administration.

We organize our professional services teams by specific expertise so that they can provide advice and support for best industry practices in the research and development and commercial departments of our customers.

Our global systems integrator partners also deliver implementation and selected support services to customers who wish to utilize them. Our systems integrator partners include Accenture, Cognizant Technology Solutions, Deloitte Consulting, and other life sciences specialty firms.


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Our Customers

As of January 31, 2021, we served 993 customers. For an explanation of how we define current customers, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Components of Results of Operations.” We deliver solutions to companies throughout the life sciences industry, including pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device companies, contract sales organizations, and contract research organizations. Our life sciences customers range from the largest global pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies such as Bayer AG, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., and Novartis International AG, to emerging growth pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, including Alkermes plc, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc., bluebird bio, Inc., Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, and Moderna Inc. We also deliver solutions to companies in the following regulated industries outside of life sciences: consumer goods, chemicals, and cosmetics.

Our Human Capital Resources

As of January 31, 2021, we had a world-wide employee population of 4,506 employees, up by 1,005 from the previous year. Our employees in the United States are not represented by a labor union; however, in certain foreign locations, local workers’ councils represent our employees. We have not experienced any work stoppages, and we consider our relations with our employees to be very good.

Our workforce is diverse in many respects. As of January 31, 2021, 42% of our global employee population self-identified as female, and as of December 31, 2020, approximately 38% of our U.S. workforce self-identified as members of underrepresented racial or ethnic groups.

We use a combination of base salary and equity to compensate our employees. We also offer a range of benefits to our employees, including comprehensive healthcare and other wellness programs. We believe our compensation and benefits programs are competitive.

While we experience intense competition for talent, we believe we have been effective in attracting and retaining talented employees. Our rate of voluntary attrition has been comparatively low historically.

Research and Development

Our R&D organization is responsible for the design, development, and testing of our solutions and applications. Based on customer feedback and needs, we focus our efforts on developing new solutions functionality, applications, and core technologies and further enhancing the usability, functionality, reliability, performance, and flexibility of existing solutions and applications.

Sales and Marketing

We sell our solutions through our direct sales organization. In large life sciences companies, the R&D and commercial business functions commonly have separate technology and business decision makers. Accordingly, we market and sell our solutions to align with the distinct characteristics of those decision makers. We have distinct R&D and commercial sales teams, which we further segment to focus on selling to large global life sciences companies and smaller life sciences companies. We also have a distinct sales team for our sales efforts to companies in regulated industries outside of life sciences.

Technology Infrastructure and Operations

Our solutions utilize a pod-based architecture that allows for scalability, operational simplicity, and security. Our products are hosted in data centers located in the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, Japan, and South Korea. Our products used only in China are hosted in data centers located in China. We utilize third parties to provide our computing infrastructure and manage the infrastructure on which our solutions operate. For example, for Veeva CRM and certain of our multichannel CRM applications, we utilize the hosting infrastructure provided by salesforce.com. For our Veeva Vault applications, Veeva Network applications, and certain other Veeva Commercial Cloud applications, we utilize Amazon Web Services.

Our infrastructure providers employ advanced measures to ensure physical integrity and security, including redundant power and cooling systems, fire and flood prevention mechanisms, continual security coverage, biometric readers at entry points and anonymous exteriors. We also implement various disaster recovery measures such that data loss would be minimized in the event of a single data center disaster. We architect our solutions using


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redundant configurations to minimize service interruptions. We continually monitor our solutions for any sign of failure or pending failure, and we take preemptive action to attempt to minimize or prevent downtime.

Our technology is based on multitenant architectures that apply common, consistent management practices for all customers using our solutions. We enable multiple customers to share the same version of our solutions while securely partitioning their respective data. Portions of our multichannel customer relationship management applications are built on the Salesforce Platform of salesforce.com inc. Our Veeva Vault applications, Veeva Network, and portions of our other Commercial Cloud applications are built upon our own proprietary platforms. Certain of our other applications rely on technology platforms provided by Amazon Web Services. For example, Veeva Nitro, our commercial data warehouse application, utilizes Amazon Redshift.

Quality and Compliance Program

Veeva maintains a quality management system certified to ISO9001 to ensure process controls conform to established industry standards across our regulated product offerings. To comply with IT healthcare regulations, certain capabilities such as robust audit trail tracking, compliant electronic signature capture, data encryption, and secure access controls must be designed for and embedded in our solutions. In addition to design requirements, our solutions must be thoroughly tested to comply with the regulations that apply to electronic record keeping systems for the life sciences industry, which include:


Regulation						Regulation Description
21 CFR 820.75						U.S. FDA device regulation on system validation
21 CFR 211.68						U.S. FDA pharma GMP regulation on system validation
21 CFR 11						U.S. FDA requirement for maintenance of electronic records
EU Annex 11						EU Good Manufacturing Processes (GMP) requirement for maintenance of electronic records
21 CFR 203						Drug sample tracking as required by the Prescription Drug Marketing Act
PFSB Notification, No. 0401022 (Japan)						Use of Electromagnetic Records and Electronic Signatures for Approval of, or License for, Drugs
OECD No. 17						Application of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Principles to Computerised Systems
ICH E6(R2) Section 5.5						Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Validation Principles

Security Program

Veeva maintains an information security management system certified to ISO 27001 and managed by our Chief Information Security Officer to ensure security controls conform to established standards across both product and infrastructure components. Our solution undergoes internal vulnerability testing prior to release, and we employ third parties to perform penetration and vulnerability tests on our solutions on at least an annual basis. We also obtain independent third-party audit opinions related to security and availability annually, such as SOC 2 Type 2 reports and ISO 27001 attestation reports. We also require role-based security and security awareness training and have defined security incident response processes.

Privacy Program

Veeva maintains a global privacy program aligned to applicable laws such as the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA), the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and the U.S. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). We have a Chief Privacy Officer, who collaborates with our Chief Information Security Officer and business and product leaders throughout our organization. Veeva maintains an active EU-U.S. Privacy Shield certification and a Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield certification; however, we currently rely on the EU Standard Contractual Clauses as our alternative legal data transfer mechanism. Veeva is also registered as a data broker as required by the California Attorney General. In addition, Veeva maintains privacy policies and procedures and role-based privacy awareness training. For more information about our privacy practices, please visit veeva.com/privacy.

Competition

The markets for our solutions are global, rapidly evolving, highly competitive, and subject to changing regulations, advancing technology, and shifting customer needs. In new sales cycles, we generally compete with other cloud-


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based solutions from providers that make applications geared toward the life sciences industry. The principal such competitor for our Veeva Commercial Cloud applications is IQVIA Inc., which offers a CRM application built on the Salesforce Platform and other applications. Our data and data analytics products, including Veeva OpenData, Veeva Link, Veeva Crossix, and Veeva Data Cloud, compete with IQVIA and smaller data and data analytics providers. No single vendor offers products that compete with all of our Veeva Vault applications, but IQVIA, Dassault Systèmes, OpenText Corporation, Oracle Corporation, and other smaller application providers offer applications that compete with certain of our Veeva Vault applications.

Our Commercial Cloud and Veeva Vault application suites also compete to replace client server-based legacy solutions offered by companies such as Oracle, Microsoft Corporation, and other smaller application providers. Our customers may also choose to use cloud-based applications or platforms that are not life sciences specific—such as Box, Inc., Amazon Web Services, or Microsoft—for certain of the functions our applications provide.

We sell certain of our Veeva Vault applications to companies outside the life sciences industry. In this segment of our business, we compete with solutions such as those offered by OpenText, Microsoft, Sparta Systems Inc. (recently acquired by Honeywell International Inc.), EtQ Management Consultants, LLC, Oracle, and Box, and custom-built software developed by third-party vendors or in-house by our potential customers.

Our business consulting and professional services offerings compete with a range of professional services firms.

Some of our actual and potential competitors have advantages over us, such as longer operating histories, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing or other resources, stronger brand and business recognition, larger intellectual property portfolios, and agreements with a broader set of system integrators and other partners. We expect competition to intensify in the future, and we may face competition from new market entrants as well.

We believe the principal competitive factors in our market include the following:

•level of customer satisfaction;

•regulatory compliance verification and functionality;

•domain expertise with respect to life sciences;

•ease of deployment and use of solutions and applications;

•breadth and depth of solution and application functionality;

•brand awareness and reputation;

•modern and adaptive technology platform;

•capability for customization, configurability, integration, security, scalability and reliability of applications;

•total cost of ownership;

•ability to innovate and respond to customer needs rapidly;

•size of customer base and level of user adoption;

•ability to secure the rights to load and process third party proprietary data licensed by customers; and

•ability to integrate with legacy enterprise infrastructures and third-party applications.

We believe that we generally compete favorably on the basis of these factors.

Intellectual Property

We rely on a combination of patents, trade secrets, copyrights and trademarks, as well as contractual protections, to establish and protect our intellectual property rights. We have developed a process for seeking patent protection for


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our technology innovations. The table below provides a summary of our issued patents and pending patent applications as of January 31, 2021:



Issued U.S. patents (expiring between May 2027 and January 2039)			33
Issued international patents (expiring between April 2025 and June 2037)			11
U.S. and international pending patent applications			58

Our patents and patent applications cover technology within the following of our product categories: Veeva Commercial Cloud, Veeva Vault Platform, Veeva Vault Clinical, Veeva Vault RIM, Veeva Vault CDMS, and Veeva Vault Safety. We plan to continue expanding our patent portfolio. We require our employees, consultants, and other third parties to enter into confidentiality and proprietary rights agreements, and we control access to software, documentation, and other proprietary information. Although we rely on our intellectual property rights, as well as contractual protections to establish and protect our proprietary rights, we believe that factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, creation of new features and functionality and frequent enhancements to our applications are essential to establishing and maintaining our technology leadership position as a provider of technology solutions to the life sciences industry.

Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary technology and our intellectual property rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or obtain and use our technology to develop applications with the same functionality as our application. Policing unauthorized use of our technology and intellectual property rights is difficult, and protection of our rights through civil enforcement mechanisms may be expensive and time consuming.

Companies in our industry, as well as non-practicing entities, often own a number of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets, and frequently enter into litigation based on allegations of infringement, misappropriation, or other violations of intellectual property or other rights. We are currently engaged in legal proceedings with competitors in which the competitors are asserting trade secret misappropriation and other claims, and we may face new allegations in the future that we have infringed the patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property rights of other competitors or non-practicing entities. We expect that we and others in our industry will continue to be subject to third-party infringement claims by competitors as the functionality of applications in different industry segments overlaps, and by non-practicing entities. Any of these third parties might make a claim of infringement against us at any time. For example, see the description of our current litigations in note 15 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.

Corporate Information

Our website address is http://www.veeva.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K, and you should not consider information contained on our website to be part of this Form 10-K or in deciding whether to purchase shares of our Class A common stock. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available free of charge on the Investors portion of our website at http://ir.veeva.com as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.


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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Investing in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” together with all of the other information in this report, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes, before investing in our Class A common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the price of our Class A common stock could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Summary of Risk Factors

The below is a summary of principal risks to our business and risks associated with ownership of our stock. It is only a summary. You should read the more detailed discussion of risks set forth below and elsewhere in this report for a more complete discussion of the risks listed below and other risks.

•The worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 may negatively impact our business and our stock price.

•If our security measures are breached or unauthorized access to customer data is otherwise obtained, our solutions may be perceived as not being secure, customers may reduce or stop the use of our solutions, and we may incur significant liabilities.

•The markets in which we participate are highly competitive, and if we do not compete effectively, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

•If our newer solutions are not successfully adopted by new and existing customers, the growth rate of our revenues and operating results will be adversely affected.

•We expect our revenue growth rates to decline in future periods and, as our costs increase, we may not be able to sustain the same level of profitability we have achieved in the past.

•Our revenues are relatively concentrated within a small number of key customers, and the loss of one or more of such key customers could cause our revenues to decline.

•Nearly all of our revenues are generated by sales to customers in the life sciences industry, and factors that adversely affect this industry could also adversely affect us.

•If the third-party providers of healthcare professional and healthcare organization data and prescription drug sales data do not allow our customers to upload and use such data in our solutions, the demand for our solutions may decrease, and our business may be negatively impacted.

•We rely on third-party providers for computing infrastructure, secure network connectivity, and other technology-related services needed to deliver our cloud solutions, and any disruption in the services provided by them could adversely affect our business and subject us to liability.

•Because key and substantial portions of our multichannel CRM applications are built on salesforce.com’s Salesforce Platform, we are dependent upon salesforce.com to provide these solutions to our customers and we are bound by the restrictions of our agreement with salesforce.com, which limits the markets to which we may sell our Veeva CRM solution.

•We are currently being sued by third parties for alleged misappropriation of trade secrets. We may suffer damages or other harm from these lawsuits and we may be sued for infringement or misappropriation of third-party intellectual property in the future.

•Our conversion to a PBC may not result in the benefits that we anticipate, requires our directors to balance the interest of stockholders with other interests, and may subject us to legal uncertainty and other risks.

•Until its expiration on October 15, 2023, the dual-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting control with certain individuals and their affiliates, which will limit or preclude the ability of our investors to influence corporate matters.


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Risks Related to Our Business

The worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 may negatively impact our business and our stock price.

The worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 has had and continues to have a widespread and unpredictable worldwide impact on our business operations, the life sciences industry, healthcare systems, financial markets, and the global economy. While the impact of COVID-19 on our operational and financial performance has not been materially negative to date, the future impact is uncertain and will depend on future developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak, government responses to the pandemic, the impact on our customers, the impact on our employees, the extent of further adverse impacts to the economy, and the scale and pace of economic recovery and resumption of normal business activities, all of which cannot be predicted with certainty.

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, we have shifted most of our customer, employee, and industry events to virtual-only experiences for the remainder of our fiscal year ending January 31, 2022. We have also implemented employee travel restrictions and, as of the time of this filing, many of our U.S. offices, including our corporate headquarters in Pleasanton, California, remain closed with employees working from home. With respect to offices we have opened, we have generally offered employees the option to continue working from home and many employees have chosen to do so. Many of our customers have implemented similar measures, which may limit our ability to sell or provide professional services to them over time. Customers may delay or cancel purchasing decisions or professional services projects in light of uncertainties to their businesses arising from COVID-19 or renew their subscriptions at lower levels. In our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, our recently acquired Crossix and Physicians World businesses were negatively impacted by COVID-19, and sales to certain other customer segments were and may continue to be negatively impacted as well, including sales to cosmetics companies. We may also experience requests from customers for lengthened payment terms or less favorable billing terms that could adversely impact our financial performance. Such requests to date have not been significant but may increase in the future. Due to our subscription-based business model, the effect of COVID-19, and any impact to our sales efforts, may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods, if at all.

Certain impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting changes in business practice may be enduring over the long term and may result in significant changes in business practice within the technology industry, the life sciences industry, and the world economy generally. For example, the extent to which remote work will remain common practice or become increasingly prevalent after the COVID-19 pandemic ends is not certain and may have significant impacts on hiring practices, management practices, expense structures and investments, and other aspects of our business and the businesses of our customers. Similarly, the extent to which virtual meetings and interactions continue to be used or preferred in lieu of in-person interactions may significantly change business practices for us and our customers, and, in turn, may impact demand for our products and services. For example, if our customers reduce sales representatives in response to an increasing preference for virtual meetings with doctors, demand for our core CRM application may decline. We expect life sciences companies to reduce the number of sales representatives that they employ by roughly 10% over the next one to two years, which could negatively impact sales of our solutions, including Veeva CRM and other Commercial Cloud applications in particular, but we cannot be certain such reductions will happen or of the timing or magnitude of such reductions. At the same time, demand for our products that enable virtual interactions with doctors and clinical trial participants may increase. We cannot accurately predict how such changes may impact Veeva's results over the long term.

In addition, the stock market has been unusually volatile during certain periods of the COVID-19 pandemic and such volatility may continue. During certain early periods of the COVID-19 pandemic, our stock price declined significantly, and such declines may happen again.

If our security measures are breached or unauthorized access to customer data is otherwise obtained, our solutions may be perceived as not being secure, customers may reduce or stop their use of our solutions, and we may incur significant liabilities.

Our solutions involve the storage and transmission of our customers’ proprietary information (including personal or identifying information regarding their employees and the medical professionals whom their sales personnel contact, and sensitive proprietary data related to the clinical trial, regulatory submission and sales and marketing processes for medical treatments), personal information of medical professionals, personal information (which may include personal health information) of patients and clinical trial participants, and other sensitive information. For example, Veeva Crossix processes third-party health and non-health data for U.S. patients. Unauthorized access or security breaches, as a result of third-party action (e.g., cyber-attacks), employee error, product defect, malfeasance, or


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otherwise, could result in the loss of information, inappropriate use of or access to information, service interruption, service degradation, outages, service level credits, litigation, indemnity obligations, damage to our reputation, and other liability. We believe our risk of cyber-attack may be elevated during the COVID-19 outbreak due to an increase in cyber-attack attempts on U.S. businesses generally. While we maintain and continue to improve our security measures, we may be unable to adequately anticipate security threats or to implement adequate preventative measures, in part, because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not identified until they are launched against a target. Moreover, the detection, prevention, and remediation of known or unknown securities vulnerabilities, including those arising from third-party hardware or software in our supply chain, may result in additional direct or indirect costs and management time. Any or all of these issues could adversely affect our ability to attract new customers, cause existing customers to elect to not renew their subscriptions, result in reputational damage, or subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines, mandatory disclosures, or other action or liability, which could adversely affect our operating results. Our insurance may not be adequate to cover losses associated with such events, and such insurance may not cover all of the types of costs, expenses, and losses we could incur to respond to and remediate a security breach. A security breach of another significant provider of cloud-based solutions may also negatively impact the demand for our solutions.

The markets in which we participate are highly competitive, and if we do not compete effectively, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

The markets for our solutions are highly competitive. In new sales cycles within our largest product categories, we generally compete with other cloud-based solutions from providers that make applications geared toward the life sciences industry. The principal such competitor for our Veeva Commercial Cloud applications is IQVIA Inc., which offers a CRM application built on the Salesforce1 Platform, various data products, and other applications. A significant Veeva CRM customer recently launched a project to implement IQVIA's competitive software offering for portions of its CRM users. The scope of that deployment may expand, resulting in further losses of revenue within our Veeva CRM business, or we may lose additional Veeva CRM users or customers in the future. Our data and data analytics products, including Veeva OpenData, Veeva Link, Veeva Crossix, and Veeva Data Cloud, compete with IQVIA and smaller data and data analytics providers. No single vendor offers products that compete with all of our Veeva Vault applications, but IQVIA, Dassault Systèmes, OpenText Corporation, Oracle Corporation, and other smaller application providers offer applications that compete with certain of our Veeva Vault applications. Our Commercial Cloud and Veeva Vault application suites also compete to replace client server-based legacy solutions offered by companies such as Oracle, Microsoft Corporation, and other smaller application providers. Our customers may also choose to use cloud-based applications or platforms that are not life sciences specific—such as Box.com, Amazon Web Services, or Microsoft—for certain of the functions our applications provide. Our business consulting and professional services offerings compete with a range of professional services firms, including at times some of our partners. With the introduction of new technologies, we expect competition to intensify in the future, and we may face competition from new market entrants as well.

Some of our actual and potential competitors have advantages over us, such as longer operating histories, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing or other resources, stronger brand and business recognition, larger intellectual property portfolios, and agreements with a broader set of system integrators and other partners. We also continue to be subject to litigation from our competitors. For example, as disclosed elsewhere in this report, we are in active litigation with IQVIA and Medidata.

If our competitors’ products, services, or technologies become more accepted than our solutions, if they are successful in bringing their products or services to market earlier than we are, if their products or services are more technologically capable than ours, or if customers replace our solutions with custom-built software, then our revenues could be adversely affected. Pricing pressures and increased competition could result in reduced sales, reduced margins, losses, or a failure to maintain or improve our competitive market position, any of which could adversely affect our business. For all of these reasons, we may not be able to compete favorably against our current and future competitors.

If our newer solutions are not successfully adopted by new and existing customers, the growth rate of our revenues and operating results will be adversely affected.

Our continued growth and profitability will depend on our ability to successfully develop and sell new solutions. It is uncertain whether these newer solutions will continue to grow as a percentage of revenues at a pace significant enough to support our expected overall growth. For example, we have limited experience selling our Veeva Data


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Cloud offering for longitudinal patient and prescriber data, our MyVeeva for Patients solution that will enable remote patient interactions for clinical trials, or our MyVeeva for Doctors solution that will facilitate more efficient communications between health care practitioners and life sciences companies. We cannot be certain that we will be successful with respect to newer solutions and markets. It may take us significant time, and we may incur significant expense, to effectively market and sell these solutions, develop other new solutions, or make enhancements to our existing solutions. If our newer solutions do not continue to gain traction in the market, or other solutions that we may develop and introduce in the future do not achieve market acceptance in a timely manner, the growth rate of our revenues and operating results will be adversely affected.

Our revenues are relatively concentrated within a small number of key customers, and the loss of one or more of such key customers, or their failure to renew or expand user subscriptions, could slow the growth rate of our revenues or cause our revenues to decline.

In our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our top 10 customers accounted for 36%, 36%, and 39% of our total revenues, respectively. We rely on our reputation and recommendations from key customers in order to promote our solutions to potential customers, which we call “reference selling.” The loss of any of our key customers, or a failure of one or more of them to renew or expand user subscriptions for some or all our products, could have a significant impact on the growth rate of our revenues, our reputation, and our ability to obtain new customers. In the event of an acquisition of one of our customers or a business combination between two of our customers, we have in the past and may in the future suffer reductions in user subscriptions or non-renewal of certain or all of their subscription orders. We are also likely to face increasing purchasing scrutiny at the renewal of large customer subscription orders, which may result in reductions in user subscriptions or increased pricing pressure. The business impact of any of these negative events could be particularly pronounced with respect to our largest customers.

An inability to attract and retain highly skilled employees could adversely affect our business.

To execute our growth plan, we must attract and retain highly skilled employees. Competition for these employees is intense, especially with respect to software engineers with high levels of experience in enterprise software and internet-related services and sales personnel. We have experienced, and we expect to continue to experience, difficulty in hiring and retaining employees with the appropriate level of qualifications, and we have experienced, and we expect to continue to experience, intense recruitment of our employees by competitors and other technology companies. With respect to sales professionals, even if we are successful in attracting highly qualified personnel, it may take six to nine months or longer before they are fully trained and productive. Many of the companies with which we compete for experienced employees have greater resources than we have and may offer compensation packages that are perceived to be better than ours. For example, we offer equity awards to a substantial majority of our job candidates and existing employees as part of their overall compensation package. If the perceived value of our equity awards declines, including as a result of declines in the market price of our Class A common stock or changes in perception about our future prospects, it may adversely affect our ability to recruit and retain highly skilled employees. Additionally, changes in our compensation structure may be negatively received by employees and result in attrition or cause difficulty in the recruiting process. If we fail to attract new employees or fail to retain and motivate our current employees, our business and future growth prospects could be adversely affected.

Defects or disruptions in our solutions could result in diminished demand for our solutions, a reduction in our revenues, and subject us to substantial liability.

We have from time to time found defects in our solutions, and new defects may be detected in the future. In addition, we have experienced, and may in the future experience, service disruptions, degradations, outages, and other performance problems. These types of problems may be caused by a variety of factors, including human or software errors, viruses, cyber-attacks, fraud, spikes in customer usage, problems associated with our third-party computing infrastructure and network providers, infrastructure changes, and denial of service issues. Service disruptions may result from errors we make in delivering, configuring, or hosting our solutions, or designing, installing, expanding, or maintaining our computing infrastructure. In some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these performance problems within an acceptable period of time. It is also possible that such problems could result in losses of customer data.

Since our customers use our solutions for important aspects of their business, any errors, defects, disruptions, service degradations, or other performance problems with our solutions, could hurt our reputation and may damage our customers’ businesses. If that occurs, our customers may delay or withhold payment to us, cancel their


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agreements with us, elect not to renew, or make service credit claims, warranty claims, or other claims against us, and we could lose future sales. The occurrence of any of these events could result in diminishing demand for our solutions, a reduction of our revenues, an increase in our bad debt expense or in collection cycles for accounts receivable, or could require us to incur the expense of litigation or substantial liability.

We have experienced rapid growth, and if we fail to manage our growth effectively, we may be unable to execute our business plan.

We have experienced rapid growth and expansion of our operations. Our revenues, customer count, product and service offerings, countries of operation, facilities, and computing infrastructure needs have all increased significantly, and we expect them to increase in the future. We have also experienced rapid growth in our employee base. As we continue to grow, both organically and through acquisitions, we must effectively integrate, develop, and motivate an increasing number of employees (an increasing portion of whom are permanent remote employees), while executing our growth plan and maintaining the beneficial aspects of our culture. Any failure to preserve our culture could negatively affect our future success, including our ability to attract and retain highly qualified employees and to achieve our business objectives.

Our rapid growth has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our management capabilities, administrative and operational infrastructure, facilities, IT, and other resources. We anticipate that additional investments in our computing infrastructure and facilities will be required to scale our operations. To effectively manage growth, we must continue to improve our key business applications, processes, and computing infrastructure; enhance information and communication systems; and ensure that our policies and procedures evolve to reflect our current operations and are appropriately communicated to and observed by employees. These enhancements and improvements will require additional investments and allocation of valuable time, effort, and expense. Failure to effectively manage growth could result in difficulty or delays in deploying our solutions, declines in quality or customer satisfaction, increases in costs, difficulties in introducing new features or other operational difficulties, and any of these difficulties could adversely impact our business performance and results of operations.

We may acquire other companies or technologies, which could divert our management’s attention, result in additional dilution to our stockholders, and otherwise disrupt our operations and adversely affect our operating results.

We have in the past acquired and may in the future seek to acquire or invest in businesses, solutions, or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our solutions, enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth opportunities. For example, in November 2019, we acquired Crossix, a provider of privacy-safe patient data and data analytics, and Physicians World, a provider of speakers bureau services for healthcare professionals. The pursuit of potential acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating, and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are completed.

We have limited experience in acquiring other businesses. We may not be able to successfully integrate the acquired personnel, operations, and technologies, or effectively manage the combined business following the acquisition. We also may not achieve the anticipated benefits from the acquired business due to a number of factors, including:

•inability to integrate or benefit from acquired technologies or services in a profitable manner;

•costs, liabilities, or accounting charges associated with the acquisition;

•difficulty integrating the privacy, data security, and accounting systems, operations, and personnel of the acquired business;

•difficulties and additional expenses associated with supporting legacy products and hosting infrastructure of the acquired business;

•difficulty converting the customers of the acquired business onto our solutions and contract terms, including due to disparities in the revenue, licensing, support, or professional services model of the acquired company;

•diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;


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•problems arising from differences in applicable accounting standards or practices of the acquired business (for instance, non-U.S. businesses may not be accustomed to preparing their financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP), or difficulty identifying and correcting deficiencies in the internal controls over financial reporting of the acquired business;

•adverse effects to business relationships with our existing business partners and customers as a result of the acquisition;

•difficulty in retaining key personnel of the acquired business;

•use of substantial portions of our available cash for the acquisition;

•use of resources that are needed in other parts of our business;

•significant changes beyond our control to the worldwide economic environment that could negatively impact our underlying assumptions and expectations for performance of the acquired business, including, for example, the effect of COVID-19 on the Crossix and Physicians World businesses; and

•the possibility of investigation by, or the failure to obtain required approvals from, governmental authorities on a timely basis, if at all, under various regulatory schemes, including competition laws, which could, among other things, delay or prevent us from completing a transaction, subject the transaction to divestiture after the fact, or otherwise restrict our ability to realize the expected financial or strategic goals of the acquisition.

Acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of equity securities or the incurrence of debt, which could adversely affect our operating results. In addition, if an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our operating results, business, and financial position may suffer.

Moreover, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired intangible assets and goodwill, which we must assess for impairment at least annually. In the future, if our acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we may be required to take charges to our operating results based on this impairment assessment process, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Acquisitions may also result in purchase accounting adjustments, write-offs or restructuring charges, which may negatively affect our results.

Our sales cycles can be long and unpredictable, and our sales efforts require considerable investment of resources. If our sales cycle lengthens or we invest substantial resources pursuing unsuccessful sales opportunities, our operating results and growth would be harmed.

Our sales process entails planning discussions with prospective customers, analyzing their existing solutions, and identifying how these potential customers could use and benefit from our solutions. The sales cycle for a new customer, from the time of prospect qualification to the completion of the first sale, may span 12 months or longer. Sales cycles for our newer applications or in newer markets or industries are also lengthy and difficult to predict. We spend substantial time, effort, and expense in our sales efforts without any assurance that our efforts will result in the sale of our solutions. In addition, our sales cycle can vary substantially from customer to customer because of various factors, including the discretionary nature of potential customers’ purchasing and budget decisions, the announcement or planned introduction of new solutions by us or our competitors, and the purchasing approval processes of potential customers. If our sales cycle lengthens or we invest substantial resources pursuing unsuccessful sales opportunities, our operating results and growth would be harmed.

Catastrophic events could disrupt our business and adversely affect our operating results.

Our corporate headquarters are located in Pleasanton, California and our third-party hosted computing infrastructure is located in the United States, the European Union, Japan, and South Korea. The west coast of the United States, Japan and South Korea each contain active earthquake zones. Additionally, we rely on our network and third-party infrastructure and enterprise applications, internal technology systems, and our website, for our development, marketing, operational support, hosted services, and sales activities. In the event of a major earthquake, hurricane, actual or threatened public health emergency (e.g., COVID-19), or other catastrophic event such as fire, power loss, telecommunications failure, cyber-attack, war, or terrorist attack, we may be unable to continue our operations at full capacity or at all and may experience system interruptions, reputational harm, delays in our solution development, lengthy interruptions in our services, breaches of data security, loss of key employees, and loss of critical data, all of which could have an adverse effect on our future operating results.


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Within Veeva Commercial Cloud, our core Veeva CRM application has achieved substantial market penetration within pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. If our efforts to sustain or further increase the use and adoption of our core CRM application do not succeed, the growth of our Veeva Commercial Cloud revenues may be negatively impacted.

In our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, we derived approximately 51% of our subscription services revenues and approximately 49% of our total revenues from our Veeva Commercial Cloud solutions. A significant percentage of our Veeva Commercial Cloud subscription services revenues are derived from subscriptions for our core CRM application, and we have realized substantial sales penetration among pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for our core Veeva CRM application. If we are not able to sell additional user subscriptions for our core CRM application, if we fail to renew existing subscriptions for our core CRM application, or if subscription levels for our core CRM application are reduced at renewal (as a result of reductions in sales representatives that use our solutions, change in demand for our solutions, or for other reasons), the growth of our Veeva Commercial Cloud revenues may be negatively impacted. We expect life sciences companies to reduce the number of sales representatives that they employ by roughly 10% over the next one to two years, which could negatively impact sales of Veeva CRM and other Commercial Cloud applications in particular, but we cannot be certain such reductions will happen or of the timing or magnitude of such reductions.

Changes in our senior management team or other key personnel could have a negative effect on our ability to execute our business strategy.

Our success depends in a large part upon the continued service of our senior management team or other key personnel. In particular, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Peter P. Gassner, is critical to our vision, strategic direction, culture, products, and technology. We do not maintain key-man insurance for Mr. Gassner or any other member of our senior management team. In addition, in the past several years we have experienced changes to our senior leadership team. Such leadership transitions can be inherently difficult to manage, and an unsuccessful transition may cause disruption to our business. In addition, change in the senior management team may create uncertainty among investors and employees or candidates concerning Veeva’s future direction and performance. Any disruption in our operations or uncertainty around our ability to execute could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

Our business could be adversely affected if our customers are not satisfied with the professional or technical support services provided by us or our partners.

Our business depends on our ability to satisfy our customers, both with respect to our solutions and the professional services that are performed in connection with the implementation of our solutions, including training our customers' employees on our solutions. Professional services may be performed by us, by a third party, or by a combination of the two. If a customer is not satisfied with the quality of work performed by us or a third party or with the solutions delivered, then we could incur additional costs to address the situation, we may be required to issue credits or refunds for pre-paid amounts related to unused services, the profitability of that work might be impaired, and the customer’s dissatisfaction with our services could damage our ability to expand the number of solutions subscribed to by that customer. Moreover, negative publicity related to our customer relationships, regardless of its accuracy, may further damage our business by affecting our ability to compete for new business with current and prospective customers.

Once our solutions are deployed, our customers depend on our support organization to resolve technical issues relating to our solutions. We may be unable to sufficiently accommodate short-term increases in customer demand for technical support services to our customers' satisfaction. Increased customer demand for our technical support services, without corresponding revenues, could increase costs and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, our sales process is highly dependent on the reputation of our solutions and business and on positive recommendations from our existing customers. Any failure to maintain high-quality technical support, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality support, could adversely affect our reputation, our ability to sell our solutions to existing and prospective customers, and our business and operating results.

Sales to customers outside the United States or with international operations expose us to risks inherent in international sales.

In our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, customers outside North America accounted for approximately 44% of our total revenues. A key element of our growth strategy is to further expand our international operations and


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worldwide customer base. Operating in international markets requires significant resources and management attention and subjects us to regulatory, economic, and political risks that are different from those in the United States. We have limited operating experience in some international markets, and we cannot assure you that our expansion efforts into additional international markets will be successful. Our experience in the United States and other international markets in which we already have a presence may not be relevant to our ability to expand in other markets. Our international expansion efforts may not be successful in creating further demand for our solutions outside of the United States or in effectively selling our solutions in the international markets we enter. In addition, we face risks in doing business internationally that could adversely affect our business, including:

•the need and expense to localize and adapt our solutions for specific countries, including translation into foreign languages and ensuring that our solutions enable our customers to comply with local laws and regulations;

•data privacy and data sovereignty laws which require that customer data be stored and processed in a designated territory;

•difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;

•different pricing environments, longer sales cycles and longer accounts receivable payment cycles, and collections issues;

•new and different sources of competition;

•weaker protection for intellectual property and other legal rights than in the United States, and practical difficulties in enforcing intellectual property and other rights outside of the United States;

•laws and business practices favoring local competitors;

•compliance challenges related to the complexity of multiple, conflicting and changing governmental laws and regulations, including those related to employment, tax, privacy, data protection, and anti-bribery;

•increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities;

•restrictions on the transfer of funds or difficulties in repatriating funds without adverse tax consequences;

•adverse tax consequences, including the potential for required withholding taxes;

•fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currency in which our foreign revenues or expenses may be denominated;

•changes in diplomatic relations and trade policy, including the status of relations between the United States and China, and the implementation of or changes to trade sanctions, tariffs, and embargoes;

•public health crises, such as epidemics and pandemics, including COVID-19; and

•unstable regional and economic political conditions in the markets in which we operate.

Some of our business partners also have international operations and are subject to the risks described above. Even if we are able to successfully manage the risks of international operations, our business may be adversely affected if our business partners are not able to successfully manage these risks, which could adversely affect our business.

Our estimate of the market size for our solutions we have provided publicly may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market size is accurate, we cannot assure you that our business will serve a significant portion of the market.

Our estimate of the market size for our solutions that we have provided publicly, sometimes referred to as total addressable market (TAM), is subject to significant uncertainty and is based on assumptions and estimates, including our internal analysis and industry experience, which may not prove to be accurate. These estimates are, in part, based upon the size of the general application areas we target. Our ability to serve a significant portion of this estimated market is subject to many factors, including our success in implementing our business strategy, which is subject to many risks and uncertainties. For example, in order to address the entire TAM we have identified, we must continue to enhance and add functionality to our existing solutions and introduce new solutions. Accordingly,


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even if our estimate of the market size is accurate, we cannot assure you that our business will serve a significant portion of this estimated market for our solutions.

Risks Related to the Principal Industry We Serve

Nearly all of our revenues are generated by sales to customers in the life sciences industry, and factors that adversely affect this industry, including mergers within the life sciences industry or regulatory changes, could also adversely affect us.

Nearly all of our sales are to customers in the life sciences industry. Demand for our solutions could be affected by factors that affect the life sciences industry, including:

•The changing regulatory environment of the life sciences industry—Changes in regulations could negatively impact the business environment for our life sciences customers. Healthcare laws and regulations are rapidly evolving and may change significantly in the future. In particular, legislation or regulatory changes regarding the pricing of drugs and other healthcare treatments sold by life sciences companies has continued to be a topic of discussion by political leaders and regulators in the United States and elsewhere.

•Consolidation of companies within the life sciences industry—Consolidation within the life sciences industry has accelerated in recent years, and this trend could continue. We have in the past, and may in the future, suffer reductions in user subscriptions or non-renewal of customer subscription orders due to industry consolidation. We may not be able to expand sales of our solutions and services to new customers enough to counteract any negative impact of company consolidation on our business. In addition, new companies that result from such consolidation may decide that our solutions are no longer needed because of their own internal processes or alternative solutions. As these companies consolidate, competition to provide solutions and services will become more intense and establishing relationships with large industry participants will become more important. These industry participants may also try to use their market power to negotiate price reductions for our solutions. If consolidation of our larger customers occurs, the combined company may represent a larger percentage of business for us and, as a result, we are likely to rely more significantly on revenue from the combined company to continue to achieve growth. In addition, if large life sciences companies merge, it would have the potential to reduce per-unit pricing for our solutions for the merged companies or to reduce demand for one or more of our solutions as a result of potential personnel reductions over time.

•Bankruptcy within the life sciences industry—Life sciences companies, and in particular early-stage companies with pre-commercial treatments in clinical trials, may be unsuccessful and may subsequently declare bankruptcy. If our customers declare bankruptcy or otherwise dissolve, they may terminate their agreements with us or we may not be able to recoup the full payment of fees owed to us.

•Changes in market conditions and practices within the life sciences industry—The expiration of key patents, the implications of precision medicine treatments, changes in the practices of prescribing physicians and patients, changes with respect to payer relationships, the policies and preferences of healthcare professionals and healthcare organizations with respect to the sales and marketing efforts of life sciences companies, changes in the regulation of the sales and marketing efforts and pricing practices of life sciences companies, and other factors such as the impact of COVID-19, could lead to a significant reduction in sales representatives that use our solutions or otherwise change the demand for our solutions. We expect life sciences companies to reduce the number of sales representatives that they employ by roughly 10% over the next one to two years, which could negatively impact sales of our solutions, including Veeva CRM and other Commercial Cloud applications in particular. We cannot be certain such reductions will happen or of the magnitude of such reductions. Changes in public perception regarding the practices of the life sciences industry may result in political pressure to increase the regulation of life sciences companies in one or more of the areas described above, which may negatively impact demand for our solutions.


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•Changes in global economic conditions and changes in the global availability of healthcare treatments provided by the life sciences companies to which we sell—Our business depends on the overall economic health of our existing and prospective customers. The purchase of our solutions may involve a significant commitment of capital and other resources. If economic conditions, including the ability to market life sciences products in key markets or the demand for life sciences products globally deteriorates, many of our customers may delay or reduce their IT spending. This could result in reductions in sales of our solutions, longer sales cycles, reductions in subscription duration and value, slower adoption of new product offerings, and increased price competition.

Accordingly, our operating results and our ability to efficiently provide our solutions to life sciences companies and to grow or maintain our customer base could be adversely affected as a result of these factors and others that affect the life sciences industry generally.

Our solutions address heavily regulated functions within the life sciences industry, and failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could lessen the demand for our solutions or subject us to significant claims and losses.

Our customers use our solutions for business activities that are subject to a complex regime of global laws and regulations, including requirements for maintenance of electronic records and electronic signatures, requirements regarding drug sample tracking and distribution, requirements regarding system validations, requirements regarding processing of health data, and other laws and regulations. Our customers expect to be able to use our solutions in a manner that is compliant with the regulations to which they are subject. Our efforts to provide solutions that comply with such laws and regulations are time-consuming and costly and include validation procedures that may delay the release of new versions of our solutions. As these laws and regulations change over time, we may find it difficult to adjust our solutions to comply with such changes.

In addition, many countries and self-regulatory bodies impose requirements regarding payments and transfers of value from life sciences companies to healthcare professionals. For example, our current and prospective customers may be required to comply with the U.S. federal legislation commonly referred to as the Physician Payments Sunshine Act, enacted as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, and its implementing regulations (Sunshine Act). The Sunshine Act requires certain manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics, and medical supplies, with specific exceptions, to report annually to the government information related to certain payments and other transfers of value to physicians. Our solutions and services targeted at life sciences companies, including, for example, Veeva Digital Events, are used by our customers to assist with their reporting obligations under the Sunshine Act. If our solutions and services fail to assist our customers to meet such reporting obligations in a timely and accurate manner, demand for our solutions could decrease, which could adversely affect our business.

As we increase the number of products we offer and the number of countries in which we operate, the complexity of adjusting our solutions to comply with legal and regulatory changes will increase. If we are unable to effectively manage this increased complexity or if we are not able to provide solutions that can be used in compliance with applicable laws and regulations, customers may be unwilling to use our solutions, and any such non-compliance could result in the termination of our customer agreements or claims arising from such agreements with our customers. Furthermore, we have in the past and may in the future be subject to inspections or audits by government agencies or other regulatory bodies to verify our customers’ compliance with applicable laws, regulations, or GxP principles.

Additionally, any failure of our customers to comply with laws and regulations applicable to the functions for which they use our solutions could result in investigations by regulatory authorities, fines, penalties, or claims for substantial damages against our customers that may, in turn, harm our business or reputation. If such failure were allegedly caused by our solutions or services, our customers may make a claim for damages against us, regardless of our responsibility for the failure. We may be subject to investigations and lawsuits that, even if unsuccessful, could divert our resources and our management’s attention and adversely affect our business and customer relationships, and our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover such claims against us.


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Increasingly complex data protection and privacy regulations are burdensome, may reduce demand for our solutions, and non-compliance may impose significant liabilities.

Our customers use our solutions to collect, use, process, store, and disclose personal data or identifiable information regarding their employees, healthcare professionals, and patients (including potentially sensitive data such as health data). In many countries, governmental bodies have adopted or may adopt laws and regulations regarding the collection, use, processing, storage, and disclosure of personal data, making compliance an increasingly complex task.

For example, in the United States, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services promulgated privacy and security rules under HIPAA that cover protected health information (PHI) by limiting use and disclosure and giving individuals the right to access, amend, and seek accounting of their PHI. Certain of our customers may be either business associates or covered entities under HIPAA. For example, while HIPAA generally is not applicable to pharmaceutical companies, some of our customers are clinical research sites, such as university hospitals, and may provide healthcare service as well as clinical research and may be required to comply with HIPAA. Therefore, in certain scenarios, HIPAA is applicable to PHI that is introduced into our solutions, and we must maintain a HIPAA compliance program.

Veeva Crossix provides analytics derived from de-identified third-party health and consumer data on U.S. residents that life sciences companies use for measurement of their advertising objectives. All PHI processed by Crossix for its measurement services is certified to satisfy HIPAA’s de-identification standard. Certain states have signed into law or are intending to enact laws regarding requirements on de-identified information, and there is some uncertainty regarding those laws' conformity with the HIPAA de-identification standards. Compliance with state laws could require additional investment and management attention and may subject us to significant liabilities if we do not comply appropriately with new and potentially conflicting regulations.

In addition to government regulations, privacy advocates and other key industry players have established or may establish various new, additional, or different policies or self-regulatory standards, such as the prohibition of third-party cookies and other identifiers in certain digital environments that may place additional burdens or resource constraints on us, limit our ability to collect and use certain data, and limit our ability to generate certain analytics. Our customers may expect us to meet voluntary certifications or adhere to other standards established by third parties. Moreover, the continuing evolution of these standards might cause confusion for our customers and may have an impact on the solutions we offer, including our data products. If we are unable to maintain these certifications or meet these standards, it could reduce demand for our solutions and adversely affect our business and operating results.

Under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA), we are a service provider and business for our software solutions and data products, respectively. Several other states have signed into law or are intending to enact laws regarding requirements on personal information. There is also the potential for the U.S. federal government to pass data privacy laws. These regulations and legislative developments have potentially far-reaching consequences and may require us to modify our data management practices and to incur substantial expense in order to comply.

Under the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), we act as a data controller for our data products, Veeva OpenData and Veeva Link, and a data processor with respect to our software solutions. Regarding data transfer, the European Court of Justice invalidated the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework and we now rely solely on the EU Standard Contractual Clauses to ensure that our European customers have the appropriate legal mechanisms in place for their personal data to be accessed within the United States. Management has spent considerable time and resources to respond to customer inquiries as a result of this decision. There is also a trend toward countries enacting data localization or other country specific requirements which could be problematic to cloud software providers. Understanding and implementing such country specific certifications on top of our internationally recognized security certifications could require additional investment and management attention and may subject us to significant liabilities if we do not comply with particular requirements. Compliance with global privacy laws has and will continue to require valuable management and employee time and resources, and failure to comply with these regulations could include severe penalties and could reduce demand for our solutions.

Customers expect that our solutions can be used in compliance with data protection and data privacy laws and regulations. The functional and operational requirements and costs of compliance with such laws and regulations may adversely impact our business, and failure to enable our solutions to comply with such laws and regulations


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could lead to significant fines and penalties imposed by regulators, as well as claims by our customers or third parties. Additionally, all of these domestic and international legislative and regulatory initiatives could adversely affect our customers’ ability or desire to collect, use, process, store, and disclose personal information and health data using our solutions, or to license data products from us, which could reduce demand for our solutions.

Risks Related to Our Reliance on Third Parties

If the third-party providers of healthcare professional and healthcare organization data and prescription drug sales data do not allow our customers to upload and use such data in our solutions, the demand for our solutions may decrease and our business may be negatively impacted.

Many of our customers license healthcare professional and healthcare organization data and data regarding the sales of prescription drugs from third parties such as IQVIA. In order for our customers to upload such data to the Veeva CRM, Veeva Network Customer Master, Veeva Nitro, and other Veeva applications, such third-party data providers typically must consent to such uploads and often require that we enter into agreements regarding our obligations with respect to such data, which include confidentiality obligations and intellectual property rights with respect to such third-party data. We have experienced delays and difficulties in our negotiations with such third-party data providers in the past, and we expect to experience difficulties in the future. For instance, IQVIA currently will not consent to customers using its healthcare professional or healthcare organization data being uploaded to Veeva Network Customer Master and this has negatively affected sales and customer adoption of Veeva Network Customer Master. To date, IQVIA has also restricted customers from uploading any of its data to Veeva Nitro, Veeva Andi, and certain other Veeva applications. Similarly, sales and customer adoption of Veeva OpenData has been negatively impacted by certain restrictions on the use of IQVIA data during customer transitions from IQVIA data to Veeva OpenData. If third-party data providers, particularly IQVIA, do not consent to the uploading and use of their data in our solutions, delay consent, or fail to offer reasonable conditions for the upload and use of their data in our solutions, our sales efforts, solution implementations, and productive use of our solutions by customers, which have been harmed by such actions in the past, may continue to be harmed. Restrictions on the ability of our customers to use third-party data in our solutions may also decrease demand for our solutions or may cause customers to consider purchasing solutions that are not subject to the same restrictions. For example, it has been reported that a significant Veeva CRM customer recently launched a project to implement IQVIA's competitive software offering for portions of its CRM users, in part as a result of concerns about restrictions imposed by IQVIA for the use of IQVIA data in certain Veeva software applications. If these third-party data limitations persist, our business may be negatively impacted.

We rely on third-party providers—including salesforce.com and Amazon Web Services—for computing infrastructure, secure network connectivity, and other technology-related services needed to deliver our cloud solutions. Any disruption in the services provided by such third-party providers could adversely affect our business and subject us to liability.

Our solutions are hosted from and use computing infrastructure provided by third parties, including salesforce.com with respect to Veeva CRM and certain of our multichannel CRM applications, Amazon Web Services with respect to Veeva Vault applications, Veeva Network applications, and certain other Veeva Commercial Cloud applications, and, to a lesser extent, other computing infrastructure service providers.

We do not own or control the operation of the third-party facilities or equipment used to provide the services described above. Our computing infrastructure service providers have no obligation to renew their agreements with us on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms, we may be required to transition to a new provider and we may incur significant costs and possible service interruption in connection with doing so. In addition, such service providers could decide to close their facilities or change or suspend their service offerings without adequate notice to us. Moreover, any financial difficulties, such as bankruptcy, faced by such service providers may have negative effects on our business, the nature and extent of which are difficult to predict. Since we cannot easily switch computing infrastructure service providers, any disruption with respect to our current providers would impact our operations and our business could be adversely impacted.

Problems faced by our computing infrastructure service providers could adversely affect the experience of our customers. For example, salesforce.com and Amazon Web Services have experienced significant service outages in the past and may do so again in the future. Additionally, our failure to manage or react to an increase in customer demand could have an adverse effect on our business. A rapid expansion of our business or an increase in


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customer demand could affect our service levels or cause our systems to fail. Our agreements with third-party computing infrastructure service providers may not entitle us to corresponding service level credits to those we offer to our customers. Any changes in third-party service levels at our computing infrastructure service providers or any related disruptions or performance problems with our solutions could result in lengthy interruptions in our services, damage our customers’ stored files, or result in potential losses of customer data, any of which could adversely affect our reputation. Interruptions in our services might reduce our revenues, cause us to issue refunds to customers for prepaid and unused subscriptions, subject us to service level credit claims and potential liability, or adversely affect our renewal rates.

Because key and substantial portions of our multichannel CRM applications are built on salesforce.com’s Salesforce Platform, we are dependent upon salesforce.com to provide these solutions to our customers and we are bound by the restrictions of our agreement with salesforce.com, which limits the markets to which we may sell our Veeva CRM solution.

Our Veeva CRM application and certain portions of the multichannel CRM applications that complement our Veeva CRM application are developed on or utilize the Salesforce Platform of salesforce.com, and we are dependent upon the continued use of the Salesforce Platform as combined with the proprietary aspects of our multichannel CRM applications.

Our agreement with salesforce.com expires on September 1, 2025. However, salesforce.com has the right to terminate the agreement in certain circumstances, including in the event of a material breach of the agreement by us, or that salesforce.com is subjected to third-party intellectual property infringement claims based on our solutions (except to the extent based on the Salesforce Platform) or our trademarks and we do not remedy such infringement in accordance with the agreement. Also, if we are acquired by specified companies, salesforce.com may terminate the agreement upon notice of not less than 12 months. If salesforce.com terminates our agreement under these circumstances, our customers will be unable to access Veeva CRM and certain other of our multichannel CRM applications. A termination of the agreement would cause us to incur significant time and expense to acquire rights to, or develop, a replacement CRM platform, and we may not be successful in these efforts. Even if we were to successfully acquire or develop a replacement CRM platform, some customers may decide not to adopt the replacement platform and may decide to use a different CRM solution. If we were unsuccessful in acquiring or developing a replacement CRM platform or acquired or developed a replacement CRM platform that our customers do not adopt, our business, operating results and brand may be adversely affected.

Also, if either party elects not to renew the agreement at the end of its September 1, 2025 term or if the agreement is terminated by us as a result of salesforce.com’s breach, the agreement provides for a five-year wind-down period in which we would be able to continue providing the Salesforce Platform as combined with the proprietary aspects of our solutions to our existing customers but would be limited with respect to the number of additional subscriptions we could sell to our existing customers. After the wind-down period, we would no longer be able to use the Salesforce Platform.

Our agreement with salesforce.com provides that we can use the Salesforce Platform as combined with our proprietary Veeva CRM application to sell sales automation solutions only to drug makers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries for human and animal treatments, which does not include the medical device industry or products for non-drug departments of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Sales of the Salesforce Platform in combination with our Veeva CRM application to additional industries would require the review and approval of salesforce.com. Our inability to freely sell our Veeva CRM application outside of drug makers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries may adversely impact our growth.

While our agreement with salesforce.com, subject to certain exceptions including pre-existing arrangements, provides that salesforce.com will not position, develop, promote, invest in, or acquire applications directly competitive to the Veeva CRM application for sales automation that directly target drug makers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry or the pharma/biotech industry, our remedy for a breach of this commitment by salesforce.com would be to terminate the agreement, or continue the agreement but be released from our minimum order commitments from the date of salesforce.com’s breach forward. While our agreement with salesforce.com also restricts salesforce.com from competing with us with respect to sales opportunities for sales automation solutions for the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry unless such competition has been pre-approved by salesforce.com’s senior management based on certain criteria specified in the agreement, and imposes certain limits on salesforce.com from entering into new arrangements after March 3, 2014 that are similar to ours with other parties with respect to sales automation applications for the pharmaceutical and biotechnology


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industry, it does not restrict a salesforce.com customer’s ability (or the ability of salesforce.com on behalf of a specific salesforce.com customer) to customize or configure the Salesforce Platform, and our remedy for a breach of these restrictions by salesforce.com would be to terminate the agreement, or continue the agreement but be released from our minimum order commitments from the date of salesforce.com’s breach forward. Some current or potential customers of ours may choose to build custom solutions using the Salesforce Platform rather than buying our solutions.

Also, salesforce.com recently announced a strategic partnership with Alibaba, a Chinese company, through which Alibaba will become the exclusive provider of Salesforce in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. The timeframe and exact parameters of changes to salesforce.com offerings in the listed regions has not been announced. Our existing agreement with salesforce.com allows us to sell our CRM solutions to drug makers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, and our right to do so is not impacted by the Alibaba partnership. However, our ability to offer our CRM solutions from data centers located in the listed regions may be limited if salesforce.com does not operate data centers in the listed regions in the future and we do not contract for such data center services from Alibaba. If our inability to offer our CRM solutions from data centers located in the listed regions negatively impacts the performance of our solutions in those regions or causes legal compliance concerns, or if customers in the listed regions prefer their CRM solutions to be hosted from local data centers, our business may be negatively affected.

We employ third-party licensed software and software components for use in or with our solutions, and the inability to maintain these licenses or the presence of errors or security vulnerabilities in the software we license could limit the functionality of our products and result in increased costs or reduced service levels, which would adversely affect our business.

In addition to our employment of the Salesforce Platform through our agreement with salesforce.com, our solutions incorporate or use certain third-party software and software components obtained under licenses from other companies. We also use third-party software and tools in the development process for our solutions to manage and monitor our computing infrastructure, and to provide professional services and support our customers. For example, our Veeva CRM Engage Meeting application uses a purpose-built partner tool from Zoom Video Communications, Inc., which is critical to the application's functionality. We anticipate that we will continue to rely on such third-party software and development tools in the future. Although we believe that there are commercially reasonable alternatives to the third-party software we currently license, this may not always be the case, or it may be difficult or costly to replace. In addition and although we maintain a supplier security evaluation process, if the third-party software we use has errors, security vulnerabilities, or otherwise malfunctions, the functionality of our solutions may be negatively impacted, our customers may experience reduced service levels, and our business may suffer.

Our solutions utilize open source software, and any failure to comply with the terms of one or more of these open source licenses could adversely affect our business.

Our solutions include software covered by open source licenses. The terms of various open source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. courts, and there is a risk that such licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to market our solutions. It is possible under the terms of certain open source licenses, if we combine our proprietary software with open source software in a certain manner, that we could be required to release the source code of our proprietary software and make our proprietary software available under open source licenses. In the event that portions of our proprietary software are determined to be subject to an open source license, we could be required to publicly release the affected portions of our source code, re-engineer all or a portion of our solutions, or otherwise be limited in the licensing of our solutions, each of which could reduce or eliminate the value of our solutions. In addition to risks related to license requirements, use of open source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide warranties or controls on the origin of the software. Many of the risks associated with the use of open source software cannot be eliminated and could adversely affect our business.


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Risks Related to Our Financial Performance, How We Contract with Customers, and the Financial Position of Our Business

Our historic growth rates of total revenues and subscription services revenues should not be viewed as indicative of our future performance.

While we have experienced significant revenue growth in prior periods, it is not indicative of our future revenue growth. We expect our longer-term revenue growth rate will decline. In our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our total revenues grew by 33%, 28%, and 25%, respectively, as compared to total revenues from the prior fiscal years. In our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our subscription services revenues grew by 32%, 29%, and 24%, respectively, as compared to subscription services revenues from the prior fiscal years. Please note that our total revenues and subscription services revenues for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020 only included revenue contribution from Crossix and Physicians World in the fourth quarter of that fiscal year. Our total revenues and subscription services revenue growth rates have declined in the past, and we expect them to decline again in the future. If we are unable to maintain consistent revenue growth, it may adversely impact our profitability and the value of our Class A common stock.

Our results may fluctuate from period to period, which could prevent us from meeting our own guidance or security analyst or investor expectations.

Our results of operations, including our revenues, gross margin, operating margin, profitability, cash flows, calculated billings, and deferred revenue, as well as other metrics we may report, may vary from period to period for a variety of reasons, including those listed elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section, and period-to-period comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful. Accordingly, our quarterly results should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Additionally, from time to time, we issue guidance and provide commentary regarding our expectations for certain future financial results and other metrics on both a near-term and long-term basis. Our guidance is based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that are subject to significant business, economic, and competitive uncertainties that are beyond our control and are based upon assumptions about future business and accounting decisions that may change or be wrong. Our guidance may prove to be incorrect, and actual results may differ from our guidance. Fluctuations in our results or failure to achieve our guidance or security analyst or investor expectations, even if not materially, could cause the price of our Class A common stock to decline substantially, and our investors could incur substantial losses.

The majority of our subscription agreements with our customers are for a term of one year. If our existing customers do not renew their subscriptions, or do not buy additional solutions and user subscriptions from us, or renew at lower aggregate fee levels, our business and operating results will suffer.

We derive a significant portion of our revenues from the renewal of existing subscription orders. The majority of our customers’ orders for subscription services have one-year terms. However, more recently and with respect to solutions other than our core Veeva CRM application and particularly with respect to certain of our Vault applications, we have entered into a number of orders with multi-year terms. Our customers have no obligation to renew their subscriptions after their orders expire. Thus, securing the renewal of our subscription orders and selling additional solutions and user subscriptions is critical to our future operating results. Factors that may affect the renewal rate for our solutions and our ability to sell additional solutions and user subscriptions include:

•the price, performance, and functionality of our solutions;

•the effectiveness of our professional services;

•the strength of our business relationships with our customers;

•the availability, price, performance, and functionality of competing solutions and services;

•our ability to develop complementary solutions, applications, and services;

•the stability, performance, and security of our hosting infrastructure and hosting services; and

•the business environment of our customers and, in particular, acquisitions of or business combinations between our customers or other business developments that may result in reductions in user subscriptions.

In addition, our customers may negotiate terms less advantageous to us upon renewal, which could reduce our revenues from these customers. As a customer’s total spend on Veeva solutions increases, we expect purchasing


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scrutiny at renewal to increase as well, which may result in reductions in user subscriptions or increased pricing pressure. Other factors that are not within our control may contribute to a reduction in our subscription services revenues. For instance, our customers may reduce their number of sales representatives, which would result in a corresponding reduction in the number of user subscriptions needed for some of our solutions and thus a lower aggregate renewal fee, or our customers may discontinue clinical trials for which our solutions are being used. If our customers fail to renew their subscription orders, renew their subscription orders with less favorable terms or at lower fee levels, or fail to purchase new solutions, applications, or professional services from us, our revenues may decline or our future revenues may be constrained.

As our costs increase, we may not be able to sustain the level of profitability we have achieved in the past.

We expect our future expenses to increase as we continue to invest in and grow our business. We expect to incur significant future expenditures related to:

•developing new solutions and enhancing our existing solutions, including additional data acquisition costs associated with our Veeva Data Cloud offering and investment in our product development teams;

•improving the technology infrastructure, scalability, availability, security, and support for our solutions;

•sales and marketing, including expansion of our direct sales organization and global marketing programs;

•expansion of our professional services organization;

•pending, threatened, or future legal proceedings, certain of which are described in Part I, Item 3. “Legal Proceedings” and note 15 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements, and which we expect to continue to result in significant expense for the foreseeable future;

•international expansion;

•acquisitions and investments; and

•general operations, IT systems, facilities, and administration, including legal and accounting expenses.

If our efforts to increase revenues and manage our expenses are not successful, or if we incur costs, damages, fines, settlements, or judgments as a result of other risks and uncertainties described in this report, we may not be able to sustain or increase our historical levels of profitability.

Our revenues and gross margin from professional services fees are volatile and may not increase from quarter to quarter or at all.

We derive a significant portion of our revenue from professional services fees. Our professional services revenues fluctuate from quarter to quarter as a result of the requirements, complexity, and timing of our customers’ implementation projects. Generally, a customer’s ongoing need for professional services decreases as the implementation and full deployment of our solutions is completed. Our customers may also choose to use third parties rather than us for certain professional services related to our solutions. As a result of these and other factors, our professional services revenues may not increase on a quarterly basis in the future or at all. Additionally, the gross margin generated from professional services fees fluctuates based on a number of factors which may vary from period to period, including the average billable hours worked by our billable professional services personnel, our average hourly rates for professional services and the margin on professional services subcontracted to our third-party systems integrator partners. As a result of these and other factors, the gross margin from our professional services may not increase on a quarterly basis in the future or at all.

Because we recognize subscription services revenues ratably over the term of an order for our subscription services, it may be difficult to evaluate our future financial performance.

We generally recognize subscription services revenues ratably over the term of an order under our subscription agreements. As a result, a substantial majority of our quarterly subscription services revenues are generated from subscription agreements entered into during prior periods. Consequently, a decline in new subscriptions in any quarter may not affect our results of operations in that quarter but could reduce our revenues in future quarters. Additionally, the timing of renewals or non-renewals of a subscription agreement during any quarter may only affect our financial performance in future quarters. For example, the non-renewal of a subscription agreement late in a quarter will have minimal impact on revenues for that quarter but will reduce our revenues in future quarters.


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Accordingly, the effect of significant declines in sales and customer acceptance of our solutions may not be reflected in our short-term results of operations, which would make these reported results less indicative of our future financial results. By contrast, a non-renewal occurring early in a quarter may have a significant negative impact on revenues for that quarter and we may not be able to offset a decline in revenues due to the non-renewal with revenues from new subscription agreements entered into in the same quarter.

Additionally, with respect to certain of our multi-year orders in which fees increase from year to year, we recognize ratably the total contracted revenue for the entire multi-year term of the order. As a result, in the initial year of such orders, we will recognize more revenue than the fees we invoice for the same period, and in the last year of such orders, we will recognize less revenue than the fees we invoice for the same period. Moreover, such multi-year orders could renew at fees greater than the revenue that was recognized in the last year of the order, which could result in fluctuations in our financial results. We may also be exposed to impaired contract assets if, for example, a customer terminated an otherwise non-cancelable multi-year contract for cause. Therefore, our reported results could be less indicative of the actual health of our business at the time revenue is reported.

Deferred revenue and change in deferred revenue may not be accurate indicators of our future financial results.

Our subscription orders are generally billed at the beginning of the subscription period in annual or quarterly increments, which means the annualized value of such orders may not be completely reflected in deferred revenue at any single point in time. Many of our customers, including many of our large customers, are billed on a quarterly basis and therefore a substantial portion of the value of contracts billed on a quarterly basis will not be reflected in our deferred revenue at the end of any given quarter. Also, particularly with respect to our Veeva Commercial Cloud orders, because the term of orders for additional end users or applications is commonly less than one year, the annualized value of such orders may not be completely reflected in deferred revenue at any single point in time. We have also agreed from time to time, and may agree in the future, to allow customers to change the renewal dates of their orders to, for example, align more closely with a customer’s annual budget process or to align with the renewal dates of other orders placed by other entities within the same corporate control group, or to change payment terms from annual to quarterly, or vice versa. Such changes typically result in an order of less than one year to align all orders to the desired renewal date and, thus, may result in a lesser increase to deferred revenue than if the adjustment had not occurred. Additionally, changes in renewal dates may change the fiscal quarter in which deferred revenue associated with a particular order is booked. Accordingly, we do not believe that changes on a quarterly basis in deferred revenue, unbilled accounts receivable, or calculated billings, a metric commonly cited by financial analysts, are accurate indicators of the underlying momentum of our business or future revenues. We believe that our subscription revenue guidance and calculated billings guidance for the full fiscal year are the best indicators of the momentum of our business or future revenues. Please note that we define the term calculated billings for any period to mean revenue for the period plus the change in deferred revenue from the immediately preceding period minus the change in unbilled accounts receivable from the immediately preceding period. However, many companies that provide cloud-based software report changes in deferred revenue or calculated billings as key operating or financial metrics, and it is possible that analysts or investors may view these metrics as important. Thus, any changes in our deferred revenue balances or deferred revenue trends, or in the future, our unbilled accounts receivable balances or trends, could adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock.

Taxing authorities may successfully assert that we should have collected or in the future should collect sales and use, value added, or similar transactional taxes, and we could be subject to liability with respect to past or future sales, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

We do not collect sales and use, value added or similar transactional taxes in all jurisdictions in which we have sales but no physical presence, based on our determination that such taxes are not applicable or that we are not required to collect such taxes with respect to the jurisdiction. Sales and use, value added and similar tax laws and rates vary greatly by jurisdiction. Certain jurisdictions in which we do not collect and remit such taxes may assert that such taxes are applicable, which could result in tax assessments, penalties and interest, and we may be required to collect such taxes in the future. Such tax assessments, penalties and interest or future requirements, including based on changes in tax laws, may adversely affect our results of operations. We believe that our financial statements reflect adequate reserves to cover such a contingency, but there can be no assurances in that regard.


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Unanticipated changes in our effective tax rate and additional tax liabilities, including as a result of our international operations or implementation of new tax rules, could harm our future results.

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. Our domestic and international tax liabilities are subject to the allocation of expenses in differing jurisdictions and complex transfer pricing regulations administered by taxing authorities in these jurisdictions. Tax rates may change as a result of factors outside of our control or relevant taxing authorities may disagree with our determinations as to the income and expenses attributable to specific jurisdictions. In addition, changes in tax and trade laws, treaties or regulations, or their interpretation or enforcement, have become more unpredictable and may become more stringent, which could have a material adverse effect on our tax position. Forecasting our estimated annual effective tax rate is complex and subject to uncertainty, and there may be material differences between our forecasted and actual tax rates. Moreover, increases in our effective tax rate would reduce our profitability.

Our tax provision could also be impacted by changes in accounting principles and changes in U.S. federal and state or international tax laws applicable to multinational corporations. For example, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (Tax Act) significantly changed how the U.S. Department of Treasury imposes income taxes on U.S. corporations. We made significant judgments and assumptions in the interpretation of this new law and in our calculations reflected in our financial statements. Furthermore, on June 29, 2020, California Governor Newsom signed Assembly Bill No. 85 as part of the California 2020 Budget Act, which temporarily suspends the use of California net operating losses and imposes a limitation on the amount of business incentive tax credits that may impact our tax liabilities in future periods.

Any changes in taxing jurisdictions' administrative interpretations, decisions, policies, and positions could also impact our tax liabilities. The overall tax environment has made it increasingly challenging for multinational corporations to operate with certainty about taxation in many jurisdictions. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, which represents a coalition of member countries, is supporting changes to numerous long-standing tax rules, including changes to the practice of shifting profits among affiliated entities located in different tax jurisdictions. Additionally, certain countries in the European Union, as well as India, have enacted or are proposing various forms of non-income based taxes, such as a Digital Service Tax. Generally, such a tax is based on a percentage of gross revenue associated with digital service transactions. The increasingly complex global tax environment could have a material adverse effect on our effective tax rate, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition.

Finally, we have been, and may be in the future, subject to income tax audits throughout the world. We believe our income, employment, and transactional tax liabilities are reasonably estimated and accounted for in accordance with applicable laws and principles, but an adverse resolution of one or more uncertain tax positions in any period could have a material impact on the results of operations for that period.

Currency exchange fluctuations may negatively impact our financial results.

Some of our international agreements provide for payment denominated in local currencies, and the majority of our local costs are denominated in local currencies. As we continue to expand our operations in countries outside the United States, an increasing proportion of our revenues and expenditures in the future may be denominated in foreign currencies. Fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies may impact our operating results when translated into U.S. dollars. Thus, our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the Euro, British Pound Sterling, Japanese Yen, and Chinese Yuan, and may be adversely affected in the future due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Changes in exchange rates may negatively affect our revenues and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars in the future. Further, we have experienced and will continue to experience fluctuations in our net income as a result of transaction gains or losses related to revaluing certain current asset and current liability balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded.

We engage in the hedging of our foreign currency transactions and may, in the future, hedge selected significant transactions or net monetary exposure positions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The use of such hedging activities may not offset any or more than a portion of the adverse financial effects of unfavorable movements in foreign exchange rates over the limited time the hedges are in place. Moreover, the use of hedging instruments may introduce additional risks if we are unable to structure effective hedges with such instruments.


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If we are unable to implement and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports.

As a public company, we are required to maintain internal controls over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Sarbanes-Oxley Act) requires that we evaluate and determine the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and provide a management report on internal controls over financial reporting. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act also requires that our management report on internal controls over financial reporting be attested to by our independent registered public accounting firm.

We must continue to monitor and assess our internal control over financial reporting. If in the future we have any material weaknesses, we may not detect errors on a timely basis and our financial statements may be materially misstated. Additionally, if in the future we are unable to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner, are unable to assert that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, identify material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the market price of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected, and we could become subject to investigations by the NYSE, the SEC, or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.

We have broad discretion in the use of our cash balances and may not use them effectively.

We have broad discretion in the use of our cash balances and may not use them effectively. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could adversely affect our business and financial condition. Pending their use, we may invest our cash balances in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value. Our investments may not yield a favorable return to our investors and may negatively impact the price of our Class A common stock.

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

We have been and may in the future be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights or misappropriation of intellectual property, and we may suffer damages or other harm from such proceedings.

There is considerable patent and other intellectual property development activity in our industry. Our competitors, as well as a number of other entities and individuals including so-called non-practicing entities, or NPEs, may own or claim to own intellectual property relating to our solutions. From time to time, third parties may claim that we are infringing upon their intellectual property rights or that we have misappropriated their intellectual property. For example, since January 2017, we have been defending against assertions of trade secret misappropriation made by our competitors, Medidata and IQVIA, as described in note 15 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements. As competition in our market grows, the possibility of patent infringement and other intellectual property claims against us increases. In the future, we expect others to claim that our solutions and underlying technology infringe or violate their intellectual property rights. We may be unaware of the intellectual property rights that others may claim cover some or all of our technology or services. Any claims or litigation have caused and in the future could cause us to incur significant expenses and, if successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages or ongoing royalty payments, prevent us from offering our services, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. We may also be obligated to indemnify our customers or business partners or pay substantial settlement costs, including royalty payments, in connection with any such claim or litigation and to obtain licenses, modify applications, or refund fees, which could be costly. Any litigation regarding our intellectual property could be costly and time-consuming and divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations even if we were to ultimately prevail in such litigation.

Any failure to protect our intellectual property rights could impair our ability to protect our proprietary technology and our brand.

Our success and ability to compete depend in part upon our intellectual property. As of January 31, 2021, we have filed numerous domestic and foreign patent applications and have been issued 33 U.S. patents and 11 international patents. We also rely on copyright, trade secret and trademark laws, trade secret protection and confidentiality or


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license agreements with our employees, customers, partners, and others to protect our intellectual property rights. However, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property rights may be inadequate.

In order to protect our intellectual property rights, we may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect these rights. Litigation brought to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could be costly, time-consuming and distracting to management, and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights. Negative publicity related to a decision by us to initiate such enforcement actions against a customer or former customer, regardless of its accuracy, may adversely impact our other customer relationships or prospective customer relationships, harm our brand and business, and could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline. Our failure to secure, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights could adversely affect our brand and our business.

Risks Related to our Status as a Public Benefit Corporation and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

Our conversion to a Delaware public benefit corporation may not result in the benefits that we anticipate, requires our directors to balance the interest of stockholders with other interests, and may subject us to legal uncertainty and other risks.

On February 1, 2021, after approval by our stockholders, we became a Delaware public benefit corporation (PBC). There are a very limited number of publicly traded PBCs, we are the first publicly traded company to convert to a PBC, and we are the largest publicly traded company, as measured by revenue or market capitalization, to operate as a PBC. As a PBC, we have unique legal obligations. We are required to adopt and include in our certificate of incorporation a public benefit purpose that is intended to have positive effects on a category of persons, entities or communities other than stockholder financial interest. Our public benefit purpose is to provide products and services that are intended to help make the industries we serve more productive, and to create high-quality employment opportunities in the communities in which we operate. Further, as a PBC, our Board is required to balance our stockholders' pecuniary (financial) interests, the best interests of those materially affected by our conduct, and pursuit of our public benefit purpose. We have identified those materially affected by our conduct (which we refer to as stakeholders) as including our customers, our employees, our partners, and the communities in which we operate.

We believe that operating as a PBC is beneficial to our business and consistent with the long-term interests of stockholders, but the benefits we anticipate from operating as a PBC may not materialize within the timeframe we expect or at all, or there may be negative effects. Further, we may be unable or slow to achieve the public benefits we have identified or we may make balancing determinations that are ultimately harmful to our business or to stockholders, which could adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations and cause our stock price to decline.

In the event of a conflict between the interests of our stockholders, our stakeholders, and our public benefit purpose, our directors must only make an informed and disinterested decision, and not such that no person of ordinary, sound judgment would approve. Our directors have significant latitude under this standard and there is no guarantee that a conflict would be resolved in favor of our stockholders. This balancing obligation may allow our directors to make decisions that they could not have made pursuant to the fiduciary duties applicable prior to our PBC conversion, and such decisions may not maximize short-term stockholder value. For instance, in a sale of control transaction, our board of directors would be required to consider and balance the factors listed above and might choose to accept an offer that does not maximize short-term stockholder value due to its consideration of other factors.

Further, there is limited legal precedent or guidance regarding how to administer our obligation to balance the interests of stockholders, stakeholders, and the pursuit of our public benefit purpose. While we expect that, in large part, traditional Delaware corporation law principles and the application of those principles in case law—including those related to self-dealing, conflicts of interest, and the application of the business judgment rule—will continue to apply with respect to Delaware PBCs, there is currently limited case law involving PBCs, which may create legal uncertainty or additional litigation risk until additional case law develops. Stockholders of a Delaware PBC (if they, individually or collectively, own at least the lesser of two percent of the company's outstanding shares or shares with a market value of at least $2 million) may file suit to enforce the balancing obligation. Any such lawsuit might be a


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distraction to our management and board of directors, and could be costly, which may have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

As a PBC, we are required to disclose to stockholders a report at least biennially on that includes our assessment of our success in achieving our specific public benefit purpose, and we have committed to providing this report annually and making it publicly available. If we are not timely or are unable to provide this report, or if the report is not viewed favorably, our reputation and status as a public benefit corporation may be harmed.

While we do not view the additional reporting obligations of a PBC to be onerous, Delaware's PBC statute may be amended in the future to require more explicit or burdensome periodic reporting requirements and that could increase our expenses. In addition, if the public perceives that we are not successful in our public benefit purpose, or that our pursuit of our public benefit purpose is having a negative effect on the financial interests of our stockholders, that perception could negatively affect our reputation, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our Class A common stock price has been and will likely continue to be volatile.

The trading price of our Class A common stock has been and will likely continue to be volatile for the foreseeable future. In addition, the trading prices of the securities of technology companies have been highly volatile. Accordingly, the market price of our Class A common stock is likely to be subject to wide fluctuations in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. In addition to those risks described in this “Risk Factors” section, other factors could impact the value of our common stock, including:

•fluctuations in the valuation of companies perceived by investors to be comparable to us, such as high-growth or cloud companies, or in valuation metrics, such as our price to revenues ratio;

•overall performance of the stock market;

•changes in our financial, operating or other metrics, regardless of whether we consider those metrics as reflective of the current state or long-term prospects of our business, and how those results compare to securities analyst expectations, including whether those results fail to meet, exceed, or significantly exceed securities analyst expectations;

•changes in the forward-looking estimates of our financial, operating, or other metrics, how those estimates compare to securities analyst expectations, or changes in recommendations by securities analysts that follow our Class A common stock;

•announcements of customer additions and customer cancellations or delays in customer purchases;

•the net increase in the number of customers, either independently or as compared to published expectations of industry, financial, or other analysts that cover us;

•announcements by us or by our competitors of technological innovations, new solutions, enhancements to services, strategic alliances, or significant agreements;

•announcements by us or by our competitors of mergers or other strategic acquisitions or rumors of such transactions;

•the economy as a whole and market conditions within our industry and the industries of our customers;

•macroeconomic and geopolitical factors and instability and volatility in the global financial markets, including uncertainty surrounding the effects of COVID-19;

•the operating performance and market value of other comparable companies;

•securities or industry analysts downgrading our Class A common stock or publishing inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business;

•trading activity by directors, executive officers (in particular our Chief Executive Officer who holds a significant portion of our outstanding common stock), and other significant stockholders, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell their shares; and

•any other factors discussed herein.

In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock market in general experiences uneven investor confidence, the market price of our Class A common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business,


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operating results, or financial condition. The market price of our Class A common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies within, or outside, our industry even if these events do not directly affect us. Some companies that have experienced volatility in the trading price of their stock have been the subject of securities class action litigation. If we are the subject of such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.

The dual-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting control with certain individuals and their affiliates, which will limit or preclude the ability of our investors to influence corporate matters and could depress the market value of our Class A common stock.

Our Class B common stock has ten votes per share, and our Class A common stock has one vote per share. As of January 31, 2021, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Peter Gassner, holds approximately 45.7% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock and holders of our Class B common stock hold approximately 52.2% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock in the aggregate. Holders of our Class B common stock collectively control a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock and, assuming no material sales of such shares, will be able to control matters submitted to our stockholders for approval until October 15, 2023, including the election of directors, amendments of our organizational documents, and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other major corporate transaction. This concentrated control will limit or preclude our investors’ ability to influence corporate matters while the dual-class structure is in effect. In addition, this may prevent or discourage unsolicited acquisition proposals or offers for our capital stock or may adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock.

S&P Dow Jones and FTSE Russell have announced changes to their eligibility criteria for inclusion of shares of public companies with multiple classes of stock on certain indices, including the S&P 500. While this has not affected the inclusion of Veeva’s Class A common stock in these indices to date, eligibility criteria of these indices and others may change in the future. In addition, several stockholder advisory firms have announced their opposition to the use of multiple class structures. As a result, the dual-class structure of our common stock may prevent the inclusion of our Class A common stock in such indices and may cause stockholder advisory firms to publish negative commentary about our corporate governance practices or otherwise seek to cause us to change our capital structure. Any such exclusion from indices could result in a less active trading market for our Class A common stock. Any actions or publications by stockholder advisory firms or other third-party ratings agencies critical of our corporate governance practices, capital structure, or other business practices could also adversely affect the value of our Class A common stock.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our capital stock for the foreseeable future, so any returns will be limited to changes in the value of our Class A common stock.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings for the development, operation, and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. In addition, our ability to pay cash dividends on our capital stock may be prohibited or limited by the terms of any future debt financing arrangement. Any return to stockholders will therefore be limited to the increase, if any, of the price of our Class A common stock.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law might discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management and, therefore, depress the market price of our Class A common stock.

Our restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that could depress the market price of our Class A common stock by acting to discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management that the stockholders of our company may deem advantageous. These provisions among other things:

•provide for a dual-class common stock structure until October 15, 2023, which gives our Chief Executive Officer and certain of our holders and their respective affiliates the ability to control the outcome of all matters requiring stockholder approval, even if they own significantly less than a majority of the shares of our outstanding Class A and Class B common stock;

•permit our board of directors to establish the number of directors;

•provide that directors may only be removed with the approval of 66-2/3% of our stockholders;


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•require super-majority voting to amend some provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws;

•authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that our board of directors could use to implement a stockholder rights plan;

•eliminate the ability of our stockholders to call special meetings of stockholders;

•require our board of directors to consider and balance our stockholders' pecuniary (financial) interests, the best interests of those materially affected by our conduct, and the pursuit of our public benefit purpose, which may, in turn, allow our board of directors to make a decision about a change of control transaction that does not maximize short-term stockholder value;

•prohibit stockholder action by written consent, which requires all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders;

•provide that the board of directors is expressly authorized to make, alter, or repeal our amended and restated bylaws; and

•establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at annual stockholder meetings.

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our company. Section 203 imposes certain restrictions on merger, business combinations, and other transactions between us and holders of 15% or more of our common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide for exclusive forums for certain disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

Our certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty, any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Our bylaws also provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the Securities Act, such a provision known as a “Federal Forum Provision.” Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our shares of capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to these provisions.

These choice of forum provisions may limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees and may discourage these types of lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our certificate of incorporation or bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results, and financial condition.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.

We own our Pleasanton, California corporate headquarters, which currently accommodates our principal executive and significant portions of our product development, engineering, marketing, finance, and legal organizations. We expect that our corporate headquarters will support the overall growth of our business for the near term.

We also lease offices in various locations, including North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Latin America. We expect to expand our facilities capacity in certain field locations during our fiscal year ending January 31, 2022 and may further expand our facilities capacity after January 31, 2022 as our employee base grows. We believe that we will be able to obtain additional space on commercially reasonable terms. See note 11 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information about our lease commitments.


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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

From time to time, we may be involved in legal proceedings and subject to claims incident to the ordinary course of business. For information regarding certain current legal proceedings, see note 15 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference. In addition to the legal proceedings referenced in note 15, we are involved in the following additional legal proceedings which may be material to our business.

California Non-Compete Matter

On July 17, 2017, we filed a complaint in the Superior Court of the State of California in the County of Alameda against Medidata, IQVIA, and Sparta Systems, Inc. (Veeva Systems Inc. v. Medidata Solutions, Inc., Quintiles IMS Incorporated, IMS Software Services, LTD., and Sparta Systems, Inc., Case No. RG17868081). Our lawsuit seeks declaratory and injunctive relief concerning the use of non-compete, confidentiality, and non-disparagement agreements by these companies. Since the original complaint was filed, there has been extensive motion practice. Medidata and Sparta have appealed the superior court’s decisions finding that the case may proceed, and Veeva has cross-appealed. The court has not ruled on these appeals.

On October 31, 2019, as to Veeva's claims against IQVIA, the trial court's earlier dismissal was reversed by the court of appeals and the case was reassigned to a new trial court judge. On February 26, 2020, IQVIA answered our complaint. Discovery is proceeding.

Although the results of legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe we are not currently a party to any other legal proceedings, the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, or financial position. Regardless of the outcome, such proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of resources and other factors, and there can be no assurances that favorable outcomes will be obtained.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

PART II.

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Market Price of Class A Common Stock

Our Class A common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “VEEV.”

Stockholders

As of January 31, 2021, we had 10 holders of record of our Class A common stock and 41 holders of record of our Class B common stock. The actual number of holders of Class A common stock is greater than this number of record holders and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

None.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.


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Stock Performance Graph

This performance graph shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), or incorporated by reference into any of our other filings under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.

This chart compares the cumulative total return on our common stock with that of the S&P 500 Index and the S&P 1500 Application Software Index. The chart assumes $100 was invested at the close of market on January 31, 2016 in the Class A common stock of Veeva Systems Inc., the S&P 500 Index, and the S&P 1500 Application Software Index and assumes the reinvestment of any dividends. The stock price performance on the following graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.


	January 31,
	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021


Veeva Systems Inc.	100.00	175.64	260.83	452.53	608.34	1,147.05
S&P 500	100.00	120.04	151.74	148.23	180.37	211.48
S&P 1500 Application Software Index	100.00	126.71	187.47	227.35	307.71	405.77


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ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA.

The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which are included elsewhere in this Form 10‑K. The consolidated statement of income data for our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of January 31, 2021 and 2020 are derived from, and are qualified by reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K. The consolidated statement of income data for fiscal years ended January 31, 2018 and 2017 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of January 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 are derived from audited consolidated financial statements which are not included in this Form 10‑K. The consolidated balance sheet data as of January 31, 2018 and 2017 and consolidated statement of income data for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2018 and 2017 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements adjusted for the adoption of Topic 606. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of our future results. The selected consolidated financial data in this section are not intended to replace our consolidated financial statements and the related notes, and are qualified in their entirety by the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017

	(in thousands, except share data)
Revenues:
Subscription services	$	1,179,486	$	896,294	$	694,467	$	559,434	$	440,815
Professional services and other	285,583		207,787		167,743		131,125		109,727
Total revenues	1,465,069		1,104,081		862,210		690,559		550,542
Cost of revenues(1):
Cost of subscription services	184,589		136,328		117,009		110,465		94,386
Cost of professional services and other	224,339		167,041		128,272		100,957		79,295
Total cost of revenues	408,928		303,369		245,281		211,422		173,681
Gross profit	1,056,141		800,712		616,929		479,137		376,861
Operating expenses(1):
Research and development	294,220		209,895		158,783		132,017		96,743
Sales and marketing	235,014		190,331		148,867		128,781		110,634
General and administrative	149,113		114,267		86,413		60,410		48,796
Total operating expenses	678,347		514,493		394,063		321,208		256,173
Operating income	377,794		286,219		222,866		157,929		120,688
Other income, net	16,199		27,478		15,777		7,842		1,667
Income before income taxes	393,993		313,697		238,643		165,771		122,355
Provision for income taxes	13,995		12,579		8,811		14,594		44,783
Net income	$	379,998	$	301,118	$	229,832	$	151,177	$	77,572
Net income, basic and diluted	$	379,998	$	301,118	$	229,832	$	151,177	$	77,569
Net income per share:
Basic	$	2.52	$	2.04	$	1.59	$	1.08	$	0.57
Diluted	$	2.36	$	1.90	$	1.47	$	0.98	$	0.53
Weighted-average shares used to compute net income per share:
Basic	150,666		147,796		144,244		140,311		135,698
Diluted	160,732		158,296		156,117		153,681		147,578


(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Cost of revenues:
Cost of subscription services	$	4,840	$	2,638	$	1,553	$	1,448	$	1,109
Cost of professional services and other	27,698		17,518		10,575		8,476		6,002
Research and development	63,541		37,001		22,138		17,782		11,937
Sales and marketing	40,574		27,537		18,381		16,288		13,271
General and administrative	48,348		31,212		23,778		10,055		8,479
Total stock-based compensation	$	185,001	$	115,906	$	76,425	$	54,049	$	40,798


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	January 31,
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017

	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	730,504	$	476,733	$	550,971	$	320,183	$	217,606
Short-term investments	933,122		610,015		539,190		441,779		301,266
Working capital	1,594,874		979,952		1,032,392		706,252		472,885
Total assets	3,046,067		2,271,777		1,653,766		1,230,333		938,946
Deferred revenue	616,992		468,887		356,357		266,939		208,558
Additional paid-in capital	965,670		745,475		617,623		515,272		439,658
Total stockholders' equity	2,266,320		1,665,594		1,237,749		906,238		678,154

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors. We discuss factors that we believe could cause or contribute to these differences below and elsewhere in this report, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Overview

In our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, we derived approximately 51% and 49% of our subscription services revenues and 49% and 51% of our total revenues from our Veeva Commercial Cloud solutions and Veeva Vault solutions, respectively. For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020, we derived approximately 52% and 48% of our subscription services revenues and 49% and 51% of our total revenues from our Veeva Commercial Cloud solutions and Veeva Vault solutions, respectively. The contribution of subscription services revenues and total revenues associated with our Veeva Vault solutions are expected to continue to increase as a percentage of subscription services revenues and total revenues in the future. Please note that revenues attributable to our Crossix and Physicians World businesses, which we acquired in November 2019, are classified under Veeva Commercial Cloud and impacted the mix of revenues between Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Vault. We also offer certain of our Veeva Vault solutions to three industries outside the life sciences industry primarily in North America and Europe.

For our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our total revenues were $1,465 million, $1,104 million, and $862 million, respectively, representing year-over-year growth in total revenues of 33% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, and 28% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2020. For our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our subscription services revenues were $1,179 million, $896 million, and $694 million, respectively, representing year-over-year growth in subscription services revenues of 32% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, and 29% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2020. Please note that our total revenues and subscription services revenues for our fiscal year ended January 31, 2020 only included revenue contribution from the acquired Crossix and Physicians World businesses in the fourth quarter of that fiscal year. We expect the growth rate of our total revenues and subscription services revenues to decline in the future. We generated net income of $380 million, $301 million, and $230 million for our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.


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As of January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we served 993, 861, and 719, customers, respectively. As of January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we had 432, 390 and 335 Veeva Commercial Cloud customers, respectively, and 852, 715, and 574 Veeva Vault customers, respectively. The combined customer counts for Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Vault exceed the total customer count in each year because some customers subscribe to products in both areas. Veeva Commercial Cloud customers are those customers that have at least one of the following products: Veeva CRM, Veeva CLM, Veeva CRM Approved Email, Veeva CRM Engage, Veeva Align, Veeva CRM Events Management (including services delivered via Veeva Digital Events), Veeva Nitro, Veeva Andi, Veeva OpenData, Veeva Link, Veeva Network Customer Master, Veeva Crossix, or Veeva Data Cloud. Veeva Vault customers are those customers that have at least one Vault product. Many of our Veeva Vault applications are used by smaller, earlier stage pre-commercial companies, some of which may not reach the commercialization stage. Thus, the potential number of Veeva Vault customers is significantly higher than the potential number of Veeva Commercial Cloud customers.

On November 1, 2019, we completed our acquisition of Crossix, a provider of privacy-safe patient data and data analytics. Crossix brings Veeva additional depth in patient data and data analytics. Crossix's existing data analytics offerings are complementary to our existing Commercial Cloud offerings, and we are utilizing the Crossix Data Platform to build Veeva Data Cloud, our longitudinal patient and prescriber data offering. Further, on November 7, 2019, we completed our acquisition of Physicians World, a provider of speakers bureau services for healthcare professionals. Acquiring Physicians World makes it easier for our customers to get industry leading cloud software and services from a single vendor. We consider these businesses fully integrated into Veeva as of January 31, 2021.

Recent Development

On February 1, 2021, we became a Delaware public benefit corporation (PBC), and we amended our certificate of incorporation to include the following public benefit purpose: “to provide products and services that are intended to help make the industries we serve more productive, and to create high-quality employment opportunities in the communities in which we operate.” When making decisions, our directors have a fiduciary duty to balance the financial interests of stockholders, the best interests of other stakeholders materially affected by our conduct (including customers, employees, partners, and the communities in which we operate), and the pursuit of our public benefit purpose. For more information on our conversion to a PBC and associated risks, see “Business” and “Risk Factors.”

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, we shifted most of our customer, employee, and industry events to virtual-only experiences for our fiscal year ending January 31, 2021. We will continue to monitor events related to the pandemic and plan to continue the same approach for our fiscal year ending January 31, 2022. We have also implemented employee travel restrictions and, as of the time of this filing, for many of our U.S. offices, including our corporate headquarters in Pleasanton, California, we have recommended that most employees work from home and the substantial majority of employees continue to do so. Many of our customers have implemented similar measures, which may limit our ability to sell or provide professional services to them over time. Customers may delay or cancel purchasing decisions or professional services projects in light of uncertainties to their businesses arising from COVID-19 or may renew their subscriptions at lower levels. In our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, our recently acquired Crossix and Physicians World businesses were negatively impacted by COVID-19, and sales to certain other customer segments were and may continue to be negatively impacted as well, including sales to cosmetics companies. We may also experience requests from customers for lengthened payment terms or less favorable billing terms that could adversely impact our financial performance. Such requests to date have not been significant but may increase in the future. Due to our subscription-based business model, the effect of COVID-19, and any impact to our sales efforts, may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods, if at all.


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At the same time, COVID-19 has necessitated the adoption of digital communication channels and remote working technology within the life sciences industry at a rapid pace. This transition has accelerated the use and adoption of certain of our applications, including Veeva CRM Engage Meeting and Veeva CRM Approved Email, and that may continue in the future with respect to these and other of our Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Vault solutions that enable remote interactions. For instance, from March 2020 until December 31, 2020, we allowed customers to use Veeva CRM Engage Meeting free of charge to facilitate the ability for life sciences personnel to meet remotely with healthcare professionals. A significant number of customers adopted and began use of Veeva CRM Engage Meeting for the first time during this period, and we observed a dramatic increase in the volume of virtual meetings with healthcare professionals via Veeva CRM Engage Meeting over the same time period. At the end of the free use period, we saw very high conversion rates to paid subscriptions by the customers who were using Veeva Engage Meeting without charge during the free use period.

Key Factors Affecting Our Performance

Investment in Growth

We have invested and intend to continue to invest aggressively in expanding the breadth and depth of our product portfolio, including through acquisitions. We expect to continue to invest in research and development to expand existing solutions and build new solutions; in sales and marketing to promote our solutions to new and existing customers and in existing and expanded geographies and industries; in professional services and business consulting to help ensure customer success; and in other operational and administrative functions to support our expected growth. We expect that our headcount will increase as a result of these investments. We also expect our total operating expenses will continue to increase over time, which could have a negative impact on our operating margin.

Adoption of Our Solutions by Existing and New Customers

Most of our customers initially deploy our solutions to a limited number of end users within a division or geography and may only initially deploy a limited set of our available solutions. Our future growth is dependent upon our existing customers’ continued success and their renewals of subscriptions to our solutions, expanded deployment of our solutions within their organizations, and their purchase of subscriptions to additional solutions. Our growth is also dependent on the adoption of our solutions by new customers.

Subscription Services Revenue Retention Rate

A key factor to our success is the renewal and expansion of our existing subscription agreements with our customers. We calculate our annual subscription services revenue retention rate for a particular fiscal year by dividing (i) annualized subscription revenue as of the last day of that fiscal year from those customers that were also customers as of the last day of the prior fiscal year by (ii) the annualized subscription revenue from all customers as of the last day of the prior fiscal year. Annualized subscription revenue is calculated by multiplying the daily subscription revenue recognized on the last day of the fiscal year by 365. This calculation includes the impact on our revenues from customer non-renewals, deployments of additional users or decreases in users, deployments of additional solutions or discontinued use of solutions by our customers, and price changes for our solutions.


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Historically, the impact of price changes on our subscription services revenue retention rate has been minimal. For our fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our subscription services revenue retention rate was 124%, 121%, and 122%, respectively.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenues

We derive our revenues primarily from subscription services fees and professional services fees. Subscription services revenues consist of fees from customers accessing our cloud-based software solutions and fees for our data solutions. Professional services and other revenues consist primarily of fees from implementation services, configuration, data services, training, and managed services related to our solutions and services related to our Veeva Business Consulting offerings. For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, subscription services revenues constituted 81% of total revenues and professional services and other revenues constituted 19% of total revenues.

We generally enter into master subscription agreements with our customers and count each distinct master subscription agreement that has not been terminated or expired and that has orders for which we have recognized revenue in the quarter as a distinct customer for purposes of determining our total number of current customers as of the end of that quarter. We generally enter into a single master subscription agreement with each customer, although in some instances, affiliated legal entities within the same corporate family may enter into separate master subscription agreements. Conversely, affiliated legal entities that maintain distinct master service agreements may choose to consolidate their orders under a single master service agreement, and, in that circumstance, our customer count would decrease. Divisions, subsidiaries, and operating units of our customers often place distinct orders for our subscription services under the same master subscription agreement, and we do not count such distinct orders as new customers for purposes of determining our total customer count. For purposes of determining customers of Veeva Crossix that do not contract under a master subscription agreement, we count each entity that has a statement of work or services agreement and a recurring known payment obligation as a distinct customer if such entity is not otherwise a customer of ours.

New subscription orders for our core Veeva CRM application generally have a one-year term. If a customer adds end users or additional Veeva Commercial Cloud applications to an existing order for our core Veeva CRM application, such additional orders will generally be coterminous with the anniversary date of the core Veeva CRM order, and as a result, orders for additional end users or additional Veeva Commercial Cloud applications will commonly have an initial term of less than one year.

With respect to applications other than our core Veeva CRM application and particularly with respect to our Veeva Vault applications, we have entered into a number of orders with multi-year terms. The fees associated with such orders are typically not based on the number of end-users and typically escalate over the term of such orders at a pre-agreed rate to account for, among other factors, implementation and adoption timing and planned increased usage by the customer. There are timing differences between billings and revenue recognition with respect to certain of our multi-year orders with escalating fees which will result in fluctuations in deferred revenue and unbilled accounts receivable balances. For instance, when the amounts we are entitled to invoice in any period pursuant to multi-year orders with escalating fees are less than the revenue recognized in accordance with relevant accounting standards, we will accrue an unbilled accounts receivable balance (a contract asset) related to such orders. In the same scenario, the net deferred revenue we would record in connection with such orders will be less because we will be recognizing more revenue earlier in the term of such multi-year orders.


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quarterly basis in deferred revenue, unbilled accounts receivable, or calculated billings, a metric commonly cited by financial analysts, are accurate indicators of future revenues for any given period of time. We define the term calculated billings for any period to mean revenue for the period plus the change in deferred revenue from the immediately preceding period minus the change in unbilled accounts receivable (contract asset) from the immediately preceding period.

Subscription services revenues are recognized ratably over the respective non-cancelable subscription term because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer. Our subscription services agreements are generally non-cancelable during the term, although customers typically have the right to terminate their agreements for cause in the event of material breach. Our agreements typically provide that orders will automatically renew unless notice of non-renewal is provided in advance. Subscription services revenues are affected primarily by the number of customers, the scope of the subscription purchased by each customer (for example, the number of end users or other subscription usage metric), and the number of solutions subscribed to by each customer.

We utilize our own personnel to perform our professional services and business consulting engagements with customers. In certain cases, we may utilize third-party subcontractors to perform professional services engagements. The majority of our professional services arrangements are billed on a time and materials basis and revenues are recognized over time based on time incurred and contractually agreed upon rates. Certain professional services and business consulting arrangements are billed on a fixed fee basis and revenues are typically recognized over time as the services are delivered based on time incurred. Data services and training revenues are generally recognized as the services are performed. Professional services revenues are affected primarily by our customers’ demands for implementation services, configuration, data services, training, speakers bureau logistics, and managed services in connection with our solutions. Our business consulting revenues are affected primarily by our customers’ demands for services related to a particular customer success initiative, strategic analysis, or business process change, and not a cloud software implementation.

Allocated Overhead

We accumulate certain costs such as building depreciation, office rent, utilities, and other facilities costs and allocate them across the various departments based on headcount. We refer to these costs as “allocated overhead.”

Cost of Revenues

Cost of subscription services revenues for all of our solutions consists of expenses related to our computing infrastructure provided by third parties, including salesforce.com and Amazon Web Services, personnel related costs associated with hosting our subscription services and providing support, including our data stewards, data acquisition costs, expenses associated with computer equipment and software, allocated overhead, and amortization expense associated with certain purchased intangibles related to our subscription services. We intend to continue to invest additional resources in our subscription services to enhance our product offerings and increase our delivery capacity. We may add or expand computing infrastructure capacity in the future, migrate to new computing infrastructure service providers, make additional investments in the availability and security of our solutions, and make continued investments in data sources.

Cost of professional services and other revenues consists primarily of employee-related expenses associated with providing these services. The cost of providing professional services is significantly higher as a percentage of the related revenues than for our subscription services due to the direct labor costs and costs of third-party subcontractors.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, third-party consulting fees, and hosted infrastructure costs. We continue to focus our research and development efforts on adding new features and applications and increasing the functionality and enhancing the ease of use of our cloud-based applications.

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, sales commissions, marketing program costs, amortization expense associated with purchased intangibles related to our customer contracts, customer relationships and brand development, travel-related expenses, and allocated


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overhead. Marketing program costs include advertising, customer events, corporate communications, brand awareness, and product marketing activities. Sales commissions are costs of obtaining new customer contracts and are capitalized and then amortized over a period of benefit that we have determined to be three years.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist of employee-related expenses for our executive, finance and accounting, legal, employee success, management information systems personnel, and other administrative employees. In addition, general and administrative expenses include fees related to third-party legal counsel, fees related to third-party accounting, tax and audit services, other corporate expenses, and allocated overhead.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net, consists primarily of transaction gains or losses on foreign currency, net of hedging costs, interest income, and amortization of premiums paid on investments.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes consists of federal and state income taxes in the United States and income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions. See note 9 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in Fiscal 2021

Refer to note 1 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements for a full description of the recent accounting pronouncements adopted during the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021.


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Results of Operations

The following tables set forth selected consolidated statements of operations data and such data as a percentage of total revenues for each of the periods indicated:


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020

		(in thousands)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Data:
Revenues:
Subscription services		$	1,179,486	$	896,294
Professional services and other		285,583		207,787
Total revenues		1,465,069		1,104,081
Cost of revenues(1):
Cost of subscription services		184,589		136,328
Cost of professional services and other		224,339		167,041
Total cost of revenues		408,928		303,369
Gross profit		1,056,141		800,712
Operating expenses(1):
Research and development		294,220		209,895
Sales and marketing		235,014		190,331
General and administrative		149,113		114,267
Total operating expenses		678,347		514,493
Operating income		377,794		286,219
Other income, net		16,199		27,478
Income before income taxes		393,993		313,697
Provision for income taxes		13,995		12,579
Net income		$	379,998	$	301,118


(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Cost of revenues:
Cost of subscription services	$	4,840	$	2,638
Cost of professional services and other	27,698		17,518
Research and development	63,541		37,001
Sales and marketing	40,574		27,537
General and administrative	48,348		31,212
Total stock-based compensation	$	185,001	$	115,906

Fiscal Year Ended January 31, 2021 and 2020

The following is a discussion of our results of operations for the year ended January 31, 2021 compared to the year ended January 31, 2020. For a discussion of our results of operations for the year ended January 31, 2020 compared to the year ended January 31, 2019, please refer to Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2020, which is hereby incorporated by reference.


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Revenues


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021			2020			% Change

		(dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Subscription services		$	1,179,486		$	896,294		32%
Professional services and other		285,583			207,787			37%
Total revenues		$	1,465,069		$	1,104,081		33%
Percentage of revenues:
Subscription services		81		%	81		%
Professional services and other		19			19
Total revenues		100		%	100		%

Total revenues for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 increased $361 million, of which $283 million was from growth in subscription services revenues. The increase in subscription services revenues consisted of $152 million of subscription services revenue attributable to Veeva Vault solutions and $131 million of subscription services revenue attributable to Veeva Commercial Cloud solutions, which includes the full year contribution from Veeva Crossix. The geographic mix of subscription services revenues was 56% from North America and 27% from Europe for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 as compared to subscription services revenues of 54% from North America and 27% from Europe for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020.

Professional services and other revenues for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 increased $78 million. The increase was primarily due to new customers requesting implementation and deployment related professional services and existing customers requesting professional services related to expanding deployments or the deployment of newly purchased solutions, and, to a lesser extent, professional services revenues associated with our acquired Veeva Crossix and Physicians World businesses, which only contributed to revenue in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020. The increased demand for professional services and the resulting increase in professional services revenues was weighted heavily towards implementation and deployments of our Veeva Vault solutions. The geographic mix of professional services and other revenues was 62% from North America and 30% from Europe for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 as compared to 60% from North America and 32% from Europe for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020.

Over time, we expect the proportion of our total revenues from professional services to decrease.

Costs and Expenses


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021			2020			% Change

		(dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenues:
Cost of subscription services		$	184,589		$	136,328		35%
Cost of professional services and other		224,339			167,041			34%
Total cost of revenues		$	408,928		$	303,369		35%
Gross margin percentage:
Subscription services		84		%	85		%
Professional services and other		21		%	20		%
Total gross margin percentage		72		%	73		%
Gross profit		$	1,056,141		$	800,712		32%

Cost of revenues for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 increased $106 million, of which $48 million was related to cost of subscription services. The increase in cost of subscription services included an increase of $14 million in data acquisition costs related to the Veeva Data Cloud product offering. There was also an increase of $9 million in employee compensation-related costs (which includes an increase of $2 million in stock-based compensation) and was primarily driven by the increase in headcount during the period and the full year impact of the headcount from the acquired Crossix business. Finally, there was an increase of $7 million in fees paid to salesforce.com, driven by an increase in the number of end users of our subscription services, and an increase of


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$9 million in other computing infrastructure costs, the vast majority of which was for computing infrastructure provided by Amazon Web Services. We expect cost of subscription services to increase in absolute dollars in the near term due to increased usage of our subscription services and increased data costs related to our Veeva Data Cloud offering.

Cost of professional services and other for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 increased $57 million, primarily due to a $55 million increase in employee compensation-related costs (which includes an increase of $10 million in stock-based compensation). The increase in employee compensation-related costs is primarily driven by the increase in headcount during the period and the full year impact of the headcount from the acquired Physicians World business. We expect cost of professional services and other to increase in absolute dollars in the near term as we add personnel to our global professional services organization.

Gross margin for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020 was 72% and 73%, respectively. The decrease compared to the prior period is largely due to the products and services of our acquired Crossix and Physicians World businesses, which have lower gross margins than many of our other products and services.

Operating Expenses and Operating Margin

Operating expenses include research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses. As we continue to invest in our growth through hiring, we expect operating expenses to increase in absolute dollars and may increase as a percentage of revenue in the future.

Research and Development


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021			2020			% Change

		(dollars in thousands)
Research and development		$	294,220		$	209,895		40%
Percentage of total revenues		20		%	19		%

Research and development expenses for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 increased $84 million, primarily due to an increase of $71 million in employee compensation-related costs (which includes an increase of $27 million in stock-based compensation). The increase in employee compensation-related costs is primarily driven by the increase in headcount during the period. The expansion of our headcount in research and development is to support development work for the increased number of products that we offer or may offer in the future.

We expect research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars and may increase as a percentage of revenue in the future, primarily due to higher headcount as we continue to invest in our product offerings.

Sales and Marketing


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021			2020			% Change

		(dollars in thousands)
Sales and marketing		$	235,014		$	190,331		23%
Percentage of total revenues		16		%	17		%

Sales and marketing expenses for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 increased $45 million, primarily due to an increase of $44 million in employee compensation-related costs (which includes an increase of $13 million in stock-based compensation). The increase in employee compensation-related costs is primarily driven by the increase in headcount during the period. There was an additional increase of $7 million in amortization of purchased intangibles related to our acquired Crossix and Physicians World businesses. These increases were partially offset by a $10 million decrease in travel and entertainment costs primarily related to travel and meeting restrictions associated with COVID-19.

We expect sales and marketing expenses to grow in absolute dollars in the future, primarily due to employee-related expenses as we increase our headcount to support our sales and marketing efforts associated with our


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product offerings, the impact of changes to our sales compensation plans, and our continued expansion of our sales capacity across all our solutions. Additionally, we expect travel and entertainment costs to start to increase in the second half of the fiscal year ending January 31, 2022.

General and Administrative


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021			2020			% Change

		(dollars in thousands)
General and administrative		$	149,113		$	114,267		30%
Percentage of total revenues		10		%	10		%

General and administrative expenses for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 increased $35 million, primarily due to an increase of $31 million in employee compensation-related costs (which includes an increase of $17 million in stock-based compensation). The increase in employee compensation-related costs is primarily driven by the increase in headcount during the period.

We expect general and administrative expenses to continue to grow in absolute dollars in the future as a result of employee-related expenses as we increase our headcount, investments in information technology infrastructure, and third-party fees, including fees associated with on-going litigation.

Other Income, Net


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020		% Change

		(dollars in thousands)
Other income, net		$	16,199	$	27,478	(41)%

Other income, net, for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 decreased $11 million, primarily due to a $9 million reduction in interest income, net, reflecting the lower interest rates on short-term investments.

We continue to experience foreign currency fluctuations primarily due to the impact resulting from the periodic re-measurement of our foreign currency balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded. Our results of operations are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the Euro, British Pound Sterling, Japanese Yen and Chinese Yuan. We may continue to experience favorable or adverse foreign currency impacts due to volatility in these currencies.

Provision for Income Taxes


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021			2020			% Change

		(dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes		$	393,993		$	313,697		26%
Provision for income taxes		$	13,995		$	12,579		11%
Effective tax rate		3.6		%	4.0		%

The provision for income taxes differs from the tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate due primarily to state taxes, tax credits, equity compensation, and the deduction for foreign derived intangible income. Future tax rates could be affected by changes in tax laws and regulations or by rulings in tax related litigation, as may be applicable. We will continue to identify and analyze other applicable changes in tax laws in the United States and abroad.


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For the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020, our effective tax rates were 3.6% and 4.0%, respectively. During the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 as compared to the prior year period, our effective tax rate decreased primarily due to the increase in excess tax benefits related to equity compensation. We recognized such tax benefits in our provision for income taxes of $81 million and $50 million for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In our public disclosures, we have provided non-GAAP measures, which we define as financial information that has not been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP. In addition to our GAAP measures, we use these non-GAAP financial measures internally for budgeting and resource allocation purposes and in analyzing our financial results.

For the reasons set forth below, we believe that excluding the following items provides information that is helpful in understanding our operating results, evaluating our future prospects, comparing our financial results across accounting periods, and comparing our financial results to our peers, many of which provide similar non-GAAP financial measures:

•Stock-based compensation expenses. We exclude stock-based compensation expenses primarily because they are non-cash expenses that we exclude from our internal management reporting processes. We also find it useful to exclude these expenses when we assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses and resource allocations when budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods. Moreover, because of varying available valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions and the variety of award types that companies can use under FASB ASC Topic 718, we believe excluding stock-based compensation expenses allows investors to make meaningful comparisons between our recurring core business operating results and those of other companies.

•Amortization of purchased intangibles. We incur amortization expense for purchased intangible assets in connection with acquisitions of certain businesses and technologies. Amortization of intangible assets is a non-cash expense and is inconsistent in amount and frequency because it is significantly affected by the timing, size of acquisitions, and the inherent subjective nature of purchase price allocations. Because these costs have already been incurred and cannot be recovered, and are non-cash expenses, we exclude these expenses for internal management reporting processes. We also find it useful to exclude these charges when assessing the appropriate level of various operating expenses and resource allocations when budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods. Investors should note that the use of intangible assets contributed to our revenues earned during the periods presented and will contribute to our future period revenues as well.

•Income tax effects on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP costs and expenses. The income tax effects that are excluded relate to the imputed tax impact on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP costs and expenses due to stock-based compensation and purchased intangibles for GAAP and non-GAAP measures.

Limitations on the Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

There are limitations to using non-GAAP financial measures because non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures provided by other companies.

The non-GAAP financial measures are limited in value because they exclude certain items that may have a material impact upon our reported financial results. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by management about which items are adjusted to calculate our non-GAAP financial measures. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis and also by providing GAAP measures in our public disclosures.

Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. We encourage investors and others to review our financial information in its entirety, not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business, and to view our non-GAAP financial measures in conjunction with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.


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The following table reconciles the specific items excluded from GAAP metrics in the calculation of non-GAAP metrics for the periods shown below:


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020

		(in thousands)
Operating income on a GAAP basis		$	377,794	$	286,219
Stock-based compensation expense		185,001		115,906
Amortization of purchased intangibles		20,007		10,120
Operating income on a non-GAAP basis		$	582,802	$	412,245
Net income on a GAAP basis		$	379,998	$	301,118
Stock-based compensation expense		185,001		115,906
Amortization of purchased intangibles		20,007		10,120
Income tax effect on non-GAAP adjustments(1)		(111,795)		(79,763)
Net income on a non-GAAP basis		$	473,211	$	347,381
Diluted net income per share on a GAAP basis		$	2.36	$	1.90
Stock-based compensation expense		1.15		0.73
Amortization of purchased intangibles		0.12		0.06
Income tax effect on non-GAAP adjustments(1)		(0.69)		(0.50)
Diluted net income per share on a non-GAAP basis		$	2.94	$	2.19
(1) For the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020, we used an estimated annual effective non-GAAP tax rate of 21%

Liquidity and Capital Resources


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020		2019

		(in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities		$	551,246	$	437,375	$	310,827
Net cash used in investing activities		(333,634)		(516,910)		(103,869)
Net cash provided by financing activities		33,818		10,010		25,910
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		484		(2,856)		(2,077)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		$	251,914	$	(72,381)	$	230,791

Our principal sources of liquidity continue to be comprised of our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, as well as cash flows generated from our operations. As of January 31, 2021, our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaled $1,664 million, of which $59 million represented cash and cash equivalents held outside of the United States.

Our remaining non-U.S. cash and cash equivalents have been earmarked for indefinite reinvestment in our operations outside the United States, except in certain designated jurisdictions that have an immaterial impact to our financial statements. As of January 31, 2021, we have not recorded any taxes, such as withholding taxes, associated with the foreign earnings that are indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. We believe our U.S. sources of cash and liquidity are sufficient to meet our business needs in the United States and do not expect that we will need to repatriate additional funds we have designated as indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. Under currently enacted tax laws, should our plans change and we were to choose to repatriate some or all of the funds we have designated as indefinitely reinvested outside the United States, such amounts may be subject to certain jurisdictional taxes.

We have financed our operations primarily through cash generated from operations. We believe our existing cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs over at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including our growth rate, subscription renewal activity, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the ongoing investments in technology infrastructure, the introduction of new and enhanced solutions, and the continuing market acceptance of our solutions. We may in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, services and technologies, and intellectual property rights. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing for those arrangements or for other reasons. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we


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may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, operating results, and financial condition would be adversely affected.

The following is a discussion of our cash flows for the year ended January 31, 2021 compared to the year ended January 31, 2020. For a discussion of our cash flows for the year ended January 31, 2020 compared to the year ended January 31, 2019, please refer to Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2020, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our largest source of operating cash inflows is cash collections from our customers for subscription services. We also generate significant cash flows from our professional services arrangements. The first quarter of our fiscal year is seasonally the strongest quarter for cash inflows due to the timing of our annual subscription billings and related collections. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are for employee-related expenditures, expenses related to our computing infrastructure (including salesforce.com and Amazon Web Services), building infrastructure costs (including leases for office space), fees for third-party legal counsel and accounting services, data acquisition costs, and marketing program costs. Note that our net income reflects the impact of excess tax benefits related to equity compensation.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $551 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 compared to $437 million provided by operating activities for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020. The $114 million increase in operating cash flow was primarily due to net income for the period of $380 million driven by increased sales and the related impact to deferred revenue, partially offset by cash collections and the related impact to accounts receivable. Additionally, operating cash flow benefited from a non-cash adjustment for stock-based compensation.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

The cash flows from investing activities primarily relate to cash used for the purchase of marketable securities, net of maturities. We also use cash to invest in capital assets to support our growth.

Net cash used in investing activities was $334 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 compared to $517 million used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020. The $183 million decrease in cash used in investing activities was mainly due to our prior year investments in Crossix and Physicians World acquisitions, partially offset by the nature and timing of purchases of short-term investments in excess of maturities.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

The cash flows from financing activities relate primarily to stock option exercises.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $34 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 compared to $10 million provided by financing activities for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020. The $24 million increase in cash provided by financing activities is primarily related to an increase in proceeds from employee stock option exercises resulting from both an increase in stock option exercise volume and a higher aggregate average exercise price during the period.

Commitments

Our principal commitments consist of obligations for minimum payment commitments to salesforce.com, and leases for office space and data centers. On March 3, 2014, we amended our agreement with salesforce.com. The agreement, as amended, requires that we meet minimum order commitments of $500 million over the term of the agreement, which ends on September 1, 2025, including “true-up” payments if the orders we place with salesforce.com have not equaled or exceeded the following aggregate amounts within the timeframes indicated: (i) $250 million for the period from March 1, 2014 to September 1, 2020 and (ii) the full amount of $500 million by September 1, 2025. We met our first minimum order commitment of $250 million and have a remaining purchase commitment of $57 million, as of January 31, 2021, that must be made by September 1, 2025.


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As of January 31, 2021, the future non-cancelable minimum payments under these commitments were as follows:


	Payments due by period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		More than 5 years

	(in thousands)
Salesforce.com commitments	$	57,119	$	—	$	—	$	57,119	$	—
Operating lease obligations	71,504		12,887		22,365		14,676		21,576
Finance lease obligations	380		380		—		—		—
Total	$	129,003	$	13,267	$	22,365	$	71,795	$	21,576

The amounts in the table above are associated with agreements that are enforceable and legally binding, which specify significant terms including payment terms, related services, and the approximate timing of the transaction. Obligations under agreements that we can cancel without a significant penalty are not included in the table.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated organizations or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities, that would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP). In the preparation of these consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe that of our significant accounting policies, which are described in note 1 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements, the following accounting policies involve a greater degree of judgment and complexity. Accordingly, these are the policies we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

Revenue Recognition

We derive our revenues primarily from subscription services and professional services. Some of our contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. The transaction price is allocated to the distinct performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Significant judgment is sometimes required in developing an estimate of the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation based on our overall pricing objectives, market conditions, and other factors, including other groupings such as customer type and geography.

Business Combinations and Valuation of Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

We allocate the purchase price of acquired companies to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The purchase price allocation process requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions with respect to the valuation of intangible assets. Examples of critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets we have acquired or may acquire in the future include but are not limited to future expected cash flows, future revenue growth, margins, customer retention rates, technology life, royalty rates, expected use of acquired assets, and discount rates. These factors are also considered in determining the useful life of the acquired intangible assets. These estimates are based in part on historical experience, market conditions and information obtained from management of the acquired companies and are inherently uncertain. Goodwill represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recorded.


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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the British Pound Sterling, Euro, Japanese Yen, and Chinese Yuan, and may be adversely affected in the future due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We continue to experience foreign currency fluctuations primarily due to the periodic re-measurement of our foreign currency monetary account balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded. Changes in exchange rates may negatively affect our revenues and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars. For the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, we had foreign currency gains of $2 million, losses of $1 million, and losses of $2 million, respectively.

We have experienced and will continue to experience fluctuations in our net income as a result of gains or losses related to revaluing certain current asset and current liability balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded. We engage in the hedging of our foreign currency transactions as described in note 8 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements and may, in the future, hedge selected significant transactions or net monetary exposure positions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

We had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling $1,664 million as of January 31, 2021. This amount was held primarily in demand deposit accounts, money market funds, U.S. treasury securities and agency obligations, corporate notes and bonds, asset-backed securities, commercial paper, foreign government bonds, and agency mortgage-backed securities. The cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital purposes. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes.

Our cash equivalents and our portfolio of marketable securities are subject to market risk due to changes in interest rates, which could affect our results of operations. Fixed rate securities may have their market value adversely affected due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fluctuate due to changes in interest rates or we may suffer losses in principal if we are forced to sell securities that decline in market value due to changes in interest rates. However, because we classify our marketable securities as “available for sale,” no gains or losses are recognized due to changes in interest rates unless such securities are sold prior to maturity or declines in fair value are determined to be other-than-temporary. Our fixed-income portfolio is subject to interest rate risk.

An immediate increase of 100-basis points in interest rates would have resulted in a $9 million market value reduction in our investment portfolio as of January 31, 2021. An immediate decrease of 100-basis points in interest rates would have increased the market value by $3 million as of January 31, 2021. This estimate is based on a sensitivity model that measures market value changes when changes in interest rates occur. Fluctuations in the value of our investment securities caused by a change in interest rates (gains or losses on the carrying value) are recorded in other comprehensive income, and are realized only if we sell the underlying securities.


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ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			53
Consolidated Balance Sheets			55
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income			57
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity			57
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows			59
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			60


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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors

Veeva Systems Inc.:

Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Veeva Systems Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of January 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of January 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 31, 2021, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2021 based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

Change in Accounting Principle

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases as of February 1, 2019 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842, Leases.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,


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accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over revenue

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recorded $1,465 million of total revenues for the year ended January 31, 2021, of which $1,179 million was subscription services related, and $286 million was professional services related. Each of these categories of revenue has multiple service offerings, and the Company’s process for revenue recognition differs between them.

We identified the evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over revenue as a critical audit matter. Evaluating the nature and extent of audit evidence obtained over revenue for each service offering required subjective auditor judgment because of the multiple service offerings and the number of information technology (IT) applications involved in the revenue recognition processes.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address the critical audit matter. We applied auditor judgment to determine the nature and extent of procedures to be performed over revenue, including the determination of the revenue for service offerings. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the Company’s revenue recognition process. We assessed the recorded revenue by selecting transactions and comparing the amounts recognized for consistency with underlying documentation, including contracts with customers. We involved IT professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in testing certain IT applications that are used by the Company in its revenue recognition process. In addition, we evaluated the sufficiency of audit evidence obtained over revenue by assessing the results of procedures performed, including the nature and extent of such evidence.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2010.

Santa Clara, California

March 30, 2021


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VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except number of shares and par value)


	January 31, 2021		January 31, 2020

Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	730,504	$	476,733
Short-term investments	933,122		610,015
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $193 and $617, respectively	564,387		389,690
Unbilled accounts receivable	47,206		32,817
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	35,607		21,869
Total current assets	2,310,826		1,531,124
Property and equipment, net	53,650		54,752
Deferred costs, net	42,072		35,585
Lease right-of-use assets	56,917		49,132
Goodwill	436,029		438,529
Intangible assets, net	114,595		134,601
Deferred income taxes	14,100		11,870
Other long-term assets	17,878		16,184
Total assets	$	3,046,067	$	2,271,777
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	23,253	$	19,420
Accrued compensation and benefits	30,410		25,619
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	30,982		21,620
Income tax payable	2,590		5,613
Deferred revenue	616,992		468,887
Lease liabilities	11,725		10,013
Total current liabilities	715,952		551,172
Deferred income taxes	1,835		2,417
Lease liabilities, noncurrent	51,393		44,815
Other long-term liabilities	10,567		7,779
Total liabilities	779,747		606,183
Commitments and contingencies (note 15)
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, $0.00001 par value; 800,000,000 shares authorized, 137,062,817 and 133,892,725 issued and outstanding at January 31, 2021 and January 31, 2020, respectively	2		1
Class B common stock, $0.00001 par value; 190,000,000 shares authorized, 14,993,991 and 15,202,858 issued and outstanding at January 31, 2021 and January 31, 2020, respectively	—		—
Additional paid-in capital	965,670		745,475
Accumulated other comprehensive income	992		460
Retained earnings	1,299,656		919,658
Total stockholders’ equity	2,266,320		1,665,594
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,046,067	$	2,271,777

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


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VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands, except per share data)


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020		2019


Revenues:
Subscription services		$	1,179,486	$	896,294	$	694,467
Professional services and other		285,583		207,787		167,743
Total revenues		1,465,069		1,104,081		862,210
Cost of revenues(1):
Cost of subscription services		184,589		136,328		117,009
Cost of professional services and other		224,339		167,041		128,272
Total cost of revenues		408,928		303,369		245,281
Gross profit		1,056,141		800,712		616,929
Operating expenses(1):
Research and development		294,220		209,895		158,783
Sales and marketing		235,014		190,331		148,867
General and administrative		149,113		114,267		86,413
Total operating expenses		678,347		514,493		394,063
Operating income		377,794		286,219		222,866
Other income, net		16,199		27,478		15,777
Income before income taxes		393,993		313,697		238,643
Provision for income taxes		13,995		12,579		8,811
Net income		$	379,998	$	301,118	$	229,832
Net income, basic and diluted		$	379,998	$	301,118	$	229,832
Net income per share:
Basic		$	2.52	$	2.04	$	1.59
Diluted		$	2.36	$	1.90	$	1.47
Weighted-average shares used to compute net income per share:
Basic		150,666		147,796		144,244
Diluted		160,732		158,296		156,117
Other comprehensive income:
Net change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments		$	985	$	2,388	$	1,409
Net change in cumulative foreign currency translation loss		(453)		(2,857)		(2,081)
Comprehensive income		$	380,530	$	300,649	$	229,160


(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Cost of revenues:
Cost of subscription services	$	4,840	$	2,638	$	1,553
Cost of professional services and other	27,698		17,518		10,575
Research and development	63,541		37,001		22,138
Sales and marketing	40,574		27,537		18,381
General and administrative	48,348		31,212		23,778
Total stock-based compensation	$	185,001	$	115,906	$	76,425

See Notes to Financial Statements.


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VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)


	Class A & B common stock			Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive income		Total stockholders’ equity
	Shares	Amount


Balance at January 31, 2018	142,069,396	$	1	$	515,272	$	389,365	$	1,600	$	906,238

Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	2,807,092	—		25,554		—		—		25,554

Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units	1,313,591	—		—		—		—		—

Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		76,797		—		—		76,797

Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		(672)		(672)
Net income	—	—		—		229,832		—		229,832
Balance at January 31, 2019	146,190,079	$	1	$	617,623	$	619,197	$	928	$	1,237,749
Cumulative effect adjustment for Topic 842 adoption(1)	—	—		—		(657)		—		(657)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	1,665,778	—		10,899		—		—		10,899

Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units	1,239,726	—		—		—		—		—
Replacement award value in connection with business combination	—	—		657		—		—		657
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		116,296		—		—		116,296

Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		(468)		(468)
Net income	—	—		—		301,118		—		301,118
Balance at January 31, 2020	149,095,583	$	1	$	745,475	$	919,658	$	460	$	1,665,594

Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	1,839,723	1		34,815		—		—		34,816

Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units	1,121,502	—		—		—		—		—

Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		185,380		—		—		185,380

Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		532		532
Net income	—	—		—		379,998		—		379,998
Balance at January 31, 2021	152,056,808	$	2	$	965,670	$	1,299,656	$	992	$	2,266,320
(1) We adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, “Leases” (Topic 842) using the modified retrospective method as of February 1, 2019 and elected the transition option that allows us not to restate the comparative periods in our financial statements in the year of adoption.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


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VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020		2019


Cash flows from operating activities
Net income		$	379,998	$	301,118	$	229,832
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		29,455		19,859		14,071
Reduction of operating lease right-of-use assets		10,347		7,966		—
Amortization (accretion) of discount on short-term investments		3,134		(3,274)		(2,431)
Stock-based compensation		185,001		115,906		76,425
Amortization of deferred costs		20,677		20,521		18,378
Deferred income taxes		(1,048)		(6,663)		(8,091)
Gain on foreign currency from mark-to-market derivative		(365)		(120)		(177)
Bad debt (recovery) expense		(307)		244		198
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(174,067)		(55,531)		(78,995)
Unbilled accounts receivable		(14,387)		(14,555)		(4,774)
Deferred costs		(27,164)		(25,237)		(18,941)
Income taxes payable		(3,023)		1,131		637
Prepaid expenses and other current and long-term assets		(12,424)		(2,700)		(10,562)
Accounts payable		754		2,813		1,822
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		13,889		(15,230)		963
Deferred revenue		147,479		97,753		89,416
Operating lease liabilities		(9,129)		(7,480)		—
Other long-term liabilities		2,426		854		3,056
Net cash provided by operating activities		551,246		437,375		310,827
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of short-term investments		(979,292)		(752,518)		(726,379)
Maturities and sales of short-term investments		654,341		688,091		632,329
Acquisitions, net of cash and restricted cash acquired		—		(448,162)		—
Long-term assets		(8,683)		(4,321)		(9,819)
Net cash used in investing activities		(333,634)		(516,910)		(103,869)
Cash flows from financing activities
Changes in lease liabilities - finance leases		(1,039)		(984)		—
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options		34,857		10,994		25,910
Net cash provided by financing activities		33,818		10,010		25,910
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		484		(2,856)		(2,077)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		251,914		(72,381)		230,791
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		479,797		552,178		321,387
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period		$	731,711	$	479,797	$	552,178

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	730,504	$	476,733	$	550,971
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets		1,207		3,064		1,207
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period		$	731,711	$	479,797	$	552,178

Supplemental disclosures of other cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds		$	18,096	$	14,289	$	19,541
Excess tax benefits from employee stock plans		$	80,661	$	50,411	$	45,830
Non-cash investing activities:
Changes in accounts payable and accrued expenses related to property and equipment purchases		$	3,165	$	567	$	644

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


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VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Summary of Business and Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

Veeva is the leading provider of industry cloud solutions for the global life sciences industry. We were founded in 2007 on the premise that industry-specific cloud solutions could best address the operating challenges and regulatory requirements of life sciences companies. Our solutions span cloud software, data, and business consulting and are designed to meet the unique needs of our customers and their most strategic business functions—from research and development (R&D) to commercialization. Our solutions help life sciences companies develop and bring products to market faster and more efficiently, market and sell more effectively, and maintain compliance with government regulations. Our commercial solutions help life sciences companies achieve better, more intelligent engagement with healthcare professionals and healthcare organizations across multiple communication channels, and plan and execute more effective media and marketing campaigns. Our R&D solutions for the clinical, regulatory, quality, and safety functions help life sciences companies streamline their end-to-end product development processes to increase operational efficiency and maintain regulatory compliance throughout the product life cycle. We also bring the benefits of our content and data management solutions to a set of customers outside of life sciences in three regulated industries: consumer goods, chemicals, and cosmetics. Our fiscal year end is January 31.

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding annual financial reporting and include the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. On a regular basis, management evaluates these estimates and assumptions. Items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to:

•the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation included in customer contracts with multiple performance obligations;

•the determination of the period of benefit for amortization of deferred costs;

•the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for business combinations; and

•the fair value of our stock-based awards.

As future events cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. We define the term “chief operating decision maker” to be our Chief Executive Officer. Our Chief Executive Officer reviews the financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating our financial performance. Accordingly, we have determined that we operate in a single reportable operating segment. Since we operate in one operating segment, all required financial segment information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.


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Revenue Recognition

We derive our revenues primarily from subscription services and professional services. Subscription services revenues consist of fees from customers accessing our cloud-based software solutions and fees for our data solutions. Professional services and other revenues consist primarily of fees from implementation services, configuration, data services, training, and managed services related to our solutions. Revenues are recognized when control of these services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services.

We determine revenue recognition through the following steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

•Determination of the transaction price;

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation.

Our subscription services agreements are generally non-cancelable during the term, although customers typically have the right to terminate their agreements for cause in the event of material breach.

Subscription Services Revenues

Professional Services and Other Revenues

The majority of our professional services arrangements are billed on a time and materials basis and revenues are recognized over time based on time incurred and contractually agreed upon rates. Certain professional services revenues are billed on a fixed fee basis and revenues are typically recognized over time as the services are delivered based on time incurred. Data services and training revenues are generally recognized as the services are performed.

Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations

Some of our contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, we account for individual performance obligations separately when they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. We determine the standalone selling prices based on our overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration market conditions and other factors, including other groupings such as customer type and geography.

Deferred Costs

Deferred costs represents sales commissions associated with obtaining a contract with a customer. These costs are deferred and then amortized over a period of benefit that we have determined to be three years. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration the expected renewal period of our customer contracts, our technology and other factors. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Certain Risks and Concentrations of Credit Risk

Our revenues are derived from subscription services, professional services and other services delivered primarily to the life sciences industry. We operate in markets that are highly competitive and rapidly changing. Significant technological changes, shifting customer needs, the emergence of competitive products or services with new capabilities, and other factors could negatively impact our future operating results.

Our financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and trade accounts receivable. Our cash equivalents and short-term investments are held by established financial institutions. We have established guidelines relative to credit ratings,


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diversification and maturities that seek to maintain safety and liquidity. Deposits in these financial institutions may significantly exceed federally insured limits.

We do not require collateral from our customers and generally require payment within 30 days to 60 days of billing.

The following customers individually exceeded 10% of total accounts receivable as of the dates shown:


	January 31,
	2021	2020
Customer 1	12%	14%

No single customer represented over 10% of our total revenues for any of the years presented.

Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Short-term Investments

Our short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at estimated fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity. We evaluate our investments to assess whether those with unrealized loss positions are other than temporarily impaired. We consider impairments to be other than temporary if they are related to deterioration in credit risk or if it is likely we will sell the securities before the recovery of their cost basis. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other than temporary are determined based on the specific identification method and are reported in other income, net, in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Interest, amortization of premiums, and accretion of discount on all short-term investments are also included as a component of other income, net, in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

We may sell our short-term investments at any time, without significant penalty, for use in current operations or for other purposes, even if they have not yet reached maturity. As a result, we classify our investments, including securities with maturities beyond 12 months, as current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, which is not material.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets and commences once the asset is placed in service or ready for its intended use. Land is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives by asset classification are as follows:



Building	30 years
Land and building improvements	10 years	(land improvements) and estimated useful life of building (building improvements)
Equipment and computers	3 years
Furniture and fixtures	5 years
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of remaining life of the lease term or estimated useful life

Leases

We have operating and finance leases for corporate offices and certain equipment. Additionally, we are the sublessor for certain office space.

We adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02 “Leases” (Topic 842) using the modified retrospective method as of February 1, 2019 with an immaterial amount of cumulative effect adjustment recorded to our retained earnings. Consequently, financial information for dates and periods before February 1, 2019 remain unchanged.


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Subsequent to our adoption of Topic 842, we recognize lease right-of-use assets and liabilities at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use an estimate of our discount rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. The lease right-of-use assets also include any lease payments made and exclude lease incentives such as tenant improvement allowances. Options to extend or terminate the lease are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise the extension or termination option.

Our operating leases typically include non-lease components such as common-area maintenance costs. We have elected to exclude non-lease components from lease payments for the purpose of calculating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities and these are expensed as incurred as variable lease payments.

Leases with a term of one year or less are not recognized on our consolidated balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Internal-Use Software

We capitalize certain costs incurred for the development of computer software for internal use. We capitalize these costs during the development of the project, when it is determined that it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Costs related to preliminary project activities, post-implementation activities, training, and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of three years, and the amortization expense is recorded as a component of cost of subscription services. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually in the fourth quarter of each year or if circumstances indicate the carrying value of goodwill is impaired.

We have one reporting unit and evaluate goodwill for impairment at the entity level. We completed our annual impairment test in our fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, which resulted in no impairment of the goodwill balance.

All other intangible assets associated with purchased intangibles, consisting of existing technology, databases, customer relationships, software, trade names and trademarks, data supplier and partner relationships, non-competition agreements, brand, and backlog are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated remaining economic lives. Amortization expense related to existing technology, databases, data supplier and partner relationships, software, and backlog is included in cost of subscription services. Amortization expense related to customer relationships, trade names and trademarks, and brand are included in sales and marketing expense. Amortization expense related to non-competition agreements are included in both general and administrative and research and development expense.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for possible impairment, we first compare undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. There were no impairment charges recognized during any of the periods presented.

Business Combinations

The purchase price in a business combination is assigned to the estimated acquisition date fair values of the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed with the residual recorded as goodwill. Critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets include, but are not limited to, the net present value of future


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expected cash flows, future revenue growth, margins, customer retention rates, technology life, royalty rates, expected use of acquired assets, and discount rates.

Stock-based Compensation

We recognize compensation expense for all stock-based awards, including stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs), based on the estimate of fair value of the award at the grant date. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the grant date using either a Black-Scholes option-pricing model or a Monte Carlo simulation, to the extent market conditions exist, and a single option award approach. These models require that at the date of grant we determine the fair value of the underlying common stock, the expected term of the award, the expected volatility of the price of our common stock, risk-free interest rates, and expected dividend yield of our common stock. The fair value of each RSU award is measured based on the closing stock price of our common stock on the date of grant. We account for forfeitures as they occur. The compensation expense is recognized using a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally four to nine years.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of subscription services revenues consists of expenses related to our computing infrastructure provided by third parties, including salesforce.com and Amazon Web Services, personnel-related costs associated with hosting our subscription services and providing support including our data stewards, data acquisition costs, and allocated overhead, amortization expense associated with capitalized internal-use software related to our subscription services, and amortization expense associated with purchased intangibles related to our subscription services. Cost of subscription services revenues for Veeva CRM and certain of our multichannel customer relationship management applications include fees paid to salesforce.com for our use of the Salesforce Platform and the associated hosting infrastructure and data center operations that are provided by salesforce.com.

Cost of professional services and other revenues consists primarily of employee-related expenses associated with providing these services, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, the cost of third-party subcontractors, travel costs, and allocated overhead.

Advertising Expenses

Advertising expenditures are expensed as incurred and were immaterial for each of the years presented.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

We regularly assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some or all of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. We evaluate and weigh all available positive and negative evidence such as historic results, future reversals of existing deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, as well as prudent and feasible tax-planning strategies. Generally, more weight is given to objectively verifiable evidence such as the cumulative income in recent years.

We establish liabilities or reduce assets for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon an audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement. We recognize interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of provision for income taxes.


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Foreign Currency Exchange

Adjustments resulting from translating financial statements for those entities that do not have U.S. dollars as their functional currency are recorded as part of a separate component of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. All assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period. Equity transactions are translated using historical exchange rates. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the period.

Indemnification

Our contracts generally include provisions for indemnifying customers against liabilities if our solutions infringe a third party’s intellectual property rights, and we may also incur liabilities if we breach the security and/or confidentiality obligations in our contracts. To date, we have not incurred any material costs, and we have not accrued any liabilities in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as a result of these obligations.

Loss Contingencies

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment or remediation can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in Fiscal 2021

Cloud Computing Arrangements

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract” (Topic 350-40), which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The new standard requires capitalized costs to be amortized on a straight-line basis generally over the term of the arrangement, and the financial statement presentation for these capitalized costs would be the same as that of the fees related to the hosting arrangements. We adopted this standard on a prospective basis as of February 1, 2020 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Credit Losses

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU 2016-13, including subsequent amendments, regarding “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (Topic 326), which modifies the accounting methodology for most financial instruments. The guidance establishes a new “expected loss model” that requires entities to estimate current expected credit losses on financial instruments by using all practical and relevant information. For trade receivables and other financial assets, we are required to use a forward-looking expected loss model rather than the incurred loss model for recognizing credit losses which reflects losses that are probable. Additionally, any expected credit losses are to be reflected as allowances rather than reductions in the amortized cost of available-for-sale debt securities. We adopted this standard on a modified retrospective basis as of February 1, 2020. The adoption of this standard did not result in any cumulative effect adjustment on our consolidated financial statements.

Note 2. Acquisitions

Crossix

On November 1, 2019, we acquired 100% ownership of Crossix in exchange for total consideration of $428 million, which includes the impact of adjustments to purchase price associated with the cash and net working capital of the acquired entity at close. In addition, we granted certain Crossix employees equity retention awards valued at approximately $120 million in the aggregate, which will be expensed as share-based compensation over the remaining service period. Crossix brings Veeva additional depth in patient data and data analytics. Crossix’s existing data analytics offerings are complementary to our existing Commercial Cloud offerings, and we are using the Crossix Data Platform to build Veeva Data Cloud, our longitudinal U.S. patient data offering.


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The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired, useful lives, and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date (in thousands):


	Useful life			Fair value
Net assets acquired				$	4,766
Identifiable intangible assets:
Customer relationships	10 years			70,100
Existing technology	6 years			19,200
Trade name and trademarks	5 years			13,200
Other intangibles	1	to	7 years	6,000
Total purchased intangible assets				108,500
Goodwill				314,642
Total purchase consideration				$	427,908

The following unaudited pro forma information presents the combined results of operations for the periods presented as if the acquisition had been completed on February 1, 2018, the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period. The unaudited pro forma results include the amortization associated with estimates for the purchased intangible assets and stock-based compensation expense associated with the retention awards granted.

The unaudited pro forma results do not reflect any cost saving synergies from operating efficiencies or the effect of the incremental costs incurred in integrating the two companies. Accordingly, these unaudited pro forma results are presented for information purpose only and are not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operations of the combined company would have been if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the period presented, nor are they indicative of future results of operations (in thousands):


		Fiscal year ended January 31,

	2020	2019

Pro forma revenues		$	1,153,497	$	913,081
Pro forma net income		$	278,215	$	201,382
Pro forma net income per share:
Basic		$	1.88	$	1.40
Diluted		$	1.76	$	1.29

Physicians World

On November 7, 2019, we completed our acquisition of Physicians World in exchange for total cash consideration of $41 million, which includes the impact of adjustments to purchase price associated with the cash and net working capital of the acquired entity at close. In addition, we granted certain Physicians World employees equity retention awards valued at approximately $15 million in the aggregate. The acquisition of Physicians World makes it easier for our customers to get industry leading cloud software and services from a single vendor. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effect of this acquisition was not material to our consolidated financial statements.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired, useful lives, and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date (in thousands):


	Useful life	Fair value
Net assets acquired		$	1,221
Identifiable intangible assets:
Customer relationships	10 years	$7,700
Existing technology	6 years	3,300
Trade name and trademarks	5 years	700
Total purchased intangible assets		11,700
Goodwill		28,083
Total purchase consideration		$	41,004


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Note 3. Short-Term Investments

At January 31, 2021, short-term investments consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities:
Certificates of deposits	$	17,350	$	15	$	(1)	$	17,364
Asset-backed securities	125,833		745		(2)		126,576
Commercial paper	57,390		8		(2)		57,396
Corporate notes and bonds	428,710		2,360		(23)		431,047
Foreign government bonds	31,855		45		(2)		31,898
U.S. agency obligations	52,756		119		—		52,875
U.S. treasury securities	215,379		587		—		215,966
Total available-for-sale securities	$	929,273	$	3,879	$	(30)	$	933,122

At January 31, 2020, short-term investments consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities:
Certificates of deposits	$	3,500	$	3	$	—	$	3,503
Asset-backed securities	100,419		396		(1)		100,814
Commercial paper	19,965		5		(1)		19,969
Corporate notes and bonds	234,664		1,552		(2)		236,214
Foreign government bonds	3,397		10		—		3,407
U.S. treasury securities	245,509		599		—		246,108
Total available-for-sale securities	$	607,454	$	2,565	$	(4)	$	610,015

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of our short-term investments, designated as available-for-sale and classified by the contractual maturity date of the securities as of the dates shown (in thousands):


	January 31,
	2021		2020
Due in one year or less	$	428,155	$	247,592
Due in greater than one year	504,967		362,423
Total short-term investments	$	933,122	$	610,015

We have not recorded an allowance for credit losses, as we believe any such losses would be immaterial based on the high credit quality of our investments. We intend to hold our securities to maturity and it is more likely than not we will hold these securities until recovery of the cost basis.


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The following table shows the fair values of available-for-sale securities which were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category, as of January 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	Held for less than 12 months
	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses
Certificates of deposits	$	3,749	$	(2)
Asset-backed securities	3,318		(1)
Commercial paper	17,626		(2)
Corporate notes and bonds	29,558		(23)
Foreign government bonds	2,679		(2)

The following table shows the fair values of available-for-sale securities which were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category, as of January 31, 2020 (in thousands):


	Held for less than 12 months
	Fair value	Gross unrealized losses

Asset-backed securities	999	(1)
Commercial paper	5,589	(1)
Corporate notes and bonds	6,104	(2)

Asset values and gross unrealized losses of available-for-sale securities held for more than 12 months as of January 31, 2021 and 2020 were immaterial. There were no impairments considered other-than-temporary as of January 31, 2021 and 2020 as it is more likely than not we will hold these securities until recovery of the cost basis.

Note 4. Deferred Costs

Deferred costs, which consists of deferred sales commissions, were $42 million and $36 million as of January 31, 2021 and January 31, 2020, respectively. Amortization expense for the deferred costs included in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income was $21 million, $21 million, and $18 million for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. There have been no impairment losses recorded in relation to the costs capitalized for any period presented.

Note 5. Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consists of the following as of the dates shown (in thousands):


	January 31,
	2021		2020
Land	$	3,040	$	3,040
Building	20,984		20,984
Land improvements and building improvements	22,392		22,392
Equipment and computers	8,847		11,066
Furniture and fixtures	13,452		12,849
Leasehold improvements	13,945		9,385
Construction in progress	606		386
	83,266		80,102
Less accumulated depreciation	(29,616)		(25,350)
Total property and equipment, net	$	53,650	$	54,752

Total depreciation expense was $9 million, $9 million, and $6 million for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Land is not depreciated.


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Note 6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill was $436 million and $439 million as of January 31, 2021 and January 31, 2020, respectively.

The following schedule presents the details of intangible assets as of January 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):


	January 31, 2021
	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net		Remaining useful life (in years)
Existing technology	$	26,180	$	(8,367)	$	17,813	4.8
Customer relationships	110,643		(27,741)		82,902		8.0
Trade name and trademarks	13,900		(4,005)		9,895		3.8
Other intangibles	20,453		(16,468)		3,985		5.1
Total intangible assets	$	171,176	$	(56,581)	$	114,595

The following schedule presents the details of intangible assets as of January 31, 2020 (dollar amounts in thousands):


	January 31, 2020
	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net		Remaining useful life (in years)
Existing technology	$	26,380	$	(4,808)	$	21,572	5.8
Customer relationships	111,443		(17,575)		93,868		9.0
Trade name and trademarks	13,900		(720)		13,180		4.7
Other intangibles	22,947		(16,966)		5,981		5.0
Total intangible assets	$	174,670	$	(40,069)	$	134,601

Amortization expense associated with intangible assets was $20 million, $10 million, and $7 million for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 respectively.

As of January 31, 2021, the estimated amortization expense for intangible assets, for the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):




Fiscal 2022	$	18,163
Fiscal 2023	18,163
Fiscal 2024	18,160
Fiscal 2025	17,417
Fiscal 2026	13,166
Thereafter	29,526
Total	$	114,595

The following schedule presents the details of goodwill as of January 31, 2021:



Balance as of January 31, 2019	$	95,804
Goodwill from Crossix acquisition	314,642
Goodwill from Physicians World acquisition	28,083
Balance as of January 31, 2020	438,529
Purchase price goodwill reduction from Crossix tax adjustments	(2,500)
Balance as of January 31, 2021	$	436,029


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Note 7. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of the dates shown (in thousands):


	January 31,
	2021		2020
Accrued commissions	$	7,498	$	8,951
Accrued bonus	4,134		4,329
Accrued vacation	4,716		3,921
Payroll tax payable	10,250		7,353
Accrued other compensation and benefits	3,812		1,065
Total accrued compensation and benefits	$	30,410	$	25,619
Accrued fees payable to salesforce.com	$	6,381	$	5,787

Taxes payable	13,598		4,914
Accrued third-party professional services subcontractors' fees	1,515		1,338
Other accrued expenses	9,488		9,581
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	30,982	$	21,620

Note 8. Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts of accounts receivable and other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature.

Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the consolidated financial statements are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Hierarchical levels, which are directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to the valuation of these assets or liabilities are as follows:

Level 1—Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires management to make judgments and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.


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The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	259,937	$	—	$	259,937
U.S. Treasury securities	—		15,520		15,520


Short-term investments:
Certificates of deposits	—		17,364		17,364
Asset-backed securities	—		126,576		126,576
Commercial paper	—		57,396		57,396
Corporate notes and bonds	—		431,047		431,047
Foreign government bonds	—		31,898		31,898
U.S. agency obligations	—		52,875		52,875
U.S. Treasury securities	—		215,966		215,966
Foreign currency derivative contracts	—		440		440
Total financial assets	$	259,937	$	949,082	$	1,209,019
Liabilities
Foreign currency derivative contracts	$	—	$	72	$	72
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	72	$	72

The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2020 (in thousands):


	Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	24,107	$	—	$	24,107
Commercial paper	—		1,616		1,616
Corporate notes and bonds	—		2,245		2,245
Short-term investments:
Certificates of deposits	—		3,503		3,503
Asset-backed securities	—		100,815		100,815
Commercial paper	—		19,969		19,969
Corporate notes and bonds	—		236,214		236,214
Foreign government bonds	—		3,407		3,407

U.S. Treasury securities	—		246,107		246,107
Foreign currency derivative contracts	—		75		75
Total financial assets	$	24,107	$	613,951	$	638,058
Liabilities
Foreign currency derivative contracts	$	—	$	42	$	42
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	42	$	42

We determine the fair value of our security holdings based on pricing from our service providers and market prices from industry-standard independent data providers. The valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of financial instruments having Level 2 inputs were derived from non-binding consensus prices that are corroborated by observable market data or quoted market prices for similar instruments. Such market prices may be quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 inputs) or pricing determined using inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2 inputs).


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Balance Sheet Hedges

We enter into foreign currency forward contracts in order to hedge our foreign currency exposure. We account for derivative instruments at fair value with changes in the fair value recorded as a component of other income, net, in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Cash flows from such forward contracts are classified as operating activities. The realized foreign currency losses were $2 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 and were immaterial for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2020 and 2019.

The fair value of our outstanding derivative instruments is summarized below (in thousands):


	January 31,
	2021		2020
Notional amount of foreign currency derivative contracts	$	52,516	$	7,304
Fair value of foreign currency derivative contracts	52,148		7,271

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are presented as components of the following balance sheet items for the periods shown as follows (in thousands):


		January 31,
	Balance sheet presentation	2021		2020
Foreign currency derivative contracts - assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	440	$	75
Foreign currency derivative contracts - liabilities	Accrued expenses	72		42

Note 9. Income Taxes

The components of income before income taxes by U.S. and foreign jurisdictions were as follows for the periods shown (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
	2021		2020		2019
United States	$	378,042	$	305,339	$	222,743
Foreign	15,951		8,358		15,900
Total	$	393,993	$	313,697	$	238,643

The majority of our revenues from international sales are invoiced from and collected by our U.S. entity and recognized as a component of income before taxes in the United States as opposed to a foreign jurisdiction.

Provision for income taxes consisted of the following for the periods shown (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Current provision:
Federal	$	7,108	$	11,143	$	5,466
State	4,763		4,695		4,089
Foreign	2,825		3,404		7,438
Total current provision	14,696		19,242		16,993
Deferred provision:
Federal	(816)		(1,063)		(1,910)
State	681		(517)		(619)
Foreign	(566)		(5,083)		(5,653)
Total deferred provision	(701)		(6,663)		(8,182)
Provision for income taxes	$	13,995	$	12,579	$	8,811


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Provision for income taxes differed from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate of 21% for each of the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 to income before income taxes as a result of the following for the periods shown (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Federal tax statutory tax rate	$	82,739	$	65,876	$	50,115
State taxes	4,401		3,035		3,139
Tax credits	(24,617)		(23,468)		(21,415)

Stock-based compensation	(54,488)		(34,569)		(33,332)

Valuation allowance	10,269		7,408		6,666
Impact of foreign operations	(941)		470		3,381
Foreign derived intangible income deduction (FDII)	(5,134)		(4,836)		(2,086)
Others (1)	1,766		(1,337)		2,343
Provision for income taxes	$	13,995	$	12,579	$	8,811
(1) Note: Prior periods were adjusted due to prior period reclassifications

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and liabilities related to the following (in thousands):


	January 31,
	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Accruals and reserves	$	13,494	$	10,355
State income taxes	679		931
Stock-based compensation	11,486		9,861
Net operating loss carryforward	29,318		32,916
Tax credit carryforward	29,624		21,458
Lease liabilities	15,932		13,808
Other	298		217
Gross deferred tax assets	100,831		89,546
Valuation allowance	(31,318)		(22,694)
Total deferred tax assets	69,513		66,852
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment	(141)		(650)
Intangible assets	(30,253)		(33,518)
Expensed internal-use software	(893)		(974)
Lease right-of-use assets	(14,438)		(12,717)
Deferred costs	(10,588)		(8,922)
Other	(935)		(619)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(57,248)		(57,400)
Net deferred tax assets	$	12,265	$	9,452

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance at the end of January 31, 2021 was primarily related to certain foreign and U.S. state deferred tax assets.

The net impact of our purchase price accounting allocation on our deferred tax assets and liabilities was immaterial.

As of January 31, 2021, the net operating loss carryforwards for federal, state, and foreign income tax purposes were approximately $82 million, $91 million, and $29 million, respectively. The federal net operating losses do not expire, while the state and foreign net operating losses begin to expire in 2031 and 2026, respectively.

As of January 31, 2021, we had $47 million of California research and development tax credits available to offset future taxes which do not expire.


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We evaluate tax positions for recognition using a more-likely than-not recognition threshold, and those tax positions eligible for recognition are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon the effective settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. We classify unrecognized tax benefits that are not expected to result in payment or receipt of cash within one year as “other non-current liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets. As of January 31, 2021, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $19 million, of which $9 million, if recognized, would favorably impact our effective tax rate. The aggregate changes in our total gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits are summarized as follows for the periods shown (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Beginning balance	$	14,515	$	12,597	$	11,398
Increases related to tax positions taken during the prior period	96		796		968
Increases related to tax positions taken during the current period	4,126		3,420		2,697
Decreases related to tax positions taken during the prior period	(51)		(128)		(1,754)
Audit settlements	—		—		(403)
Lapse of statute of limitations	(58)		(2,170)		(309)
Ending balance	$	18,628	$	14,515	$	12,597

Our policy is to classify interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the provision for income taxes. Interest and penalties were not significant during fiscal year ended January 31, 2021.

We file tax returns in the United States for federal, California, and other states. Fiscal years ended January 31, 2017 and forward remain open to examination for federal income tax, and fiscal years ended January 31, 2016 and forward remain open to examination for California and other states. We file tax returns in multiple foreign jurisdictions. The fiscal years ended January 31, 2015 and forward remain open to examination in these foreign jurisdictions.

Note 10. Deferred Revenue, Performance Obligations, and Unbilled Accounts Receivable

From the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the respective periods, we recognized $464 million, $353 million, and $265 million of subscription services revenue during the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Professional services revenue recognized in the same periods from the deferred revenue balances at the beginning of the respective periods was immaterial.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue and non-cancelable amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenues in future periods. We applied the practical expedient in accordance with ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606) to exclude the amounts related to professional services contracts as these contracts generally have a remaining duration of one year or less.

As of January 31, 2021, approximately $1,287 million of revenue is expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations for subscription services contracts. We expect to recognize revenue on approximately 76% of these remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months, with the balance recognized thereafter.

Unbilled Accounts Receivable

Unbilled accounts receivable consists of (i) a receivable primarily for the revenue recognized for professional services performed but not yet billed, which was $20 million and $18 million as of January 31, 2021 and January 31, 2020, respectively, and (ii) a contract asset primarily for revenue recognized from non-cancelable, multi-year orders in which fees increase annually but for which we are not contractually able to invoice until a future period, which was $27 million and $15 million as of January 31, 2021 and January 31, 2020, respectively.


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Note 11. Leases

We have operating and finance leases for corporate offices, data centers, and certain equipment. Our leases have various expiration dates through 2030, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to nine years. Our finance lease obligations for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020 were immaterial. Additionally, we are the sublessor for certain office space. Our sublease income for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020 was immaterial.

For the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our operating lease expense was $13 million, $8 million, and $6 million, respectively. Our finance lease expense was immaterial for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
	2021		2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities	$	11,401	$	7,657
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	12,214		23,546
Operating leases obtained through business combinations	—		14,550

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows (in thousands, except lease term and discount rate):


	January 31,
	2021			2020
Lease right-of-use assets	$	56,917		$	49,132

Lease liabilities	$	11,347		$	8,960
Lease liabilities, noncurrent	51,393			44,453
Total operating lease liabilities	$	62,740		$	53,413








Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	6.7 years			7.1 years


Weighted Average Discount Rate	3.8		%	4.3		%

As of January 31, 2021, remaining maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows (in thousands):





Fiscal 2022	$	12,887
Fiscal 2023	11,780
Fiscal 2024	10,585
Fiscal 2025	7,809
Fiscal 2026	6,867
Thereafter	21,576
Total operating lease payments	71,504
Less imputed interest	(8,764)
Total operating lease liabilities	$	62,740

Note 12. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

In connection with our initial public offering in October 2013 (IPO), we amended our certificate of incorporation to provide for Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and preferred stock. Immediately prior to the consummation of the IPO, all outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock and common stock were converted into shares of Class B common stock. As a result, following the IPO, we have two classes of authorized common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock.


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As of January 31, 2021, we had 137,062,817 shares of Class A common stock and 14,993,991 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

As of January 31, 2020, we had 133,892,725 shares of Class A common stock and 15,202,858 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

Voting Rights

The holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share, and holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share. The holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock vote together as a single class, unless otherwise required by our restated certificate of incorporation or by law. Delaware law could require either holders of our Class A common stock or our Class B common stock to vote separately as a single class in the following circumstances:

•if we were to seek to amend our restated certificate of incorporation to increase the authorized number of shares of a class of stock, or to increase or decrease the par value of a class of stock, then that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment; and

•if we were to seek to amend our restated certificate of incorporation in a manner that alters or changes the powers, preferences, or special rights of a class of stock in a manner that affected its holders adversely, then that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment.

Our restated certificate of incorporation requires the approval of a majority of our outstanding Class B common stock voting as a separate class for any transaction that would result in a change in control of our company.

Dividend Rights

Holders of outstanding shares of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available if our board of directors, in its discretion, determines to issue dividends and only then at the times and in the amounts that our board of directors may determine. To date, no dividends have been declared or paid by us.

No Preemptive or Similar Rights

Our common stock is not entitled to preemptive rights and is not subject to conversion, redemption, or sinking fund provisions.

Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions

Upon our dissolution, liquidation, or winding-up, the assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders are distributable ratably among the holders of our common stock, subject to prior satisfaction of all outstanding debt and liabilities and the preferential rights and payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Conversion Rights

Each outstanding share of Class B common stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of Class A common stock. In addition, each share of Class B common stock will convert automatically into one share of Class A common stock upon any transfer, whether or not for value, which occurs following the closing of our IPO, except for certain permitted transfers described in our restated certificate of incorporation, including transfers to any “permitted transferee” as defined in our restated certificate of incorporation, which includes, among others, transfers:

•to trusts, corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships, foundations or similar entities established by a Class B stockholder, provided that:

•such transfer is to entities established by a Class B stockholder where the Class B stockholder retains the exclusive right to vote and direct the disposition of the shares of Class B common stock; or

•such transfer does not involve payment of cash, securities, property, or other consideration to the Class B stockholder.


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Once converted into Class A common stock, a share of Class B common stock may not be reissued.

All the outstanding shares of Class A and Class B common stock will convert automatically into shares of a single class of common stock upon the earliest to occur of the following: (i) upon the election of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Class B common stock or (ii) October 15, 2023. Following such conversion, each share of common stock will have one vote per share and the rights of the holders of all outstanding common stock will be identical. Once converted into a single class of common stock, the Class A and Class B common stock may not be reissued.

Employee Equity Plans

Beginning in the fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2019, we implemented a new equity compensation program applicable to the vast majority of our employees but not applicable to our Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Prior to the adoption of the new equity compensation program, at the time of hire, our employees received a grant of RSUs that vested quarterly over 4 years and received additional equity from time to time thereafter. Under the new equity compensation program, the vast majority of our employees are granted both RSUs, which typically vest over a one-year period, and stock options, which typically vest over a four-year period.

2007 Stock Plan

Our board of directors adopted our 2007 Stock Plan (2007 Plan) in February 2007, and our stockholders approved it in February 2007. No further awards have been made under our 2007 Plan since the adoption of the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan. However, awards outstanding under our 2007 Plan will continue to be governed by their existing terms.

2012 Equity Incentive Plan

Our board of directors adopted our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (2012 EIP) in November 2012, and our stockholders approved it in December 2012. An amendment and restatement of the 2012 EIP was approved by our board of directors in March 2013, and our stockholders approved it in March 2013. The 2012 EIP became effective on adoption and replaced our 2007 Plan. No further awards have been made under our 2012 EIP since the adoption of the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan. However, awards outstanding under the 2012 EIP will continue to be governed by their existing terms.

2013 Equity Incentive Plan

Our board of directors adopted our 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (2013 EIP) in August 2013, and our stockholders approved it in September 2013. The 2013 EIP became effective immediately on adoption although no awards were made under it until the date of our IPO on October 15, 2013, at which time our 2013 EIP replaced our 2012 EIP.

As of January 31, 2021, the number of shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2013 EIP was 33,692,818 plus any shares of our Class B common stock subject to awards under the 2012 EIP and the 2007 Plan that expire or lapse unexercised or, with respect to shares issued pursuant to such awards, are forfeited or repurchased by us after the date of our IPO on October 15, 2013. The number of shares available for issuance under the 2013 EIP automatically increases on the first business day of each of our fiscal years, commencing in 2014, by a number equal to the least of (a) 13.75 million shares, (b) 5% of the shares of all classes of our common stock outstanding on the last business day of the prior fiscal year, or (c) the number of shares determined by our board of directors. During our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, our board of directors determined to add 6,709,301 shares of common stock to the 2013 EIP.

2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) was adopted by our board of directors in August 2013 and our stockholders approved it in September 2013. The ESPP became effective as of our IPO registration statement on Form S-1, on October 15, 2013. Our ESPP is intended to qualify under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (Code). The ESPP was approved with a reserve of 4 million shares of Class A common stock for future issuance under various terms provided for in the ESPP. As of January 31, 2021, the number of shares available for issuance under our ESPP was 4,897,856. The number of shares available for issuance under the ESPP automatically increases on the first business day of each of our fiscal years, commencing in 2014, by a number equal to the least of (a) 2.2 million shares, (b) 1% of the shares of all classes of our common stock outstanding on the last business day of the prior fiscal year or (c) the number of shares determined by our board of


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directors. During our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, our board of directors determined no additional shares were to be made available for issuance under the ESPP.

During active offering periods, our ESPP permits eligible employees to acquire shares of our common stock at 85% of the lower of the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the first day of the applicable offering period or the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the purchase date. Participants may purchase shares of common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their eligible compensation, subject to any plan limitations. The initial offering period for our ESPP commenced on the date of our initial public offering and ended on June 15, 2014. We have not had any open offering periods subsequent to the initial offering period.

Stock Option Activity

The 2007 Stock Plan and the 2012 EIP provided, and the 2013 EIP provides, for the issuance of incentive and nonstatutory options to employees, consultants and non-employee directors. Options issued under and outside of the 2007 Plan generally are exercisable for periods not to exceed 10 years and generally vest over four to five years. Options issued under the 2012 EIP and 2013 EIP generally are exercisable for periods not to exceed 10 years and generally vest over four years, with certain options vesting over five to nine years. A summary of stock option activity for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 is as follows:


	Number of shares	Weighted average exercise price		Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions)
Options outstanding at January 31, 2020	13,448,026	$	40.64	5.4	$	1,427
Options granted	1,427,362	181.18
Options exercised	(1,839,723)	18.92
Options forfeited/cancelled	(274,376)	123.50
Options outstanding at January 31, 2021	12,761,289	$	57.48	5.0	$	2,794
Options vested and exercisable at January 31, 2021	6,817,037	$	17.50	2.9	$	1,765
Options vested and exercisable at January 31, 2021 and expected to vest thereafter	12,761,289	$	57.48	5.0	$	2,794

The options granted during the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 were predominantly made in connection with our annual performance review cycle. The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted was $71.86, $60.05, and $35.43 for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

As of January 31, 2021, there was $215 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options granted under the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan and 2013 Equity Incentive Plan. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.2 years.

As of January 31, 2021, we had authorized and unissued shares of common stock sufficient to satisfy exercises of stock options.

Our closing stock price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange as of January 29, 2021, the last trading day of fiscal year 2021 was $276.44. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was approximately $376 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021.


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Restricted Stock Units

The 2013 EIP provides for the issuance of RSUs to employees. RSUs issued under the 2013 EIP generally vest over one to five years. A summary of RSU activity for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 is as follows:


	Unreleased restricted stock units	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at January 31, 2020	1,818,622	$	95.23
RSUs granted	455,000	185.06
RSUs vested	(1,121,502)	105.24
RSUs forfeited / cancelled	(119,905)	111.50
Balance at January 31, 2021	1,032,215	121.98

As of January 31, 2021, there was a total of $109 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.4 years. The total intrinsic value of RSUs vested was $261 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021.

Stock-Based Compensation

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the grant date fair value of options granted during the periods presented:


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021					2020						2019
Volatility				39	%	-	42%			39	%	-	41%			41%
Expected term (in years)		6.25	-	7.25			5.64		-	6.61			6.25		-	6.35
Risk-free interest rate							0.33	%	-	1.43%			1.39	%	-	2.52%	2.57	%	-	2.74%
Dividend yield		0%					0%						0%

Note 13. Other Income

Other income, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020		2019
Foreign currency gain (loss)		$	2,275	$	(708)	$	(2,103)
(Amortization) accretion on investments		(3,082)		3,001		2,492
Interest income, net		15,859		25,185		15,388
Miscellaneous income		1,147		—		—
Other income, net		$	16,199	$	27,478	$	15,777

Note 14. Net Income per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares outstanding, including potentially dilutive shares of common equivalents outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of potential shares of common stock are determined using the treasury stock method.

The computation of fully diluted net income per share of Class A common stock assumes the conversion from Class B common stock, while the fully diluted net income per share of Class B common stock does not assume the conversion of those shares.


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The numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income per share computations for our common stock are calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021	2020				2019
			Class A		Class B		Class A		Class B		Class A		Class B
Basic
Numerator
Net income, basic			$	341,866	$	38,132	$	266,104	$	35,014	$	194,607	$	35,225
Denominator
Weighted average shares used in computing net income per share, basic			135,547		15,119		130,610		17,186		122,137		22,107
Net income per share, basic			$	2.52	$	2.52	$	2.04	$	2.04	$	1.59	$	1.59
Diluted
Numerator
Net income, basic			$	341,866	$	38,132	$	266,104	$	35,014	$	194,607	$	35,225
Reallocation as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock:
Net income, basic			38,132		—		35,014		—		35,225		—
Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock			—		21,409		—		17,652		—		14,800
Net income, diluted			$	379,998	$	59,541	$	301,118	$	52,666	$	229,832	$	50,025
Denominator
Number of shares used for basic net income per share computation			135,547		15,119		130,610		17,186		122,137		22,107
Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock			15,119		—		17,186		—		22,107		—
Effect of potentially dilutive common shares			10,066		10,066		10,500		10,500		11,873		11,873
Weighted average shares used in computing net income per share, diluted			160,732		25,185		158,296		27,686		156,117		33,980
Net income per share, diluted			$	2.36	$	2.36	$	1.90	$	1.90	$	1.47	$	1.47

Potential common share equivalents excluded where the inclusion would be anti-dilutive are as follows:


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021	2020	2019
Options and awards to purchase shares not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive		1,045,222	1,461,255	3,054,322

Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

IQVIA Litigation Matters

Veeva OpenData and Veeva Network Action

On January 10, 2017, IQVIA Inc. (formerly Quintiles IMS Incorporated) and IMS Software Services, Ltd. (collectively, “IQVIA”) filed a complaint against us in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey (IQVIA Inc. v. Veeva Systems Inc. (No. 2:17-cv-00177)) (OpenData and Network Action). In the complaint, IQVIA alleges that we have used unauthorized access to proprietary IQVIA data to improve our software and data products and that our software is designed to steal IQVIA trade secrets. IQVIA further alleges that we have intentionally gained unauthorized access to IQVIA proprietary information to gain an unfair advantage in marketing our products and that we have made false statements concerning IQVIA’s conduct and our data security capabilities. IQVIA asserts claims under both federal and state misappropriation of trade secret laws, federal false advertising law, and common law claims for unjust enrichment, tortious interference, and unfair trade practices. The complaint seeks declaratory and injunctive relief and unspecified monetary damages.


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On March 13, 2017, we filed our answer denying IQVIA's claims and filed counterclaims in the OpenData and Network Action. Our counterclaims allege that IQVIA has abused monopoly power as the dominant provider of data products for life sciences companies to exclude Veeva OpenData and Veeva Network from their respective markets. The counterclaims allege that IQVIA has engaged in various tactics to prevent customers from using our applications and has deliberately raised costs and difficulty for customers attempting to switch from IQVIA to our data products. As amended, our counterclaims assert federal and state antitrust claims, as well as claims under California’s Unfair Practices Act and common law claims for intentional interference with contractual relations, intentional interference with prospective economic advantage, and negligent misrepresentation. The counterclaims seek injunctive relief, monetary damages exceeding $200 million, and attorneys’ fees.

On May 3, 2017, in lieu of filing an answer, IQVIA filed a motion to dismiss our counterclaims. On October 3, 2018, the court denied IQVIA’s motion to dismiss and allowed our antitrust claims to proceed. In addition, on December 3, 2018, we filed an amended answer and counterclaims. IQVIA filed its answer and affirmative defenses on December 21, 2018.

On February 18, 2020, IQVIA filed a motion for sanctions against Veeva, seeking default judgment and dismissal and, in the alternative, a negative inference at trial. Veeva responded to the motion and on October 29, 2020, a hearing was held before the Special Master appointed to assist the court with discovery and pretrial disputes. No ruling has been issued.

Discovery is currently in process.

While it is not possible at this time to predict with any degree of certainty the ultimate outcome of this action, and we are unable to make a meaningful estimate of the amount or range of gain or loss, if any, that could result from the OpenData and Network Action, we believe that IQVIA’s claims lack merit and that our counterclaims warrant injunctive relief and monetary damages for Veeva.

Veeva Nitro Action

On July 17, 2019, IQVIA filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey (IQVIA Inc. v. Veeva Systems Inc. (No. 2:19-cv-15517)) (IQVIA Declaratory Action) seeking a declaratory judgment that IQVIA is not liable to Veeva for disallowing use of IQVIA’s data products in Veeva Nitro or any later-introduced Veeva software products. The IQVIA Declaratory Action does not seek any monetary relief.

On July 18, 2019, we filed a lawsuit against IQVIA in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (Veeva Systems Inc. v. IQVIA Inc. (No. 3:19-cv-04137)) (Veeva Nitro Action), alleging that IQVIA engaged in anticompetitive conduct as to Veeva Nitro. Our complaint asserts federal and state antitrust claims, as well as claims under California’s Unfair Competition Law and common law claims for intentional interference with contractual relations and intentional interference with prospective economic advantage. The complaint seeks injunctive relief and monetary damages. IQVIA filed its answer and affirmative defenses on September 5, 2019.

On September 26, 2019, the Northern District of California transferred the Veeva Nitro Action to the District of New Jersey.

On March 24, 2020, we amended our complaint in the Veeva Nitro Action to include allegations of IQVIA’s anticompetitive conduct as to additional Veeva software applications, such as Veeva Andi, Veeva Align, and Veeva Vault MedComms; additional examples of IQVIA’s monopolistic behavior against Veeva Nitro; IQVIA’s unlawful access of Veeva’s proprietary software products; and a request for declaratory relief. IQVIA answered the amended complaint on May 22, 2020.

On August 21, 2020, the District of New Jersey consolidated the Veeva Nitro Action and IQVIA Declaratory Action, and stayed both actions pending conclusion of the OpenData and Network Action.

While it is not possible at this time to predict with any degree of certainty the ultimate outcome of this action, we believe that our claims warrant injunctive and declaratory relief and monetary damages for Veeva and against IQVIA.

Fee Arrangements Related to the IQVIA Litigation Matters. We have entered into a partial contingency fee arrangements with certain law firms representing us in the IQVIA litigations. Pursuant to those arrangements, such


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law firms are entitled to an agreed portion of any damages we recover from IQVIA (Contingency Fees) or may be entitled to payment of additional fees from us based on the achievement of certain outcomes (Success Fees). While it is reasonably possible that we may incur such Success Fees, we are unable to make an estimate of any such liability and have not accrued any liability related to Success Fees at this time.

Medidata Litigation Matter

On January 26, 2017, Medidata Solutions, Inc. filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (Medidata Solutions, Inc. v. Veeva Systems Inc. et al. (No. 1:17-cv-00589)) against us and five individual Veeva employees who previously worked for Medidata (Individual Employees). The complaint alleged that we induced and conspired with the Individual Employees to breach their employment agreements, including non-compete and confidentiality provisions, and to misappropriate Medidata’s confidential and trade secret information. The complaint sought declaratory and injunctive relief, unspecified monetary damages, and attorneys’ fees. Medidata has since amended its complaint twice, asserting the same claims with additional factual allegations, and has voluntarily dismissed the Individual Defendants without prejudice.

Discovery is now completed. On April 24, 2020, Medidata filed a motion for partial summary judgment on its claims for trade secret misappropriation as well as several of Veeva’s affirmative defenses. On May 15, 2020, we filed a motion for summary judgment on all of Medidata’s claims. On February 9, 2021, the court issued it ruling granting summary judgment in favor of Veeva as to certain of Medidata's claims and in favor of Medidata as to certain of Veeva's affirmative defenses. A trial date has been set for September 20, 2021. While it is not possible at this time to predict with any degree of certainty the ultimate outcome of this action, and we are unable to make a meaningful estimate of the amount or range of loss, if any, that could result from any unfavorable outcome, we believe that Medidata’s claims lack merit.

Other Litigation Matters

From time to time, we may be involved in other legal proceedings and subject to claims incident to the ordinary course of business. Although the results of such legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe we are not currently a party to any other legal proceedings, the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, or financial position. Regardless of the outcome, such proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of resources, and other factors, and there can be no assurances that favorable outcomes will be obtained.

Value-Added Reseller Agreement

We have a value-added reseller agreement with salesforce.com, inc. for our use of the Salesforce Platform in combination with our developed technology to deliver certain of our multichannel CRM applications, including hosting infrastructure and data center operations provided by salesforce.com. The agreement, as amended, requires that we meet minimum order commitments of $500 million over the term of the agreement, which ends on September 1, 2025, including “true-up” payments if the orders we place with salesforce.com have not equaled or exceeded the following aggregate amounts within the timeframes indicated: (i) $250 million for the period from March 1, 2014 to September 1, 2020 and (ii) the full amount of $500 million by September 1, 2025. We have met our first minimum order requirement commitment of $250 million, and as of January 31, 2021, we remained obligated to pay fees of at least $57 million prior to September 1, 2025 in connection with this agreement.


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Note 16. Revenues by Product

Our industry cloud solutions are grouped into two key product areas—Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Vault. Veeva Commercial Cloud is a suite of software and data and analytics solutions built specifically for life sciences companies to more efficiently and effectively commercialize their products. Veeva Vault is a unified suite of cloud-based, enterprise content and data management applications.

Total revenues consist of the following (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020		2019
Subscription services
Veeva Commercial Cloud		$	599,234	$	468,615	$	395,039
Veeva Vault		580,252		427,679		299,428
Total subscription services		1,179,486		896,294		694,467
Professional services
Veeva Commercial Cloud		113,498		76,347		62,557
Veeva Vault		172,085		131,440		105,186
Total professional services		285,583		207,787		167,743
Total revenues		$	1,465,069	$	1,104,081	$	862,210

Note 17. Information about Geographic Areas

We track and allocate revenues by principal geographic area rather than by individual country, which makes it impractical to disclose revenues for the United States or other specific foreign countries. We measure subscription services revenue primarily by the estimated location of the end users in each geographic area for Veeva Commercial Cloud and primarily by the estimated location of usage in each geographic area for Veeva Vault. We measure professional services revenue primarily by the location of the resources performing the professional services.

Total revenues by geographic area were as follows for the periods shown below (in thousands):


	Fiscal year ended January 31,
		2021		2020		2019
North America		$	838,192	$	607,704	$	480,713
Europe		400,790		310,215		228,784
Asia Pacific		183,848		151,052		124,431
Middle East, Africa, and Latin America		42,239		35,110		28,282
Total revenues		$	1,465,069	$	1,104,081	$	862,210

Long-lived assets by geographic area are as follows as of the periods shown below (in thousands):


	January 31,
	2021		2020
North America	$	46,285	$	51,334
Europe	5,525		1,772
Asia Pacific	1,359		1,341
Middle East, Africa, and Latin America	481		305
Total long-lived assets	$	53,650	$	54,752

Note 18. 401(k) Plan

We have a qualified defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code covering eligible employees as well as a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) for eligible employees in Canada. Under the 401(k) plan, we match up to $2,000 per employee per year. Under the RRSP plan, we also match up to $2,000 per employee per year. For the fiscal years ended January 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, total expense related to these plans was $6 million, $4 million, and $3 million, respectively.


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Note 19. Related-Party Transaction

In September 2016, we entered into an agreement with Zoom Video Communications, Inc. (Zoom) to embed two of their products into our multichannel CRM applications. Pursuant to this agreement, we will pay Zoom a fixed annual fee that is not material to us. We have also entered into a contract with Zoom pursuant to which Zoom provides conference call, video conference, and web conference capabilities for our internal use. Pursuant to this agreement, we pay Zoom a fee based on usage that has not been material in the past and that we do not expect to be material in the future. Our chief executive officer is on the board of directors of Zoom. Also, another member of our board of directors is the founder and a general partner of Emergence Capital Partners, one of Zoom's investors.

Note 20. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

Selected summarized quarterly financial information for fiscal years ended January 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	Three months ended
		January 31,		October 31,		July 31,		April 30,		January 31,		October 31,		July 31,		April 30,
		2021		2020		2020		2020		2020		2019		2019		2019
Consolidated Statements of Income Data:
Revenues		$	396,761	$	377,519	$	353,683	$	337,106	$	311,508	$	280,921	$	266,900	$	244,752
Gross profit		282,914		274,522		256,479		242,226		217,189		207,592		196,682		179,249
Operating income		98,843		101,305		90,081		87,565		60,394		80,800		73,856		71,169
Net income		102,918		96,959		93,551		86,570		66,182		82,245		79,242		73,449
Net income per share:
Basic		$	0.68	$	0.64	$	0.62	$	0.58	$	0.44	$	0.56	$	0.54	$	0.50
Diluted		$	0.64	$	0.60	$	0.58	$	0.54	$	0.42	$	0.52	$	0.50	$	0.47

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

Not applicable.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of January 31, 2021. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of January 31, 2021, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Our management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2021 based on the criteria set forth in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the assessment, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of January 31, 2021 to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of


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financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, has issued an audit report with respect to our internal control over financial reporting, which appears in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

(d) Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been or would be detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

PART III.

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

The information required by this item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders (Proxy Statement), which we expect to file not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021, and is incorporated in this report by reference.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

The information required by this item will be set forth in the Proxy Statement, which we expect to file not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended January 31, 2021 and is incorporated in this report by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.


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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.

PART IV.

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

(a) Documents Filed. The following documents are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Form 10-K:

1. Financial Statements. See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

2. Financial Statement Schedules. All schedules have been omitted because the information required to be presented in them is not applicable or is shown in the consolidated financial statements or related notes.

3. Exhibits. We have filed, or incorporated into this Form 10-K by reference, the exhibits listed on the accompanying Exhibit Index immediately preceding the signature page of this Form 10-K.

(b) Exhibits. See Item 15(a)(3) above.

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY.

A Form 10-K summary is provided at the beginning of this document, with hyperlinked cross-references. This allows users to easily locate the corresponding items in this Form 10-K, where the disclosure is fully presented. The summary does not include certain Part III information that is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement.


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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number

Exhibit Description

Incorporated by Reference

Filed
Herewith

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

2.1

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated September 26, 2019, among Veeva Systems Inc., P109 Merger Sub., Inc., Crossix Solutions Inc. and the other sellers party thereto.

8-K

001-36121

2.1

9/26/2019

3.1

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Veeva Systems Inc.

8-K

001-36121

3.1

2/1/2021

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Veeva Systems Inc.

8-K

001-36121

3.1

3/22/2021

4.1

Form of Registrant’s Class A common stock certificate.

S-1/A

333-191085

4.1

10/3/2013

4.2

Description of Capital Stock.

10.1

Data Processing Addendum, dated April 4, 2014, to Value-Added Reseller Agreement, between Registrant and salesforce.com, inc., as amended.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

6/6/2014

10.2

Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated June 11, 2014, between Registrant and The Duffield Family Foundation, as amended July 16, 2014.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

9/11/2014

10.3

Description of Non- Employee Director Compensation.

10.4*

Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and each of its directors and officers.

8-K

001-36121

10.1

2/1/2021

10.5*

2007 Stock Plan and forms of agreements thereunder.

S-1

333-191085

10.2

9/11/2013

10.6*

2012 Equity Incentive Plan and forms of agreements thereunder.

S-1

333-191085

10.3

9/11/2013

10.7*

2013 Equity Incentive Plan and forms of agreements thereunder.

10.8*

2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

S-1/A

333-191085

10.5

10/3/2013

10.9**

Amended and Restated Value-Added Reseller Agreement, dated September 2, 2010, between Registrant and salesforce.com, inc., as amended December 3, 2010, December 13, 2010, April 15, 2011, August 23, 2011, September 29, 2011, April 3, 2012 and May 24, 2012.

S-1/A

333-191085

10.7

9/20/2013

10.10**

Eighth Amendment, dated March 3, 2014, to Amended and Restated Value-Added Reseller Agreement, dated September 2, 2010, between Registrant and salesforce.com, inc., as amended.

8-K

001-36121

10.1

3/4/2014

10.11*

Offer letter, dated June 20, 2013, between Peter P. Gassner and the Registrant.

S-1

333-191085

10.8

9/11/2013

10-K

10.12*

Offer letter, dated January 25, 2010, between Timothy S. Cabral and the Registrant.

S-1

333-191085

10.10

9/11/2013

10.13*

Offer letter, dated March 16, 2012, between Ronald E. F. Codd and the Registrant.

S-1

333-191085

10.11

9/11/2013

10.14*

Offer letter, dated August 14, 2012, between Jonathan W. Faddis and the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

6/4/2015


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Exhibit
Number

Exhibit Description

Incorporated by Reference

Filed
Herewith

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

10.15

Data Processing Addendum, dated January 23, 2016, to Value-Added Reseller Agreement, between Registrant and salesforce.com, inc., as amended.

10-K

001-36121

10.17

3/31/2016

10.16*

Offer letter, dated February 20, 2015, between Alan V. Mateo and the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

6/8/2016

10.17*

Offer letter, dated January 23, 2013, between E. Nitsa Zuppas and the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36121

10.2

6/8/2016

10.18

Ninth Amendment, dated August 11, 2016, to Amended and Restated Value-Added Reseller Agreement, between salesforce.com, inc. and the Registrant, as amended.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

9/8/2016

10.19*

Offer Letter, dated January 15, 2016, between Frederic Lequient and the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

6/8/2017

10.20*

2013 Equity Incentive Plan Forms of Notice of Stock Option Grants to Peter P. Gassner.

10-K

001-36121

10.22

3/30/2018

10.21*

Offer Letter, dated March 17, 2019, between Tom Schwenger and the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

6/4/2020

10.22*

Offer Letter, dated April 19, 2020, between Brent Bowman and the Registrant.

8-K

001-36121

10.1

8/31/2020

10.23*

Advisor Agreement, dated September 4, 2020, between Tim Cabral and the Registrant.

10-Q

001-36121

10.1

12/9/2020

21.1

List of Subsidiaries of Registrant.

23.1

Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

24.1

Power of Attorney (see page 90 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K).

31.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

31.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

32.1†

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

32.2†

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Schema Linkbase Document.

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Labels Linkbase Document.


88			Veeva Systems Inc. \| Form 10-K

Table of Contents

Exhibit
Number

Exhibit Description

Incorporated by Reference

Filed
Herewith

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.

104

104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.

** Portions of this exhibit (indicated by asterisks) have been omitted pursuant to an order granting confidential treatment. Omitted portions have been submitted separately to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

† The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 and 32.2 that accompany this Form 10-K are not deemed filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Veeva Systems Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-K, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.


Veeva Systems Inc. \| Form 10-K			89

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Pleasanton, State of California, on this 30th day of March, 2021.


						Veeva Systems Inc.

						By:			/s/ BRENT BOWMAN
									Brent Bowman Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Peter P. Gassner and Brent Bowman, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully for all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

Date

/s/ Peter P. Gassner

Chief Executive Officer and Director

March 30, 2021

Peter P. Gassner

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Brent Bowman

Chief Financial Officer

March 30, 2021

Brent Bowman

(Principal Financial Officer)

/s/ Michele O'Connor

Chief Accounting Officer

March 30, 2021

Michele O'Connor

(Principal Accounting Officer)

/s/ Tim Barabe

Director

March 30, 2021

Tim Barabe

/s/ Mark Carges

Director

March 30, 2021

Mark Carges

/s/ Paul Chamberlain

Director

March 30, 2021

Paul Chamberlain

/s/ Ronald E.F. Codd

Director

March 30, 2021

Ronald E.F. Codd

/s/ Mary Lynne Hedley

Director

March 30, 2021

Mary Lynne Hedley

/s/ Gordon Ritter

Chairman of the Board of Directors

March 30, 2021

Gordon Ritter

/s/ Paul Sekhri

Director

March 30, 2021

Paul Sekhri

/s/ Matthew J. Wallach

Director

March 30, 2021

Matthew J. Wallach


Veeva Systems Inc. \| Form 10-K			90