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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One) 

☒						QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

OR

☐						TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from _____________ to ______________                 

Commission File No. 0-19341

BOK FINANCIAL CORP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Oklahoma									73-1373454
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)									(IRS Employer Identification No.)
Bank of Oklahoma Tower
Boston Avenue at Second Street
Tulsa,			Oklahoma						74192
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)									(Zip Code)

 

(918) 588-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.       Yes  ý  No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).Yes  ý  No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  ý                                               Accelerated filer           ¨            Non-accelerated filer   ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)     Smaller reporting company ☐

                                    Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).   Yes  ☐  No  ý

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 70,305,833 shares of common stock ($.00006 par value) as of September 30, 2020.

BOK Financial Corporation

Form 10-Q

Quarter Ended September 30, 2020

Index

Part I.  Financial Information
Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Item 2)			1
Market Risk (Item 3)			43
Controls and Procedures (Item 4)			46
Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Item 1)			47
Quarterly Financial Summary – Unaudited (Item 2)			107
Quarterly Earnings Trend – Unaudited			109
Part II.  Other Information
Item 1.  Legal Proceedings			110
Item 1A. Risk Factors			110
Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			111
Item 6.  Exhibits			111
Signatures			112

---

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Performance Summary

BOK Financial Corporation (“the Company”) reported net income of $154.0 million or $2.19 per diluted share for the third quarter of 2020. Net income was $142.2 million or $2.00 per diluted share for the third quarter of 2019 and $64.7 million or $0.92 per diluted share for the second quarter of 2020. No provision for expected credit losses was necessary in the third quarter of 2020. The Company recorded a pre-tax provision for expected credit losses of $135.3 million in the second quarter of 2020. A pre-tax provision for incurred credit losses of $12.0 million was recorded in the third quarter of 2019.

Highlights of the third quarter of 2020 included:

•Net interest revenue totaled $271.8 million, a decrease of $7.3 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. Net interest margin was 2.81 percent for the third quarter of 2020 compared to 3.01 percent for the third quarter of 2019. Discount accretion on acquired loans totaled $13.3 million in the third quarter of 2020, $10.9 million in the third quarter of 2019 and $3.3 million in the second quarter of 2020. While the company has been proactive in reducing deposit costs and implementing LIBOR floors in loan agreements, recent interest rate cuts continue to compress the net interest margin. Average earning assets were $39.6 billion for the third quarter of 2020 compared to $37.7 billion for the third quarter of 2019. Net interest revenue decreased $6.4 million compared to the second quarter of 2020. Net interest margin decreased 2 basis points. Excluding discount accretion, net interest margin was 2.67 percent compared to 2.80 percent in the prior quarter.

•Fees and commissions revenue totaled $222.9 million, an increase of $36.7 million over the third quarter of 2019. Brokerage and trading revenue increased $25.7 million and mortgage banking revenue increased $21.8 million. Low mortgage interest rates drove increases in mortgage production and related U.S. agency mortgage-backed trading activity. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in deposit service charges and fiduciary and asset management revenue. We have voluntarily waived certain administration fees in the third quarter of 2020. Fees and commissions revenue increased $9.2 million over the second quarter of 2020, largely due to growth in trading revenue, customer hedging revenue and loan syndication activity. Deposit service charges also increased as many "Stay at Home" orders have been lifted and customer activity starts to return to more normal levels.

•Other operating expense totaled $301.3 million, a $22.0 million increase compared to the third quarter of 2019. Personnel expense increased $17.3 million, largely due to an increase in incentive compensation costs. This increase reflects the growth in our trading activity as well as changes related to vesting assumptions regarding the Company's earnings per share growth relative to a defined peer group. Non-personnel expense increased $4.7 million over the third quarter of 2019. Net losses and expenses of repossessed assets increased $4.5 million due to write-downs on two repossessed properties. Other increases in data processing and communications expense, deposit insurance expense, and professional fees were mostly offset by a decrease in business promotion expense. Operating expense increased $5.9 million compared to the second quarter of 2020. Personnel expense increased $3.6 million. Incentive compensation increased $5.6 million. Non-personnel expense increased $2.3 million compared to the second quarter of 2020. Increases in net losses and expenses on two repossessed properties, professional fees, and data processing and communications expense were partially offset by decreases in occupancy and equipment expense and other expenses. In addition, the second quarter of 2020 included a $3.0 million charitable contribution to the BOKF Foundation.

•Period-end outstanding loan balances totaled $23.8 billion at September 30, 2020, a decrease of $353 million compared to June 30, 2020, largely due to repayment of defensive draws taken earlier in the year and purposeful deleveraging by our customers. Average loan balances were relatively consistent with the prior quarter at $24.1 billion.

•The allowance for loan losses totaled $420 million or 1.76 percent of outstanding loans and 195 percent of nonaccruing loans at September 30, 2020, excluding residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. The combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments was $448 million or 1.88 percent of outstanding loans at September 30, 2020. Excluding Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans, the allowance for loan losses was 1.93 percent of outstanding loans and the combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments was 2.06 percent. Excluding PPP loans, the allowance for loan losses was $436 million or 1.97 percent of outstanding loans and the combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments was $469 million or 2.12 percent of outstanding loans at June 30, 2020.

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•Nonperforming assets not guaranteed by U.S. government agencies decreased $17 million compared to June 30, 2020. Potential problem loans decreased $2.9 million while other loans especially mentioned decreased $42 million. Net charge-offs were $22.4 million or 0.41 percent of average loans on an annualized basis for the third quarter of 2020, excluding PPP loans. Net charge-offs were 0.30 percent of average loans, excluding PPP loans, over the last four quarters. Net charge-offs were $14.1 million or 0.25 percent of average loans on an annualized basis for the second quarter of 2020, excluding PPP loans.

•Period-end deposits were $35.0 billion at September 30, 2020, a $1.1 billion increase compared to June 30, 2020. Interest-bearing transaction deposits increased $1.3 billion. Average deposits increased $2.0 billion, including a $1.7 billion increase in interest-bearing transaction deposits. Continued deposit growth was due primarily to customers retaining higher balances in the current economic environment.

•The common equity Tier 1 capital ratio at September 30, 2020 was 12.07 percent. Other regulatory capital ratios were Tier 1 capital ratio, 12.07 percent, total capital ratio, 14.05 percent, and leverage ratio, 8.39 percent. We have elected to implement relief afforded by the CARES Act, which allows us to defer a portion of the impact to regulatory capital resulting from our adoption of CECL over the next two years, followed by a phase out of that deferral over the following three years. At June 30, 2020, the common equity Tier 1 capital ratio was 11.44 percent, the Tier 1 capital ratio was 11.44 percent, total capital ratio was 13.43 percent, and leverage ratio was 7.74 percent.

•The Company paid a regular cash dividend of $35.8 million or $0.51 per common share during the third quarter of 2020. On November 3, 2020, the board of directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.52 per common share payable on or about November 24, 2020 to shareholders of record as of November 16, 2020.

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Critical Accounting Policies & Estimates

The Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company's accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2019 Form 10-K. Management makes significant assumptions and estimates in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes in conformity with GAAP that may be highly subjective, complex and subject to variability. Actual results could differ significantly from these assumptions and estimates. The following discussion represents significant changes to critical accounting policies and estimates during 2020 in the most critical areas where these assumptions and estimates could affect the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. Significant changes to critical accounting policies and estimates have been discussed with the appropriate committees of the Board of Directors.

Allowance for Loan Losses and Accrual for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Risk from Loan Commitments

The allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments represent the portion of amortized cost basis of loans and related unfunded commitments we do not expect to collect over the asset’s contractual life, considering past events, current conditions, as well as reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. Determining appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments requires management judgment about effects of uncertain matters, resulting in a subjective calculation which contains a certain amount of imprecision. Because of the subjective forward-looking nature of the calculation, changes in these measures may not directly correlate with actual economic events. In future periods, management judgment may consider new or changed information which may cause significant changes in these allowances in those future periods.

As of January 1, 2020 BOK Financial’s accounting policies have changed significantly with the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Assets Measured at Amortized Cost ("ASU 2016-13" or "CECL"). Prior years are not restated. Prior to January 1, 2020, general allowances and nonspecific allowances were based on incurred credit losses. See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the description of the expected credit losses calculation of the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments.

For the majority of risk-graded loans, the accruing loan’s expected credit loss estimate is sensitive to management judgment, particularly probability of default and loss given default assumptions, changes in specific macroeconomic factor forecasts, the probability weight assigned to each economic scenario, and judgmental allocations for risks otherwise not captured in the calculation.

Probability of default and loss given default measurements are based on historical data that may not be a good predictor of future performance or actual losses. Probability of default is based on risk grades, a subjective measurement of the risk of a loan. This subjective assessment of risk may not reflect actual risk of loss.

Other subjective measures include the forecast for each relevant economic loss driver and the probability weighting of economic scenarios, both of which are overseen by a senior management committee with members independent of the allowance process. Determining appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments requires management judgment about effects of uncertain matters which may be reflected as industry or product judgmental allocations or nonspecific allowances. This results in a subjective calculation which is inherently imprecise.

Although the resulting expected credit loss estimate represents management’s best estimates at the time, actual credit losses will differ from management’s estimate. Portfolio composition will change over time, actual economic conditions will differ from probability-weighted assumptions, borrower-specific circumstances will change, as well as other factors. Differences between actual losses and management's estimates may materially affect the Company's results of operations.

Goodwill Impairment

Goodwill for each reporting unit is evaluated for impairment annually as of October 1st or more frequently if conditions indicate that impairment may have occurred. The evaluation of possible goodwill impairment involves significant judgment based upon short-term and long-term projections of future performance.

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During the evaluation for impairment, management qualitatively assesses whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units is less than their carrying value, including goodwill. Reporting unit carrying value includes sufficient capital to exceed regulatory requirements. This assessment includes consideration of relevant events and circumstances including, but not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, the financial and stock performance of the Company and other relevant factors. Specifically, the analysis may include:

•General economic conditions including overall economic activity, consumer spending and mobility, unemployment rates, consumer confidence, and duration and severity of any current market moving instability.

•Global health concerns including ongoing pandemics or potential for widespread health issues, the future course of a pandemic and the potential for medical advances.

•Regional economic conditions including demand for oil and price stability of oil, other overarching conditions that may be affecting any of the Company's primary states such as weather or other catastrophes, pandemics and health related lockdowns, or other state mandates.

•Industry conditions including federal funds rate movement by the Federal Reserve, the interest rate environment and the resulting effect on net interest revenue and operating revenue, and regulatory mandates that hinder or provide relief to the financial services industry.

•Company specific conditions including current and forecasted income, changes in stock price, the Company's stock price compared to peers and other indexes, book value per share compared to fair value per share, goodwill compared to total shareholders' equity, current capital and liquidity position, demand for products and services, health of the loan portfolio and other credit related factors, and current credit ratings with the ratings agencies, and regulatory ratings.

•Reporting unit performance and forecasts including any event that may significantly impact a reporting unit.

If management concludes based on the qualitative assessment that goodwill may be impaired, a quantitative impairment test will be applied to goodwill at all reporting units. The quantitative analysis compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated by the discounted future earnings method. Goodwill is considered impaired if the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill.

Both the qualitative assessment and quantitative analysis require significant management judgment, including estimates of changes in future economic conditions and their underlying causes and duration, the reasonableness and effectiveness of management's responses to those changes, changes in governmental fiscal and monetary policies, and fair value measurements based largely on significant unobservable inputs. The results of these judgments may have a significant impact on the Company's reported results of operations.

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Results of Operations

Net Interest Revenue and Net Interest Margin

Net interest revenue is the interest earned on debt securities, loans and other interest-earning assets less interest paid for interest-bearing deposits and other borrowings. The net interest margin is calculated by dividing tax-equivalent net interest revenue by average interest-earning assets. Net interest spread is the difference between the average rate earned on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is typically greater than net interest spread due to interest income earned on assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities such as demand deposits and equity.

Tax-equivalent net interest revenue totaled $274.2 million for the third quarter of 2020 and $282.0 million in the third quarter of 2019. Net purchase accounting discount accretion was $13.3 million in the third quarter of 2020 and $10.9 million in the third quarter of 2019. Table 1 shows the effect on net interest revenue from changes in average balances and interest rates for various types of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

Net interest margin was 2.81 percent for the third quarter of 2020, compared to 3.01 percent for the third quarter of 2019. Loan discount accretion added 14 basis points to net interest margin in the third quarter of 2020 and 12 basis points in the third quarter of 2019. Recent rate cuts in response to the economic environment resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic have compressed the net interest margin. While the company has been proactive in reducing deposit costs and implementing LIBOR floors in loan agreements to support the margin, the continued decline in average LIBOR during the third quarter reduced the yield on both floating-rate loans and securities. Principal cash flows received from maturities of the available-for-sale securities portfolio continue to be reinvested at lower rates. The tax-equivalent yield on earning assets was 3.04 percent, a decrease of 121 basis points compared to the third quarter of 2019. Loan yields decreased 152 basis points to 3.60 percent. This includes a 19 basis point benefit from PPP loan fees. The available for sale securities portfolio yield decreased 49 basis points to 2.11 percent and the yield on trading securities decreased 157 basis points to 1.92 percent. The yield on fair value option securities decreased 87 basis points to 1.92 percent.

Funding costs decreased 137 basis points compared to the third quarter of 2019. The cost of other borrowed funds decreased 200 basis points and the cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 91 basis points. The benefit to net interest margin from earning assets funded by non-interest bearing liabilities was 8 basis points for the third quarter of 2020, a decrease of 36 basis points compared to the third quarter of 2019.

Average earning assets for the third quarter of 2020 increased $1.9 billion or 5 percent over the third quarter of 2019. The average balance of available for sale securities, which consists largely of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, increased $1.8 billion. We purchase securities to supplement earnings and to manage interest rate risk. The majority of this increase occurred in the fourth quarter of 2019 and the first quarter of 2020 in order to reduce our exposure to falling short-term interest rates. Average loans, net of allowance for loan losses, increased $1.5 billion, largely due to the inflow of Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans. Fair vale option securities decreased $1.2 billion. Receivables from unsettled securities sales, primarily related to our U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed trading operations, increased $2.8 billion. Growth in average earning assets and non-interest bearing receivables was primarily funded by an increase in average deposits.

Average deposits increased $8.9 billion compared to the third quarter of 2019. Deposit growth is largely due to the combination of focused deposit gathering initiatives, stimulus-related deposits, and customers retaining elevated balances in the current economic environment. Interest-bearing deposits increased $6.8 billion while demand deposit balances increased $2.2 billion.

Tax-equivalent net interest revenue decreased $6.5 million compared to the second quarter of 2020. Net purchase accounting discount accretion on acquired loans totaled $13.3 million in the third quarter of 2020 and $3.3 million in the second quarter of 2020. We perform an annual reassessment of the performance of certain pooled acquired loans during the third quarter. At September 30, 2020, unamortized loan purchase discount totaled $53 million, $29 million attributed to individual credits and $24 million attributed to loan pools. Amortization of loan purchase discount may be impacted by timing of early payoffs and loan size. PPP loan fee recognition contributed $11.3 million to net interest revenue in the third quarter of 2020 compared to $10.8 million in the prior quarter.

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Average earning assets decreased $681 million compared to the second quarter of 2020. Fair value option securities, held as an economic hedge of the changes in fair value of our mortgage servicing rights, decreased $399 million and restricted equity securities decreased $130 million. Residential mortgage loans held for sale decreased $75 million while interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents decreased $67 million. Average loan balances remained largely unchanged. Available for sale securities increased $101 million. Average interest-bearing deposits grew by $1.5 billion, primarily due to interest-bearing transaction deposits. Funds purchased and repurchase agreements decreased $3.0 billion and other borrowings decreased $145 million.

Net interest margin was 2.81 percent compared to 2.83 percent in the second quarter of 2020. Excluding discount accretion on acquired loans, net interest margin was 2.67 percent compared to 2.80 percent in the prior quarter.

The yield on average earning assets was 3.04 percent, an 8 basis point decrease from the prior quarter. The yield on the available for sale securities portfolio decreased 18 basis points to 2.11 percent and the loan portfolio yield decreased 3 basis points to 3.60 percent. Excluding loan discount accretion, the yield on average earning assets was 2.91 percent, down 18 basis points and the loan portfolio yield was 3.38 percent, down 20 basis points from the previous quarter. The yield on fair value option securities decreased 8 basis points to 1.92 percent.

Funding costs were 0.31 percent, down 6 basis points. The cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 8 basis points to 0.26 percent. The cost of other borrowed funds was down 1 basis point to 0.31 percent. The benefit to net interest margin from assets funded by non-interest liabilities was 8 basis points for the third quarter of 2020, consistent with the prior quarter.

Our overall objective is to manage the Company’s balance sheet to be relatively neutral to changes in interest rates as is further described in the Market Risk section of this report. Approximately 77% of our commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolios are either variable rate or fixed rate that will reprice within one year. These loans are funded primarily by deposit accounts that are either non-interest bearing, or that reprice more slowly than the loans. The result is a balance sheet that would be asset sensitive, which means that assets generally reprice more quickly than liabilities. One of the strategies that we use to manage toward a relative rate-neutral position is to purchase fixed-rate residential mortgage-backed securities issued primarily by U.S. government agencies and fund them with market-rate-sensitive liabilities. The liability-sensitive nature of this strategy provides an offset to the asset-sensitive characteristics of our loan portfolio. We also may use derivative instruments to manage our interest rate risk. 

The effectiveness of these strategies is reflected in the overall change in net interest revenue due to changes in interest rates as shown in Table 1 and in the interest rate sensitivity projections as shown in the Market Risk section of this report.

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Table 1 -- Volume/Rate Analysis

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2020 / 2019																		Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2020 / 2019
												Change Due To1																		Change Due To1
						Change						Volume						Yield/Rate						Change						Volume						Yield/Rate
Tax-equivalent interest revenue:
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents						$	(2,883)					$	165					$	(3,048)					$	(7,207)					$	1,231					$	(8,438)
Trading securities						(5,780)						1,102						(6,882)						(16,851)						(130)						(16,721)
Investment securities						(293)						(527)						234						(1,228)						(1,753)						525
Available for sale securities						(5,207)						8,580						(13,787)						16,110						41,417						(25,307)
Fair value option securities						(8,722)						(6,616)						(2,106)						(5,644)						(301)						(5,343)
Restricted equity securities						(6,645)						(5,000)						(1,645)						(11,732)						(7,849)						(3,883)
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						(306)						67						(373)						(460)						659						(1,119)
Loans						(71,191)						18,145						(89,336)						(186,253)						46,076						(232,329)
Total tax-equivalent interest revenue						(101,027)						15,916						(116,943)						(213,265)						79,350						(292,615)
Interest expense:
Transaction deposits						(27,514)						10,248						(37,762)						(42,580)						28,638						(71,218)
Savings deposits						(102)						38						(140)						(225)						76						(301)
Time deposits						(4,643)						(31)						(4,612)						(6,150)						1,438						(7,588)
Funds purchased and repurchase agreements						(14,532)						(901)						(13,631)						(22,712)						16,153						(38,865)
Other borrowings						(45,993)						(17,099)						(28,894)						(108,246)						(40,420)						(67,826)
Subordinated debentures						(418)						(4)						(414)						(792)						4						(796)
Total interest expense						(93,202)						(7,749)						(85,453)						(180,705)						5,889						(186,594)
Tax-equivalent net interest revenue						(7,825)						23,665						(31,490)						(32,560)						73,461						(106,021)
Change in tax-equivalent adjustment						(479)																		(1,144)
Net interest revenue						$	(7,346)																	$	(31,416)

1    Changes attributable to both volume and yield/rate are allocated to both volume and yield/rate on an equal basis.

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Other Operating Revenue

Other operating revenue was $234.2 million for the third quarter of 2020, a $47.7 million increase over the third quarter of 2019 and a $1.5 million increase over the second quarter of 2020. Lower mortgage interest rates have positively affected both our brokerage and trading and mortgage banking revenue, leading to increases of $25.7 million and $21.8 million, respectively, over the third quarter of 2019.

Table 2 – Other Operating Revenue 

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)						Three Months Ended June 30, 2020						Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)
						2020						2019
Brokerage and trading revenue						$	69,526					$	43,840					$	25,686					59		%				$	62,022					$	7,504					12		%
Transaction card revenue						23,465						22,015						1,450						7		%				22,940						525						2		%
Fiduciary and asset management revenue						39,931						43,621						(3,690)						(8)		%				41,257						(1,326)						(3)		%
Deposit service charges and fees						24,286						28,837						(4,551)						(16)		%				22,046						2,240						10		%
Mortgage banking revenue						51,959						30,180						21,779						72		%				53,936						(1,977)						(4)		%
Other revenue						13,698						17,626						(3,928)						(22)		%				11,479						2,219						19		%
Total fees and commissions revenue						222,865						186,119						36,746						20		%				213,680						9,185						4		%
Other gains, net						6,265						4,544						1,721						N/A						6,768						(503)						N/A
Gain on derivatives, net						2,354						3,778						(1,424)						N/A						21,885						(19,531)						N/A
Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net						(754)						4,597						(5,351)						N/A						(14,459)						13,705						N/A
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						3,441						(12,593)						16,034						N/A						(761)						4,202						N/A
Gain (loss) on available for sale securities, net						(12)						5						(17)						N/A						5,580						(5,592)						N/A
Total other operating revenue						$	234,159					$	186,450					$	47,709					26		%				$	232,693					$	1,466					1		%

Certain percentage increases (decreases) in non-fees and commissions revenue are not meaningful for comparison purposes based on the nature of the item.

Fees and commissions revenue

Diversified sources of fees and commissions revenue are a significant part of our business strategy and represented 45 percent of total revenue for the third quarter of 2020, excluding provision for credit losses and gains and losses on other assets, securities and derivatives and the change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. We believe that a variety of fee revenue sources provides an offset to changes in interest rates, values in the equity markets, commodity prices and consumer spending, all of which can be volatile. As an example of this strength, many of the economic factors such as rising interest rates resulting in a decline in mortgage related trading activities and mortgage production volumes, may also increase net interest revenue or fiduciary and asset management revenue. We expect growth in other operating revenue to come through offering new products and services and by further development of our presence in other markets. However, current and future economic conditions, including the recent impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, regulatory constraints, increased competition and saturation in our existing markets could affect the rate of future increases.

Brokerage and Trading Revenue

Brokerage and trading revenue, which includes revenues from trading, customer hedging, retail brokerage and investment banking, increased $25.7 million or 59 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019.

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Trading revenue includes net realized and unrealized gains and losses primarily related to sales of residential mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and related derivative instruments that enable our mortgage-banking customers to manage their market risk. Trading revenue also includes net realized and unrealized gains and losses on municipal securities, asset-backed securities and other financial instruments that we sell to institutional customers, along with changes in the fair value of financial instruments we hold as economic hedges against market risk of our trading securities. Trading revenue was $46.9 million for the third quarter of 2020, a $22.8 million or 95 percent increase compared to the third quarter of 2019. Industry-wide mortgage loan production has increased in 2020 driven by lower rates as the Federal Reserve stepped in to provide market stability. We increased our bond trading pipeline to provide greater liquidity to the housing market during a time of record loan production volumes.

Customer hedging revenue is based primarily on realized and unrealized changes in the fair value of derivative contracts held for customer risk management programs. As more fully discussed under Customer Derivative Programs in Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements, we offer commodity, interest rate, foreign exchange and equity derivatives to our customers. Customer hedging revenue totaled $8.6 million for the third quarter of 2020, a $4.0 million or 85 percent increase compared to the third quarter of 2019 as energy customers increased hedging activity in the volatile environment.

Brokerage and trading revenue increased $7.5 million compared to the previous quarter. Trading revenue grew $3.0 million. The low mortgage interest rate environment continues to drive our U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities trading activity. Customer hedging revenue also increased $2.4 million as energy customers increased hedging activities. Investment banking revenue also grew by $1.8 million largely due to loan syndication activity.

Fiduciary and Asset Management Revenue

Fiduciary and asset management revenue is earned through managing or holding of assets for customers and executing transactions or providing related services. Approximately 90 percent of fiduciary and asset management revenue is primarily based on the fair value of assets. Rates applied to asset values vary based on the nature of the relationship. Fiduciary relationships and managed asset relationships generally have higher fee rates than non-fiduciary and/or managed relationships. Fiduciary and asset management revenue decreased $3.7 million or 8 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019. The decrease is largely due to the decline in mutual fund fees combined with the addition of approximately $1.7 million in fee waivers as a result of the significant decline in interest rates. We have voluntarily waived certain administration fees in the third quarter of 2020 on the Cavanal Hill money market funds in order to maintain positive yields on these funds in the current low short-term interest rate environment. Fiduciary and asset management revenue decreased $1.3 million compared to the second quarter of 2020, primarily due to a decrease in seasonal tax preparation fees earned in the second quarter. A distribution of assets under management or administration and related fiduciary and asset management revenue follows:

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Table 3 -- Assets Under Management or Administration

(In thousands)

			Three Months Ended
			September 30, 2020																		September 30, 2019																		June 30, 2020
			Balance						Revenue1						Margin2						Balance						Revenue1						Margin2						Balance						Revenue1						Margin2
Managed fiduciary assets:
Personal			$	10,242,506					$	22,990					0.90		%				$	8,513,380					$	23,619					1.11		%				$	9,786,686					$	23,826					0.97		%
Institutional			14,210,768						7,479						0.21		%				14,796,223						5,846						0.16		%				13,568,898						6,872						0.20		%
Total managed fiduciary assets			24,453,274						30,469						0.50		%				23,309,603						29,465						0.51		%				23,355,584						30,698						0.53		%
Non-managed assets:
Fiduciary			28,482,372						9,016						0.13		%				25,950,094						13,910						0.21		%				27,205,000						10,142						0.15		%
Non-fiduciary			12,746,853						446						0.01		%				15,133,544						246						0.01		%				12,831,130						417						0.01		%
Safekeeping and brokerage assets under administration			16,737,433						—						—		%				16,403,708						—						—		%				16,060,788						—						—		%
Total non-managed assets			57,966,658						9,462						0.07		%				57,487,346						14,156						0.10		%				56,096,918						10,559						0.08		%
Total assets under management or administration			$	82,419,932					$	39,931					0.19		%				$	80,796,949					$	43,621					0.22		%				$	79,452,502					$	41,257					0.21		%

1    Fiduciary and asset management revenue includes asset-based and other fees associated with the assets.

2    Annualized revenue divided by period-end balance.

A summary of changes in assets under management or administration for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 follows:

Table 4 -- Changes in Assets Under Management or Administration

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,
						2020						2019
Beginning balance						$	79,452,502					$	81,774,602
Net inflows (outflows)						287,132						(1,230,466)
Net change in fair value						2,680,298						252,813
Ending balance						$	82,419,932					$	80,796,949

Mortgage Banking Revenue

Mortgage banking revenue increased $21.8 million or 72 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019. Mortgage loan production volumes increased $134 million or 15 percent as average primary mortgage interest rates have decreased. The gain on sale margin increased 216 basis points to 3.67 percent in the third quarter of 2020. A rapid decrease in interest rates has led to increased application demand and industry-wide capacity constraints.

Mortgage banking revenue decreased $2.0 million or 4 percent compared to the second quarter of 2020, primarily due to a reduction of mortgage servicing revenue. During the second quarter of 2020, we completed a sale of mortgage servicing rights on $1.6 billion of unpaid principal balance, primarily related to loans guaranteed by the Veteran's Administration.

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Table 5 – Mortgage Banking Revenue 

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)						Three Months Ended June 30, 2020						Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)
						2020						2019
Mortgage production revenue						$	38,431					$	13,814					$	24,617					178		%				$	39,185					$	(754)					(2)		%
Mortgage loans funded for sale						$	1,032,472					$	877,280																	$	1,184,249
Add: Current period end outstanding commitments						560,493						379,377																		546,304
Less: Prior period end outstanding commitments						546,304						344,087																		657,570
Total mortgage production volume						$	1,046,661					$	912,570					$	134,091					15		%				$	1,072,983					$	(26,322)					(2)		%
Mortgage loan refinances to mortgage loans funded for sale						54		%				56		%				(200)		bps										71		%				(1,700)		bps
Gains on sale margin						3.67		%				1.51		%				216		bps										3.65		%				2		bps
Primary mortgage interest rates:
Average						2.95		%				3.66		%				(71)		bps										3.24		%				(29)		bps
Period end						2.90		%				3.64		%				(74)		bps										3.13		%				(23)		bps
Mortgage servicing revenue						$	13,528					$	16,366					$	(2,838)					(17)		%				$	14,751					$	(1,223)					(8)		%
Average outstanding principal balance of mortgage loans serviced for others						17,434,215						21,172,874						(3,738,659)						(18)		%				19,319,872						(1,885,657)						(10)		%
Average mortgage servicing revenue rates						0.31		%				0.31		%				—		bp										0.31		%				—		bp

Primary rates disclosed in Table 5 above represent rates generally available to borrowers on 30 year conforming mortgage loans.

Deposit Service Charges and Fees

Deposit service charges and fees decreased $4.6 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. During these uncertain times, we proactively waived certain fees. In addition, the pandemic has resulted in customers retaining cash and not maintaining the usual level of spending, which has decreased overdraft fees compared to the prior year. Deposit service charges increased $2.2 million compared to the second quarter. As many "Stay at Home" orders have been lifted and customer activity starts to return to normal, we have seen service charges increase.

As discussed in the Market Risk section following, the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs") changes in response to changes in primary mortgage loan rates and other assumptions. We attempt to mitigate the earnings volatility caused by changes in the fair value of MSRs by designating certain financial instruments as an economic hedge. Changes in the fair value of these instruments are generally expected to partially offset changes in the fair value of MSRs. In the second quarter of 2020, we completed a sale of mortgage servicing rights on $1.6 billion of unpaid principal balance, primarily related to loans guaranteed by the Veteran's Administration. This sale was completed to reduce exposure to out of footprint MSRs with higher credit risk where no other relationships with the borrower exist. Interest rate movements between the date we established the transaction price and the closing date of the sale produced positive results in the second quarter.

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Table 6 - Gain (Loss) on Mortgage Servicing Rights

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended
						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Sept. 30, 2019
Gain on mortgage hedge derivative contracts, net						$	2,295					$	21,815					$	3,742
Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net						(754)						(14,459)						4,597
Gain on economic hedge of mortgage servicing rights, net						1,541						7,356						8,339
Gain (loss) on change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						3,441						(761)						(12,593)
Gain (loss) on changes in fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges included in other operating revenue						4,982						6,595						(4,254)
Net interest revenue on fair value option securities1						1,565						2,702						1,245
Total economic benefit (cost) of changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges						$	6,547					$	9,297					$	(3,009)

1    Actual interest earned on fair value option securities less internal transfer-priced cost of funds.

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Other Operating Expense

Other operating expense for the third quarter of 2020 totaled $301.3 million, an increase of $22.0 million compared to the third quarter of 2019 and $5.9 million compared to the second quarter of 2020.

Table 7 – Other Operating Expense

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)						Three Months Ended June 30, 2020						Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)
						2020						2019
Regular compensation						$	96,703					$	97,014					$	(311)					—		%				$	99,267					$	(2,564)					(3)		%
Incentive compensation:
Cash-based						50,326						38,316						12,010						31		%				47,209						3,117						7		%
Share-based						8,754						3,471						5,283						152		%				2,815						5,939						(211)		%
Deferred compensation						2,450						1,124						1,326						N/A						5,932						(3,482)						N/A
Total incentive compensation						61,530						42,911						18,619						43		%				55,956						5,574						10		%
Employee benefits						21,627						22,648						(1,021)						(5)		%				21,012						615						3		%
Total personnel expense						179,860						162,573						17,287						11		%				176,235						3,625						2		%
Business promotion						2,633						8,859						(6,226)						(70)		%				1,935						698						36		%
Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation						—						—						—						N/A						3,000						(3,000)						N/A
Professional fees and services						14,074						12,312						1,762						14		%				12,161						1,913						16		%
Net occupancy and equipment						28,111						27,558						553						2		%				30,675						(2,564)						(8)		%
Insurance						5,848						4,220						1,628						39		%				5,156						692						13		%
Data processing and communications						34,751						31,915						2,836						9		%				32,942						1,809						5		%
Printing, postage and supplies						3,482						3,825						(343)						(9)		%				3,502						(20)						(1)		%
Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets						6,244						1,728						4,516						261		%				1,766						4,478						254		%
Amortization of intangible assets						5,071						5,064						7						—		%				5,190						(119)						(2)		%
Mortgage banking costs						15,803						14,975						828						6		%				15,598						205						1		%
Other expense						5,388						6,263						(875)						(14)		%				7,227						(1,839)						(25)		%
Total other operating expense						$	301,265					$	279,292					$	21,973					8		%				$	295,387					$	5,878					2		%
Average number of employees (full-time equivalent)						4,926						5,101						(175)						(3)		%				5,037						(111)						(2)		%

Certain percentage increases (decreases) are not meaningful for comparison purposes.

Personnel expense

Personnel expense increased $17.3 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. Incentive compensation increased $18.6 million. Cash based incentive compensation increased $12.0 million, largely due to increased U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities and related derivative trading activity. Stock based compensation increased $5.3 million due to changes related to vesting assumptions regarding the Company's earnings per share growth relative to a defined peer group.

Personnel expense increased $3.6 million compared the second quarter of 2020. Stock based incentive compensation increased $5.9 million due to changes related to vesting assumptions regarding the Company's earnings per share growth relative to a defined peer group. Cash based incentive compensation increased $3.1 million, primarily due to increased trading activity. Deferred compensation, which is largely offset by a decrease in the value of related investments included in Other gains (losses), net, decreased $3.5 million. Regular compensation decreased $2.6 million, primarily related to unfilled positions due to attrition. We have managed personnel costs by challenging the need to fill open positions and add new positions.

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Non-personnel operating expense

Non-personnel operating expense increased $4.7 million over the third quarter of 2019. Net losses and expenses on repossessed assets increased $4.5 million due to write-downs on a set of oil and gas properties and a retail commercial real estate property. Data processing and communications expense increased $2.8 million, primarily due to investments in technology. Professional fees increased $1.8 million and insurance expense increased $1.6 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $6.2 million in business promotion expense, largely related to the pandemic.

Non-personnel expense increased $2.3 million over the second quarter of 2020. Net losses and expenses of repossessed assets increased $4.5 million, largely due to write-downs of two properties. Professional fees and services expense increased $1.9 million and data processing and communications expense increased $1.8 million. Occupancy and equipment expense decreased $2.6 million, primarily related to impairment charges incurred in the second quarter and other expense decreased $1.8 million. We also made a charitable contribution of $3.0 million to the BOKF Foundation in the second quarter.

Income Taxes

The effective tax rate was 24.7 percent for the third quarter of 2020, 18.6 percent for the third quarter of 2019 and 19.7 percent for the second quarter of 2020. An increase in forecasted pre-tax income for 2020 and the completion of 2019 tax returns drove the increase in effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2020. The effective tax rate excluding these items was 21.7 percent. 

Lines of Business

We operate three principal lines of business: Commercial Banking, Consumer Banking and Wealth Management. Commercial Banking includes lending, treasury and cash management services and customer risk management products for small businesses, middle market and larger commercial customers. Commercial Banking also includes the TransFund EFT network. Consumer Banking includes retail lending and deposit services, lending and deposit services to small business customers served through our consumer branch network and all mortgage banking activities. Wealth Management provides fiduciary services, private banking services, insurance and investment advisory services in all markets. Wealth Management also underwrites state and municipal securities and engages in brokerage and trading activities.

In addition to our lines of business, we have a Funds Management unit. The primary purpose of this unit is to manage our overall liquidity needs and interest rate risk. Each line of business borrows funds from and provides funds to the Funds Management unit as needed to support their operations. Operating results for Funds Management and other include the effect of interest rate risk positions and risk management activities, securities gains and losses including impairment charges, the provision for credit losses in excess of net loans charged off, tax planning strategies and certain executive compensation costs that are not attributed to the lines of business.

The operations of CoBiz were allocated to the operating segments in the second quarter of 2019. Prior to April 1, 2019, CoBiz operations were included in Funds Management and other.

We allocate resources and evaluate the performance of our lines of business using the net direct contribution, which includes the allocation of funds, actual net credit losses and capital costs. In addition, we measure the performance of our business lines after allocation of certain indirect expenses and taxes based on statutory rates.

The cost of funds borrowed from the Funds Management unit by the operating lines of business is transfer priced at rates that approximate market rates for funds with similar repricing and cash flow characteristics. Market rates are generally based on the applicable LIBOR or interest rate swap rates, adjusted for prepayment and liquidity risk. This method of transfer-pricing funds that supports assets of the operating lines of business tends to insulate them from interest rate risk.

The value of funds provided by the operating lines of business to the Funds Management unit is also based on rates that approximate wholesale market rates for funds with similar repricing and cash flow characteristics. Market rates are generally based on LIBOR or interest rate swap rates. The funds credit formula applied to deposit products with indeterminate maturities is established based on their repricing characteristics reflected in a combination of the short-term LIBOR rate and a moving average of an intermediate-term swap rate, with an appropriate spread applied to both. Shorter duration products are weighted towards the short-term LIBOR rate and longer duration products are weighted towards the intermediate-term swap rates. The expected duration ranges from 30 days for certain rate-sensitive deposits to five years.

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Economic capital is assigned to the business units by a capital allocation model that reflects management’s assessment of risk. This model assigns capital based upon credit, operating, interest rate and other market risk inherent in our business lines and recognizes the diversification benefits among the units. The level of assigned economic capital is a combination of the risk taken by each business line, based on its actual exposures and calibrated to its own loss history where possible. Average invested capital includes economic capital and amounts we have invested in the lines of business.

As shown in Table 8, net income attributable to our lines of business decreased $8.3 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. Net interest revenue decreased by $44.4 million compared to the prior year, primarily due to decreases in the short-term interest rate related to a 225 basis point reduction in the federal funds rate by the Federal Reserve since the middle of 2019. Net charge-offs increased $11.3 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. Other operating revenue increased by $41.8 million led by our brokerage and trading and mortgage banking businesses. Operating expense increased $9.1 million compared to the third quarter of 2019, largely due to increased incentive compensation related to trading activities.

Net interest revenue decreased $5.2 million compared to the second quarter of 2020, largely due to the effects of recent rate cuts by the Federal Reserve. Other operating revenue increased $9.2 million, led by an increase in brokerage and trading revenue. Other operating expense increased $7.1 million. Net income attributed to Funds Management and other was affected by the provision for expected credit losses in excess of net charge-offs of $121.2 million in the second quarter of 2020. The remaining increase in funds management in the third quarter of 2020 is due to a lower deposit funding credit to the lines of business caused by reductions in short-term interest rates.

Table 8 -- Net Income by Line of Business

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)						Three Months Ended June 30, 2020						Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)
						2020						2019
Commercial Banking						$	75,097					$	100,986					$	(25,889)					(26)		%				$	80,992					$	(5,895)					(7)		%
Consumer Banking						26,256						16,640						9,616						58		%				31,900						(5,644)						(18)		%
Wealth Management						31,212						23,206						8,006						34		%				33,394						(2,182)						(7)		%
Subtotal						132,565						140,832						(8,267)						(6)		%				146,286						(13,721)						(9)		%
Funds Management and other						21,469						1,399						20,070						N/A						(81,593)						103,062						N/A
Total						$	154,034					$	142,231					$	11,803					8		%				$	64,693					$	89,341					138		%

Certain percentage increases (decreases) in non-fees and commissions revenue are not meaningful for comparison purposes based on the nature of the item.

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Commercial Banking

Commercial Banking contributed $75.1 million to consolidated net income in the third quarter of 2020, a decrease of $25.9 million or 26 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019.

Table 9 -- Commercial Banking

(Dollars in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)						Three Months Ended June 30, 2020						Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)
						2020						2019
Net interest revenue from external sources						$	173,248					$	243,944					$	(70,696)					(29)		%				$	174,314					$	(1,066)					(1)		%
Net interest expense from internal sources						(23,302)						(64,984)						41,682						(64)		%				(29,205)						5,903						(20)		%
Total net interest revenue						149,946						178,960						(29,014)						(16)		%				145,109						4,837						3		%
Net loans charged off						22,599						9,505						13,094						138		%				13,762						8,837						64		%
Net interest revenue after net loans charged off						127,347						169,455						(42,108)						(25)		%				131,347						(4,000)						(3)		%
Fees and commissions revenue						50,085						46,159						3,926						9		%				46,515						3,570						8		%
Other gains, net						1,936						2,673						(737)						N/A						1,383						553						N/A
Other operating revenue						52,021						48,832						3,189						7		%				47,898						4,123						9		%
Personnel expense						40,963						44,040						(3,077)						(7)		%				39,873						1,090						3		%
Non-personnel expense						25,883						25,087						796						3		%				23,060						2,823						12		%
Other operating expense						66,846						69,127						(2,281)						(3)		%				62,933						3,913						6		%
Net direct contribution						112,522						149,160						(36,638)						(25)		%				116,312						(3,790)						(3)		%
Gain on financial instruments, net						38						28						10						N/A						48						(10)						N/A
Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net						(4,332)						802						(5,134)						N/A						191						(4,523)						N/A
Corporate expense allocations						5,172						11,772						(6,600)						(56)		%				5,437						(265)						(5)		%
Income before taxes						103,056						138,218						(35,162)						(25)		%				111,114						(8,058)						(7)		%
Federal and state income tax						27,959						37,232						(9,273)						(25)		%				30,122						(2,163)						(7)		%
Net income						$	75,097					$	100,986					$	(25,889)					(26)		%				$	80,992					$	(5,895)					(7)		%
Average assets						$	28,000,183					$	23,973,925					$	4,026,258					17		%				$	27,575,652					$	424,531					2		%
Average loans						18,677,401						19,226,347						(548,946)						(3)		%				19,262,827						(585,426)						(3)		%
Average deposits						15,375,450						10,833,057						4,542,393						42		%				14,599,225						776,225						5		%
Average invested capital						2,249,075						2,217,828						31,247						1		%				2,230,707						18,368						1		%

Certain percentage increases (decreases) in non-fees and commissions revenue are not meaningful for comparison purposes based on the nature of the item.

Net interest revenue decreased $29.0 million compared to the third quarter of 2019. Net interest revenue decreased due to lower deposit related net interest revenue as the value of deposits was impacted by falling interest rates. Net loans charged-off increased $13.1 million.

Fees and commissions revenue increased $3.9 million or 9 percent largely due to an increase in customer energy hedging revenue as customers increased hedges due to the volatile price environment. Operating expenses decreased $2.3 million or 3 percent, primarily due to a decrease in incentive compensation expense. Corporate expense allocations decreased $6.6 million or 56 percent compared to the prior year.

The average outstanding balance of loans attributed to Commercial Banking decreased $549 million or 3 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019 to $18.7 billion. See the Loans section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition following for additional discussion of changes in commercial and commercial real estate loans, which are primarily attributed to the Commercial Banking segment. 

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Average deposits attributed to Commercial Banking were $15.4 billion for the third quarter of 2020, a $4.5 billion or 42 percent increase over the third quarter of 2019. Continued deposit growth is primarily due to higher balance retention by customers in the current economic environment. See Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital for further discussion of change.

Net interest revenue increased $4.8 million or 3 percent compared to the second quarter of 2020, including higher discount accretion. Fees and commissions revenue increased $3.6 million, led by an increase in customer energy hedging revenue and increased syndication activity. Operating expense increased $3.9 million or 6 percent compared to the second quarter of 2020, primarily due to incentive compensation costs and deposit insurance expense. Net losses and expenses of repossessed assets also increased $4.5 million due to impairment of a set of oil and gas properties and a retail commercial real estate property.

Average loan balances decreased $585 million or 3 percent and average customer deposits increased $776 million or 5 percent over the second quarter of 2020.

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Consumer Banking

Consumer Banking provides retail banking services through four primary distribution channels: traditional branches, the 24-hour ExpressBank call center, Internet banking and mobile banking. Consumer Banking also conducts mortgage banking activities through offices located outside of our Consumer Banking markets.

Consumer Banking contributed $26.3 million to consolidated net income for the third quarter of 2020, an increase of $9.6 million over the third quarter of 2019. Improved performance by Consumer Banking was largely due to the effect of lower mortgage interest rates, which has increased mortgage banking activity and related revenue.

Table 10 -- Consumer Banking

(Dollars in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)						Three Months Ended June 30, 2020						Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)
						2020						2019
Net interest revenue from external sources						$	15,821					$	27,580					$	(11,759)					(43)		%				$	18,795					$	(2,974)					(16)		%
Net interest revenue from internal sources						17,309						20,882						(3,573)						(17)		%				20,475						(3,166)						(15)		%
Total net interest revenue						33,130						48,462						(15,332)						(32)		%				39,270						(6,140)						(16)		%
Net loans charged off						79						1,841						(1,762)						(96)		%				535						(456)						(85)		%
Net interest revenue after net loans charged off						33,051						46,621						(13,570)						(29)		%				38,735						(5,684)						(15)		%
Fees and commissions revenue						67,974						51,461						16,513						32		%				67,192						782						1		%
Other losses, net						(166)						(240)						74						N/A						—						(166)						N/A
Other operating revenue						67,808						51,221						16,587						32		%				67,192						616						1		%
Personnel expense						23,271						23,665						(394)						(2)		%				23,821						(550)						(2)		%
Non-personnel expense						36,568						36,034						534						1		%				35,115						1,453						4		%
Total other operating expense						59,839						59,699						140						—		%				58,936						903						2		%
Net direct contribution						41,020						38,143						2,877						8		%				46,991						(5,971)						(13)		%
Gain on financial instruments, net						1,540						8,339						(6,799)						N/A						7,356						(5,816)						N/A
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						3,441						(12,593)						16,034						N/A						(761)						4,202						N/A
Gain on repossessed assets, net						41						214						(173)						N/A						27						14						N/A
Corporate expense allocations						10,812						11,776						(964)						(8)		%				10,812						—						—		%
Income before taxes						35,230						22,327						12,903						58		%				42,801						(7,571)						(18)		%
Federal and state income tax						8,974						5,687						3,287						58		%				10,901						(1,927)						(18)		%
Net income						$	26,256					$	16,640					$	9,616					58		%				$	31,900					$	(5,644)					(18)		%
Average assets						$	9,898,119					$	9,827,130					$	70,989					1		%				$	9,920,005					$	(21,886)					—		%
Average loans						1,825,865						1,773,831						52,034						3		%				1,679,164						146,701						9		%
Average deposits						7,940,973						6,983,018						957,955						14		%				7,587,246						353,727						5		%
Average invested capital						263,299						288,216						(24,917)						(9)		%				258,558						4,741						2		%

Certain percentage increases (decreases) in non-fees and commissions revenue are not meaningful for comparison purposes based on the nature of the item.

Net interest revenue from Consumer Banking activities declined by $15.3 million or 32 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019, primarily due to a decrease in the yield on deposits sold to our Funds Management unit and compressed loans spreads. Average consumer deposits grew $958 million over the third quarter of 2019 with demand deposit balances increasing $629 million or 28 percent.

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Fees and commissions revenue increased $16.5 million or 32 percent over the third quarter of 2019. Lower mortgage interest rates increased mortgage loan origination volumes. Mortgage production volume increased $134 million or 15 percent and gain on sale margin increased 216 basis points due to industry-wide capacity constraints. Deposit service charges decreased $4.9 million. During these uncertain times, we proactively waived certain fees. In addition, the pandemic has resulted in customers retaining cash and not maintaining the usual level of spending, which has decreased overdraft fees compared to the prior year. Operating expense was relatively consistent with the third quarter of 2019. Increases in occupancy and equipment expense and mortgage banking costs were offset by a decrease in business promotion expense. Corporate expense allocations were $964 thousand or 8 percent lower than the prior year.

Changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges, increased pre-tax net income for the third quarter of 2020 by $5.0 million compared to a $4.3 million decrease in pre-tax net income in the third quarter of 2019.

Net interest revenue from Consumer Banking activities decreased $6.1 million or 16 percent compared to the second quarter of 2020, largely due to lower yields on deposits sold to our Funds Management unit and compressed loan spreads. Operating revenue was relatively consistent with the second quarter of 2020. An increase in deposit service charges was mostly offset by a decrease in mortgage servicing revenue. Operating expenses were also largely unchanged compared to the previous quarter.

Average consumer loans increased $147 million or 9 percent. Average deposits increased $354 million or 5 percent.

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Wealth Management

Wealth Management contributed $31.2 million to consolidated net income in the third quarter of 2020, an increase of $8.0 million or 34 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019. Increased fees and commissions revenue, primarily from U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities and related derivatives trading, was partially offset by related incentive compensation costs.

Table 11 -- Wealth Management

(Dollars in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)						Three Months Ended June 30, 2020						Increase (Decrease)						% Increase (Decrease)
						2020						2019
Net interest revenue from external sources						$	34,098					$	12,343					$	21,755					176		%				$	34,359					$	(261)					(1)		%
Net interest revenue from internal sources						(11,113)						10,723						(21,836)						(204)		%				(7,479)						(3,634)						49		%
Total net interest revenue						22,985						23,066						(81)						—		%				26,880						(3,895)						(14)		%
Net loans charged off (recovered)						(51)						(42)						(9)						21		%				(89)						38						(43)		%
Net interest revenue after net loans charged off (recovered)						23,036						23,108						(72)						—		%				26,969						(3,933)						(15)		%
Fees and commissions revenue						111,655						89,422						22,233						25		%				106,757						4,898						5		%
Other gains (losses), net						(503)						(262)						(241)						N/A						(83)						(420)						N/A
Other operating revenue						111,152						89,160						21,992						25		%				106,674						4,478						4		%
Personnel expense						62,508						52,316						10,192						19		%				61,909						599						1		%
Non-personnel expense						20,360						19,303						1,057						5		%				18,658						1,702						9		%
Other operating expense						82,868						71,619						11,249						16		%				80,567						2,301						3		%
Net direct contribution						51,320						40,649						10,671						26		%				53,076						(1,756)						(3)		%
Corporate expense allocations						9,397						9,416						(19)						—		%				8,204						1,193						15		%
Income before taxes						41,923						31,233						10,690						34		%				44,872						(2,949)						(7)		%
Federal and state income tax						10,711						8,027						2,684						33		%				11,478						(767)						(7)		%
Net income						$	31,212					$	23,206					$	8,006					34		%				$	33,394					$	(2,182)					(7)		%
Average assets						$	16,206,522					$	10,391,225					$	5,815,297					56		%				$	15,721,452					$	485,070					3		%
Average loans						1,777,008						1,671,102						105,906						6		%				1,709,363						67,645						4		%
Average deposits						9,090,116						6,590,332						2,499,784						38		%				8,385,681						704,435						8		%
Average invested capital						299,217						279,782						19,435						7		%				295,245						3,972						1		%

Net interest revenue was largely unchanged compared to the third quarter of 2019. Increased net interest revenue related to growth in trading activity was offset by a reduction in the value of deposits sold to our Funds Management unit. Average loans attributed to the Wealth Management segment increased $106 million or 6 percent. Average deposits increased $2.5 billion or 38 percent, largely due to core growth as customers are retaining higher balances in the current economic environment.

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Fees and commissions revenue increased $22.2 million or 25 percent over the third quarter of 2019. Brokerage and trading revenue increased $21.6 million due to increased trading activity as a result of lower mortgage interest rates. We increased our trading pipeline for U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities to provide greater liquidity to the housing market during a time of record volumes. Average trading assets, which includes trading securities inventory and receivables from unsettled securities sales, were $6.2 billion for the third quarter of 2020 compared to $3.4 billion for the third quarter of 2019. Fiduciary and asset management revenue decreased $3.7 million related to a combination of lower mutual fund fees and waived fees. Operating expense increased $11.2 million or 16 percent compared to the third quarter of 2019, primarily related to incentive compensation expense on higher trading activity. Corporate expense allocations were relatively consistent compared to the prior year.

Net income for Wealth Management decreased $2.2 million or 7 percent compared to the second quarter of 2020.

Net interest revenue decreased $3.9 million due to lower yields on trading securities and deposits sold to our Funds Management unit. Brokerage and trading revenue increased $4.0 million. Increases in trading revenue of $3.0 million and other revenue of $2.3 million were partially offset by a decrease in fiduciary and asset management revenue. We continue to maintain an increased trading pipeline to provide greater liquidity to the housing market during this time of low interest rates.

Average loans maintained at $1.8 billion and average deposits increased $704 million or 8 percent to $9.1 billion.

Financial Condition

Securities

We maintain a securities portfolio to enhance profitability, manage interest rate risk, provide liquidity and comply with regulatory requirements. Securities are classified as trading, held for investment, or available for sale. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the composition of the securities portfolio as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

We hold an inventory of trading securities in support of sales to a variety of customers, including banks, corporations, insurance companies, money managers and others. Trading securities increased $1.0 billion to $2.2 billion during the third quarter of 2020. As discussed in the Market Risk section of this report, trading activities involve risk of loss from adverse price movement. We mitigate this risk within board-approved limits through the use of derivative contracts, short-sales and other techniques. These limits remain relatively unchanged from levels set before our expanded trading activities.

At September 30, 2020, the carrying value of investment (held-to-maturity) securities was $256 million, including a $739 thousand allowance for expected credit losses compared to $268 million at June 30, 2020 with a $1.6 million allowance for expected credit losses. The fair value of investment securities was $285 million at September 30, 2020 and $296 million at June 30, 2020. Investment securities consist primarily of residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies, long-term, fixed rate Oklahoma and Texas municipal bonds, and taxable Texas school construction bonds.

Available for sale securities, which may be sold prior to maturity, are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses, net of deferred taxes, are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. The amortized cost of available for sale securities totaled $12.3 billion at September 30, 2020, a $348 million increase compared to June 30, 2020. At September 30, 2020, the available for sale securities portfolio consisted primarily of U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities and U.S. government agency commercial mortgage-backed securities. Both residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities have credit risk from delinquency or default of the underlying loans. We mitigate this risk by primarily investing in securities issued by U.S. government agencies. Principal and interest payments on the underlying loans are fully guaranteed. Commercial mortgage-backed securities have prepayment penalties similar to commercial loans.

A primary risk of holding residential mortgage-backed securities comes from extension during periods of rising interest rates or prepayment during periods of falling interest rates. We evaluate this risk through extensive modeling of risk both before making an investment and throughout the life of the security. Our best estimate of the duration of the combined residential mortgage-backed securities portfolio held in investment and available for sale securities at September 30, 2020 is 2.3 years. Management estimates the duration extends to 3.8 years assuming an immediate 200 basis point upward shock. The estimated duration contracts to 2.1 years assuming a 100 basis point decline in the current low rate environment.

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Loans

The aggregate loan portfolio before allowance for loan losses totaled $23.8 billion at September 30, 2020, a $353 million decrease compared to June 30, 2020, primarily due to paydowns in the commercial portfolio.

Table 12 -- Loans

(In thousands)

						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Commercial:
Energy						$	3,717,101					$	3,974,174					$	4,111,676					$	3,973,377					$	4,114,269
Services						3,545,825						3,779,881						3,955,748						3,832,031						4,011,089
Healthcare						3,325,790						3,289,343						3,165,096						3,033,916						3,032,968
General business						2,976,990						3,115,112						3,563,455						3,192,326						3,266,299
Total commercial						13,565,706						14,158,510						14,795,975						14,031,650						14,424,625
Commercial real estate:
Multifamily						1,387,461						1,407,107						1,282,457						1,265,562						1,324,839
Office						1,099,563						973,995						962,004						928,379						1,014,275
Retail						786,211						780,467						774,198						775,521						799,169
Industrial						792,389						723,005						728,026						856,117						873,536
Residential construction and land development						121,258						136,911						138,958						150,879						135,361
Other commercial real estate						506,818						532,659						564,442						457,325						478,877
Total commercial real estate						4,693,700						4,554,144						4,450,085						4,433,783						4,626,057
Paycheck protection program						2,097,325						2,081,428						—						—						—
Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage						1,849,144						1,813,442						1,844,555						1,886,378						1,925,539
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						384,247						322,269						197,889						197,794						191,764
Personal						1,213,178						1,226,097						1,175,466						1,201,382						1,117,382
Total loans to individuals						3,446,569						3,361,808						3,217,910						3,285,554						3,234,685
Total						$	23,803,300					$	24,155,890					$	22,463,970					$	21,750,987					$	22,285,367

Commercial

Commercial loans represent loans for working capital, facilities acquisition or expansion, purchases of equipment and other needs of commercial customers primarily located within our geographical footprint. These loans are underwritten individually and represent ongoing relationships based on a thorough knowledge of the customer, the customer’s industry and market. While commercial loans are generally secured by the customer’s assets including real property, inventory, accounts receivable, operating equipment, interests in mineral rights and other property and may also include personal guarantees of the owners and related parties, the primary source of repayment of the loans is the ongoing cash flow from operations of the customer’s business. In addition, revolving lines of credit are generally governed by a borrowing base. Inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with commercial lending policies.

Commercial loans totaled $13.6 billion or 57 percent of the loan portfolio at September 30, 2020, a $593 million decrease compared to June 30, 2020, primarily due to continued paydowns in the third quarter.

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Approximately 78 percent of loans in this segment are located within our geographic footprint, based on collateral location. Loans for which the collateral location is less relevant, such as unsecured loans and reserve-based energy loans are categorized by the borrower's primary operating location. The largest concentration of loans in this segment outside of our footprint is California, totaling 4 percent of the segment.

Supporting the energy industry with loans to producers and other energy-related entities has been a hallmark of the Company since its founding and represents a large portion of our commercial loan portfolio. In addition, energy production and related industries have a significant impact on the economy in our primary markets. Loans collateralized by oil and gas properties are subject to a semi-annual engineering review by our internal staff of petroleum engineers. This review is used as the basis for developing the expected cash flows supporting the loan amount. The projected cash flows are discounted according to risk characteristics of the underlying oil and gas properties. Loans are evaluated to demonstrate with reasonable certainty that crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids can be recovered from known oil and gas reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions at current pricing levels and with existing conventional equipment and operating methods and costs. As part of our evaluation of credit quality, we analyze rigorous stress tests over a range of commodity prices and take proactive steps to mitigate risk when appropriate.

Outstanding energy loans totaled $3.7 billion or 16 percent of total loans at September 30, 2020, a $257 million decrease compared to June 30, 2020. Approximately $2.8 billion of energy loans were to oil and gas producers, down $236 million compared to June 30, 2020. The majority of this portfolio is first lien, senior secured, reserve-based lending, which we believe is the lowest risk form of energy lending. Approximately 67 percent of the committed production loans are secured by properties primarily producing oil and 33 percent of the committed production loans are secured by properties primarily producing natural gas.

Loans to midstream oil and gas companies totaled $711 million at September 30, 2020, up $23 million over June 30, 2020. Loans to borrowers that provide services to the energy industry totaled $113 million at September 30, 2020, down $29 million. Loans to other energy borrowers, including those engaged in wholesale or retail energy sales, totaled $48 million, a $15 million decrease compared to the prior quarter.

Unfunded energy loan commitments were $2.3 billion at September 30, 2020, a $214 million decrease compared to June 30, 2020, and a $660 million decrease compared to December 31, 2019, largely as a result of the semi-annual borrowing base redetermination process in the second quarter.

The healthcare sector of the loan portfolio totaled $3.3 billion or 14 percent of total loans. Healthcare loans increased $36 million over June 30, 2020, primarily due to growth in loans to senior housing and care facilities. Healthcare sector loans consist primarily of loans for the development and operation of senior housing and care facilities, including independent living, assisted living and skilled nursing. Generally we loan to borrowers with a portfolio of multiple facilities that serves to help diversify risks specific to a single facility. Healthcare also includes loans to hospitals and other medical service providers impacted by a deferral of elective procedures. The CARES Act includes multiple revenue enhancement measures for both hospitals and skilled nursing facilities as they manage through the risks of the virus.

The services sector of the loan portfolio decreased $234 million to $3.5 billion or 15 percent of total loans. Service sector loans consist of a large number of loans to a variety of businesses, including Native American tribal and state and local governments, Native American tribal casino operations, educational services, foundations and not-for-profit organizations and specialty trade contractors. Approximately $1.9 billion of the services category is made up of loans with individual balances of less than $10 million. Services sector loans are generally secured by the assets of the borrower with repayment coming from the cash flows of ongoing operations of the customer’s business. 

General business loans decreased $138 million to $3.0 billion or 13 percent of total loans. General business loans primarily consist of $1.7 billion of wholesale/retail loans and $748 million of loans from other commercial industries.

Our services and general business loans include areas we consider to be more exposed to the economic slowdown as a result of the social distancing measures in place to combat the COVID-19 pandemic such as entertainment and recreation, retail, hotels, churches, airline travel, and higher education that are dependent on large social gatherings to remain profitable. This represents less than 7 percent of our total portfolio. Some of these borrowers have participated in the PPP, which has provided some measure of relief. We will continue to monitor these areas closely in the coming months.

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We participate in shared national credits when appropriate to obtain or maintain business relationships with local customers. Shared national credits are defined by banking regulators as credits of more than $100 million and with three or more non-affiliated banks as participants. At September 30, 2020, the outstanding principal balance of these loans totaled $4.2 billion, including $1.9 billion of energy loans. Substantially all of these loans are to borrowers with local market relationships. We serve as the agent lender in approximately 19 percent of our shared national credits, based on dollars committed. We hold shared national credits to the same standard of analysis and perform the same level of review as internally originated credits. Our lending policies generally avoid loans in which we do not have the opportunity to maintain or achieve other business relationships with the customer. In addition to management’s quarterly assessment of credit risk, banking regulators annually review a sample of shared national credits for proper risk grading.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate represents loans for the construction of buildings or other improvements to real estate and property held by borrowers for investment purposes generally within our geographical footprint. We require collateral values in excess of the loan amounts, demonstrated cash flows in excess of expected debt service requirements, equity investment in the project and a portion of the project already sold, leased or permanent financing already secured. The expected cash flows from all significant new or renewed income producing property commitments are stress tested to reflect the risks in varying interest rates, vacancy rates and rental rates. As with commercial loans, inherent lending risks are centrally monitored on a continuous basis from underwriting throughout the life of the loan for compliance with applicable lending policies.

The commercial real estate loan balance as a percentage of our total loan portfolio has ranged from 19 percent to 22 percent over the past five years. The outstanding balance of commercial real estate loans increased $140 million over June 30, 2020. Continued friction in the permanent financing market continued to constrain paydown activity. Loans secured by office buildings increased $126 million to $1.1 billion. Loans secured by industrial facilities increased $69 million. Loans secured by other commercial real estate properties decreased $26 million to $507 million. Multifamily residential loans, our largest exposure in commercial real estate, decreased $20 million to $1.4 billion at September 30, 2020. Loans secured by retail facilities were $786 million at September 30, 2020, largely unchanged from the prior quarter.

Approximately 68 percent of loans in this segment are in our geographic footprint based on collateral location. The largest concentration of loans in this segment outside our footprint is Utah, totaling 8 percent of the segment, followed by California at 6 percent. All other states represent less than 5 percent individually.

Loans secured by retail facilities and office buildings may be adversely impacted by measures being taken to hinder the spread of the virus as well as changes in consumer behavior.

Payment Protection Program

We are actively participating in programs initiated by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act"), including the Small Business Administration's ("SBA") Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") that began on April 3, 2020. PPP provided fully forgivable loans when utilized for qualified expenditures, including to help small business maintain payrolls during the COVID-19 pandemic. These loans have a contractual term of two years, though most are expected to be forgiven prior to maturity after completion of a compliance period. Loans are guaranteed and amounts forgiven will be reimbursed to the Company by the SBA. The loans carry a rate of 1 percent. Interest plus loan fees, which vary depending on loan size, are accrued over the contractual life of the loan. Any unaccreted origination fees will be recognized when the loan is paid.

Loans to Individuals

Loans to individuals include residential mortgage and personal loans. Residential mortgage loans provide funds for our customers to purchase or refinance their primary residence or to borrow against the equity in their home. These loans are secured by a first or second mortgage on the customer's primary residence. These loans are made in accordance with underwriting policies we believe to be conservative and are fully documented. Loans may be individually underwritten or credit scored based on size and other criteria. Credit scoring is assessed based on significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and employment stability.

In general, we sell the majority of our conforming fixed rate loan originations in the secondary market and retain the majority of our non-conforming and adjustable-rate mortgage loans. Our mortgage loan portfolio does not include payment option adjustable rate mortgage loans or adjustable rate mortgage loans with initial rates that are below market. Home equity loans are primarily first-lien and fully amortizing.

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Residential mortgage, which includes home equity loans, and personal loans are made in accordance with underwriting policies we believe to be conservative and are fully documented. Loans may be individually underwritten or credit scored based on size and other criteria. Credit scoring is assessed based on significant credit characteristics including credit history, residential and employment stability.

Personal loans consist primarily of loans to Wealth Management clients secured by the cash surrender value of insurance policies and marketable securities. It also includes direct loans secured by and for the purchase of automobiles, recreational and marine equipment as well as unsecured loans.

Approximately 92 percent of the loans in this segment are secured by collateral located within our geographical footprint. Loans for which the collateral location is less relevant, such as unsecured loans are categorized by the borrower’s primary operating location.

Residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies have limited credit exposure because of the agency guarantee. This amount includes residential mortgage loans previously sold into GNMA mortgage pools that the Company may repurchase when certain defined delinquency criteria are met. Because of this repurchase right, the Company is deemed to have regained effective control over these loans and must include them on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The Company secondarily evaluates loan portfolio performance based on the primary geographical market managing the loan. Loans attributed to a geographical market may not represent the location of the borrower or the collateral. All permanent mortgage loans serviced by our mortgage banking unit and held for investment by the Company are centrally managed by the Oklahoma market.

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Table 13-- Loans Managed by Primary Geographical Market

(In thousands)

						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Texas:
Commercial						$	5,545,158					$	5,771,691					$	6,350,690					$	6,174,894					$	6,220,227
Commercial real estate						1,499,630						1,389,547						1,296,266						1,259,117						1,292,116
Paycheck protection program						614,970						612,133						—						—						—
Loans to individuals						792,994						748,474						756,634						727,175						749,361
Total Texas						8,452,752						8,521,845						8,403,590						8,161,186						8,261,704
Oklahoma:
Commercial						4,901,666						5,086,934						3,886,086						3,454,825						3,690,100
Commercial real estate						647,228						636,021						593,473						631,026						679,786
Paycheck protection program						487,247						442,518						—						—						—
Loans to individuals						2,036,452						1,967,665						1,788,518						1,854,864						1,753,698
Total Oklahoma						8,072,593						8,133,138						6,268,077						5,940,715						6,123,584
Colorado:
Commercial						1,501,821						1,600,382						2,181,309						2,169,598						2,247,798
Commercial real estate						890,746						937,742						955,608						927,826						975,066
Paycheck protection program						494,910						488,279						—						—						—
Loans to individuals						257,345						264,872						268,674						276,939						303,605
Total Colorado						3,144,822						3,291,275						3,405,591						3,374,363						3,526,469
Arizona:
Commercial						956,047						1,036,862						1,396,582						1,307,073						1,276,534
Commercial real estate						692,987						689,121						714,161						728,832						771,425
Paycheck protection program						272,114						318,961						—						—						—
Loans to individuals						166,115						177,066						181,821						186,539						170,815
Total Arizona						2,087,263						2,222,010						2,292,564						2,222,444						2,218,774
Kansas/Missouri:
Commercial						414,038						404,860						556,255						527,872						566,969
Commercial real estate						352,241						314,504						310,799						322,541						374,795
Paycheck protection program						80,230						76,724						—						—						—
Loans to individuals						96,358						102,577						116,734						131,069						146,522
Total Kansas/Missouri						942,867						898,665						983,788						981,482						1,088,286
New Mexico:
Commercial						157,322						182,688						327,164						305,320						335,409
Commercial real estate						471,505						455,574						434,150						402,148						374,331
Paycheck protection program						133,244						128,058						—						—						—
Loans to individuals						79,890						83,470						87,110						90,257						92,270
Total New Mexico						841,961						849,790						848,424						797,725						802,010
Arkansas:
Commercial						89,654						75,093						97,889						92,068						87,588
Commercial real estate						139,363						131,635						145,628						162,293						158,538
Paycheck protection program						14,610						14,755						—						—						—
Loans to individuals						17,415						17,684						18,419						18,711						18,414
Total Arkansas						261,042						239,167						261,936						273,072						264,540
Total BOK Financial loans						$	23,803,300					$	24,155,890					$	22,463,970					$	21,750,987					$	22,285,367

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Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

We enter into certain off-balance sheet arrangements in the normal course of business as shown in Table 14. Loan commitments may be unconditional obligations to provide financing or conditional obligations that depend on the borrower’s financial condition, collateral value or other factors. Standby letters of credit are unconditional commitments to guarantee the performance of our customer to a third party. Since some of these commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

We have off-balance sheet commitments related to certain residential mortgage loans sold into mortgage-backed securities as part of our mortgage banking activities. We retain off-balance sheet credit risk related to losses in excess of amounts guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veteran's Affairs ("VA"). During the second quarter, we sold mortgage servicing rights related to residential mortgage loans primarily guaranteed by the VA with an unpaid principal balance of $1.6 billion.

We also have off-balance sheet credit risk related to certain residential mortgage loans primarily originated under community development loan programs that were sold to a U.S. government agency with full recourse prior to 2007. We are obligated to repurchase these loans for the life of these loans in the event of foreclosure for the unpaid principal and interest at the time of foreclosure. The majority of our conforming fixed rate loan originations are sold in the secondary market and we only retain repurchase obligations under standard underwriting representations and warranties.

The CARES Act provided protections for borrowers with agency-backed residential mortgages that are serviced by the Company. Forbearance must be granted upon receiving a request from a borrower and the borrower's attestation to a financial hardship associated with the COVID-19 emergency. The Bank is required to offer up to a 6 month forbearance, with the possibility of an additional 6 month extension. This program was available to all current and delinquent borrowers, including those in bankruptcy and/or foreclosure. As of September 30, 2020, agency-serviced loans in forbearance included 3,436 borrowers with an unpaid principal balance of $567 million. For certain contracts, we must advance principal and interest payments during the forbearance period. Advances as of September 30, 2020 totaled $5.8 million. Advances are generally reimbursed to us by the appropriate agencies. Loans in forbearance are considered delinquent when payments are not made for purposes of valuing mortgage servicing rights and for purposes of determining GNMA loans that are eligible to be repurchased. As of September 30, 2020, 25 percent of borrowers in forbearance remained current.

Table 14 – Off-Balance Sheet Credit Commitments

(In thousands)

						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Loan commitments						$	10,430,160					$	10,298,572					$	9,960,678					$	11,065,649					$	11,259,366
Standby letters of credit						678,136						693,177						683,516						645,505						712,944
Unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans sold with recourse						77,225						82,305						86,336						88,808						92,139
Unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans transferred into mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. Dept. of Veteran's Affairs						1,574,272						1,715,025						3,217,567						3,375,451						3,472,375

Customer Derivative Programs

 

We offer programs that permit our customers to hedge various risks, including fluctuations in energy, cattle and other agricultural product prices, interest rates and foreign exchange rates. Each of these programs work essentially the same way. Derivative contracts are executed between the customers and the Company. Offsetting contracts are executed between the Company and selected counterparties to minimize market risk due to changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates. The counterparty contracts are identical to the customer contracts, except for a fixed pricing spread or a fee paid to us as compensation for administrative costs, credit risk and profit.

The customer derivative programs create credit risk for potential amounts due to the Company from our customers and from the counterparties. Customer credit risk is monitored through existing credit policies and procedures. The effects of changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates are evaluated across a range of possible scenarios to determine the maximum exposure we are willing to have individually to any customer. Customers may also be required to provide cash margin or other collateral in conjunction with our credit agreements to further limit our credit risk.

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Counterparty credit risk is evaluated through existing policies and procedures. This evaluation considers the total relationship between BOK Financial and each of the counterparties. Individual limits are established by management, approved by Credit Administration and reviewed by the Asset/Liability Committee. Margin collateral is required if the exposure between the Company and any counterparty exceeds established limits. Based on declines in the counterparties’ credit ratings, these limits may be reduced and additional margin collateral may be required.

A deterioration of the credit standing of one or more of the customers or counterparties to these contracts may result in BOK Financial recognizing a loss as the fair value of the affected contracts may no longer move in tandem with the offsetting contracts. This occurs if the credit standing of the customer or counterparty deteriorated such that either the fair value of underlying collateral no longer supported the contract or the customer or the counterparty’s ability to provide margin collateral was impaired. Credit losses on customer derivatives reduce brokerage and trading revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Derivative contracts are carried at fair value. At September 30, 2020, the net fair values of derivative contracts, before consideration of cash margin, reported as assets under these programs totaled $615 million compared to $658 million at June 30, 2020. At September 30, 2020, the net fair value of our derivative contracts included $309 million for foreign exchange contracts, $171 million for energy contracts and $132 million for interest rate swaps. The aggregate net fair value of derivative contracts, before consideration of cash margin, held under these programs reported as liabilities totaled $589 million at September 30, 2020 and $620 million at June 30, 2020.

At September 30, 2020, total derivative assets were reduced by $93 million of cash collateral received from counterparties and total derivative liabilities were reduced by $160 million of cash collateral paid to counterparties related to instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement.

A table showing the notional and fair value of derivative assets and liabilities on both a gross and net basis is presented in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The fair value of derivative contracts reported as assets under these programs, net of cash margin held by the Company, by category of debtor at September 30, 2020 follows in Table 15.

Table 15 -- Fair Value of Derivative Contracts

(In thousands)

Customers						$	345,460
Banks and other financial institutions						177,114
Fair value of customer risk management program asset derivative contracts, net						$	522,574

 

At September 30, 2020, our largest derivative exposure was to a borrower for an interest rate swap of $12 million.

Our customer derivative program also introduces liquidity and capital risk. We are required to provide cash margin to certain counterparties when the net negative fair value of the contracts exceeds established limits. Also, changes in commodity prices affect the amount of regulatory capital we are required to hold as support for the fair value of our derivative assets. These risks are modeled as part of the management of these programs. Based on current prices, a decrease in market prices equivalent to $25.91 per barrel of oil would not be great enough to create a scenario in which we are owed by our customers. This is due to the price of oil being within the weighted average fixed price of the portfolio. Rather, we would be owed by the counterparties, however, due to our margining status with counterparties, one would not see any impact here. An increase in prices equivalent to $52.67 per barrel of oil would increase the fair value of derivative assets by $347 million as margin received falls faster than the asset values. Further increases in price to the equivalent of $71.23 per barrel of oil would increase the fair value of our derivative assets by $831 million with lending customers comprising the bulk of     the assets. Liquidity requirements of this program may also be affected by our credit rating. At September 30, 2020, a decrease in our credit rating to below investment grade would increase our obligation to post cash margin on existing contracts by approximately $10 million. The fair value of our to-be-announced residential mortgage-backed securities and interest rate swap derivative contracts is affected by changes in interest rates. Based on our assessment as of September 30, 2020, changes in interest rates would not materially impact regulatory capital or liquidity needed to support this portion of our customer derivative program.

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Summary of Credit Loss Experience

Table 16 -- Summary of Credit Loss Experience

(In thousands)

			Three Months Ended
			Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance			$	435,597					$	315,311					210,759
CECL transition adjustment1			—						—						25,809
Beginning balance, adjusted			435,597						315,311						236,568
Loans charged off			(26,661)						(15,570)						(18,917)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off			4,232						1,491						1,696
Net loans charged off			(22,429)						(14,079)						(17,221)
Provision for credit losses			6,609						134,365						95,964
Ending balance			$	419,777					$	435,597					315,311
Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments:
Beginning balance			$	32,919					$	28,514					1,585
CECL transition adjustment			—						—						23,552
Beginning balance, adjusted			32,919						28,514						25,137
Provision for credit losses			(4,950)						4,405						3,377
Ending balance			$	27,969					$	32,919					28,514
Accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk associated with mortgage banking activities:
Beginning balance			$	6,041					$	9,660					4,820
CECL transition adjustment			—						—						10,915
Beginning balance, adjusted			6,041						9,660						15,735
Loans charged off			(25)						(44)						(55)
Provision for credit losses			(770)						(3,575)						(6,020)
Ending balance			$	5,246					$	6,041					9,660
Allowance for credit losses related to held-to-maturity (investment) securities:
Beginning balance			$	1,628					$	1,502					$	—
CECL transition adjustment			—						—						1,052
Beginning balance, adjusted			1,628						1,502						1,052
Provision for credit losses			(889)						126						450
Ending balance			$	739					$	1,628					$	1,502
Total provision for credit losses			$	—					$	135,321					$	93,771
Net charge-offs (annualized) to average loans			0.37		%				0.23		%				0.31		%
Net charge-offs (annualized) to average loans excluding PPP loans2			0.41		%				0.25		%				0.31		%
Recoveries to gross charge-offs			15.87		%				9.58		%				8.97		%
Provision for loan losses (annualized) to average loans			—		%				2.25		%				1.71		%
Allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding at period-end			1.76		%				1.80		%				1.40		%
Allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding at period-end excluding PPP loans2			1.93		%				1.97		%				1.40		%
Accrual for unfunded loan commitments to loan commitments			0.27		%				0.32		%				0.29		%
Combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments to loans outstanding at period-end			1.88		%				1.94		%				1.53		%
Combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments to loans outstanding at period-end excluding PPP loans2			2.06		%				2.12		%				1.53		%

1    Included $1.3 million related to measurement changes to the allowance attributed to outstanding loan balances and $24.5 million related to recognition of expected credit losses on acquired loans.

2    Metric meaningful due to the unique characteristics and short-term nature of the PPP loans.

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			Three Months Ended
			Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance			$	204,432					$	202,534
Loans charged off			(14,268)						(11,707)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off			1,816						1,066
Net loans charged off			(12,452)						(10,641)
Provision for loan losses			18,779						12,539
Ending balance			$	210,759					$	204,432
Accrual for off-balance sheet credit losses:
Beginning balance			$	1,364					$	1,903
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses			221						(539)
Ending balance			$	1,585					$	1,364
Total combined provision for credit losses			$	19,000					$	12,000
Net charge-offs (recoveries) (annualized) to average loans			0.22		%				0.19		%
Recoveries to gross charge-offs			12.73		%				9.11		%
Provision for loan losses (annualized) to average loans			0.34		%				0.21		%
Allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding at period-end			0.97		%				0.92		%
Accrual for off-balance sheet credit losses to off-balance sheet credit commitments			0.01		%				0.01		%
Combined allowance for credit losses and off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments to loans outstanding at period-end			0.98		%				0.92		%

Allowance for Loan Losses and Accrual for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Risk from Unfunded Loan Commitments

The Company adopted FASB Accounting Standard Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Assets Measured at Amortized Cost ("CECL") on January 1, 2020 through a pre-tax cumulative-effect adjustment to equity of $61.4 million. CECL requires recognition of expected credit losses on assets carried at amortized cost over their expected lives. The previous incurred loss model incorporated only known information as of the balance sheet date. Prior years reported under the incurred loss model have not been restated. CECL uses models to measure the probability of default and loss given default over a 12-month reasonable and supportable forecast period. Models incorporate base case, downside and upside macroeconomic variables such as real gross domestic product ("GDP") growth, civilian unemployment rate and West Texas Intermediate ("WTI") oil prices on a probability weighted basis. See Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of methodology of allowance for loan losses.

No provision for credit losses was necessary for the third quarter of 2020. A $1.7 million provision related to lending activities was offset by a decrease in the accrual for expected credit losses from mortgage banking activities and allowance for credit losses from investment securities. Changes in our reasonable and supportable forecasts of macroeconomic variables, primarily due to an improved economic outlook related to the anticipated impact of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, and other assumptions, resulted in a $12.8 million decrease in the provision for credit losses from lending activities. Changes in the loan portfolio characteristics, including specific impairment and losses, loan balances and risk grading resulted in a $14.5 million increase in the provision for credit losses from lending activities.

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Our reasonable and supportable forecast of macroeconomic variables are significantly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic developments and related government stimulus policies. A summary of macroeconomic variables considered in developing our estimate of expected credit losses at September 30, 2020 follows:

			Base			Downside			Upside
Scenario probability weighting			50%			25%			25%
COVID-19 trajectory			Trajectory of COVID-19 maintains current level with localized and state-level hotspots and second waves emerging. This leads to isolated shutdowns; FDA approval of at least one vaccine before the end of 2020 and large share of U.S. population vaccinated by end of third quarter of 2021.			Trajectory of COVID-19 pandemic worsens moving into fall and winter months; widespread second wave emerges throughout the fourth quarter of 2020 and first quarter of 2021. As cases rise, highly impacted states/regions enact shutdowns, though a nation-wide shutdown is not re-implemented. FDA approves at least one vaccine by the first quarter of 2021, but slow distribution delays widespread vaccination in the U.S. until early 2022.			Trajectory of COVID-19 continues to improve from peak experienced in summer. This leads to isolated shutdowns, even at a more localized level.
Economic recovery (driven by COVID-19 trajectory)			After a strong bounce back in third quarter of 2020, GDP moderates to rates consistent with historical averages and recovers to pre-COVID-19 levels by the end of 2021.			Deteriorated COVID-19 situation, slow vaccine distribution and lack of fiscal stimulus in 2020 cause the economy to fall back into recession. GDP does not recover to pre-COVID-19 levels until early 2023.			After a strong bounce back in third quarter of 2020, GDP continues to grow at levels above historical averages, especially in the first quarter of 2021. GDP recovers to pre-COVID-19 levels by mid-year 2021.
Fiscal stimulus (driven by economic recovery)			No additional fiscal stimulus packages are enacted in 2020. First quarter 2021 additional fiscal stimulus package enacted just under $1.0 trillion. Stimulus will be more targeted and include a less generous round of unemployment benefits, additional small business support and modest state fiscal aid, but no further payments to individuals.			No additional fiscal stimulus packages are enacted in 2020. Large-scale fiscal stimulus package of $1.5 to $2.0 trillion enacted in the first quarter of 2021. Stimulus will be more targeted and include a less generous round of unemployment benefits, additional small business support and state fiscal aid and payments to individuals.			No additional fiscal stimulus packages are enacted in 2020 or 2021.
Macro-economic factors			–GDP is forecasted to grow by 4.0 percent over the next 12 months. –Civilian unemployment rate of 9.0 percent in the third quarter of 2020 improves to 6.9 percent by the third quarter of 2021. –WTI oil prices are projected to generally follow the NYMEX forward curve that existed at the end of September 2020 and are expected to average $41.65 per barrel over the next 12 months.			–GDP is forecasted to contract 0.8 percent over the next 12 months. –Civilian unemployment rate of 9.0 percent in the third quarter of 2020 increases in the next two quarters then improving to 9.5 percent by the third quarter of 2021. –WTI oil prices are projected to average $33.61 over the next 12 months.			–GDP is forecasted to grow by 7.0 percent over the next 12 months. –Civilian unemployment rate of 9.0 percent in the third quarter of 2020 quickly improves to 5.9 percent by the third quarter of 2021. –WTI oil prices are projected to average $44.60 per barrel over the next 12 months.

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Net charge-offs and changes in specific impairments attributed to certain credits required a $17.8 million provision during the third quarter. This provision was partially offset by a change in risk grading and outstanding loan balances to measure the provision for credit losses related to changes in loan portfolio characteristics. A summary of outstanding loan balances by risk grade is included in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Non-pass grade loans include other loans especially mentioned, defined by regulatory guidelines as loans that are currently performing in compliance with original terms but may have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention, accruing substandard loans, and nonaccruing loans. Non-pass grade loans totaled $1.5 billion at September 30, a $79 million decrease from June 30. Non-pass graded energy loans totaled $1.0 billion at September 30, a $99 million decrease from June 30.

Although fiscal stimulus through PPP, SBA support and other CARES Act programs have had a positive impact on credit quality, we received a number of deferral or forbearance requests early in the second quarter of 2020. All requests were evaluated on a case-by-case basis and all loans greater than $1 million that requested forbearance were reviewed for proper grading. At the peak, deferral request totaled $1.6 billion or 8 percent of total loans. More than 80 percent of loans have since returned to regular payment status. At September 30, 2020, $264 million or 1 percent of loans remain in deferral status, including $99 million or 1 percent of commercial loans, primarily small business and healthcare loans; $123 million or 3 percent of commercial real estate loans and $42 million or 1 percent of personal loans.

The allowance for loan losses totaled $420 million or 1.76 percent of outstanding loans and 195 percent of nonaccruing loans at September 30, 2020, excluding residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. The combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments was $448 million or 1.88 percent of outstanding loans and 208 percent of nonaccruing loans at September 30, 2020. Excluding PPP loans, the allowance for loan losses was 1.93 percent of outstanding loans and the combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments was 2.06 percent.

The allowance for credit losses attributed to energy was 4.30 percent of outstanding energy loans at September 30. Our semi-annual borrowing base redeterminations during the second quarter of 2020 were based on forward pricing curves that existed at that time, which resulted in credit quality migration. While forward prices subsequently improved, the pricing environment remains fragile and tied to the continued economic recovery from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe the duration of the downturn is a more significant factor affecting performance than the level of prices.

We also conduct quarterly stress tests of our energy borrowers with more than 50 percent funding on their lines of credit and all non-pass graded loans using a current price deck discounted at 20 percent. This stress test helps us identify potential issues, although the most recent test corroborated the risk grading of energy borrowers evaluated once hedging was taken into consideration. Of all the energy customers that we stress test, which makes up 96 percent of production loans outstanding, 93 percent of our customers have some level of hedging in the 12-month range and many of them carry into the 24-month range.

The company recorded a $135.3 million provision for credit losses in the second quarter of 2020. The allowance for loan losses was $436 million or 1.80 percent of outstanding loans and 175 percent of nonaccruing loans, excluding loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies at June 30, 2020. The combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments was $469 million or 1.94 percent of outstanding loans and 188 percent of core nonaccruing loans. Excluding PPP loans, the allowance for loan losses was 1.97 percent of outstanding loans and the combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments was 2.12 percent.

Net Loans Charged Off

Net charge-offs of commercial loans were $22.3 million in the third quarter of 2020, primarily related to a single energy production borrower and a single commercial service sector borrower. Net commercial real estate loan charge-offs were $299 thousand and net recoveries of loans to individuals were $123 thousand. Net charge-offs of loans to individuals include deposit account overdraft losses.

Accrual for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Risk Associated with Mortgage Banking Activities

The accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk associated with mortgage banking activities includes consideration of credit risk related to certain residential mortgage loans sold into mortgage-backed securities in excess of amounts guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veteran's Affairs ("VA") and mortgage loans originated under community development loan programs that were sold to a U.S. government agency with full recourse.

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We use publicly available long-term national data to estimate total loss given default for our off-balance sheet credit risk related to losses in excess of amounts guaranteed by the VA. This result is combined with probability of default output from our mortgage servicing rights model to estimate total expected loss. Then, we estimate the VA's guarantee percentage to determine our portion of the credit risk. Qualitative adjustment may be used, if necessary.

Allowance for Credit Losses Related to Held-to-Maturity (Investment) Securities

The expected credit losses principles apply to all financial assets measured at cost, including our held-to-maturity (investment) debt securities portfolio. Our investment portfolio includes municipal and other tax-exempt securities and other debt securities. Expected credit losses for these assets is based on probability of default and loss given default assumptions that align with similarly graded loans. Qualitative adjustment may be used, if necessary.

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Nonperforming Assets

As more fully described in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, loans are generally classified as nonaccruing when it becomes probable that we will not collect the full contractual principal and interest. Accruing renegotiated loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies represent residential mortgage loans that have been modified in troubled debt restructurings. Interest continues to accrue based on the modified terms of the loan and loans may be sold once they become eligible according to U.S. government agency guidelines. Real estate and other repossessed assets are assets acquired in partial or total forgiveness of loans. The assets are carried at the lower of cost as determined by fair value at the date of foreclosure or current fair value, less estimated selling costs. A summary of nonperforming assets follows in Table 17:

Table 17 -- Nonperforming Assets

(In thousands)

						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Nonaccruing loans:
Commercial:
Energy						$	126,816					$	162,989					$	96,448					$	91,722					$	88,894
Healthcare						3,645						3,645						4,070						4,480						5,978
Services						25,817						21,032						8,425						7,483						6,119
General business						13,675						14,333						9,681						11,731						10,715
Total commercial						169,953						201,999						118,624						115,416						111,706
Commercial real estate						12,952						13,956						8,545						27,626						23,185
Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage						31,599						33,098						30,721						31,522						30,972
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						6,397						6,110						5,005						6,100						6,332
Personal						252						233						277						287						271
Total loans to individuals						38,248						39,441						36,003						37,909						37,575
Total nonaccruing loans						$	221,153					$	255,396					$	163,172					$	180,951					$	172,466
Accruing renegotiated loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						142,770						114,571						91,757						92,452						92,718
Real estate and other repossessed assets						52,847						35,330						36,744						20,359						21,026
Total nonperforming assets						$	416,770					$	405,297					$	291,673					$	293,762					$	286,210
Total nonperforming assets excluding those guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						$	267,603					$	284,616					$	194,911					$	195,210					$	187,160
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccruing loans1,3						195.47		%				174.74		%				199.35		%				120.54		%				123.05		%
Nonperforming assets to outstanding loans and repossessed assets						1.75		%				1.68		%				1.30		%				1.35		%				1.28		%
Nonperforming assets to outstanding loans and repossessed assets excluding residential mortgage and PPP loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies2,3						1.25		%				1.31		%				0.87		%				0.90		%				0.85		%
Nonaccruing commercial loans to outstanding commercial loans						1.25		%				1.43		%				0.80		%				0.82		%				0.77		%
Nonaccruing commercial real estate loans to outstanding commercial real estate loans						0.28		%				0.31		%				0.19		%				0.62		%				0.50		%
Nonaccruing loans to individuals to outstanding loans to individuals3						1.04		%				1.10		%				1.03		%				1.03		%				1.03		%

1     Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the required expected credit loss approach for the allowance as required by ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. All periods prior to January 1, 2020 reflect the incurred loss approach in effect at that time.

2     Excludes residential mortgage and PPP loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies.

3    Excludes residential mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies.

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Excluding assets guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, nonperforming assets decreased $17 million from June 30, 2020, primarily due to a $36 million decrease in nonaccruing energy loans, partially offset by a $4.8 million increase in nonaccruing services loans and an $18 million increase in real estate and other repossessed assets. Newly identified nonaccruing loans totaled $50 million, partially offset by $35 million of payments, $27 million of charge-offs and $23 million of foreclosures. The Company generally retains nonperforming assets to maximize potential recovery, which may cause future nonperforming assets to decrease more slowly.

A rollforward of nonperforming assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 follows in Table 18.

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Table 18 -- Rollforward of Nonperforming Assets

(In thousands)

						Three Months Ended
						September 30, 2020
						Nonaccruing Loans
						Commercial						Commercial Real Estate						Loan to Individuals						Total						Renegotiated Loans						Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets						Total Nonperforming Assets
Balance, June 30, 2020						$	201,999					$	13,956					$	39,441					$	255,396					$	114,571					$	35,330					$	405,297
Additions						45,119						10						4,762						49,891						36,468						—						86,359
Payments						(30,433)						(106)						(4,416)						(34,955)						(550)						—						(35,505)
Charge-offs						(25,319)						(413)						(929)						(26,661)						—						—						(26,661)
Net losses and write-downs						—						—						—						—						—						(4,221)						(4,221)
Foreclosure of nonperforming loans						(21,413)						(495)						(635)						(22,543)						—						22,543						—
Foreclosure of loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						—						—						(318)						(318)						(719)						—						(1,037)
Proceeds from sales						—						—						—						—						(7,581)						(805)						(8,386)
Net transfers to nonaccruing loans						—						—						343						343						—						—						343
Return to accrual status						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Other, net						—						—						—						—						581						—						581
Balance, September 30, 2020						$	169,953					$	12,952					$	38,248					$	221,153					$	142,770					$	52,847					$	416,770
						Nine Months Ended
						September 30, 2020
						Nonaccruing Loans
						Commercial						Commercial Real Estate						Loan to Individuals						Total						Renegotiated Loans						Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets						Total Nonperforming Assets
Balance, Dec. 31, 2019						$	115,416					$	27,626					$	37,909					$	180,951					$	92,452					$	20,359					$	293,762
Additions						184,755						5,460						14,885						205,100						77,317						—						282,417
Payments						(51,085)						(294)						(9,001)						(60,380)						(2,135)						—						(62,515)
Charge-offs						(56,421)						(1,300)						(3,427)						(61,148)						—						—						(61,148)
Net losses and write-downs						—						—						—						—						—						(3,639)						(3,639)
Foreclosure of nonperforming loans						(22,493)						(18,540)						(1,066)						(42,099)						—						42,099						—
Foreclosure of loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						—						—						(1,395)						(1,395)						(2,881)						—						(4,276)
Proceeds from sales						—						—						—						—						(22,316)						(5,972)						(28,288)
Net transfers to nonaccruing loans						—						—						343						343						—						—						343
Return to accrual status						(219)						—						—						(219)						(933)						—						(1,152)
Other, net						—						—						—						—						1,266						—						1,266
Balance, September 30, 2020						$	169,953					$	12,952					$	38,248					$	221,153					$	142,770					$	52,847					$	416,770

We foreclose on loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies in accordance with agency guidelines. Generally these loans are not eligible for modification programs or have failed to comply with modified loan terms. Principal is guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government, subject to limitations and credit risk is limited. At foreclosure, these amounts are transferred to claims receivable accounts. These properties will be conveyed to the agencies once applicable criteria have been met. 

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Real Estate and Other Repossessed Assets

Real estate and other repossessed assets totaled $53 million at September 30, 2020, composed primarily of $23 million of developed commercial real estate, $23 million of oil and gas properties, $5.0 million of undeveloped land primarily zoned for commercial development and $1.6 million of 1-4 family residential properties. Real estate and other repossessed assets totaled $35 million at June 30, 2020. The increase over June 30 was primarily due to repossessed oil and gas properties.

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Liquidity and Capital

Based on the average balances for the third quarter of 2020, approximately 71 percent of our funding was provided by deposit accounts, 13 percent from borrowed funds, less than 1 percent from long-term subordinated debt and 11 percent from equity. Our funding sources, which primarily include deposits and borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Banks and other banks, provide adequate liquidity to meet our operating needs.

Subsidiary Bank

Deposits and borrowed funds are the primary sources of liquidity for BOKF, NA, the wholly owned subsidiary bank of BOK Financial. We compete for retail and commercial deposits by offering a broad range of products and services and focusing on customer convenience. Retail deposit growth is supported through personal and small business checking, online bill paying services, mobile banking services, an extensive network of branch locations and ATMs and our ExpressBank call center. Commercial deposit growth is supported by offering treasury management and lockbox services. We also acquire brokered deposits when the cost of funds is advantageous to other funding sources.

Average deposits for the third quarter of 2020 totaled $34.6 billion, a $2.0 billion increase over the second quarter of 2020. Continued deposit growth was primarily due to customers maintaining higher balances in the current economic environment. Interest-bearing transaction account balances increased $1.7 billion. Demand deposits increased $440 million while certificate of deposit balances decreased $214 million.

Table 19 - Average Deposits by Line of Business

(In thousands)

			Three Months Ended
			Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Commercial Banking			$	15,375,450					$	14,599,225					$	11,907,386					$	11,419,558					$	10,833,057
Consumer Banking			7,940,973						7,587,246						6,869,481						6,974,453						6,983,018
Wealth Management			9,090,116						8,385,681						7,623,986						7,301,391						6,590,332
Subtotal			32,406,539						30,572,152						26,400,853						25,695,402						24,406,407
Funds Management and other			2,233,394						2,078,802						1,794,715						1,404,838						1,293,767
Total			$	34,639,933					$	32,650,954					$	28,195,568					$	27,100,240					$	25,700,174

Average Commercial Banking deposit balances increased $776 million over the second quarter of 2020. Interest-bearing transaction account balances increased $679 million. Demand deposit balances were up $215 million. Time deposits decreased $119 million compared to the prior quarter. Commercial customers continue to retain large cash reserves primarily due to a combination of factors including uncertainty about the economic environment and potential for growth, lack of preferable liquid alternatives and a desire to minimize deposit service charges through the earnings credit. The earnings credit is a non-cash method that enables commercial customers to offset deposit service charges based on account balances. Commercial deposit balances may decrease as the economic outlook improves and if short-term rates move higher, enhancing their investment alternatives.

Average Consumer Banking deposit balances increased $354 million over the prior quarter. A $151 million increase in interest-bearing transaction deposit balances, a $220 million increase in demand deposit balances and a $51 million increase in savings account balances were partially offset by a $69 million decrease in time deposit balances.

Average Wealth Management deposits increased $704 million over the second quarter of 2020, primarily due to interest-bearing transaction accounts.

Average time deposits for the third quarter of 2020 included $86 million of brokered deposits, a $72 million decrease compared to the second quarter of 2020. Average interest-bearing transaction accounts for the third quarter included $1.9 billion of brokered deposits, a $69 million increase over the second quarter of 2020.

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The distribution of our period end deposit account balances among principal markets follows in Table 20.

Table 20 -- Period End Deposits by Principal Market Area

(In thousands)

						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Oklahoma:
Demand						$	4,493,691					$	4,378,559					$	3,669,558					$	3,257,337					$	3,515,312
Interest-bearing:
Transaction						12,586,401						11,438,489						9,955,697						8,574,912						7,447,799
Savings						401,062						387,557						329,631						306,194						308,103
Time						1,081,176						1,330,619						1,137,802						1,125,446						1,198,170
Total interest-bearing						14,068,639						13,156,665						11,423,130						10,006,552						8,954,072
Total Oklahoma						18,562,330						17,535,224						15,092,688						13,263,889						12,469,384
Texas:
Demand						3,152,393						3,070,955						2,767,399						2,757,376						2,867,915
Interest-bearing:
Transaction						3,482,603						3,358,090						2,874,362						2,911,731						2,589,063
Savings						136,787						128,892						115,039						102,456						100,597
Time						438,337						476,867						505,565						495,343						464,264
Total interest-bearing						4,057,727						3,963,849						3,494,966						3,509,530						3,153,924
Total Texas						7,210,120						7,034,804						6,262,365						6,266,906						6,021,839
Colorado:
Demand						2,057,603						2,096,075						1,579,764						1,729,674						1,694,044
Interest-bearing:
Transaction						1,861,763						1,816,604						1,759,384						1,769,037						1,910,874
Savings						68,230						67,477						58,000						53,307						60,107
Time						226,780						254,845						279,105						283,517						273,622
Total interest-bearing						2,156,773						2,138,926						2,096,489						2,105,861						2,244,603
Total Colorado						4,214,376						4,235,001						3,676,253						3,835,535						3,938,647
New Mexico:
Demand						964,908						965,877						750,052						623,722						645,698
Interest-bearing:
Transaction						713,418						752,565						563,891						558,493						539,260
Savings						85,463						80,242						67,553						63,999						62,863
Time						200,525						222,370						235,778						238,140						236,135
Total interest-bearing						999,406						1,055,177						867,222						860,632						838,258
Total New Mexico						1,964,314						2,021,054						1,617,274						1,484,354						1,483,956

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						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Arizona:
Demand						928,671						985,757						665,396						681,268						705,895
Interest-bearing:
Transaction						771,319						780,500						729,603						684,929						600,103
Savings						11,498						15,669						8,832						10,314						12,487
Time						36,929						42,318						47,081						49,676						44,347
Total interest-bearing						819,746						838,487						785,516						744,919						656,937
Total Arizona						1,748,417						1,824,244						1,450,912						1,426,187						1,362,832
Kansas/Missouri:
Demand						405,360						427,795						318,985						384,533						376,020
Interest-bearing:
Transaction						616,797						526,635						537,552						784,574						284,940
Savings						15,520						15,033						12,888						12,169						11,689
Time						16,430						17,746						19,137						17,877						19,126
Total interest-bearing						648,747						559,414						569,577						814,620						315,755
Total Kansas/Missouri						1,054,107						987,209						888,562						1,199,153						691,775
Arkansas:
Demand						44,712						67,147						70,428						27,381						39,513
Interest-bearing:
Transaction						164,439						177,535						175,803						108,076						149,506
Savings						2,389						2,101						1,862						1,837						1,747
Time						7,796						7,995						8,005						7,850						7,877
Total interest-bearing						174,624						187,631						185,670						117,763						159,130
Total Arkansas						219,336						254,778						256,098						145,144						198,643
Total BOK Financial deposits						$	34,973,000					$	33,892,314					$	29,244,152					$	27,621,168					$	26,167,076

In addition to deposits, liquidity is provided primarily by federal funds purchased, securities repurchase agreements and Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings. Federal funds purchased consist primarily of unsecured, overnight funds acquired from other financial institutions. Funds are primarily purchased from bankers’ banks and Federal Home Loan banks from across the country. The largest single source of wholesale federal funds purchased totaled $200 million at September 30, 2020. Securities repurchase agreements generally mature within 90 days and are secured by certain available for sale and trading securities. Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings are generally short-term and are secured by a blanket pledge of eligible collateral (generally unencumbered U.S. Treasury and agency mortgage-backed securities, 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, multifamily and other qualifying commercial real estate loans). Amounts borrowed from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Topeka averaged $1.2 billion during the quarter, compared to $2.7 billion in the second quarter of 2020.

On April 13, 2020, the banking agencies published an interim final rule which permits banking organizations to exclude from regulatory capital requirements PPP covered loans pledged to the Federal Reserve's Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility ("PPLF"). The Company initially funded PPP loans from deposits and Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings, but transitioned to the PPLF in June in order to realize this regulatory capital relief.

At September 30, 2020, the estimated unused credit available to BOKF, NA from collateralized sources was approximately $15.3 billion.

A summary of other borrowings for BOK Financial on a consolidated basis follows in Table 21.

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Table 21 -- Borrowed Funds

(In thousands)

												Three Months Ended September 30, 2020																								Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
						Sept. 30, 2020						Average Balance During the Quarter						Rate						Maximum Outstanding At Any Month End During the Quarter						June 30, 2020						Average Balance During the Quarter						Rate						Maximum Outstanding At Any Month End During the Quarter
Funds purchased						516,048						1,665,046						0.19		%				1,741,707						830,732						2,411,533						0.15		%				3,311,938
Repurchase agreements						457,604						1,117,104						0.14		%				570,563						526,870						3,404,951						0.14		%				3,230,097
Other borrowings:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances						700,000						1,228,261						0.35		%				700,000						1,000,000						2,658,242						0.53		%				2,300,000
GNMA repurchase liability						26,130						108,910						1.07		%				124,444						126,569						21,229						4.28		%				126,569
Federal Reserve Bank advances						—						—						—		%				—						—						135,165						0.25		%				—
Paycheck protection program liquidity facility						2,013,414						2,013,414						0.35		%				2,013,414						2,013,414						678,645						0.36		%				2,013,414
Other						31,885						32,103						5.64		%				32,346						33,580						34,022						3.51		%				49,376
Total other borrowings						2,771,429						3,382,688						0.43		%										3,173,563						3,527,303						0.56		%
Subordinated debentures1						275,986						275,980						4.89		%				275,986						275,973						275,949						5.16		%				275,973
Total other borrowed funds and subordinated debentures						$	4,021,067					$	6,440,818					0.51		%										$	4,807,138					$	9,619,736					0.44		%

1 Parent Company only.

BOKF, NA also has a liability related to the repurchase of certain delinquent residential mortgage loans previously sold in GNMA mortgage pools. Interest is payable monthly at rates contractually due to investors. This liability increased over the prior quarter primarily due to GNMA loans serviced by the Company that are participating in the forbearance program included in the CARES Act, which began in the second quarter. As delinquencies increase, the GNMA repurchase liability will also increase.

Parent Company

At September 30, 2020, cash and interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents held by the parent company totaled $197 million. The primary sources of liquidity for BOK Financial are cash on hand and dividends from BOKF, NA. Dividends from the bank are limited by various banking regulations to net profits, as defined, for the year plus retained profits for the two preceding years. Dividends are further restricted by minimum capital requirements. At September 30, 2020, based upon the most restrictive limitations as well as management's internal capital policy, BOKF, NA could declare up to $402 million of dividends without regulatory approval. Dividend constraints may be alleviated through increases in retained earnings, capital issuances or changes in risk weighted assets. Future losses or increases in required regulatory capital at the bank could affect its ability to pay dividends to the parent company.

Our equity capital at September 30, 2020 was $5.2 billion, a $122 million increase over June 30, 2020. Net income less cash dividends paid increased equity $118 million during the third quarter of 2020. Changes in interest rates resulted in a $5.1 million decrease in accumulated other comprehensive gain compared to June 30, 2020. Capital is managed to maximize long-term value to the shareholders. Factors considered in managing capital include projections of future earnings including expected benefits from lower federal income tax rates, asset growth and acquisition strategies, and regulatory and debt covenant requirements. Capital management may include subordinated debt or perpetual preferred stock issuance, share repurchase and stock and cash dividends.

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On April 30, 2019, the board of directors authorized the Company to purchase up to five million common shares, subject to market conditions, securities law and other regulatory compliance limitations. As of September 30, 2020, 1,308,713 shares have been repurchased under this authorization. The Company paused share repurchases through the third quarter of 2020. We view share buybacks opportunistically, but within the context of maintaining our strong capital position.

BOK Financial and BOKF, NA are subject to various capital requirements administered by federal agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that could have a material impact on operations. These capital requirements include quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items. The capital standards are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators.

A summary of minimum capital requirements, including capital conservation buffer follows in Table 22. A bank which falls below these levels, including the capital conservation buffer, would be subject to regulatory restrictions on capital distributions (including but not limited to dividends and share repurchases) and executive bonus payments.

In March 2020, in response to the impact on the financial markets by the COVID-19 pandemic, the banking agencies issued an interim final rule permitting banking organizations that implement CECL the option to delay for two years an estimate of the CECL methodology's effect on regulatory capital, followed by a three-year transition period. The estimate includes the implementation date adjustment as of January 1, 2020 plus an estimate of the impact of the change for a two year period following implementation of CECL. We have elected to delay the regulatory capital impact of the transition in accordance with the interim final rule. Deferral of the impact of CECL added 30 basis points to the Company's Common equity Tier 1 capital at September 30, 2020.

The capital ratios for BOK Financial on a consolidated basis are presented in Table 22.

Table 22 -- Capital Ratios

						Minimum Capital Requirement						Capital Conservation Buffer						Minimum Capital Requirement Including Capital Conservation Buffer						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Sept. 30, 2019
Risk-based capital:
Common equity Tier 1						4.50		%				2.50		%				7.00		%				12.07		%				11.44		%				11.06		%
Tier 1 capital						6.00		%				2.50		%				8.50		%				12.07		%				11.44		%				11.06		%
Total capital						8.00		%				2.50		%				10.50		%				14.05		%				13.43		%				12.56		%
Tier 1 Leverage						4.00		%				N/A						4.00		%				8.39		%				7.74		%				8.41		%
Average total equity to average assets																								10.55		%				10.19		%				10.97		%
Tangible common equity ratio																								9.02		%				8.79		%				8.72		%

Capital resources of financial institutions are also regularly measured by the tangible common shareholders’ equity ratio. Tangible common shareholders’ equity is shareholders’ equity as defined by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) less intangible assets and equity which does not benefit common shareholders. Equity that does not benefit common shareholders includes preferred equity. This non-GAAP measure is a valuable indicator of a financial institution’s capital strength since it eliminates intangible assets from shareholders’ equity and retains the effect of unrealized losses on securities and other components of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity.

Table 23 provides a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures with financial measures defined by GAAP.

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Table 23 -- Non-GAAP Measure

(Dollars in thousands)

						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Tangible common equity ratio:
Total shareholders' equity						$	5,218,787					$	5,096,995					$	5,026,248					$	4,855,795					$	4,829,016
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets, net						1,166,615						1,171,686						1,169,898						1,173,362						1,172,411
Tangible common equity						4,052,172						3,925,309						3,856,350						3,682,433						3,656,605
Total assets						46,067,224						45,819,874						47,119,162						42,172,021						43,127,205
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets, net						1,166,615						1,171,686						1,169,898						1,173,362						1,172,411
Tangible assets						$	44,900,609					$	44,648,188					$	45,949,264					$	40,998,659					$	41,954,794
Tangible common equity ratio						9.02		%				8.79		%				8.39		%				8.98		%				8.72		%

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the Company’s significant off-balance sheet commitments.

Market Risk

Market risk is a broad term for the risk of economic loss due to adverse changes in the fair value of a financial instrument. These changes may be the result of various factors, including interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices or equity prices. Financial instruments that are subject to market risk can be classified either as held for trading or held for purposes other than trading. Market risk excludes changes in fair value due to the credit of the individual issuers of financial instruments.

BOK Financial is subject to market risk primarily through the effect of changes in interest rates on both its assets held for purposes other than trading and trading assets. The effects of other changes, such as foreign exchange rates, commodity prices or equity prices do not pose significant market risk to BOK Financial. BOK Financial has no material investments in assets that are affected by changes in foreign exchange rates or equity prices. Energy and agricultural product derivative contracts, which are affected by changes in commodity prices, are matched against offsetting contracts as previously discussed.

The Asset/Liability Committee is responsible for managing market risk in accordance with policy limits established by the Board of Directors. The Committee monitors projected variation in net interest revenue, net income and economic value of equity due to specified changes in interest rates. These limits also set maximum levels for short-term borrowings, short-term assets, public funds and brokered deposits and establish minimum levels for un-pledged assets, among other things. Further, the Board approved market risk limits for fixed income trading, mortgage pipeline and mortgage servicing assets inclusive of economic hedge benefits. Exposure is measured daily and compliance is reviewed monthly. Deviations from the Board approved limits, which periodically occur throughout the reporting period, may require management to develop and execute plans to reduce exposure. These plans are subject to escalation to and approval by the Board.

The simulations used to manage market risk are based on numerous assumptions regarding the effects of changes in interest rates on the timing and extent of repricing characteristics, future cash flows and customer behavior. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, models cannot precisely estimate or precisely predict the impact of higher or lower interest rates. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, market conditions and management strategies, among other factors.

Interest Rate Risk – Other than Trading

 

As previously noted in the Net Interest Revenue section of this report, management has implemented strategies to manage the Company’s balance sheet to have relatively limited exposure to changes in interest rates over a twelve-month period. The effectiveness of these strategies in managing the overall interest rate risk is evaluated through the use of an asset/liability model. BOK Financial performs a sensitivity analysis to identify more dynamic interest rate risk exposures, including embedded option positions, on net interest revenue. A simulation model is used to estimate the effect of changes in interest rates on our performance across multiple interest rate scenarios. Our current internal policy limit for net interest revenue variation due to a 200 basis point parallel change in market interest rates over twelve months is a maximum decline of 5 percent. The results of a decrease in interest rates in the current low-rate environment are not meaningful.

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The Company’s primary interest rate exposures include the Federal Funds rate, which affects short-term borrowings, and the prime lending rate and LIBOR, which are the basis for much of the variable rate loan pricing. Additionally, residential mortgage rates directly affect the prepayment speeds for residential mortgage-backed securities and mortgage servicing rights. Derivative financial instruments and other financial instruments used for purposes other than trading are included in this simulation. In addition, the impact on the level and composition of demand deposit accounts and other core deposit balances resulting from a significant increase in short-term market interest rates and the overall interest rate environment is likely to be material. The simulation incorporates assumptions regarding the effects of such changes based on a combination of historical analysis and expected behavior. The impact of planned growth and new business activities is factored into the simulation model. 

Table 24 -- Interest Rate Sensitivity

(Dollars in thousands)

						200 bp Increase1												100 bp Decrease2
						September 30,												September 30,
						2020						2019						2020						2019
Anticipated impact over the next twelve months on net interest revenue						$	27,973					$	(20,916)					N/A						$	(28,509)
						2.69		%				(1.89)		%				N/A						(2.57)		%

1 Repricing assumptions for non-maturity deposits were updated in the second quarter of 2020 to better represent observed historical performance.

2 The results of a decrease in the current low-rate environment in 2020 are not meaningful. The results of a 200 basis point decrease in interest rates in the low-rate environment in 2019 were not meaningful, therefore we reported the effect of a 100 basis point decrease.

BOK Financial is also subjected to market risk through changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. Changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights are highly dependent on changes in primary mortgage rates offered to borrowers, intermediate-term interest rates that affect the value of custodial funds, and assumptions about servicing revenues, servicing costs and discount rates. As primary mortgage rates increase, prepayment speeds slow and the value of our mortgage servicing rights increases. As primary mortgage rates fall, prepayment speeds increase and the value of our mortgage servicing rights decreases.

We maintain a portfolio of financial instruments, which may include debt securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies and interest rate derivative contracts, held as an economic hedge of the changes in the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights. Composition of this portfolio will change based on our assessment of market risk. Changes in the fair value of residential mortgage-backed securities are highly dependent on changes in secondary mortgage rates required by investors, and interest rate derivative contracts are highly dependent on changes in other market interest rates. While primary and secondary mortgage rates generally move in the same direction, the spread between them may widen and narrow due to market conditions and government intervention. Changes in the forward-looking spread between the primary and secondary rates can cause significant earnings volatility.

Management performs a stress test to measure market risk due to changes in interest rates inherent in its MSR portfolio and hedges. The stress test shocks applicable interest rates up and down 50 basis points and calculates an estimated change in fair value, net of economic hedging activity, that may result. The Board has approved a $20 million market risk limit for mortgage servicing rights, net of economic hedges.

Table 25 -- MSR Asset and Hedge Sensitivity Analysis

(Dollars in thousands)

						September 30,
						2020												2019
						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp
MSR Asset						$	26,917					$	(11,991)					$	33,176					$	(42,387)
MSR Hedge						(18,361)						17,534						(41,744)						39,600
Net Exposure						8,556						5,543						(8,568)						(2,787)

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Trading Activities

The Company bears market risk by originating residential mortgages held for sale ("RMHFS"). RMHFS are generally outstanding for 60 to 90 days, which represents the typical period from commitment to originate a loan to sale of the closed loan to an investor. Primary mortgage interest rate changes during this period affect the value of RMHFS commitments and loans. We use forward sale contracts to mitigate market risk on all closed mortgage loans held for sale and on an estimate of mortgage loan commitments that are expected to result in closed loans.

A variety of methods are used to monitor market risk of mortgage origination activities. These methods include daily marking of all positions to market value, independent verification of inventory pricing, and revenue sensitivity limits.

Management performs a stress test to measure market risk due to changes in interest rates inherent in the mortgage production pipeline. The stress test shocks applicable interest rates up and down 50 basis points and calculates an estimated change in fair value, net of economic hedging activity that may result. The Board has approved a $7 million market risk limit for the mortgage production pipeline, net of forward sale contracts.

Table 26 -- Mortgage Pipeline Sensitivity Analysis

(Dollars in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,																								Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2020												2019												2020												2019
						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp
Average1						$	(407)					$	(696)					$	(84)					$	(171)					$	(339)					$	(308)					$	(97)					$	(382)
Low2						344						314						528						293						582						998						528						330
High3						(1,044)						(1,160)						(411)						(478)						(1,344)						(1,483)						(664)						(1,343)
Period End						(543)						(705)						25						(164)						(543)						(705)						25						(164)

1    Average represents the simple average of each daily value observed during the reporting period.

2    Low represents least risk of loss in fair value measured as the smallest negative value or the largest positive value observed daily during the reporting period.

3    High represents the greatest risk of loss in fair value measured as the largest negative value or the smallest positive value observed daily during the reporting period.

BOK Financial engages in trading activities both as an intermediary for customers and for its own account. As an intermediary, we take positions in securities, generally U.S. government agency residential mortgage-backed securities, government agency securities and municipal bonds. These securities are purchased for resale to customers, which include individuals, corporations, foundations and financial institutions. On a limited basis, we may also take trading positions in U.S. Treasury securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, and municipal bonds to enhance returns on securities portfolios. Both of these activities involve interest rate, liquidity and price risk. BOK Financial has an insignificant exposure to foreign exchange risk and does not take positions in commodity derivatives.

A variety of methods are used to monitor the interest rate risk of trading activities. These methods include daily marking of all positions to market value, independent verification of inventory pricing, and position limits for each trading activity. Economic hedges in either the futures or cash markets may be used to reduce the risk associated with some trading programs.

Management performs a stress test to measure market risk from changes in interest rates on its trading portfolio. The stress test shocks applicable interest rates up and down 50 basis points and calculates an estimated change in fair value, net of economic hedging activity that may result. The Board has approved an $11 million market risk limit for the trading portfolio, net of economic hedges.

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Table 27 -- Trading Sensitivity Analysis

(Dollars in thousands)

						Three Months Ended September 30,																								Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2020												2019												2020												2019
						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp						Up 50 bp						Down 50 bp
Average1						$	(178)					$	1,461					$	(1,244)					$	1,361					$	(2,280)					$	3,965					$	(1,800)					$	1,820
Low2						7,893						8,762						2,939						3,065						7,893						15,309						2,939						5,378
High3						(7,371)						(4,058)						(3,359)						(4,747)						(12,490)						(4,058)						(5,153)						(4,747)
Period End						(5,837)						5,698						(1,719)						1,371						(5,837)						5,698						(1,719)						1,371

1    Average represents the simple average of each daily value observed during the reporting period.

2    Low represents least risk of loss in fair value measured as the smallest negative value or the largest positive value observed daily during the reporting period.

3    High represents the greatest risk of loss in fair value measured as the largest negative value or the smallest positive value observed daily during the reporting period.

We have a significant number of loans, derivative contracts, borrowings and other financial instruments with attributes that are either directly or indirectly dependent on LIBOR. In 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority announced that it would no longer persuade or compel banks to submit to LIBOR after 2021. U.S. regulatory authorities have voiced similar support for phasing out LIBOR. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Alternative Reference Rate Committee has recommended the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as an alternative for LIBOR. However, for two key reasons, SOFR is a secured rate while LIBOR is an unsecured rate and SOFR is an overnight rate while LIBOR is published for different maturities, SOFR is not the economic equivalent of LIBOR. The impact of SOFR or other alternatives to LIBOR on the valuations, pricing and operation of our financial instruments is not yet known.

Management has established a LIBOR Transition Working Group (the “Group”) whose purpose is to guide the overall transition process for the company. The Group is an internal, cross-functional team with representatives from all business lines, support and control functions and legal counsel. Key loan provisions have been modified to ensure that new and renewed loans include appropriate LIBOR fallback language to ensure the smoothest possible transition from LIBOR to the new benchmark when such transition occurs. All direct exposures resulting from existing financial contracts that mature after 2021 have been inventoried and are monitored on an ongoing basis. Remediation of these exposures will be consistent with industry timing. The Group has also inventoried indirect LIBOR exposures within the Company's systems, models and processes. The results of this assessment will drive development and prioritization of remediation plans.

Controls and Procedures

 

As required by Rule 13a-15(b), BOK Financial’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation as of the end of the period covered by their report, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. As required by Rule 13a-15(d), BOK Financial’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, also conducted an evaluation of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the quarter covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, there has been no such change during the quarter covered by this report.

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Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that are based on management's beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, estimates and projections about BOK Financial Corporation, the financial services industry, the economy generally and the expected or potential impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and the related responses of the government, consumers, and others, on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “plans,” “projects,” “will,” “intends,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Management judgments relating to and discussion of the provision and allowance for credit losses, allowance for uncertain tax positions, accruals for loss contingencies and valuation of mortgage servicing rights involve judgments as to expected events and are inherently forward-looking statements. Assessments that acquisitions and growth endeavors will be profitable are necessary statements of belief as to the outcome of future events based in part on information provided by others which BOK Financial has not independently verified. These various forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions which are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence. Therefore, actual results and outcomes may materially differ from what is expected, implied or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. Internal and external factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to changes in government, consumer or business responses to, and ability to treat or prevent further outbreak of, the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in commodity prices, interest rates and interest rate relationships, inflation, demand for products and services, the degree of competition by traditional and nontraditional competitors, changes in banking regulations, tax laws, prices, levies and assessments, the impact of technological advances, and trends in customer behavior as well as their ability to repay loans. BOK Financial and its affiliates undertake no obligation to update, amend or clarify forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Annualized, pro forma, projected and estimated numbers are used for illustrative purpose only, are not forecasts and may not reflect actual results.

In this report we may sometimes use non-GAAP financial measures. Please note that although non-GAAP financial measures provide useful insight to analysts, investors and regulators, they should not be considered in isolation or relied upon as a substitute for analysis using GAAP measures. If applicable, we provide GAAP reconciliations for non-GAAP financial measures.

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Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)						Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
						September 30,												September 30,
Interest revenue						2020						2019						2020						2019
Loans						$	215,977					$	286,694					$	674,633					$	859,898
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						1,585						1,891						4,848						5,308
Trading securities						8,723						14,452						31,890						48,645
Investment securities						2,939						3,221						9,060						10,160
Available for sale securities						62,369						67,633						200,386						184,344
Fair value option securities						1,986						10,708						17,804						23,448
Restricted equity securities						913						7,558						8,687						20,419
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents						167						3,050						2,672						9,879
Total interest revenue						294,659						395,207						949,980						1,162,101
Interest expense
Deposits						14,658						46,917						78,562						127,517
Borrowed funds						4,856						65,381						49,637						180,595
Subordinated debentures						3,395						3,813						10,567						11,359
Total interest expense						22,909						116,111						138,766						319,471
Net interest revenue						271,750						279,096						811,214						842,630
Provision for credit losses						—						12,000						229,092						25,000
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses						271,750						267,096						582,122						817,630
Other operating revenue
Brokerage and trading revenue						69,526						43,840						182,327						115,983
Transaction card revenue						23,465						22,015						68,286						64,668
Fiduciary and asset management revenue						39,931						43,621						125,646						132,004
Deposit service charges and fees						24,286						28,837						72,462						85,154
Mortgage banking revenue						51,959						30,180						143,062						82,145
Other revenue						13,698						17,626						37,486						42,825
Total fees and commissions						222,865						186,119						629,269						522,779
Other gains, net						6,265						4,544						2,292						11,000
Gain on derivatives, net						2,354						3,778						42,659						19,595
Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net						(754)						4,597						53,180						24,115
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						3,441						(12,593)						(85,800)						(62,814)
Gain (loss) on available for sale securities, net						(12)						5						5,571						1,110
Total other operating revenue						234,159						186,450						647,171						515,785
Other operating expense
Personnel						179,860						162,573						512,276						492,143
Business promotion						2,633						8,859						10,783						26,875
Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation						—						—						3,000						1,000
Professional fees and services						14,074						12,312						39,183						41,453
Net occupancy and equipment						28,111						27,558						84,847						83,959
Insurance						5,848						4,220						15,984						15,513
Data processing and communications						34,751						31,915						100,436						93,099
Printing, postage and supplies						3,482						3,825						11,256						12,817
Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets						6,244						1,728						9,541						4,304
Amortization of intangible assets						5,071						5,064						15,355						15,393
Mortgage banking costs						15,803						14,975						41,946						36,426
Other expense						5,388						6,263						20,669						20,604
Total other operating expense						301,265						279,292						865,276						843,586
Net income before taxes						204,644						174,254						364,017						489,829
Federal and state income taxes						50,552						32,396						83,655						99,926
Net income						154,092						141,858						280,362						389,903
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests						58						(373)						(444)						(503)
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corporation shareholders						$	154,034					$	142,231					$	280,806					$	390,406
Earnings per share:
Basic						$	2.19					$	2.00					$	3.99					$	5.47
Diluted						$	2.19					$	2.00					$	3.99					$	5.47
Average shares used in computation:
Basic						69,877,866						70,596,307						69,958,944						70,953,544
Diluted						69,879,290						70,609,924						69,962,053						70,968,845
Dividends declared per share						$	0.51					$	0.50					$	1.53					$	1.50

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
						Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
						September 30,												September 30,
						2020						2019						2020						2019
Net income						$	154,092					$	141,858					$	280,362					$	389,903
Other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes:
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)						(6,783)						46,285						347,985						274,441
Reclassification adjustments included in earnings:
Loss (gain) on available for sale securities, net						12						(5)						(5,571)						(1,110)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes						(6,771)						46,280						342,414						273,331
Federal and state income taxes						(1,625)						11,096						82,167						66,993
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes						(5,146)						35,184						260,247						206,338
Comprehensive income						148,946						177,042						540,609						596,241
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests						58						(373)						(444)						(503)
Comprehensive income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders						$	148,888					$	177,415					$	541,053					$	596,744

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share data)

						Sept. 30, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019
						(Unaudited)						(Footnote 1)
Assets
Cash and due from banks						$	658,612					$	735,836
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents						347,759						522,985
Trading securities						2,245,480						1,623,921
Investment securities, net of allowance (fair value: September 30, 2020 – $284,929; December 31, 2019 – $314,402)						256,001						293,418
Available for sale securities						12,817,269						11,269,643
Fair value option securities						134,756						1,098,577
Restricted equity securities						111,656						460,552
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						295,290						182,271
Loans						23,803,300						21,750,987
Allowance for loan losses						(419,777)						(210,759)
Loans, net of allowance						23,383,523						21,540,228
Premises and equipment, net						542,625						535,519
Receivables						245,514						231,811
Goodwill						1,048,091						1,048,091
Intangible assets, net						118,524						125,271
Mortgage servicing rights						97,644						201,886
Real estate and other repossessed assets, net of allowance (September 30, 2020 – $14,910; December 31, 2019 –          $11,013)						52,847						20,359
Derivative contracts, net						593,568						323,375
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance						396,497						389,879
Receivable on unsettled securities sales						1,934,495						1,020,404
Other assets						787,073						547,995
Total assets						$	46,067,224					$	42,172,021
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits						$	12,047,338					$	9,461,291
Interest-bearing deposits:
Transaction						20,196,740						15,391,752
Savings						720,949						550,276
Time						2,007,973						2,217,849
Total deposits						34,973,000						27,621,168
Funds purchased and repurchase agreements						973,652						3,818,350
Other borrowings						2,771,429						4,527,055
Subordinated debentures						275,986						275,923
Accrued interest, taxes and expense						335,914						259,701
Derivative contracts, net						446,328						251,128
Due on unsettled securities purchases						641,817						182,547
Other liabilities						422,989						372,230
Total liabilities						40,841,115						37,308,102
Shareholders' equity:
Common stock ($0.00006 par value; 2,500,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: September 30,          2020 – 75,998,338; December 31, 2019 – 75,758,597)						5						5
Capital surplus						1,366,460						1,350,995
Retained earnings						3,856,046						3,729,778
Treasury stock (shares at cost: September 30, 2020 – 5,692,505; December 31, 2019 – 5,178,999)						(368,894)						(329,906)
Accumulated other comprehensive gain						365,170						104,923
Total shareholders’ equity						5,218,787						4,855,795
Non-controlling interests						7,322						8,124
Total equity						5,226,109						4,863,919
Total liabilities and equity						$	46,067,224					$	42,172,021

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

(In thousands)

						Common Stock												Capital Surplus						Retained Earnings						Treasury Stock												Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)						Total Shareholders’ Equity						Non- Controlling Interests						Total Equity
						Shares						Amount																		Shares						Amount
Balance, June 30, 2020						75,999						$	5					$	1,357,706					$	3,737,862					5,693						$	(368,894)					$	370,316					$	5,096,995					$	7,428					$	5,104,423
Net income						—						—						—						154,034						—						—						—						154,034						58						154,092
Other comprehensive loss						—						—						—						—						—						—						(5,146)						(5,146)						—						(5,146)
Repurchase of common stock						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Share-based compensation plans:
Stock options exercised						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Non-vested shares awarded, net						(1)						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Vesting of non-vested shares						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Share-based compensation						—						—						8,754						—						—						—						—						8,754						—						8,754
Cash dividends on common stock						—						—						—						(35,850)						—						—						—						(35,850)						—						(35,850)
Capital calls and distributions, net						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(164)						(164)
Balance, September 30, 2020						75,998						$	5					$	1,366,460					$	3,856,046					5,693						$	(368,894)					$	365,170					$	5,218,787					$	7,322					$	5,226,109
Balance, December 31, 2019						75,759						$	5					$	1,350,995					$	3,729,778					5,179						$	(329,906)					$	104,923					$	4,855,795					$	8,124					$	4,863,919
Transition adjustment - CECL						—						—						—						(46,696)						—						—						—						(46,696)						—						(46,696)
Balance, January 1, 2020, Adjusted						75,759						5						1,350,995						3,683,082						5,179						(329,906)						104,923						4,809,099						8,124						4,817,223
Net income (loss)						—						—						—						280,806						—						—						—						280,806						(444)						280,362
Other comprehensive income						—						—						—						—						—						—						260,247						260,247						—						260,247
Repurchase of common stock						—						—						—						—						442						(33,380)						—						(33,380)						—						(33,380)
Share-based compensation plans:
Stock options exercised						10						—						586						—						—						—						—						586						—						586
Non-vested shares awarded, net						229						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Vesting of non-vested shares						—						—						—						—						72						(5,608)						—						(5,608)						—						(5,608)
Share-based compensation						—						—						14,879						—						—						—						—						14,879						—						14,879
Cash dividends on common stock						—						—						—						(107,842)						—						—						—						(107,842)						—						(107,842)
Capital calls and distributions, net						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(358)						(358)
Balance, September 30, 2020						75,998						$	5					$	1,366,460					$	3,856,046					5,693						$	(368,894)					$	365,170					$	5,218,787					$	7,322					$	5,226,109

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						Common Stock												Capital Surplus						Retained Earnings						Treasury Stock												Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)						Total Shareholders’ Equity						Non- Controlling Interests						Total Equity
						Shares						Amount																		Shares						Amount
Balance, June 30, 2019						75,756						$	5					$	1,343,082					$	3,548,907					4,562						$	(281,125)					$	98,569					$	4,709,438					$	9,037					$	4,718,475
Net income (loss)						—						—						—						142,231						—						—						—						142,231						(373)						141,858
Other comprehensive income						—						—						—						—						—						—						35,184						35,184						—						35,184
Repurchase of common stock						—						—						—						—						337						(25,937)						—						(25,937)						—						(25,937)
Share-based compensation plans:
Stock options exercised						3						—						177						—						—						—						—						177						—						177
Non-vested shares awarded, net						(2)						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Vesting of non-vested shares						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Share-based compensation						—						—						3,471						—						—						—						—						3,471						—						3,471
Cash dividends on common stock						—						—						—						(35,548)						—						—						—						(35,548)						—						(35,548)
Capital calls and distributions, net						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(15)						(15)
Balance, September 30, 2019						75,757						$	5					$	1,346,730					$	3,655,590					4,899						$	(307,062)					$	133,753					$	4,829,016					$	8,649					$	4,837,665
Balance, December 31, 2018						75,711						$	5					$	1,334,030					$	3,369,654					3,589						$	(198,995)					$	(72,585)					$	4,432,109					$	10,936					$	4,443,045
Transition adjustment - Leasing Standard						—						—						—						2,862						—						—						—						2,862						—						2,862
Balance, January 1, 2019, Adjusted						75,711						5						1,334,030						3,372,516						3,589						(198,995)						(72,585)						4,434,971						10,936						4,445,907
Net income (loss)						—						—						—						390,406						—						—						—						390,406						(503)						389,903
Other comprehensive income						—						—						—						—						—						—						206,338						206,338						—						206,338
Repurchase of common stock						—						—						—						—						1,292						(106,639)						—						(106,639)						—						(106,639)
Share-based compensation plans:
Stock options exercised						21						—						1,080						—						—						—						—						1,080						—						1,080
Non-vested shares awarded, net						25						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Vesting of non-vested shares						—						—						—						—						18						(1,428)						—						(1,428)						—						(1,428)
Share-based compensation						—						—						11,620						—						—						—						—						11,620						—						11,620
Cash dividends on common stock						—						—						—						(107,332)						—						—						—						(107,332)						—						(107,332)
Capital calls and distributions, net						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						(1,784)						(1,784)
Balance, September 30, 2019						75,757						$	5					$	1,346,730					$	3,655,590					4,899						$	(307,062)					$	133,753					$	4,829,016					$	8,649					$	4,837,665

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

						Nine Months Ended
						September 30,
						2020						2019
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net income						$	280,362					$	389,903
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Provision for credit losses						229,092						25,000
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights due to market assumption changes						85,800						62,814
Change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights due to principal payments						28,971						27,600
Net unrealized (gains) losses from derivative contracts						(51,323)						(25,306)
Share-based compensation						14,879						11,620
Depreciation and amortization						74,330						69,762
Net amortization of discounts and premiums						1,921						(16,648)
Net losses (gains) on financial instruments and other losses (gains), net						(4,216)						(2,656)
Net gain on mortgage loans held for sale						(77,039)						(25,803)
Mortgage loans originated for sale						(2,773,686)						(2,170,287)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale						2,757,412						2,070,572
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights						(21,330)						(24,821)
Change in trading and fair value option securities						338,992						(1,251,759)
Change in receivables						(936,428)						(613,872)
Change in other assets						(8,574)						12,981
Change in accrued interest, taxes and expense						8,678						(15,600)
Change in other liabilities						412,686						419,982
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities						360,527						(1,056,518)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Proceeds from maturities or redemptions of investment securities						35,967						49,621
Proceeds from maturities or redemptions of available for sale securities						1,813,057						1,267,190
Purchases of available for sale securities						(3,238,556)						(3,802,635)
Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities						206,979						628,385
Change in amount receivable on unsettled available for sale securities transactions						3,988						29,010
Loans originated, net of principal collected						(1,894,663)						(590,196)
Net payments on derivative asset contracts						(96,109)						40,922
Proceeds from disposition of assets						1,302,013						127,476
Purchases of assets						(1,007,240)						(308,630)
Net cash used in investing activities						(2,874,564)						(2,558,857)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Net change in demand deposits, transaction deposits and savings accounts						7,561,708						773,152
Net change in time deposits						(209,876)						129,980
Net change in other borrowed funds						(4,839,524)						3,027,298
Net proceeds on derivative liability contracts						102,064						(43,932)
Net change in derivative margin accounts						(260,949)						(85,468)
Change in amount due on unsettled available for sale securities transactions						54,408						111,828
Issuance of common and treasury stock, net						(5,022)						(348)
Repurchase of common stock						(33,380)						(106,639)
Dividends paid						(107,842)						(107,332)
Net cash provided by financing activities						2,261,587						3,698,539
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents						(252,450)						83,164
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period						1,258,821						1,143,424
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period						$	1,006,371					$	1,226,588
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for interest						$	138,877					$	316,481
Cash paid for taxes						$	91,977					$	77,912
Net loans and bank premises transferred to repossessed real estate and other assets						$	42,099					$	8,489
Residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies that became eligible for repurchase during the period						$	239,200					$	65,286
Conveyance of other real estate owned guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						$	9,165					$	22,449
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities						$	9,481					$	58,766

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(1) Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of BOK Financial Corporation (“BOK Financial” or “the Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles for interim financial information generally accepted in the United States and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include accounts of BOK Financial and its subsidiaries, principally BOKF, NA (“the Bank”), BOK Financial Securities, Inc., and BOK Financial Private Wealth, Inc. Operating divisions of the Bank include Bank of Albuquerque, Bank of Oklahoma, Bank of Texas, BOK Financial in Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado and Kansas/Missouri, BOK Financial Mortgage and the TransFund electronic funds network.

Certain reclassifications have been made to conform to the current period presentation.

The financial information should be read in conjunction with BOK Financial’s 2019 Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which contains audited financial statements. Amounts presented as of December 31, 2019 have been derived from the audited financial statements included in BOK Financial’s 2019 Form 10-K but do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. Operating results for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020.

Newly Adopted and Pending Accounting Policies

Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Assets Measured at Amortized Cost ("ASU 2016-13" or "CECL")

On June 16, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 to provide more timely recording of credit losses on loans and other financial assets measured at amortized cost. The Company adopted the new standard January 1, 2020, through a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings. Prior periods were not restated.

Under ASU 2016-13, acquired loans must be reserved in a manner consistent with originated loans while the incurred loss model excluded purchased loans because the loans had been marked to fair value at acquisition. Under ASU 2016-13, the fair value discount will remain in place and be accreted into interest income over the life of any acquired loans in the portfolio.

Another transition adjustment component is related to expected credit losses for residential mortgage loans sold that exceed amounts guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs as we retain the credit risk for any amounts exceeding the guarantee as well as for recourse loans.

Prior to ASU 2016-13, held-to-maturity non-agency securities carried no reserve for credit losses.

Note 4 disaggregates the transition adjustment for loans and unfunded loan commitments among portfolio segments as well as on-and off-balance sheet reserves.

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FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements ("ASU 2019-01")

On March 5, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-01 which amends certain aspects of leasing standard ASU 2016-02. ASU 2019-01 provides guidance for determining the fair value of the underlying asset by lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers. The ASU also requires depository and lending lessors within the scope of ASC 942 to classify principal payments received from sales-type and direct financing leases within "investing activities" on the statement of cash flows. For the two issues above, the ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods therein; however early adoption is permitted. Additionally, ASU 2019-01 also clarifies interim disclosure requirements during transition and is effective with the original transition requirements in Topic 842. The Company adopted ASU 2019-01 in the first quarter of 2020. Adoption of ASU 2019-01 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments ("ASU 2019-04")

On April 25, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04 which clarifies certain aspects of the accounting for credit losses, hedging activities, and financial instruments addressed by ASUs 2016-13, 2017-12, and 2016-01, respectively. Significant amendments made to the provisions of ASU 2016-13 by ASU 2019-04 include providing certain alternatives for the measurement of the allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable and clarifying steps entities should take when recording the transfer of loans or debt securities between measurement classification or categories. ASU 2019-04 further clarifies the expectation that entities include recoveries of financial assets in the calculation of the current expected credit losses allowance for both pools of financial assets and individual financial assets. Significant amendments made to the provisions of ASU 2017-12 by ASU 2019-04 include clarification on partial-term fair value hedges of interest rate risk, amortization of fair value hedge basis adjustments and disclosure of fair value hedge basis adjustments. Significant amendments made to provisions of ASU 2016-01 include clarification of the measurement alternative practice for equity securities and remeasurement of equity securities at historical exchange rates. ASU 2019-04 includes other amendments which clarify various provisions within the codification. The Company adopted ASU 2019-04 in the first quarter of 2020. Adoption of ASU 2019-04 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief ("ASU 2019-05")

On May 15, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 which provides transition relief for entities adopting the Board's credit losses standard, ASU 2016-13. ASU 2019-05 amends ASU 2016-13 to allow companies to irrevocably elect, upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the fair value option for financial instruments that meet specific requirements and is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company did not elect the fair value option for additional financial instruments.

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326: Financial Instruments-Credit Losses ("ASU 2019-11")

On November 27, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11 which revises certain aspects of new guidance on credit losses. Topics addressed include purchased credit-deteriorated assets, transition relief for troubled debt restructurings, disclosure relief for accrued interest receivable, and financial assets secured by collateral maintenance provisions. ASU 2019-11 is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted ASU 2019-11 in the first quarter of 2020. Adoption of ASU 2019-11 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12")

On December 18, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The ASU also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. ASU 2019-12 is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within; however, early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 in the first quarter of 2020. Adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

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(2) Securities

Trading Securities

 

The fair value and net unrealized gain (loss) included in trading securities are as follows (in thousands):

 

						September 30, 2020												December 31, 2019
						Fair Value						Net Unrealized Gain (Loss)						Fair Value						Net Unrealized Gain (Loss)
U.S. government agency debentures						$	5,181					$	(1)					$	44,264					$	6
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						2,150,759						(693)						1,504,651						2,293
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						30,533						(44)						26,196						60
Asset-backed securities						—						—						14,084						(21)
Other debt securities						59,007						61						34,726						21
Total trading securities						$	2,245,480					$	(677)					$	1,623,921					$	2,359

Investment Securities

 

The amortized cost and fair values of investment securities are as follows (in thousands):

						September 30, 2020
						Amortized						Fair						Gross Unrealized
						Cost						Value						Gain						Loss
Municipal and other tax-exempt						$	76,109					$	80,368					$	4,259					$	—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						9,317						10,219						902						—
Other debt securities						171,314						194,342						23,227						(199)
Total investment securities						256,740						284,929						28,388						(199)
Allowance for credit losses1						(739)
Investment securities, net of allowance						256,001						284,929						28,388						(199)

1 Effective with the adoption of FASB ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) on January 1, 2020.

						December 31, 2019
						Amortized						Fair						Gross Unrealized
						Cost						Value						Gain						Loss
Municipal and other tax-exempt						$	93,653					$	96,897					$	3,250					$	(6)
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						10,676						11,164						488						—
Other debt securities						189,089						206,341						17,547						(295)
Total investment securities						$	293,418					$	314,402					$	21,285					$	(301)

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The amortized cost and fair values of investment securities at September 30, 2020, by contractual maturity, are as shown in the following table (dollars in thousands):

						Less than One Year						One to Five Years						Six to Ten Years						Over Ten Years						Total						Weighted Average Maturity1
Fixed maturity debt securities:
Amortized cost						$	30,455					$	87,606					$	120,073					$	9,289					$	247,423					4.94
Fair value						30,761						95,912						138,580						9,457						274,710
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
Amortized cost																														$	9,317					2
Fair value																														10,219
Total investment securities:
Amortized cost																														$	256,740
Fair value																														284,929

1Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities, because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalty.

2The average expected lives of residential mortgage-backed securities were 4.58 years based upon current prepayment assumptions.

Temporarily Impaired Investment Securities

(in thousands):

						September 30, 2020
						Number of Securities						Less Than 12 Months												12 Months or Longer												Total
												Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
Investment:
Other debt securities						8						3,026						68						2,043						131						5,069						199
Total investment securities						8						$	3,026					$	68					$	2,043					$	131					$	5,069					$	199

						December 31, 2019
						Number of Securities						Less Than 12 Months												12 Months or Longer												Total
												Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
Investment:
Municipal and other tax-exempt						4						$	1,001					$	1					$	1,706					$	5					$	2,707					$	6
Other debt securities						13						275						1						8,041						294						8,316						295
Total investment securities						17						$	1,276					$	2					$	9,747					$	299					$	11,023					$	301

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Available for Sale Securities 

The amortized cost and fair value of available for sale securities are as follows (in thousands):

						September 30, 2020
						Amortized						Fair						Gross Unrealized
						Cost						Value						Gain						Loss
U.S. Treasury						$	500					$	509					$	9					$	—
Municipal and other tax-exempt						50,050						51,601						1,648						(97)
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential agency						9,033,728						9,384,998						354,669						(3,399)
Residential non-agency						19,954						34,873						14,919						—
Commercial agency						3,221,538						3,334,409						114,244						(1,373)
Other debt securities						10,936						10,879						—						(57)
Total available for sale securities						$	12,336,706					$	12,817,269					$	485,489					$	(4,926)

						December 31, 2019
						Amortized						Fair						Gross Unrealized
						Cost						Value						Gain						Loss
U.S. Treasury						$	1,598					$	1,600					$	2					$	—
Municipal and other tax-exempt						1,789						1,861						72						—
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential agency						7,956,297						8,046,096						104,912						(15,113)
Residential non-agency						25,968						41,609						15,641						—
Commercial agency						3,145,342						3,178,005						37,808						(5,145)
Other debt securities						500						472						—						(28)
Total available for sale securities						$	11,131,494					$	11,269,643					$	158,435					$	(20,286)

The amortized cost and fair values of available for sale securities at September 30, 2020, by contractual maturity, are as shown in the following table (dollars in thousands):

			Less than One Year						One to Five Years						Six to Ten Years						Over Ten Years						Total						Weighted Average Maturity1
Fixed maturity debt securities:
Amortized cost			$	70,791					$	1,326,715					$	1,282,122					$	603,396					$	3,283,024					8.02
Fair value			71,123						1,383,695						1,313,942						628,638						3,397,398
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
Amortized cost																											$	9,053,682					2
Fair value																											9,419,871
Total available-for-sale securities:
Amortized cost																											$	12,336,706
Fair value																											12,817,269

1Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalty.

2The average expected lives of residential mortgage-backed securities were 3.02 years based upon current prepayment assumptions.

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Sales of available for sale securities resulted in gains and losses as follows (in thousands):

			Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2020						2019						2020						2019
Proceeds			$	1,034					$	261,028					$	206,979					$	628,385
Gross realized gains			54						989						5,637						7,316
Gross realized losses			(66)						(984)						(66)						(6,206)
Related federal and state income tax expense (benefit)			(3)						1						1,419						282

The fair value of debt securities pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements, public trust funds on deposit and for other purposes, as required by law was $12.5 billion at September 30, 2020 and $10.1 billion at December 31, 2019. The secured parties do not have the right to sell or repledge these securities.

Temporarily Impaired Available for Sale Securities

(in thousands)

						September 30, 2020
						Number of Securities						Less Than 12 Months												12 Months or Longer												Total
												Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
Available for sale:
Municipal and other tax-exempt						11						$	19,768					$	97					$	—					$	—					$	19,768					$	97
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential agency						32						630,460						3,178						165,726						221						796,186						3,399
Commercial agency						29						264,836						923						253,378						450						518,214						1,373
Other debt securities						5						10,407						29						472						28						10,879						57
Total available for sale securities						77						$	925,471					$	4,227					$	419,576					$	699					$	1,345,047					$	4,926

						December 31, 2019
						Number of Securities						Less Than 12 Months												12 Months or Longer												Total
												Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
Available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential agency						133						$	1,352,597					$	6,690					$	686,002					$	8,423					$	2,038,599					$	15,113
Commercial agency						69						830,047						4,238						210,877						907						1,040,924						5,145
Other debt securities						1						—						—						472						28						472						28
Total available for sale securities						203						$	2,182,644					$	10,928					$	897,351					$	9,358					$	3,079,995					$	20,286

Based on evaluations of impaired securities as of September 30, 2020, the Company does not intend to sell any impaired available for sale debt securities before fair value recovers to the current amortized cost and it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will not be required to sell impaired securities before fair value recovers, which may be maturity.

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Fair Value Option Securities

 

Fair value option securities represent securities which the Company has elected to carry at fair value and are separately identified on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the fair value are recognized in earnings as they occur. Certain securities are held as an economic hedge of the mortgage servicing rights. 

The fair value and net unrealized gain (loss) included in fair value option securities is as follows (in thousands):

						September 30, 2020												December 31, 2019
						Fair Value						Net Unrealized Gain (Loss)						Fair Value						Net Unrealized Gain (Loss)
U.S. Treasury						$	—					$	—					$	9,917					$	(48)
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						134,756						4,926						1,088,660						14,109
Total						$	134,756					$	4,926					$	1,098,577					$	14,061

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(3) Derivatives

 

Derivative instruments may be used by the Company as part of its internal risk management programs or may be offered to customers. All derivative instruments are carried at fair value and changes in fair value are reported in earnings as they occur. Credit risk is also considered in determining fair value. Deterioration in the credit rating of customer or other counterparties reduced the fair value of asset contracts. Deterioration of our credit rating could decrease the fair value of our derivative liabilities.

When bilateral netting agreements or similar arrangements exist between the Company and its counterparties that create a single legal claim or obligation to pay or receive the net amount in settlement of the individual derivative contracts, the Company reports derivative assets and liabilities on a net by derivative contract type by counterparty basis.

Derivative contracts may require the Company to provide or receive cash margin as collateral for derivative assets and liabilities. Derivative assets and liabilities are reported net of cash margin when certain conditions are met. In addition, derivative contracts executed with customers under Customer Risk Management Programs may be secured by non-cash collateral in conjunction with a credit agreement with that customer. Access to collateral in the event of default is reasonably assured.

 

None of these derivative contracts have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes.

Customer Risk Management Programs

 

BOK Financial offers programs to permit its customers to manage various risks, including fluctuations in energy, cattle and other agricultural products, interest rates and foreign exchange rates with derivative contracts. Customers may also manage interest rate risk through interest rate swaps used by borrowers to modify interest rate terms of their loans. Derivative contracts are executed between the customers and BOK Financial. Offsetting contracts are executed between BOK Financial and other selected counterparties to minimize the risk of changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates. The counterparty contracts are identical to customer contracts, except for a fixed pricing spread or fee paid to BOK Financial as profit and compensation for administrative costs and credit risk which is recognized over the life of the contracts and included in Other operating revenue – Brokerage and trading revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

 

Trading

BOK Financial may offer derivative instruments such as to-be-announced securities to mortgage banking customers to enable them to manage their market risk or to mitigate the Company's market risk of holding trading securities. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments for trading purposes or used to mitigate the market risk of holding trading securities are included in Other operating revenue – Brokerage and trading revenue.

Internal Risk Management Programs

 

BOK Financial may use derivative contracts in managing its interest rate sensitivity, as part of its economic hedge of the change in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments used in managing interest rate sensitivity and as part of the economic hedge of changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights are included in Other operating revenue – Gain (loss) on derivatives, net in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

As discussed in Note 5, certain derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to mortgage loan commitments and forward sales contracts are included in Residential mortgage loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 5 for additional discussion of notional, fair value and impact on earnings of these contracts.

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The following table summarizes the fair values of derivative contracts recorded as “derivative contracts” assets and liabilities in the balance sheet at September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

						Assets
						Notional1						Gross Fair Value						Netting Adjustments						Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral						Cash Collateral						Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral
Customer risk management programs:
Interest rate contracts						3,179,414						132,320						(107)						132,213						—						132,213
Energy contracts						3,482,226						400,646						(229,433)						171,213						(92,170)						79,043
Agricultural contracts						13,611						1,870						—						1,870						—						1,870
Foreign exchange contracts						311,626						309,130						—						309,130						(400)						308,730
Equity option contracts						73,447						937						—						937						(219)						718
Total customer risk management programs						7,060,324						844,903						(229,540)						615,363						(92,789)						522,574
Trading						65,290,962						235,176						(173,680)						61,496						(3,824)						57,672
Internal risk management programs						734,142						19,357						(6,035)						13,322						—						13,322
Total derivative contracts						$	73,085,428					$	1,099,436					$	(409,255)					$	690,181					$	(96,613)					$	593,568
						Liabilities
						Notional1						Gross Fair Value						Netting Adjustments						Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral						Cash Collateral						Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral
Customer risk management programs:
Interest rate contracts						3,179,414						132,689						(107)						132,582						(121,212)						11,370
Energy contracts						3,277,670						374,542						(229,433)						145,109						(37,276)						107,833
Agricultural contracts						13,627						1,856						—						1,856						(1,856)						—
Foreign exchange contracts						311,098						308,493						—						308,493						—						308,493
Equity option contracts						73,447						937						—						937						—						937
Total customer risk management programs						6,855,256						818,517						(229,540)						588,977						(160,344)						428,633
Trading						64,972,263						229,013						(173,680)						55,333						(38,999)						16,334
Internal risk management programs						559,452						7,655						(6,035)						1,620						(259)						1,361
Total derivative contracts						$	72,386,971					$	1,055,185					$	(409,255)					$	645,930					$	(199,602)					$	446,328

1    Notional amounts for commodity contracts are converted into dollar-equivalent amounts based on dollar prices at the inception of the contract.

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The following table summarizes the fair values of derivative contracts recorded as “derivative contracts” assets and liabilities in the balance sheet at December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

						Assets
						Notional 1						Gross Fair Value						Netting Adjustments						Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral						Cash Collateral						Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral
Customer risk management programs:
Interest rate contracts						2,464,478						49,100						(1,839)						47,261						—						47,261
Energy contracts						2,151,096						144,906						(107,591)						37,315						(38)						37,277
Agricultural contracts						16,118						1,522						(22)						1,500						—						1,500
Foreign exchange contracts						214,119						213,007						—						213,007						—						213,007
Equity option contracts						81,455						3,233						—						3,233						(660)						2,573
Total customer risk management programs						4,927,266						411,768						(109,452)						302,316						(698)						301,618
Trading						69,721,932						131,561						(115,949)						15,612						—						15,612
Internal risk management programs						1,268,180						6,226						(81)						6,145						—						6,145
Total derivative contracts						$	75,917,378					$	549,555					$	(225,482)					$	324,073					$	(698)					$	323,375
						Liabilities
						Notional 1						Gross Fair Value						Netting Adjustments						Net Fair Value Before Cash Collateral						Cash Collateral						Fair Value Net of Cash Collateral
Customer risk management programs:
Interest rate contracts						2,464,478						49,194						(1,839)						47,355						(43,932)						3,423
Energy contracts						2,105,391						139,311						(107,591)						31,720						(6,031)						25,689
Agricultural contracts						16,139						1,507						(22)						1,485						(1,485)						—
Foreign exchange contracts						207,919						207,020						—						207,020						—						207,020
Equity option contracts						81,455						3,233						—						3,233						—						3,233
Total customer risk management programs						4,875,382						400,265						(109,452)						290,813						(51,448)						239,365
Trading						65,144,388						125,535						(115,949)						9,586						—						9,586
Internal risk management programs						380,401						3,121						(81)						3,040						(863)						2,177
Total derivative contracts						$	70,400,171					$	528,921					$	(225,482)					$	303,439					$	(52,311)					$	251,128

1    Notional amounts for commodity contracts are converted into dollar-equivalent amounts based on dollar prices at the inception of the contract.

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The following summarizes the pre-tax net gains (losses) on derivative instruments and where they are recorded in the income statement (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended
						September 30, 2020												September 30, 2019
						Brokerage and Trading Revenue						Gain (Loss) on Derivatives, Net						Brokerage and Trading Revenue						Gain (Loss)on Derivatives, Net
Customer risk management programs:
Interest rate contracts
To-be-announced residential mortgage-backed securities						$	—					$	—					$	1,667					$	—
Interest rate swaps						1,014						—						1,252						—
Energy contracts						7,460						—						1,611						—
Agricultural contracts						6						—						16						—
Foreign exchange contracts						162						—						138						—
Equity option contracts						—						—						—						—
Total customer risk management programs						8,642						—						4,684						—
Trading1						(468)						—						3,630						—
Internal risk management programs						—						2,354						—						3,778
Total derivative contracts						$	8,174					$	2,354					$	8,314					$	3,778

1    Represents changes in fair value of to-be-announced securities and other derivative instruments held to mitigate market risk of trading securities portfolio, which is offset by changes in fair value of trading securities also include in Brokerage and Trading Revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

						Nine Months Ended
						September 30, 2020												September 30, 2019
						Brokerage and Trading Revenue						Gain (Loss) on Derivatives, Net						Brokerage and Trading Revenue						Gain (Loss) on Derivatives, Net
Customer risk management programs:
Interest rate contracts
To-be-announced residential mortgage-backed securities						$	—					$	—					$	9,579					$	—
Interest rate swaps						2,702						—						2,787						—
Energy contracts						14,850						—						3,923						—
Agricultural contracts						27						—						24						—
Foreign exchange contracts						527						—						392						—
Equity option contracts						—						—						—						—
Total customer risk management programs						18,106						—						16,705						—
Trading1						(8,546)						—						4,365						—
Internal risk management programs						—						42,659						—						19,595
Total derivative contracts						$	9,560					$	42,659					$	21,070					$	19,595

1 Represents changes in fair value of to-be-announced securities and other derivative instruments held to mitigate market risk of trading securities portfolio, which is offset by changes in fair value of trading securities also include in Brokerage and Trading Revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

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(4) Loans and Allowances for Credit Losses

Loans

Loans are either secured or unsecured based on the type of loan and the financial condition of the borrower. Repayment is generally expected from cash flow or proceeds from the sale of selected assets of the borrower. BOK Financial is exposed to risk of loss on loans due to the borrower’s difficulties, which may arise from any number of factors, including problems within the respective industry or local economic conditions. Access to collateral, in the event of borrower default, is reasonably assured through adherence to applicable lending laws and through sound lending standards and credit review procedures. Accounting policies for all loans, excluding residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, are as follows.

Interest is accrued at the applicable interest rate on the principal amount outstanding. Loans are placed on nonaccruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal or interest is uncertain. Internally risk graded loans are individually evaluated for nonaccruing status quarterly. Non-risk graded loans are generally placed on nonaccruing status when more than 90 days past due or within 60 days of being notified of the borrower's bankruptcy filing. Interest previously accrued but not collected is charged against interest income when the loan is placed on nonaccruing status. Accrued but not paid interest receivable is included in Receivables in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Payments on nonaccruing loans are applied to principal or recognized as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the collectability of principal. Loans may be returned to accruing status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest, including principal previously charged off, is probable based on improvements in the borrower’s financial condition or a sustained period of performance.

For loans acquired with no evidence of credit deterioration, discounts are accreted on either an individual basis for loans with unique characteristics or on a pool basis for groups of homogeneous loans. Accretion is discontinued when a loan with an individually attributed discount is placed on nonaccruing status.

Loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties may be modified in troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). Primarily all TDRs are classified as nonaccruing, excluding loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Modifications generally consist of extension of payment terms or interest rate concessions and may result either voluntarily through negotiations with the borrower or involuntarily through court order. Generally, principal and accrued but unpaid interest is not voluntarily forgiven. In accordance with the guidance provided by the banking agencies on April 7, 2020 concerning loan modifications for customers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, short-term (six months or less) payment deferrals made in good faith to borrowers current prior to the relief are not considered TDRs.

Performing loans may be renewed under the current collateral value, debt service ratio and other underwriting standards. Nonaccruing loans may be renewed and will remain classified as nonaccruing. 

Occasionally, loans, other than residential mortgage loans, may be held for sale in order to manage credit concentration. These loans are carried at the lower of cost or fair value with gains or losses recognized in Other gains (losses), net in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

All loans are charged off when the loan balance or a portion of the loan balance is no longer supported by the paying capacity of the borrower or when the required cash flow is reduced in a TDR. The charge-off amount is determined through a quarterly evaluation of available cash resources and collateral value and charge-offs are taken in the quarter in which the loss is identified. Non-risk graded loans that are past due between 60 days and 180 days, based on the loan product type, are charged off. Loans to borrowers whose personal obligation has been discharged through Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceedings are charged off within 60 days of notice of the bankruptcy filing, regardless of payment status.

Loan origination and commitment fees and direct loan acquisition and origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to yield over the life of the loan or over the commitment period, as applicable. Amortization does not anticipate loan prepayments. Net unamortized fees are recognized in full at time of payoff.

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Qualifying residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies have been sold into GNMA pools. Under certain performance conditions specified in government programs, the Company may have the right, but not the obligation to repurchase loans from GNMA pools. These loans no longer qualify for sale accounting and are recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The carrying value of these loans is reduced based on an estimate of the expected cash flows discounted at the original note rate plus a liquidity spread. Guaranteed loans may be modified in TDRs in accordance with U.S. government agency guidelines. Interest continues to accrue based on the modified rate. Guaranteed loans may either be resold into GNMA pools after a performance period specified by the programs or foreclosed and conveyed to the guarantors.

Loans are disaggregated into portfolio segments and further disaggregated into classes. The portfolio segment is the level at which the Company develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. Classes are a further disaggregation of portfolio segments based on the risk characteristics of the loans and the Company’s method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. 

Portfolio segments of the loan portfolio are as follows (in thousands):

						September 30, 2020
						Fixed Rate						Variable Rate						Non-accrual						Total
Commercial						1,424,416						11,971,337						169,953						$	13,565,706
Commercial real estate						1,012,882						3,667,866						12,952						4,693,700
Paycheck protection program						2,097,325						—						—						2,097,325
Loans to individuals						2,132,653						1,275,668						38,248						3,446,569
Total						$	6,667,276					$	16,914,871					$	221,153					$	23,803,300

Credit Commitments

 

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of conditions established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. At September 30, 2020, outstanding commitments totaled $10.4 billion. Because some commitments are expected to expire before being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does loans.

The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based upon management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Because the credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan commitments, BOK Financial uses the same credit policies in evaluating the creditworthiness of the customer. Additionally, BOK Financial uses the same evaluation process in obtaining collateral on standby letters of credit as it does for loan commitments. The term of these standby letters of credit is defined in each commitment and typically corresponds with the underlying loan commitment. At September 30, 2020, outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $678 million. 

Allowances for Credit Losses and Accrual for Off-balance Sheet Credit Risk from Unfunded Loans Commitments

BOK Financial’s accounting policies have changed significantly with the adoption of CECL as of January 1, 2020. Prior periods are not restated. Prior to January 1, 2020, general allowances and nonspecific allowances were based on incurred credit losses in accordance with accounting policies disclosed in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2019 Form 10-K.

The allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments represent the portion of the amortized cost basis of loans that we do not expect to collect over the asset’s contractual life, considering past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. The appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses, including industry and product adjustments, is assessed quarterly by a senior management Allowance Committee. This review is based on an on-going evaluation of the estimated expected credit losses in the portfolio and on unused commitments to provide financing. A well-documented methodology has been developed and is applied by an independent Credit Administration department to assure consistency across the Company.

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The allowance for loan losses consists of specific allowances attributed to certain individual loans, generally nonaccruing loans, with dissimilar risk characteristics that have not yet been charged down to amounts we expect to recover and general allowances for estimated credit losses on pools of loans that share similar risk characteristics.

When full collection of principal or interest is uncertain, the loan’s risk characteristics have changed, and we exclude the loan from the general allowance pool, typically designating it as nonaccruing. For these loans, a specific allowance reflects the expected credit loss.

We measure specific allowances for loans excluded from the general allowance pool by an evaluation of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loans initial effective interest rate or the fair value of collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. For a non-collateral dependent loan, the specific allowance is the amount by which the loan’s amortized cost basis exceeds its net realizable value. We measure the specific allowance for collateral dependent loans as the amount by which the loan’s amortized costs basis exceeds its fair value. When repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale of collateral, we deduct estimated selling costs from the collateral’s fair value. Generally, third party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice serve as the basis for the fair value of real property held as collateral. These appraised values are on an “as-is” basis and generally are not adjusted by the Company. We obtain updated appraisals at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values may have declined. For energy loans, our internal staff of engineers generally determines collateral value of mineral rights based on projected cash flows from proven oil and gas reserves under existing economic and operating conditions. For real property held as collateral for other loans, third party appraisals that conform to Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice generally serve as the basis for the fair value. These appraised values are on an “as-is” basis and generally are not adjusted by the Company. We obtain updated appraisals at least annually or more frequently if market conditions indicate collateral values may have declined. Our special assets staff generally determines the value of other collateral based on projected liquidation cash flows under current market conditions. We evaluate collateral values and available cash resources quarterly. Historical statistics may be used to estimate specific allowances in limited situations, such as when a collateral dependent loan is removed from the general allowance pool near the end of a reporting period until an appraisal of collateral value is received or a full assessment of future cash flows is completed.

General allowances estimate expected credit losses on pools of loans sharing similar risk characteristics that are expected to occur over the loan’s estimated remaining life. The loan’s estimated remaining life represents the contractual term adjusted for amortization, estimates of prepayments, and borrower-owned extension options. Approximately 90 percent of the committed dollars in the loan portfolio is risk graded loans with general allowance model inputs that include probability of default, loss given default, and exposure at default. Probability of default is based on the migration of loans from performing to nonperforming using historical life of loan analysis periods. Loss given default is based on the aggregate losses incurred, net of estimated recoveries. Exposure at default represents an estimate of the outstanding amount of credit exposure at the time a default may occur.

Charge-off migration is used to calculate the general allowance for the majority of non-risk graded loans to individuals. The expected credit loss on less than 10 percent of the committed dollars in the portfolio is calculated using charge-off migration.

The expected credit loss on approximately 1 percent of the committed dollars in the portfolio is calculated using a non-modeled approach. Specifically, the calculation applies a long-term net charge-off rate to the loan balances, adjusted for the weighted average remaining maturity of each portfolio.

    

In estimating the expected credit losses for general allowances on performing risk-graded loans, each portfolio class is assigned relevant economic loss drivers which best explain variations in portfolio net loss rates. The probability of default estimates for each portfolio class are adjusted for current and forecasted economic conditions. The result is applied to the exposure at default and loss given default to calculate the lifetime expected credit loss estimate. Selection of relevant economic loss drivers is re-evaluated periodically and involves statistical analysis as well as management judgment. The unemployment rate factors significantly in the allowance for loan losses calculation, affecting commercial and loans to individuals segments. Other primary factors impacting the commercial portfolio include BBB corporate spreads, real gross domestic product growth rate, and energy commodity prices. The primary commercial real estate variables are vacancy rate and BBB corporate spreads. In addition to the unemployment rate, the forecast for loans to individuals is tied to home price index. The forecasts may include regional economic factors when localized conditions diverge from national conditions.

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An Economic Forecast Committee, consisting of senior management with members largely independent of the allowance process develops a twelve-month forward-looking forecast for the relevant economic loss drivers. Management develops these forecasts based on external data as well as a view of future economic conditions, which may include adjustments for regional conditions. The forecast includes three economic scenarios and probability weights for each scenario. The base forecast represents management's view of the most likely outcome, while the downside forecast reflects reasonably possible worsening economic conditions, and the upside forecast projects reasonably possible improving conditions.

At the end of the one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period, we transition from shorter-term expected losses to long-term loss averages for the loan’s estimated remaining life. The difference between short-term loss forecasts and long-term loss averages is run-off over the reversion horizon, up to three years, depending on the forecasted economic scenarios.

General allowances also consider the estimated impact of factors that are not captured in the modeled results or historical experience. These qualitative adjustments, determined by the Allowance Committee, may increase or decrease the allowance estimated by modeled results. Factors not captured in modeled results or historical experience may include for example, new lines of business, market conditions that have not been previously encountered, observed changes in credit risk that are not yet reflected in macro-economic factors, or economic conditions that impact loss given default assumptions.

The accrual for off-balance sheet credit risk is maintained at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated losses associated with credit instruments that are not currently recognized as assets such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit or guarantees that are not unconditionally cancelable by the bank. This accrual is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The appropriateness of the accrual is determined in the same manner as the allowance for loan losses, with the added consideration of commitment usage over the remaining life for those loans that the bank can not unconditionally cancel.

A provision for credit losses is charged against or credited to earnings in amounts necessary to maintain an appropriate Allowance for Credit Losses. Recoveries of loans previously charged off are added to the allowance when received.

The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit is summarized as follows (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended
						September 30, 2020
						Commercial						Commercial Real Estate						Paycheck Protection Program						Loans to Individuals						Nonspecific Allowance						Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance						$	310,422					$	68,756					$	—					$	56,419					$	—					$	435,597
Provision for loan losses						2,108						3,118						—						1,383						—						6,609
Loans charged off						(25,319)						(413)						—						(929)						—						(26,661)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off						3,066						114						—						1,052						—						4,232
Ending Balance						$	290,277					$	71,575					$	—					$	57,925					—						$	419,777
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments:
Beginning balance						$	14,582					$	16,419					$	—					$	1,918					$	—					$	32,919
Provision for off-balance sheet credit risk						(2,618)						(2,426)						—						94						—						(4,950)
Ending Balance						$	11,964					$	13,993					$	—					$	2,012					$	—					$	27,969

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						Nine Months Ended
						September 30, 2020
						Commercial						Commercial Real Estate						Paycheck Protection Program						Loans to Individuals						Nonspecific Allowance						Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance						$	118,187					$	51,805					$	—					$	23,572					$	17,195					$	210,759
Transition adjustment						33,681						(4,620)						—						13,943						(17,195)						25,809
Beginning balance, adjusted						151,868						47,185						—						37,515						—						236,568
Provision for loan losses						190,984						25,454						—						20,500						—						236,938
Loans charged off						(56,421)						(1,300)						—						(3,427)						—						(61,148)
Recoveries						3,846						236						—						3,337						—						7,419
Ending balance						$	290,277					$	71,575					$	—					$	57,925					$	—					$	419,777
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit risk from unfunded loan commitments:
Beginning balance						$	1,434					$	107					$	—					$	44					$	—					$	1,585
Transition adjustment						10,144						11,660						—						1,748						—						23,552
Beginning balance, adjusted						11,578						11,767						—						1,792						—						25,137
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses						386						2,226						—						220						—						2,832
Ending balance						$	11,964					$	13,993					$	—					$	2,012					$	—					$	27,969

Changes in our reasonable and supportable forecasts of macroeconomic variables, primarily due to the anticipated impact of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, and other assumptions, resulted in a $12.8 million reduction in the allowance for lending activities during the third quarter of 2020. Changes in the loan portfolio characteristics, including specific impairment and losses, loan balances and risk grading resulted in a $14.5 million increase in the allowance for lending activities.

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each measurement method at September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

						Collectively Measured for General Allowances												Individually Measured for Specific Allowances												Total
						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance
Commercial						$	13,395,753					$	271,122					$	169,953					$	19,155					$	13,565,706					$	290,277
Commercial real estate						4,680,748						71,035						12,952						540						4,693,700						71,575
Paycheck protection program						2,097,325						—						—						—						2,097,325						—
Loans to individuals						3,408,321						57,925						38,248						—						3,446,569						57,925
Total						23,582,147						400,082						221,153						19,695						23,803,300						419,777

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Credit Quality Indicators

The Company utilizes risk grading as primary credit quality indicators as it influences the probability of default which is a key attribute in the expected credit losses calculation. Substantially all commercial as well as commercial real estate loans and certain loans to individuals are risk graded based on a quarterly evaluation of the borrowers’ ability to repay the loans. Certain commercial loans and most loans to individuals are small, homogeneous pools that are not risk-graded. The credit quality of these loans is based on past due days in accordance with regulatory guidelines.

We have included in the credit quality indicator “pass” loans that are in compliance with the original terms of the agreement and currently exhibit no factors that cause management to have doubts about the borrowers’ ability to remain in compliance with the original terms of the agreement, which is consistent with the regulatory guideline of “pass.” This also includes past due residential mortgages that are guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government that continue to accrue interest based on criteria of the guarantors’ programs.

Other loans especially mentioned ("Special Mention") are currently performing in compliance with the original terms of the agreement but may have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention, consistent with regulatory guidelines. Non-graded loans 30 to 59 days past due are categorized as Special Mention.

The risk grading process identified certain loans that have a well-defined weakness (for example, inadequate debt service coverage or liquidity or marginal capitalization; repayment may depend on collateral or other risk mitigation) that may jeopardize liquidation of the debt and represent a greater risk due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. This is consistent with the regulatory guideline for “substandard.” Because the borrowers are still performing in accordance with the original terms of the loan agreements, these loans remain on accruing status. Non-graded loans 60 to 89 days past due are categorized as Accruing Substandard.

Nonaccruing loans represent loans for which full collection of principal and interest is uncertain. This includes certain loans considered “substandard” and all loans considered “doubtful” by regulatory guidelines. Non-graded loans 90 or more days past due are categorized as Nonaccrual.

Probability of default is lowest for pass graded loans and increases for each credit quality indicator, Special Mention, and Accruing Substandard.

Vintage represents the year of origination, except for revolving loans which are considered in aggregate. Loans that were once revolving but have converted to term loans without additional underwriting appear in a separate vintage column.

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The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at September 30, 2020 by the risk grade categories and vintage (in thousands): 

			Origination Year
			2020			2019			2018			2017			2016			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans			Total
Commercial:
Energy
Pass			$	57,239		$	58,923		$	93,066		$	7,959		$	1,131		$	6,716		$	2,474,328		$	—		$	2,699,362
Special Mention			—			—			—			—			—			—			465,643			—			465,643
Accruing Substandard			295			—			951			—			14,406			—			409,628			—			425,280
Nonaccrual			1,652			6,541			15,496			—			—			28,349			74,778			—			126,816
Total energy			59,186			65,464			109,513			7,959			15,537			35,065			3,424,377			—			3,717,101
Healthcare
Pass			356,834			619,693			625,047			429,314			241,452			749,439			236,118			—			3,257,897
Special Mention			—			27,500			—			3,019			—			13,393			3,255			—			47,167
Accruing Substandard			—			2,843			1,705			947			143			11,443			—			—			17,081
Nonaccrual			—			18			183			—			—			2,935			509			—			3,645
Total healthcare			356,834			650,054			626,935			433,280			241,595			777,210			239,882			—			3,325,790
Services
Pass			356,443			445,488			406,761			345,936			380,205			758,036			689,917			651			3,383,437
Special Mention			344			11,778			1,734			597			8,415			5,410			10,043			—			38,321
Accruing Substandard			94			8,067			27,957			9,662			2,568			15,185			34,717			—			98,250
Nonaccrual			—			3,420			—			13,898			1,147			6,726			626			—			25,817
Total services			356,881			468,753			436,452			370,093			392,335			785,357			735,303			651			3,545,825
General business
Pass			327,729			446,214			342,469			242,267			126,259			229,142			1,145,429			2,766			2,862,275
Special Mention			—			4,335			13,235			7,126			3,876			3,457			4,782			21			36,832
Accruing Substandard			1,005			15,955			11,316			11,007			7,501			8,526			8,894			4			64,208
Nonaccrual			1,675			3,853			4,865			1,647			787			118			659			71			13,675
Total general business			330,409			470,357			371,885			262,047			138,423			241,243			1,159,764			2,862			2,976,990
Total commercial			1,103,310			1,654,628			1,544,785			1,073,379			787,890			1,838,875			5,559,326			3,513			13,565,706
Commercial real estate:
Pass			578,864			1,184,368			1,021,832			517,976			347,920			780,900			207,440			—			4,639,300
Special Mention			—			—			261			12,326			2,571			8,903			—			—			24,061
Accruing Substandard			—			8,349			—			4,187			—			4,824			27			—			17,387
Nonaccrual			—			—			—			232			6,575			6,145			—			—			12,952
Total commercial real estate			578,864			1,192,717			1,022,093			534,721			357,066			800,772			207,467			—			4,693,700

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			Origination Year
			2020			2019			2018			2017			2016			Prior			Revolving Loans			Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans			Total
Paycheck protection program:
Pass			2,097,325			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			2,097,325
Total paycheck protection program			2,097,325			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			2,097,325
Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage
Pass			414,273			166,795			138,524			157,514			178,830			390,803			341,673			26,129			1,814,541
Special Mention			—			47			1,879			20			—			309			527			12			2,794
Accruing Substandard			—			—			—			—			—			39			159			12			210
Nonaccrual			—			43			1,509			735			2,057			24,431			2,066			758			31,599
Total residential mortgage			414,273			166,885			141,912			158,269			180,887			415,582			344,425			26,911			1,849,144
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
Pass			2,385			29,819			29,745			43,690			57,322			214,889			—			—			377,850
Nonaccrual			—			—			404			—			—			5,993			—			—			6,397
Total residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies			2,385			29,819			30,149			43,690			57,322			220,882			—			—			384,247
Personal:
Pass			182,066			204,478			79,041			104,217			70,812			98,598			471,503			1,498			1,212,213
Special Mention			42			24			11			53			46			45			1			—			222
Accruing Substandard			—			211			—			265			—			—			15			—			491
Nonaccrual			—			17			49			53			59			44			30			—			252
Total personal			182,108			204,730			79,101			104,588			70,917			98,687			471,549			1,498			1,213,178
Total loans to individuals			598,766			401,434			251,162			306,547			309,126			735,151			815,974			28,409			3,446,569
Total loans			$	4,378,265		$	3,248,779		$	2,818,040		$	1,914,647		$	1,454,082		$	3,374,798		$	6,582,767		$	31,922		$	23,803,300

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Nonaccruing Loans

A summary of nonaccruing loans at September 30, 2020 follows (in thousands): 

			As of September 30, 2020
			Total						With No Allowance						With Allowance						Related Allowance
Commercial:
Energy			$	126,816					$	86,793					$	40,023					$	16,504
Healthcare			3,645						3,645						—						—
Services			25,817						20,456						5,361						2,574
General business			13,675						13,177						498						77
Total commercial			169,953						124,071						45,882						19,155
Commercial real estate			12,952						7,584						5,368						540
Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage			31,599						31,599						—						—
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies			6,397						6,397						—						—
Personal			252						252						—						—
Total loans to individuals			38,248						38,248						—						—
Total			$	221,153					$	169,903					$	51,250					$	19,695

Troubled Debt Restructurings

At September 30, 2020 the Company had $184 million in troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"), of which $143 million were accruing residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, $11 million were nonaccruing energy loans with a related specific allowance of $2.0 million and $19 million were nonaccruing residential mortgage loans with no specific allowance necessary. Approximately $65 million of TDRs were performing in accordance with the modified terms.

At December 31, 2019, the Company had $132 million in TDRs, of which $92 million were accruing residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Approximately $57 million of TDRs were performing in accordance with the modified terms.

TDRs generally consist of interest rate concessions, payment stream concessions or a combination of concessions to distressed borrowers. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $36 million and $76 million of loans were restructured and $6.4 million and $16.1 million of loans designated as TDRs were charged off. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, $6.2 million and $40 million of loans were restructured and $2.5 million and $15.1 million of loans designated as TDRs were charged off.

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Past Due Loans

Past due status for all loan classes is based on the actual number of days since the last payment was due according to the contractual terms of the loans, as modified for short-term payment deferral forbearance.

A summary of loans currently performing and past due as of September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

												Past Due																								Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing
						Current						30 to 59 Days						60 to 89 Days						90 Days or More						Total
Commercial:
Energy						$	3,603,548					$	27,064					$	—					$	86,489					$	3,717,101					$	—
Healthcare						3,316,556						5,419						—						3,815						3,325,790						171
Services						3,521,644						6,503						5,168						12,510						3,545,825						58
General business						2,955,752						14,002						342						6,894						2,976,990						443
Total commercial						13,397,500						52,988						5,510						109,708						13,565,706						672
Commercial real estate						4,673,416						2,029						532						17,723						4,693,700						4,771
Paycheck protection program						2,097,325						—						—						—						2,097,325						—
Loans to individuals:
Residential mortgage						1,830,005						8,299						1,128						9,712						1,849,144						2,241
Residential mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						172,678						56,264						34,355						120,950						384,247						117,188
Personal						1,212,488						99						520						71						1,213,178						—
Total loans to individuals						3,215,171						64,662						36,003						130,733						3,446,569						119,429
Total						$	23,383,412					$	119,679					$	42,045					$	258,164					$	23,803,300					$	124,872

Following is disclosure of loans and the combined allowance for loan losses and accrual for off-balance sheet credit losses under the previous incurred loss model.

Portfolio segments of the loan portfolio are as follows (in thousands):

						December 31, 2019
						Fixed Rate						Variable Rate						Non-accrual						Total
Commercial						$	3,231,485					$	10,684,749					$	115,416					$	14,031,650
Commercial real estate						1,056,321						3,349,836						27,626						4,433,783
Residential mortgage						1,652,653						393,897						37,622						2,084,172
Personal						193,903						1,007,192						287						1,201,382
Total						$	6,134,362					$	15,435,674					$	180,951					$	21,750,987
Accruing loans past due (90 days)1																								$	7,680

1Excludes residential mortgage loans guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. government

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The activity in the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses related to loan commitments and standby letters of credit is summarized as follows (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended
						September 30, 2019
						Commercial						Commercial Real Estate						Residential Mortgage						Personal						Nonspecific Allowance						Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance						$	106,397					$	54,188					$	15,724					$	9,388					$	16,837					$	202,534
Provision for loan losses						9,861						102						(253)						1,911						918						12,539
Loans charged off						(9,875)						—						(56)						(1,776)						—						(11,707)
Recoveries						260						60						119						627						—						1,066
Ending balance						$	106,643					$	54,350					$	15,534					$	10,150					$	17,755					$	204,432
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses:
Beginning balance						1,742						116						44						1						—						$	1,903
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses						(536)						(3)						—						—						—						(539)
Ending balance						$	1,206					$	113					$	44					$	1					$	—					$	1,364
Total provision for credit losses						$	9,325					$	99					$	(253)					$	1,911					$	918					$	12,000

						Nine Months Ended
						September 30, 2019
						Commercial						Commercial Real Estate						Residential Mortgage						Personal						Nonspecific Allowance						Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance						$	102,226					$	60,026					$	17,964					$	9,473					$	17,768					$	207,457
Provision for loan losses						34,740						(10,075)						(2,660)						3,434						(13)						25,426
Loans charged off						(31,728)						(118)						(192)						(4,671)						—						(36,709)
Recoveries						1,405						4,517						422						1,914						—						8,258
Ending balance						$	106,643					$	54,350					$	15,534					$	10,150					$	17,755					$	204,432
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses:
Beginning balance						$	1,655					$	52					$	52					$	31					$	—					$	1,790
Provision for off-balance sheet credit losses						(449)						61						(8)						(30)						—						(426)
Ending balance						$	1,206					$	113					$	44					$	1					$	—					$	1,364
Total provision for credit losses						$	34,291					$	(10,014)					$	(2,668)					$	3,404					$	(13)					$	25,000

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The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for each impairment measurement method at December 31, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

						Collectively Measured for Impairment												Individually Measured for Impairment												Total
						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance
Commercial						$	13,916,234					$	100,773					$	115,416					$	17,414					$	14,031,650					$	118,187
Commercial real estate						4,406,157						51,805						27,626						—						4,433,783						51,805
Residential mortgage						2,046,550						14,400						37,622						—						2,084,172						14,400
Personal						1,201,095						9,172						287						—						1,201,382						9,172
Total						21,570,036						176,150						180,951						17,414						21,750,987						193,564
Nonspecific allowance						—						—						—						—						—						17,195
Total						$	21,570,036					$	176,150					$	180,951					$	17,414					$	21,750,987					$	210,759

The allowance for loan losses and recorded investment of the related loans by portfolio segment for risk graded and non-risk graded loans at December 31, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

						Internally Risk Graded												Non-Graded												Total
						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance						Recorded Investment						Related Allowance
Commercial						$	13,997,538					$	117,236					$	34,112					$	951					$	14,031,650					$	118,187
Commercial real estate						4,433,783						51,805						—						—						4,433,783						51,805
Residential mortgage						279,113						3,085						1,805,059						11,315						2,084,172						14,400
Personal						1,116,297						7,003						85,085						2,169						1,201,382						9,172
Total						19,826,731						179,129						1,924,256						14,435						21,750,987						193,564
Nonspecific allowance						—						—						—						—						—						17,195
Total						$	19,826,731					$	179,129					$	1,924,256					$	14,435					$	21,750,987					$	210,759

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The following table summarizes the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2019 by the risk grade categories (in thousands): 

						Internally Risk Graded																								Non-Graded
						Performing
						Pass						Other Loans Especially Mentioned						Accruing Substandard						Nonaccrual						Performing						Nonaccrual						Total
Commercial:
Energy						$	3,700,406					$	117,298					$	63,951					$	91,722					$	—					$	—					$	3,973,377
Services						3,050,946						29,943						33,791						7,483						—						—						3,122,163
Wholesale/retail						1,749,023						5,281						5,399						1,163						—						—						1,760,866
Manufacturing						623,219						18,214						13,883						10,133						—						—						665,449
Healthcare						2,995,514						13,117						20,805						4,480						—						—						3,033,916
Public finance						709,868						—						—						—						—						—						709,868
Other commercial and industrial						709,729						4,028						17,744						398						34,075						37						766,011
Total commercial						13,538,705						187,881						155,573						115,379						34,075						37						14,031,650
Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development						150,529						—						—						350						—						—						150,879
Retail						743,343						12,067						1,243						18,868						—						—						775,521
Office						923,202						5,177						—						—						—						—						928,379
Multifamily						1,257,005						1,604						95						6,858						—						—						1,265,562
Industrial						852,539						1,658						1,011						909						—						—						856,117
Other commercial real estate						455,045						1,639						—						641						—						—						457,325
Total commercial real estate						4,381,663						22,145						2,349						27,626						—						—						4,433,783
Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage						276,138						78						2,404						493						758,260						19,948						1,057,321
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						—						—						—						—						191,694						6,100						197,794
Home equity						—						—						—						—						817,976						11,081						829,057
Total residential mortgage						276,138						78						2,404						493						1,767,930						37,129						2,084,172
Personal						1,116,196						45						—						56						84,853						232						1,201,382
Total						$	19,312,702					$	210,149					$	160,326					$	143,554					$	1,886,858					$	37,398					$	21,750,987

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Impaired Loans

Loans are considered to be impaired when it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. This generally includes all nonaccruing loans, all loans modified in a TDR and all loans repurchased from GNMA pools.

Generally, no interest income is recognized on impaired loans until all principal balances, including amounts charged-off, are recovered.

A summary of impaired loans at December 31, 2019 follows (in thousands): 

												Recorded Investment
						Unpaid Principal Balance						Total						With No Allowance						With Allowance						Related Allowance
Commercial:
Energy						$	149,441					$	91,722					$	44,244					$	47,478					$	16,854
Services						10,923						7,483						6,301						1,182						240
Wholesale/retail						1,980						1,163						902						261						101
Manufacturing						10,848						10,133						9,914						219						219
Healthcare						13,774						4,480						4,480						—						—
Public finance						—						—						—						—						—
Other commercial and industrial						8,227						435						435						—						—
Total commercial						195,193						115,416						66,276						49,140						17,414
Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development						1,306						350						350						—						—
Retail						20,265						18,868						18,868						—						—
Office						—						—						—						—						—
Multifamily						6,858						6,858						6,858						—						—
Industrial						909						909						909						—						—
Other commercial real estate						801						641						641						—						—
Total commercial real estate						30,139						27,626						27,626						—						—
Residential mortgage:
Permanent mortgage						24,868						20,441						20,441						—						—
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies1						204,187						197,794						197,794						—						—
Home equity						12,967						11,081						11,081						—						—
Total residential mortgage						242,022						229,316						229,316						—						—
Personal						360						287						287						—						—
Total						$	467,714					$	372,645					$	323,505					$	49,140					$	17,414

1    All permanent mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies are considered impaired as we do not expect full collection of contractual principal and interest. At December 31, 2019, the majority were accruing based on the guarantee by U.S. government agencies.

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A summary of loans currently performing, loans past due and accruing and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

												Past Due
						Current						30 to 59 Days						60 to 89 Days						90 Days or More						Nonaccrual						Total
Commercial:
Energy						$	3,881,244					$	401					$	10					$	—					91,722						$	3,973,377
Services						3,105,621						1,737						523						6,799						7,483						3,122,163
Wholesale						1,758,878						712						113						—						1,163						1,760,866
Manufacturing						654,329						410						190						387						10,133						665,449
Healthcare						3,027,329						2,039						—						68						4,480						3,033,916
Public finance						707,638						2,230						—						—						—						709,868
Other commercial and industrial						764,390						414						772						—						435						766,011
Total commercial						13,899,429						7,943						1,608						7,254						115,416						14,031,650
Commercial real estate:
Residential construction and land development						147,379						3,093						—						57						350						150,879
Retail						756,653						—						—						—						18,868						775,521
Office						928,379						—						—						—						—						928,379
Multifamily						1,258,704						—						—						—						6,858						1,265,562
Industrial						855,208						—						—						—						909						856,117
Other commercial real estate						454,253						1,827						250						354						641						457,325
Total commercial real estate						4,400,576						4,920						250						411						27,626						4,433,783
Residential Mortgage:
Permanent mortgage						1,034,716						2,011						153						—						20,441						1,057,321
Permanent mortgage guaranteed by U.S. government agencies						46,898						24,203						18,187						102,406						6,100						197,794
Home equity						814,325						3,343						308						—						11,081						829,057
Total residential mortgage						1,895,939						29,557						18,648						102,406						37,622						2,084,172
Personal						1,196,362						4,664						54						15						287						1,201,382
Total						$	21,392,306					$	47,084					$	20,560					$	110,086					$	180,951					$	21,750,987

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(5) Mortgage Banking Activities

Residential Mortgage Loan Production

The Company originates, markets and services conventional and government-sponsored residential mortgage loans. Generally, conforming fixed rate residential mortgage loans are held for sale in the secondary market and non-conforming and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans are retained for investment. Residential mortgage loans originated for sale by the Company are carried at fair value based on sales commitments and market quotes. Changes in the fair value of mortgage loans held for sale are included in Other operating revenue – Mortgage banking revenue. Residential mortgage loans held for sale also includes the fair value of residential mortgage loan commitments and forward sales commitments, which are considered derivative contracts that have not been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. The volume of mortgage loans originated for sale and secondary market prices are the primary drivers of originating and marketing revenue.

Residential mortgage loan commitments are generally outstanding for 60 to 90 days, which represents the typical period from commitment to originate a residential mortgage loan to when the closed loan is sold to an investor. Residential mortgage loan commitments are subject to both credit and interest rate risk. Credit risk is managed through underwriting policies and procedures, including collateral requirements, which are generally accepted by the secondary loan markets. Exposure to interest rate fluctuations is partially managed through forward sales of residential mortgage-backed securities and forward sales contracts. These latter contracts set the price for loans that will be delivered in the next 60 to 90 days.

The unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans held for sale, notional amounts of derivative contracts related to residential mortgage loan commitments and forward contract sales and their related fair values included in Mortgage loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheets were (in thousands):

						September 30, 2020												December 31, 2019
						Unpaid Principal Balance/ Notional						Fair Value						Unpaid Principal Balance/ Notional						Fair Value
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						$	259,076					$	268,575					$	175,117					$	177,703
Residential mortgage loan commitments						560,493						29,224						158,460						5,233
Forward sales contracts						765,994						(2,509)						315,203						(665)
												$	295,290											$	182,271

No residential mortgage loans held for sale were 90 days or more past due or considered impaired as of September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019. No credit losses were recognized on residential mortgage loans held for sale for the nine month period ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Mortgage banking revenue was as follows (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2020						2019						2020						2019
Production revenue:
Net realized gains on sale of mortgage loans						$	36,300					$	8,971					$	70,126					$	24,838
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage loans held for sale						(1,672)						97						6,913						965
Net change in the fair value of mortgage loan commitments						1,593						514						23,991						4,733
Net change in the fair value of forward sales contracts						2,210						4,232						(1,844)						3,015
Total production revenue						38,431						13,814						99,186						33,551
Servicing revenue						13,528						16,366						43,876						48,594
Total mortgage banking revenue						$	51,959					$	30,180					$	143,062					$	82,145

Production revenue includes gain (loss) on residential mortgage loans held for sale and changes in the fair value of derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes related to residential mortgage loan commitments and forward sales contracts. Servicing revenue includes servicing fee income and late charges on loans serviced for others.

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Residential Mortgage Servicing

Mortgage servicing rights may be originated or purchased. Both originated and purchased mortgage servicing rights are initially recognized at fair value. The Company has elected to carry all mortgage servicing rights at fair value. Changes in the fair value are recognized in earnings as they occur. The unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others is the primary driver of servicing revenue.

The following represents a summary of mortgage servicing rights (dollars in thousands):

						September 30, 2020						December 31, 2019
Number of residential mortgage loans serviced for others						111,008						126,828
Outstanding principal balance of residential mortgage loans serviced for others						$	17,116,204					$	20,727,106
Weighted average interest rate						3.91		%				3.98		%
Remaining term (in months)						281						289

The following represents activity in capitalized mortgage servicing rights (in thousands):

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2020						2019						2020						2019
Beginning Balance						$	97,971					$	208,308					$	201,886					$	259,254
Additions						7,424						9,882						21,330						24,821
Disposals						—						—						(10,801)						—
Change in fair value due to principal payments						(11,192)						(11,936)						(28,971)						(27,600)
Change in fair value due to market assumption changes						3,441						(12,593)						(85,800)						(62,814)
Ending Balance						$	97,644					$	193,661					$	97,644					$	193,661

Changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights due to market assumption changes are included in Other operating revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Changes in fair value due to principal payments are included in Mortgage banking costs. 

Mortgage servicing rights are not traded in active markets. Fair value is determined by discounting the projected net cash flows. Significant market assumptions used to determine fair value based on significant unobservable inputs were as follows:

						September 30, 2020						December 31, 2019
Discount rate – risk-free rate plus a market premium						9.15%						9.81%
Prepayment rate - based upon loan interest rate, original term and loan type						9.90% - 24.02%						8.28% - 16.05%
Loan servicing costs – annually per loan based upon loan type:
Performing loans						$69 - $94						$68 - $94
Delinquent loans						$150 - $500						$150 - $500
Loans in foreclosure						$1,000 - $4,000						$1,000 - $4,000
Escrow earnings rate – indexed to rates paid on deposit accounts with comparable average life						0.34%						1.73%
Primary/secondary mortgage rate spread						105 bps						104 bps
Delinquency rate						3.72%						2.73%

Changes in primary residential mortgage interest rates directly affect the prepayment speeds used in valuing our mortgage servicing rights. A separate third party model is used to estimate prepayment speeds based on interest rates, housing turnover rates, estimated loan curtailment, anticipated defaults and other relevant factors. The prepayment model is updated periodically for changes in market conditions and adjusted to better correlate with actual performance of BOK Financial’s servicing portfolio.

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(6) Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

Litigation Contingencies

On June 24, 2015, BOKF, NA received a complaint alleging that an employee had colluded with a bond issuer and an individual in misusing revenues pledged to municipal bonds for which BOKF, NA served as trustee under the bond indenture. The Company conducted an investigation and concluded that employees in one of its Corporate Trust offices had, with respect to a single group of affiliated bond issuances, violated Company policies and procedures by waiving financial covenants, granting forbearances and accepting without disclosure to the bondholders, debt service payments from sources other than pledged revenues. The relationship manager was terminated. The Company reported the circumstances to, and cooperated with an investigation by, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

On December 28, 2015, in an action brought by the SEC, the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey entered a judgment against the principals involved in issuing the bonds, precluding the principals from denying the alleged violations of the federal securities laws and requiring the principals to pay all outstanding principal, accrued interest, and other amounts required under the bond documents, less the value of the facilities securing repayment of the bonds, subject to oversight by a court appointed monitor (“Payment Plan”).

On September 7, 2016, BOKF, NA agreed, and the SEC entered, a Consent Order finding that BOKF, NA had violated Section 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act and requiring BOKF, NA to disgorge

$1,067,721 of fees and pay a civil penalty of $600,000. BOKF, NA disgorged the fees and paid the penalty.

On August 26, 2016, BOKF, NA was sued in the United States District Court for New Jersey by two bondholders in a putative class action on behalf of all holders of the bonds alleging BOKF, NA participated in the fraudulent sale of securities by the principals. The New Jersey Federal District Action remains stayed with no current deadlines pending. On September 14, 2016, BOKF, NA was sued in the District Court of Tulsa County, Oklahoma by 19 bondholders alleging BOKF, NA participated in the fraudulent sale of securities by the principals. The Tulsa County District Court Action is pending on BOKF, NA’s motion to dismiss the plaintiff's Third Amended Petition.

On January 8, 2020, the New Jersey District Court entered judgment against the principal individual and his wife for $36,805,051 in principal amount and $10,937,831 in pre-judgment interest. On January 19, 2020, the New Jersey Federal District Court formally terminated the Payment Plan. Management is no longer able to conclude that the individual principal and his wife will be successful in paying the obligations they have to pay the bonds in full but such obligations remain and are not dischargeable in bankruptcy. On September 24, 2020, the SEC filed multiple garnishments on entities either related to or holding assets for the debtor. If the individual principal and his wife do not have the financial ability to pay the bonds in full, a bondholder loss could become probable. Management has been advised by counsel that BOKF, NA has valid defenses to claims of bondholders and that no loss to the company is probable. No provision for losses has been made at this time. BOKF, NA estimates that, upon sale of all remaining collateral securing payment of the bonds, approximately $20 million will remain outstanding. A reasonable estimate cannot be made of the amount of any bondholder loss, though the amount of bondholder loss could be material to the company in the event a loss to the company becomes probable.

On March 5, 2018, BOKF, NA was sued in the Fulton, Georgia County District Court by a Wrongful Death Judgment Creditor of one of the operators of a nursing home financed by one of the bonds which are the subject of the litigation discussed above. The judgment is alleged to total approximately $8 million in principal and interest at this time. Plaintiff alleges that BOKF, as Trustee, colluded with the borrower and others to defraud creditors of the nursing home by misleading the public about the solvency of the nursing home. Plaintiff alleges that this conduct has prevented her from collecting on her judgment. On April 19, 2019, the Court granted BOKF, NA's Motion to Dismiss. On May 3, 2019, the plaintiff filed a Motion for Reconsideration which remains pending. BOKF, NA is advised by counsel that BOKF, NA has valid defenses to the plaintiffs’ claims and no loss is probable.

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On March 14, 2017, BOKF, NA was sued in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma by bondholders in a second putative class action representing a different set of municipal securities. The bondholders in this second action allege two individuals purchased facilities from the principals who are the subject of the SEC New Jersey proceedings by means of the fraudulent sale of $60 million of municipal securities for which BOKF, NA also served as indenture trustee. The bondholders allege BOKF, NA failed to disclose that the seller of the purchased facilities had engaged in the conduct complained of in the New Jersey action. BOKF, NA properly performed all duties as indenture trustee of this second set of municipal securities, timely commenced proceedings against the issuer of the securities when default occurred, is cooperating with the SEC in actions against the two principals, is not a target of the SEC proceedings, and has been advised by counsel that BOKF, NA has valid defenses to the claims of these bondholders. On July 8, 2020, the Court ruled on the motion and dismissed six of Plaintiffs’ seven causes of action. On September 9, 2020 the Court entered a Scheduling Order for proceeding on the remaining claim with a January 18, 2022 trial date. Management is advised by counsel that a loss is not probable and that the loss, if any, cannot be reasonably estimated.

On March 7, 2017, a plaintiff filed a putative class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas alleging an extended overdraft fee charged by BOKF, NA is interest and exceeds permitted rates. On September 18, 2018, the District Court dismissed the Texas action and the plaintiff appealed the dismissal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit which heard argument on October 8, 2019. On August 22, 2018, a plaintiff filed a second putative class action in the United States District Court for New Mexico making the same allegations as the Texas action. The District Court dismissed the plaintiff's action. The plaintiff has appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit. Management is advised by counsel that a loss is not probable in either the now dismissed Texas action or the New Mexico action and that the loss, if any, cannot be reasonably estimated.

On March 7, 2020, three former employees sued BOKF, NA, the Plan Committee of the BOKF, NA 401k Plan, and Cavanal Hill Investment Management, Inc., a subsidiary of BOKF, NA, alleging that the Defendants included proprietary investment products as investment options in the BOKF, NA 401k Plan, whose fees were too high and performance too low, for the purpose of earning fees. The action is brought as a putative class action on behalf of all Plan Participants. The action is pending on the defendants' motion to dismiss. Management is advised by counsel that a loss is not probable and that the loss, if any, cannot be reasonably estimated.

On May 12, 2020, an accounting firm filed a putative class action in the District Court of Colorado alleging that BOKF, NA failed to pay the agents of borrowers making application through the Bank to the Small Business Administration for Paycheck Protection Program (CARES Act) loans. BOKF, NA implemented a policy to pay, and paid, all agents of PPP borrowers where the principals agreed the principals had agents. Management is advised by counsel that a loss is not probable and that the loss, if any, cannot be reasonably estimated.

In the ordinary course of business, BOK Financial and its subsidiaries are subject to legal actions and complaints. Management believes, based upon the opinion of counsel, that the actions and liability or loss, if any, resulting from the final outcomes of the proceedings, will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Alternative Investment Commitments

The Company sponsors a private equity fund and invests in several tax credit entities and other funds as permitted by banking regulations. Consolidation of these investments is based on the variable interest model.

At September 30, 2020, the Company has $270 million in interests in various alternative investments generally consisting of unconsolidated limited partnership interests in entities for which investment return is in the form of low income housing tax credits or other investments in merchant banking activities. This investment balance also includes $89 million of unfunded commitments included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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(7) Shareholders' Equity

On November 3, 2020, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.52 per common share payable on or about November 24, 2020 to shareholders of record as of November 16, 2020.

Dividends declared were $0.51 and $1.53 per share during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and $0.50 and $1.50 per share during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

AOCI includes unrealized gains and losses on available for sale ("AFS") securities and non-credit related unrealized losses on AFS securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment has been recorded in earnings. Unrealized losses on employee benefit plans will be reclassified into income as pension plan costs are recognized over the remaining service period of plan participants. Gains and losses in AOCI are net of deferred income taxes.

A rollforward of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is included as follows (in thousands):

						Unrealized Gain (Loss) on
						Available for Sale Securities						Employee Benefit Plans												Total
Balance, Dec. 31, 2018						$	(70,999)					$	(1,586)											$	(72,585)
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)						274,441						—												274,441
Reclassification adjustments included in earnings:
Gain on available for sale securities, net						(1,110)						—												(1,110)
Other comprehensive income, before income taxes						273,331						—												273,331
Federal and state income taxes1						66,993						—												66,993
Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes						206,338						—												206,338
Balance, September 30, 2019						$	135,339					$	(1,586)											$	133,753
Balance, Dec. 31, 2019						$	104,996					$	(73)											$	104,923
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)						347,985						—												347,985
Reclassification adjustments included in earnings:
Gain on available for sale securities, net						(5,571)						—												(5,571)
Other comprehensive income, before income taxes						342,414						—												342,414
Federal and state income taxes1						82,167						—												82,167
Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes						260,247						—												260,247
Balance, September 30, 2020						$	365,243					$	(73)											$	365,170

1    Calculated using a 25 percent blended federal and state statutory tax rate.

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(8) Earnings Per Share

 

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2020						2019						2020						2019
Numerator:
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders						$	154,034					$	142,231					$	280,806					$	390,406
Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities						938						875						1,678						2,553
Numerator for basic earnings per share – income available to common shareholders						153,096						141,356						279,128						387,853
Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of participating securities						—						1						—						1
Numerator for diluted earnings per share – income available to common shareholders						$	153,096					$	141,357					$	279,128					$	387,854
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding						70,306,233						71,033,405						70,375,628						71,425,855
Less:  Participating securities included in weighted average shares outstanding						428,367						437,098						416,684						472,311
Denominator for basic earnings per common share						69,877,866						70,596,307						69,958,944						70,953,544
Dilutive effect of employee stock compensation plans1						1,424						13,617						3,109						15,301
Denominator for diluted earnings per common share						69,879,290						70,609,924						69,962,053						70,968,845
Basic earnings per share						$	2.19					$	2.00					$	3.99					$	5.47
Diluted earnings per share						$	2.19					$	2.00					$	3.99					$	5.47
1 Excludes employee stock options with exercise prices greater than current market price.						19,227						—						—						—

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(9) Reportable Segments

Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

						Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management and Other						BOK Financial Consolidated
Net interest revenue from external sources						$	173,248					$	15,821					$	34,098					$	48,583					$	271,750
Net interest revenue (expense) from internal sources						(23,302)						17,309						(11,113)						17,106						—
Net interest revenue						149,946						33,130						22,985						65,689						271,750
Provision for credit losses						22,599						79						(51)						(22,627)						—
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses						127,347						33,051						23,036						88,316						271,750
Other operating revenue						52,021						67,808						111,152						3,178						234,159
Other operating expense						66,846						59,839						82,868						91,712						301,265
Net direct contribution						112,522						41,020						51,320						(218)						204,644
Gain (loss) on financial instruments, net						38						1,540						—						(1,578)						—
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						—						3,441						—						(3,441)						—
Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net						(4,332)						41						—						4,291						—
Corporate expense allocations						5,172						10,812						9,397						(25,381)						—
Net income before taxes						103,056						35,230						41,923						24,435						204,644
Federal and state income taxes						27,959						8,974						10,711						2,908						50,552
Net income						75,097						26,256						31,212						21,527						154,092
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests						—						—						—						58						58
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders						$	75,097					$	26,256					$	31,212					$	21,469					$	154,034
Average assets						$	28,000,183					$	9,898,119					$	16,206,522					$	(5,171,057)					$	48,933,767

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Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

						Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management and Other						BOK Financial Consolidated
Net interest revenue from external sources						$	549,464					$	60,492					$	82,823					$	118,435					$	811,214
Net interest revenue (expense) from internal sources						(103,002)						55,840						(14,054)						61,216						—
Net interest revenue						446,462						116,332						68,769						179,651						811,214
Provision for credit losses						53,241						1,870						(188)						174,169						229,092
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses						393,221						114,462						68,957						5,482						582,122
Other operating revenue						138,139						190,062						315,707						3,263						647,171
Other operating expense						190,531						173,568						241,627						259,550						865,276
Net direct contribution						340,829						130,956						143,037						(250,805)						364,017
Gain (loss) on financial instruments, net						135						95,660						7						(95,802)						—
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						—						(85,800)						—						85,800						—
Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net						(4,132)						81						—						4,051						—
Corporate expense allocations						19,514						32,111						25,866						(77,491)						—
Net income before taxes						317,318						108,786						117,178						(179,265)						364,017
Federal and state income taxes						86,254						27,709						29,999						(60,307)						83,655
Net income						231,064						81,077						87,179						(118,958)						280,362
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests						—						—						—						(444)						(444)
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders						$	231,064					$	81,077					$	87,179					$	(118,514)					$	280,806
Average assets						$	26,759,150					$	9,889,690					$	14,888,623					$	(3,397,417)					$	48,140,046

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Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

						Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management and Other						BOK Financial Consolidated
Net interest revenue from external sources						$	243,944					$	27,580					$	12,343					$	(4,771)					$	279,096
Net interest revenue (expense) from internal sources						(64,984)						20,882						10,723						33,379						—
Net interest revenue						178,960						48,462						23,066						28,608						279,096
Provision for credit losses						9,505						1,841						(42)						696						12,000
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses						169,455						46,621						23,108						27,912						267,096
Other operating revenue						48,832						51,221						89,160						(2,763)						186,450
Other operating expense						69,127						59,699						71,619						78,847						279,292
Net direct contribution						149,160						38,143						40,649						(53,698)						174,254
Gain (loss) on financial instruments, net						28						8,339						—						(8,367)						—
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						—						(12,593)						—						12,593						—
Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net						802						214						—						(1,016)						—
Corporate expense allocations						11,772						11,776						9,416						(32,964)						—
Net income before taxes						138,218						22,327						31,233						(17,524)						174,254
Federal and state income taxes						37,232						5,687						8,027						(18,550)						32,396
Net income						100,986						16,640						23,206						1,026						141,858
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests						—						—						—						(373)						(373)
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders						$	100,986					$	16,640					$	23,206					$	1,399					$	142,231
Average assets						$	23,973,925					$	9,827,130					$	10,391,225					$	(611,932)					$	43,580,348

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Reportable segments reconciliation to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

						Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management and Other1						BOK Financial Consolidated
Net interest revenue from external sources						$	699,239					$	75,353					$	51,054					$	16,984					$	842,630
Net interest revenue (expense) from internal sources						(185,235)						76,925						27,213						81,097						—
Net interest revenue						514,004						152,278						78,267						98,081						842,630
Provision for credit losses						27,574						4,654						(209)						(7,019)						25,000
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses						486,430						147,624						78,476						105,100						817,630
Other operating revenue						128,055						142,780						248,591						(3,641)						515,785
Other operating expense						183,169						171,214						202,579						286,624						843,586
Net direct contribution						431,316						119,190						124,488						(185,165)						489,829
Gain (loss) on financial instruments, net						67						43,416						—						(43,483)						—
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						—						(62,814)						—						62,814						—
Gain (loss) on repossessed assets, net						455						409						—						(864)						—
Corporate expense allocations						31,880						35,369						26,943						(94,192)						—
Net income before taxes						399,958						64,832						97,545						(72,506)						489,829
Federal and state income taxes						107,171						16,513						25,076						(48,834)						99,926
Net income						292,787						48,319						72,469						(23,672)						389,903
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests						—						—						—						(503)						(503)
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders						$	292,787					$	48,319					$	72,469					$	(23,169)					$	390,406
Average assets						$	22,288,960					$	9,142,491					$	9,860,427					$	88,371					$	41,380,249

1 CoBiz operations were included in Funds Management and Other for the first quarter of 2019.

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(10) Fees and Commissions Revenue

Fees and commissions revenue is generated through the sales of products, consisting primarily of financial instruments, and the performance of services for customers under contractual obligations. Revenue from providing services for customers is recognized at the time services are provided in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to for those services. Revenue is recognized based on the application of five steps:

•Identify the contract with a customer

•Identify the performance obligations in the contract

•Determine the transaction price

•Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

•Recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation

For contracts with multiple performance obligations, individual performance obligations are accounted for separately if the customer can benefit from the good or service on its own or with other resources readily available to the customer and the promise to transfer goods and services to the customer is separately identifiable in the contract. The transaction price is allocated to the performance obligations based on relative standalone selling prices.

Revenue is recognized on a gross basis whenever we have primary responsibility and risk in providing the services or products to our customers and have discretion in establishing the price for the services or products. Revenue is recognized on a net basis whenever we act as an agent for products or services of others. 

 

Brokerage and trading revenue includes revenues from trading, customer hedging, retail brokerage and investment banking. Trading revenue includes net realized and unrealized gains primarily related to sales of securities to institutional customers and related derivative contracts. Customer hedging revenue includes realized and unrealized changes in the fair value of derivative contracts held for customer risk management programs including credit valuation adjustments, as necessary. We offer commodity, interest rate, foreign exchange and equity derivatives to our customers. These customer contracts are offset with contracts with selected counterparties and exchanges to minimize changes in market risk from changes in commodity prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates. Retail brokerage revenue represents fees and commissions earned on sales of fixed income securities, annuities, mutual funds and other financial instruments to retail customers. Investment banking revenue includes fees earned upon completion of underwriting and financial advisory services. Investment banking revenue also includes fees earned in conjunction with loan syndications. Insurance brokerage revenues represents fees and commissions earned on placement of insurance products with carriers for property and casualty and health coverage.

 

Transaction card revenue includes merchant discount fees and electronic funds transfer network fees, net of interchange fees paid to card issuers and assessments paid to card networks. Merchant discount fees represent fees paid by customers for account management and electronic processing of card transactions. Merchant discount fees are recognized at the time the customer’s transactions are processed or other services are performed. The Company also maintains the TransFund electronic funds transfer network for the benefit of its members, which includes the Bank. Electronic funds transfer fees are recognized as electronic transactions processed on behalf of its members. 

 

Fiduciary and asset management revenue includes fees from asset management, custody, recordkeeping, investment advisory and administration services. Revenue is recognized on an accrual basis at the time the services are performed and may be based on either the fair value of the account or the service provided.

 

Deposit service charges and fees include commercial account service charges, overdraft fees, check card fee revenue and automated service charge and other deposit service fees. Fees are recognized at least quarterly in accordance with published deposit account agreements and disclosure statements for retail accounts or contractual agreements for commercial accounts. Item charges for overdraft or non-sufficient funds items are recognized as items are presented for payment. Account balance charges and activity fees are accrued monthly and collected in arrears. Commercial account activity fees may be offset by an earnings credit based on account balances. Check card fees represent interchange fees paid by a merchant bank for transactions processed from cards issued by the Company. Check card fees are recognized when transactions are processed.  

Mortgage banking revenue includes revenues recognized in conjunction with the origination, marketing and servicing of conventional and government-sponsored residential mortgage loans. Mortgage production revenue includes net realized gains (losses) on sales of residential mortgage loans in the secondary market and the net change in unrealized gains (losses) on residential mortgage loans held for sale. Mortgage production revenue also includes changes in the fair value of derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments related to residential mortgage loan commitments and forward sales contracts. Mortgage servicing revenue includes servicing fee income and late charges on loans serviced for others.

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Fees and commissions revenue by reportable segment and primary service line is as follows for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

			Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management & Other						Consolidated						Out of Scope1						In Scope2
Trading revenue			$	—					$	—					$	46,890					$	(1)					$	46,889					$	46,889					$	—
Customer hedging revenue			7,999						—						123						520						8,642						8,642						—
Retail brokerage revenue			—						—						3,787						—						3,787						—						3,787
Insurance brokerage revenue			—						—						3,124						—						3,124						—						3,124
Investment banking revenue			2,314						—						4,770						—						7,084						2,280						4,804
Brokerage and trading revenue			10,313						—						58,694						519						69,526						57,811						11,715
TransFund EFT network revenue			18,840						913						(14)						2						19,741						—						19,741
Merchant services revenue			3,019						19						—						—						3,038						—						3,038
Corporate card revenue			583						—						21						82						686						—						686
Transaction card revenue			22,442						932						7						84						23,465						—						23,465
Personal trust revenue			—						—						20,130						—						20,130						—						20,130
Corporate trust revenue			—						—						4,613						—						4,613						—						4,613
Institutional trust & retirement plan services revenue			—						—						11,030						—						11,030						—						11,030
Investment management services and other revenue			—						—						4,198						(40)						4,158						—						4,158
Fiduciary and asset management revenue			—						—						39,971						(40)						39,931						—						39,931
Commercial account service charge revenue			11,209						419						572						—						12,200						—						12,200
Overdraft fee revenue			32						5,411						16						4						5,463						—						5,463
Check card revenue			—						5,565						—						—						5,565						—						5,565
Automated service charge and other deposit fee revenue			27						1,007						24						—						1,058						—						1,058
Deposit service charges and fees			11,268						12,402						612						4						24,286						—						24,286
Mortgage production revenue			—						38,431						—						—						38,431						38,431						—
Mortgage servicing revenue			—						13,952						—						(424)						13,528						13,528						—
Mortgage banking revenue			—						52,383						—						(424)						51,959						51,959						—
Other revenue			6,062						2,257						12,371						(6,992)						13,698						10,427						3,271
Total fees and commissions revenue			$	50,085					$	67,974					$	111,655					$	(6,849)					$	222,865					$	120,197					$	102,668

1     Out of scope revenue generally relates to financial instruments or contractual rights and obligations within the scope of other applicable accounting guidance.

2    In scope revenue represents revenue subject to FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

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Fees and commissions revenue by reportable segment and primary service line is as follows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

			Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management & Other						Consolidated						Out of Scope1						In Scope2
Trading revenue			$	—					$	—					$	125,189					$	—					$	125,189					$	125,189					$	—
Customer hedging revenue			17,417						—						321						368						18,106						18,106						—
Retail brokerage revenue			—						—						11,524						—						11,524						—						11,524
Insurance brokerage revenue			—						—						10,066						—						10,066						—						10,066
Investment banking revenue			5,325						—						12,117						—						17,442						4,959						12,483
Brokerage and trading revenue			22,742						—						159,217						368						182,327						148,254						34,073
TransFund EFT network revenue			56,699						2,300						(42)						4						58,961						—						58,961
Merchant services revenue			7,554						46						—						—						7,600						—						7,600
Corporate card revenue			1,588						—						55						82						1,725						—						1,725
Transaction card revenue			65,841						2,346						13						86						68,286						—						68,286
Personal trust revenue			—						—						62,460						—						62,460						—						62,460
Corporate trust revenue			—						—						15,579						—						15,579						—						15,579
Institutional trust & retirement plan services revenue			—						—						33,510						—						33,510						—						33,510
Investment management services and other revenue			—						—						14,220						(123)						14,097						—						14,097
Fiduciary and asset management revenue			—						—						125,769						(123)						125,646						—						125,646
Commercial account service charge revenue			33,317						1,218						1,715						—						36,250						—						36,250
Overdraft fee revenue			101						16,223						54						7						16,385						—						16,385
Check card revenue			—						15,916						—						—						15,916						—						15,916
Automated service charge and other deposit fee revenue			285						3,572						54						—						3,911						—						3,911
Deposit service charges and fees			33,703						36,929						1,823						7						72,462						—						72,462
Mortgage production revenue			—						99,186						—						—						99,186						99,186						—
Mortgage servicing revenue			—						45,158						—						(1,282)						43,876						43,876						—
Mortgage banking revenue			—						144,344						—						(1,282)						143,062						143,062						—
Other revenue			15,773						6,609						29,471						(14,367)						37,486						27,805						9,681
Total fees and commissions revenue			$	138,059					$	190,228					$	316,293					$	(15,311)					$	629,269					$	319,121					$	310,148

1     Out of scope revenue generally relates to financial instruments or contractual rights and obligations within the scope of other applicable accounting guidance.

2    In scope revenue represents revenue subject to FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

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Fees and commissions revenue by reportable segment and primary service line is as follows for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

			Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management & Other3						Consolidated						Out of Scope1						In Scope2
Trading revenue			$	—					$	—					$	24,091					$	—					$	24,091					$	24,091					$	—
Customer hedging revenue			2,283						—						1,810						591						4,684						4,684						—
Retail brokerage revenue			—						—						4,204						—						4,204						—						4,204
Insurance brokerage revenue			—						—						3,375						(513)						2,862						—						2,862
Investment banking revenue			4,408						—						3,590						1						7,999						3,762						4,237
Brokerage and trading revenue			6,691						—						37,070						79						43,840						32,537						11,303
TransFund EFT network revenue			18,465						1,020						(23)						2						19,464						—						19,464
Merchant services revenue			2,203						14						—						—						2,217						—						2,217
Corporate card revenue			328						—						6						—						334						—						334
Transaction card revenue			20,996						1,034						(17)						2						22,015						—						22,015
Personal trust revenue			—						—						20,239						(1)						20,238						—						20,238
Corporate trust revenue			—						—						6,204						1						6,205						—						6,205
Institutional trust & retirement plan services revenue			—						—						10,740						—						10,740						—						10,740
Investment management services and other revenue			—						—						6,480						(42)						6,438						—						6,438
Fiduciary and asset management revenue			—						—						43,663						(42)						43,621						—						43,621
Commercial account service charge revenue			10,609						467						540						(3)						11,613						—						11,613
Overdraft fee revenue			81						9,603						45						3						9,732						—						9,732
Check card revenue			—						5,721						—						—						5,721						—						5,721
Automated service charge and other deposit fee revenue			197						1,519						53						2						1,771						—						1,771
Deposit service charges and fees			10,887						17,310						638						2						28,837						—						28,837
Mortgage production revenue			—						13,815						—						(1)						13,814						13,814						—
Mortgage servicing revenue			—						16,828						—						(462)						16,366						16,366						—
Mortgage banking revenue			—						30,643						—						(463)						30,180						30,180						—
Other revenue			7,585						2,474						8,068						(501)						17,626						11,812						5,814
Total fees and commissions revenue			$	46,159					$	51,461					$	89,422					$	(923)					$	186,119					$	74,529					$	111,590

1     Out of scope revenue generally relates to financial instruments or contractual rights and obligations within the scope of other applicable accounting guidance.

2    In scope revenue represents revenue subject to FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

3    CoBiz operations are included in Funds Management and Other for the first quarter of 2019.

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Fees and commissions revenue by reportable segment and primary service line is as follows for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

			Commercial						Consumer						Wealth Management						Funds Management & Other3						Consolidated						Out of Scope1						In Scope2
Trading revenue			$	—					$	—					$	58,890					$	—					$	58,890					$	58,890					$	—
Customer hedging revenue			6,243						—						9,444						1,019						16,706						16,706						—
Retail brokerage revenue			—						—						12,192						(65)						12,127						—						12,127
Insurance brokerage revenue			—						—						7,063						3,729						10,792						—						10,792
Investment banking revenue			8,345						—						9,123						—						17,468						7,189						10,279
Brokerage and trading revenue			14,588						—						96,712						4,683						115,983						82,785						33,198
TransFund EFT network revenue			54,623						2,975						(60)						3						57,541						—						57,541
Merchant services revenue			6,351						43						—						122						6,516						—						6,516
Corporate card revenue			598						—						11						2						611						—						611
Transaction card revenue			61,572						3,018						(49)						127						64,668						—						64,668
Personal trust revenue			—						—						61,028						—						61,028						—						61,028
Corporate trust revenue			—						—						18,736						—						18,736						—						18,736
Institutional trust & retirement plan services revenue			—						—						32,919						—						32,919						—						32,919
Investment management services and other revenue			—						—						17,730						1,591						19,321						—						19,321
Fiduciary and asset management revenue			—						—						130,413						1,591						132,004						—						132,004
Commercial account service charge revenue			31,296						1,283						1,605						1,804						35,988						—						35,988
Overdraft fee revenue			248						26,971						108						(231)						27,096						—						27,096
Check card revenue			—						16,299						—						165						16,464						—						16,464
Automated service charge and other deposit fee revenue			569						4,762						228						47						5,606						—						5,606
Deposit service charges and fees			32,113						49,315						1,941						1,785						85,154						—						85,154
Mortgage production revenue			—						33,554						—						(3)						33,551						33,551						—
Mortgage servicing revenue			—						50,014						—						(1,420)						48,594						48,594						—
Mortgage banking revenue			—						83,568						—						(1,423)						82,145						82,145						—
Other revenue			17,037						7,211						19,586						(1,009)						42,825						28,655						14,170
Total fees and commissions revenue			$	125,310					$	143,112					$	248,603					$	5,754					$	522,779					$	193,585					$	329,194

1     Out of scope revenue generally relates to financial instruments or contractual rights and obligations within the scope of other applicable accounting guidance.

2    In scope revenue represents revenue subject to FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

3    CoBiz operations are included in Funds Management and Other for the first quarter of 2019.

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(11) Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined by applicable accounting guidance as the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal market for the given asset or liability at the measurement date based on market conditions at that date. An orderly transaction assumes exposure to the market for a customary period for marketing activities prior to the measurement date and not a forced liquidation or distressed sale. Certain assets and liabilities are recorded in the Company’s financial statements at fair value. Some are recorded on a recurring basis and some on a non-recurring basis.

For some assets and liabilities, observable market transactions and market information might be available. For other assets and liabilities, observable market transactions and market information might not be available. A hierarchy for fair value has been established which categorizes into three levels the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The three levels are as follows:

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1) - Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) - Fair value is based on significant other observable inputs which are generally determined based on a single price for each financial instrument provided to us by an applicable third-party pricing service and is based on one or more of the following:

•Quoted prices for similar, but not identical, assets or liabilities in active markets;

•Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;

•Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, such as interest rate and yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates;

•Other inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market inputs.

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) - Fair value is based upon model-based valuation techniques for which at least one significant assumption is not observable in the market.

Transfers between levels are recognized as of the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers in or out of quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments to significant other observable inputs or significant unobservable inputs during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Transfers between significant other observable inputs and significant unobservable inputs during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are included in the summary of changes in recurring fair values measured using unobservable inputs.

The underlying methods used by the third-party pricing services are considered in determining the primary inputs used to determine fair values. Management has evaluated the methodologies employed by the third-party pricing services by comparing the price provided by the pricing service with other sources, including brokers' quotes, sales or purchases of similar instruments and discounted cash flows to establish a basis for reliance on the pricing service values. Significant differences between the pricing service provided value and other sources are discussed with the pricing service to understand the basis for their values. Based on all observable inputs, management may adjust prices obtained from third-party pricing services to more appropriately reflect the prices that would be received to sell assets or paid to transfer liabilities in orderly transactions in the current market. No significant adjustments were made to prices provided by third-party pricing services at September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The fair value of financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis was as follows as of September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

						Total						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments (Level 1)						Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)						Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Trading securities:
U.S. government agency debentures						$	5,181					$	—					$	5,181					$	—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						2,150,759						—						2,150,759						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						30,533						—						30,533						—
Other trading securities						59,007						—						59,007						—
Total trading securities						2,245,480						—						2,245,480						—
Available for sale securities:
U.S. Treasury						509						509						—						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						51,601						—						51,601						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						9,384,998						—						9,384,998						—
Residential non-agency mortgage-backed securities						34,873						—						34,873						—
Commercial agency mortgage-backed securities						3,334,409						—						3,334,409						—
Other debt securities						10,879						—						10,407						472
Total available for sale securities						12,817,269						509						12,816,288						472
Fair value option securities – Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						134,756						—						134,756						—
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						295,290						—						286,785						8,505
Mortgage servicing rights1						97,644						—						—						97,644
Derivative contracts, net of cash collateral2						593,568						11,713						581,855						—
Liabilities:
Derivative contracts, net of cash collateral2						446,328						—						446,328						—

1A reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value of mortgage servicing rights and disclosures of significant assumptions used to determine fair value are presented in Note 5, Mortgage Banking Activities.

2See Note 3 for detail of fair value of derivative contracts by contract type. Derivative contracts in asset positions that were valued based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are primarily exchange-traded interest rate derivative contracts. Derivative contracts in liability positions that were valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments are exchange-traded interest rate, energy and agricultural derivative contracts, fully offset by cash margin.

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The fair value of financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis was as follows as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

						Total						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments (Level 1)						Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)						Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Trading securities:
U.S. government agency debentures						$	44,264					$	—					$	44,264					$	—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						1,504,651						—						1,504,651						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						26,196						—						26,196						—
Asset-backed securities						14,084						—						14,084						—
Other trading securities						34,726						—						34,726						—
Total trading securities						1,623,921						—						1,623,921						—
Available for sale securities:
U.S. Treasury						1,600						1,600						—						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						1,861						—						1,861						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						8,046,096						—						8,046,096						—
Residential non-agency mortgage-backed securities						41,609						—						41,609						—
Commercial agency mortgage-backed securities						3,178,005						—						3,178,005						—
Other debt securities						472						—						—						472
Total available for sale securities						11,269,643						1,600						11,267,571						472
Fair value option securities:
U.S. Treasury						9,917						9,917						—						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						1,088,660						—						1,088,660						—
Total fair value option securities						1,098,577						9,917						1,088,660						—
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						182,271						—						173,958						8,313
Mortgage servicing rights1						201,886						—						—						201,886
Derivative contracts, net of cash collateral2						323,375						8,944						314,431						—
Liabilities:
Derivative contracts, net of cash collateral2						251,128						—						251,128						—

1A reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value of mortgage servicing rights and disclosures of significant assumptions used to determine fair value are presented in Note 5, Mortgage Banking Activities.

2See Note 3 for detail of fair value of derivative contracts by contract type. Derivative contracts based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded interest rate and energy derivative contracts, net of cash margin. Derivative contracts in liability positions that were valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1) are exchange-traded interest rate and agricultural contracts, fully offset by cash margin.

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Following is a description of the Company's valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis:

Securities

The fair values of trading, available for sale and fair value option securities are based on quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets, when available. If quoted prices for identical instruments are not available, fair values are based on significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices of comparable instruments or interest rates and credit spreads, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds and loss severities. The Company has elected to carry all residential mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by U.S. government agencies held as economic hedges against changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings.

The fair value of certain available for sale municipal and other debt securities may be based on significant unobservable inputs. These significant unobservable inputs include limited observed trades, projected cash flows, current credit rating of the issuers and, when applicable, the insurers of the debt and observed trades of similar debt. Discount rates are primarily based on references to interest rate spreads on comparable securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally-recognized rating agencies adjusted for a lack of trading volume. Significant unobservable inputs are developed by investment securities professionals involved in the active trading of similar securities. A summary of significant inputs used to value these securities follows. A management committee composed of senior members from the Company's Capital Markets, Risk Management and Finance departments assesses the appropriateness of these inputs quarterly.

Derivatives

All derivative instruments are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. Fair values for exchange-traded contracts are based on quoted prices. Fair values for over-the-counter interest rate, commodity and foreign exchange contracts are based on valuations provided either by third-party dealers in the contracts, quotes provided by independent pricing services, or a third-party provided pricing model that uses significant other observable market inputs.

Credit risk is considered in determining the fair value of derivative instruments. Management determines fair value adjustments based on various risk factors including but not limited to current fair value, probability of default and loss given default.

We also consider our own credit risk in determining the fair value of derivative contracts. Changes in our credit rating would affect the fair value of our derivative liabilities. In the event of a credit downgrade, the fair value of our derivative liabilities would increase.

Residential Mortgage Loans Held for Sale

Residential mortgage loans held for sale are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. The Company has elected to carry all residential mortgage loans originated for sale at fair value. Changes in the fair value of these financial instruments are recognized in earnings. The fair values of residential mortgage loans held for sale are based upon quoted market prices of such loans sold in securitization transactions, including related unfunded loan commitments and forward sales contracts. The fair value of mortgage loans that were unable to be sold to U.S. government agencies were determined using quoted prices of loans that are sold in securitization transactions with a liquidity discount applied.

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The following represents the changes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (in thousands):

												Available for sale - Other debt securities						Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Balance, June 30, 2020												$	472					$	9,685
Transfer to Level 3 from Level 21												—						304
Purchases												—						—
Proceeds from sales												—						(1,612)
Redemptions and distributions												—						—
Gain (loss) recognized in earnings:
Mortgage banking revenue												—						128
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)												—						—
Balance, September 30, 2020												$	472					$	8,505

1     Recurring transfers to Level 3 from Level 2 consist of residential mortgage loans intended for sale to U.S. government agencies that fail to meet conforming standards.

												Available for sale - Other debt securities						Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Balance, December 31, 2019												$	472					$	8,313
Transfer to Level 3 from Level 21												—						3,896
Purchases												—						—
Proceeds from sales												—						(3,200)
Redemptions and distributions												—						—
Gain (loss) recognized in earnings:
Mortgage banking revenue												—						(504)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)												—						—
Balance, September 30, 2020												$	472					$	8,505

1     Recurring transfers to Level 3 from Level 2 consist of residential mortgage loans intended for sale to U.S. government agencies that fail to meet conforming standards.

The following represents the changes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 related to assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (in thousands):

												Available for sale - Other debt securities						Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Balance, June 30, 2019												$	472					$	16,073
Transfer to Level 3 from Level 21												—						261
Purchases												—						—
Proceeds from sales												—						(3,152)
Redemptions and distributions												—						—
Gain (loss) recognized in earnings:
Mortgage banking revenue												—						386
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)												—						—
Balance, September 30, 2019												$	472					$	13,568

1     Recurring transfers to Level 3 from Level 2 consist of residential mortgage loans intended for sale to U.S. government agencies that fail to meet conforming standards.

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												Available for sale - Other debt securities						Residential mortgage loans held for sale
Balance, Dec. 31, 2018												$	472					$	15,207
Transfer to Level 3 from Level 21												—						2,150
Purchases												—						—
Proceeds from sales												—						(4,531)
Redemptions and distributions												—						—
Gain (loss) recognized in earnings
Mortgage banking revenue												—						742
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net change in unrealized gain (loss)												—						—
Balance, September 30, 2019												$	472					$	13,568

1     Recurring transfers to Level 3 from Level 2 consist of residential mortgage loans intended for sale to U.S. government agencies that fail to meet conforming standards.

A summary of quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) as of September 30, 2020 follows (in thousands):

																		Fair Value						Valuation Technique(s)						Unobservable Input						Range (Weighted Average)
Available for sale securities – Other debt securities																		$	472					Discounted cash flows			1			Interest rate spread						5.61%-5.61% (5.61%)			3
									94.32%-94.32% (94.32%)			2
Residential mortgage loans held for sale																		8,505						Quoted prices of loans sold in securitization transactions, with a liquidity discount applied						Liquidity discount applied to the market value of mortgage loans qualifying for sale to U.S. government agencies.						90.24%

1Discounted cash flows developed using discount rates primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads for comparable securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally-recognized rating agencies, adjusted for lack of trading volume.

2Represents fair value as a percentage of par value.

3Interest rate yields used to value investment grade taxable securities based on comparable short-term taxable securities which are generally yielding less than 2 percent.

A summary of quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) as of December 31, 2019 follows (in thousands):

																		Fair Value						Valuation Technique(s)						Unobservable Input						Range (Weighted Average)
Available for sale securities – Other debt securities																		$	472					Discounted cash flows			1			Interest rate spread						7.08%-7.08% (7.08%)			3
									94.40%-94.40% (94.40%)			2
Residential mortgage loans held for sale																		8,313						Quoted prices of loans sold in securitization transactions, with a liquidity discount applied						Liquidity discount applied to the market value of mortgage loans qualifying for sale to U.S. government agencies.						95.23%

1Discounted cash flows developed using discount rates primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads for comparable securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally-recognized rating agencies, adjusted for lack of trading volume

2Represents fair value as a percentage of par value.

3Interest rate yields used to value investment grade taxable securities based on comparable short-term taxable securities which are generally yielding less than 3 percent.

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Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Non-Recurring Basis

Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include collateral for certain nonaccruing loans and real property and other assets acquired to satisfy loans, which are based primarily on comparisons to completed sales of similar assets.

The following represents the carrying value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis (and related losses) during the period. The carrying value represents only those assets with a balance at September 30, 2020 for which the fair value was adjusted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020:

																					Fair Value Adjustments for the
			Carrying Value at September 30, 2020																		Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2020 Recognized in:												Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2020 Recognized in:
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments						Significant Other Observable Inputs						Significant Unobservable Inputs						Gross charge-offs against allowance for loan losses						Net losses (gains) and operating expenses of repossessed assets						Gross charge-offs against allowance for loan losses						Net losses (gains) and operating expenses of repossessed assets
Nonaccruing loans			$	—					$	396					$	13,001					$	6,371					$	—					$	28,624					$	—
Real estate and other repossessed assets			—						16,828						2,993						—						(4,370)						—						(4,452)

 

The following represents the carrying value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis (and related losses) during the period. The carrying value represents only those assets with a balance at September 30, 2019 for which the fair value was adjusted during the nine months ended September 30, 2019:

																					Fair Value Adjustments for the
			Carrying Value at September 30, 2019																		Three Months Ended Sept. 30, 2019 Recognized in:												Nine Months Ended Sept. 30, 2019 Recognized in:
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments						Significant Other Observable Inputs						Significant Unobservable Inputs						Gross charge-offs against allowance for loan losses						Net losses (gains) and operating expenses of repossessed assets						Gross charge-offs against allowance for loan losses						Net losses (gains) and operating expenses of repossessed assets
Nonaccruing loans			$	—					$	79					$	9,810					$	2,644					$	—					$	13,868					$	—
Real estate and other repossessed assets			—						5,044						936						—						(979)						—						(532)

The fair value of collateral-dependent nonaccruing loans secured by real estate and real estate and other repossessed assets and the related fair value adjustments are generally based on unadjusted third-party appraisals. Our appraisal review policies require appraised values to be supported by observed inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. Appraisals that are not based on observable inputs or that require significant adjustments or fair value measurements that are not based on third-party appraisals are considered to be based on significant unobservable inputs. Non-recurring fair value measurements of collateral-dependent nonaccruing loans and real estate and other repossessed assets based on significant unobservable inputs are generally due to estimates of current fair values between appraisal dates. Significant unobservable inputs include listing prices for the same or comparable assets, uncorroborated expert opinions or management's knowledge of the collateral or industry. Non-recurring fair value measurements of collateral dependent loans secured by mineral rights are generally determined by our internal staff of engineers on projected cash flows under current market conditions and are based on significant unobservable inputs. Projected cash flows are discounted according to risk characteristics of the underlying oil and gas properties. Assets are evaluated to demonstrate with reasonable certainty that crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids can be recovered from known oil and gas reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions at current prices with existing conventional equipment, operating methods and costs. Significant unobservable inputs are developed by asset management and workout professionals and approved by senior Credit Administration executives.

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A summary of quantitative information about Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) as of September 30, 2020 follows (in thousands):

Fair Value

Valuation Technique(s)

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted Average)

Nonaccruing loans

$

13,001

Discounted cash flows

Management knowledge of industry and non-real estate collateral including but not limited to recoverable oil and gas reserves, forward-looking commodity prices, estimated operating costs

0% - 73% (18%)1

Real estate and other repossessed assets

2,993

Discounted cash flows

Management knowledge of industry and non-real estate collateral including but not limited to recoverable oil and gas reserves, forward-looking commodity prices, estimated operating costs

N/A

1 Represents fair value as a percentage of the unpaid principal balance.

A summary of quantitative information about Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements based on Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) as of September 30, 2019 follows (in thousands):

Fair Value

Valuation Technique(s)

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted Average)

Nonaccruing loans

$

9,810

Discounted cash flows

Management knowledge of industry and non-real estate collateral including but not limited to recoverable oil and gas reserves, forward-looking commodity prices, estimated operating costs

8% - 76% (28%)1

Real estate and other repossessed assets

936

Appraised value, as adjusted

Marketability adjustments off appraised value2

75% - 89% (85%)

1 Represents fair value as a percentage of the unpaid principal balance.

2    Marketability adjustments include consideration of estimated costs to sell which is approximately 10% of the fair value.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of all financial instruments, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 (dollars in thousands):

						Carrying Value						Estimated Fair Value						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments (Level 1)						Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)						Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash and due from banks						$	658,612					$	658,612					$	658,612					$	—					$	—
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents						347,759						347,759						347,759						—						—
Trading securities:
U.S. government agency debentures						5,181						5,181						—						5,181						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						2,150,759						2,150,759						—						2,150,759						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						30,533						30,533						—						30,533						—
Other trading securities						59,007						59,007						—						59,007						—
Total trading securities						2,245,480						2,245,480						—						2,245,480						—
Investment securities:
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						76,109						80,368						—						80,368						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						9,317						10,219						—						10,219						—
Other debt securities						171,314						194,342						—						7,376						186,966
Total investment securities						256,740						284,929						—						97,963						186,966
Allowance for credit losses						(739)						—						—						—						—
Investment securities, net of allowance						256,001						284,929						—						97,963						186,966
Available for sale securities:
U.S. Treasury						509						509						509						—						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						51,601						51,601						—						51,601						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						9,384,998						9,384,998						—						9,384,998						—
Residential non-agency mortgage-backed securities						34,873						34,873						—						34,873						—
Commercial agency mortgage-backed securities						3,334,409						3,334,409						—						3,334,409						—
Other debt securities						10,879						10,879						—						10,407						472
Total available for sale securities						12,817,269						12,817,269						509						12,816,288						472
Fair value option securities – Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						134,756						134,756						—						134,756						—
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						295,290						295,290						—						286,785						8,505
Loans:
Commercial						13,565,706						13,500,846						—						—						13,500,846
Commercial real estate						4,693,700						4,673,857						—						—						4,673,857
Paycheck protection program						2,097,325						2,070,466						—						—						2,070,466
Loans to individuals						3,446,569						3,452,042						—						—						3,452,042
Total loans						23,803,300						23,697,211						—						—						23,697,211
Allowance for loan losses						(419,777)						—						—						—						—
Loans, net of allowance						23,383,523						23,697,211						—						—						23,697,211
Mortgage servicing rights						97,644						97,644						—						—						97,644
Derivative instruments with positive fair value, net of cash collateral						593,568						593,568						11,713						581,855						—
Deposits with no stated maturity						32,965,027						32,965,027						—						—						32,965,027
Time deposits						2,007,973						2,019,474						—						—						2,019,474
Other borrowed funds						3,745,081						3,741,686						—						—						3,741,686
Subordinated debentures						275,986						269,083						—						269,083						—
Derivative instruments with negative fair value, net of cash collateral						446,328						446,328						—						446,328						—

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The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of all financial instruments, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

						Carrying Value						Estimated Fair Value						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Instruments (Level 1)						Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)						Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Cash and due from banks						$	735,836					$	735,836					$	735,836					$	—					$	—
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents						522,985						522,985						522,985						—						—
Trading securities:
U.S. government agency debentures						44,264						44,264						—						44,264						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						1,504,651						1,504,651						—						1,504,651						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						26,196						26,196						—						26,196						—
Asset-backed securities						14,084						14,084						—						14,084						—
Other trading securities						34,726						34,726						—						34,726						—
Total trading securities						1,623,921						1,623,921						—						1,623,921						—
Investment securities:
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						93,653						96,897						—						96,897						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						10,676						11,164						—						11,164						—
Other debt securities						189,089						206,341						—						8,206						198,135
Total investment securities						293,418						314,402						—						116,267						198,135
Available for sale securities:
U.S. Treasury						1,600						1,600						1,600						—						—
Municipal and other tax-exempt securities						1,861						1,861						—						1,861						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						8,046,096						8,046,096						—						8,046,096						—
Residential non-agency mortgage-backed securities						41,609						41,609						—						41,609						—
Commercial agency mortgage-backed securities						3,178,005						3,178,005						—						3,178,005						—
Other debt securities						472						472						—						—						472
Total available for sale securities						11,269,643						11,269,643						1,600						11,267,571						472
Fair value option securities:
U.S. Treasury						9,917						9,917						9,917						—						—
Residential agency mortgage-backed securities						1,088,660						1,088,660						—						1,088,660						—
Total fair value option securities						1,098,577						1,098,577						9,917						1,088,660						—
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						182,271						182,271						—						173,958						8,313
Loans:
Commercial						14,031,650						13,966,221						—						—						13,966,221
Commercial real estate						4,433,783						4,422,717						—						—						4,422,717
Residential mortgage						2,084,172						2,098,093						—						—						2,098,093
Personal						1,201,382						1,202,298						—						—						1,202,298
Total loans						21,750,987						21,689,329						—						—						21,689,329
Allowance for loan losses						(210,759)						—						—						—						—
Loans, net of allowance						21,540,228						21,689,329						—						—						21,689,329
Mortgage servicing rights						201,886						201,886						—						—						201,886
Derivative instruments with positive fair value, net of cash collateral						323,375						323,375						8,944						314,431						—
Deposits with no stated maturity						25,403,319						25,403,319						—						—						25,403,319
Time deposits						2,217,849						2,212,467						—						—						2,212,467
Other borrowed funds						8,345,405						8,315,860						—						—						8,315,860
Subordinated debentures						275,923						284,627						—						284,627						—
Derivative instruments with negative fair value, net of cash collateral						251,128						251,128						—						251,128						—

Because no market exists for certain of these financial instruments and management does not intend to sell these financial instruments, the fair values shown in the tables above may not represent values at which the respective financial instruments could be sold individually or in the aggregate at the given reporting date.

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(12) Subsequent Events

The Company evaluated events from the date of the consolidated financial statements on September 30, 2020 through the issuance of those consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. No events were identified requiring recognition in and/or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

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Nine-Month Financial Summary – Unaudited

Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates

(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data)						Nine Months Ended
						September 30, 2020																		September 30, 2019
						Average Balance						Revenue/ Expense						Yield/ Rate						Average Balance						Revenue/ Expense						Yield/ Rate
Assets
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents						$	631,203					$	2,672					0.57		%				$	524,603					$	9,879					2.52		%
Trading securities						1,798,767						32,094						2.41		%				1,806,438						48,945						3.66		%
Investment securities						270,018						9,689						4.78		%				326,489						10,917						4.46		%
Available for sale securities						12,243,049						200,519						2.29		%				9,695,550						184,409						2.60		%
Fair value option securities						987,145						17,804						2.39		%				1,019,182						23,448						3.10		%
Restricted equity securities						281,986						8,687						4.11		%				428,973						20,419						6.35		%
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						210,484						4,848						3.15		%				180,367						5,308						3.93		%
Loans						23,386,976						681,469						3.89		%				22,063,499						867,722						5.26		%
Allowance for loan losses						(353,574)																		(204,430)
Loans, net of allowance						23,033,402						681,469						3.95		%				21,859,069						867,722						5.31		%
Total earning assets						39,456,054						957,782						3.29		%				35,840,671						1,171,047						4.40		%
Receivable on unsettled securities sales						4,080,342																		1,470,217
Cash and other assets						4,602,974																		4,069,361
Total assets						$	48,139,370																	$	41,380,249
Liabilities and equity
Interest-bearing deposits:
Transaction						$	17,990,429					$	53,377					0.40		%				$	12,529,517					$	95,957					1.02		%
Savings						642,773						298						0.06		%				552,535						523						0.13		%
Time						2,318,101						24,887						1.43		%				2,204,517						31,037						1.88		%
Total interest-bearing deposits						20,951,303						78,562						0.50		%				15,286,569						127,517						1.12		%
Funds purchased and repurchase agreements						4,133,243						14,079						0.45		%				2,405,981						36,791						2.04		%
Other borrowings						4,480,085						35,558						1.06		%				7,450,707						143,804						2.58		%
Subordinated debentures						275,954						10,567						5.11		%				276,129						11,359						5.50		%
Total interest-bearing liabilities						29,840,585						138,766						0.62		%				25,419,386						319,471						1.68		%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits						10,887,775																		9,876,418
Due on unsettled securities purchases						1,123,319																		674,909
Other liabilities						1,239,723																		789,256
Total equity						5,047,968																		4,620,280
Total liabilities and equity						$	48,139,370																	$	41,380,249
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue												$	819,016					2.67		%										$	851,576					2.72		%
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to Earning Assets																		2.81		%																3.20		%
Less tax-equivalent adjustment												7,802																		8,946
Net Interest Revenue												811,214																		842,630
Provision for credit losses												229,092																		25,000
Other operating revenue												647,171																		515,785
Other operating expense												865,276																		843,586
Income before taxes												364,017																		489,829
Federal and state income taxes												83,655																		99,926
Net income												280,362																		389,903
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests												(444)																		(503)
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders												$	280,806																	$	390,406
Earnings Per Average Common Share Equivalent:
Net income:
Basic												$	3.99																	$	5.47
Diluted												$	3.99																	$	5.47

Yield calculations are shown on a tax equivalent at the statutory federal and state rates for the periods presented. The yield calculations exclude security trades that have been recorded on trade date with no corresponding interest income and the unrealized gains and losses. The yield calculation also includes average loan balances for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and are net of unearned income. Yield / rate calculations are generally based on the conventions that determine how interest income and expense is accrued.

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Quarterly Financial Summary – Unaudited

Consolidated Daily Average Balances, Average Yields and Rates

(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data)						Three Months Ended
						September 30, 2020																		June 30, 2020
						Average Balance						Revenue/ Expense						Yield/ Rate						Average Balance						Revenue/ Expense						Yield/ Rate
Assets
Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents						$	553,070					$	167					0.12		%				$	619,737					$	112					0.07		%
Trading securities						1,834,160						8,766						1.92		%				1,871,647						11,473						2.46		%
Investment securities, net of allowance						258,965						3,141						4.85		%				268,947						3,210						4.77		%
Available for sale securities						12,580,850						62,433						2.11		%				12,480,065						68,358						2.29		%
Fair value option securities						387,784						1,986						1.92		%				786,757						4,110						2.00		%
Restricted equity securities						144,415						913						2.53		%				273,922						1,880						2.75		%
Residential mortgage loans held for sale						213,125						1,585						3.01		%				288,588						2,140						3.10		%
Loans						24,110,463						218,125						3.60		%				24,099,492						217,731						3.63		%
Allowance for loan losses						(441,831)																		(367,583)
Loans, net of allowance						23,668,632						218,125						3.67		%				23,731,909						217,731						3.69		%
Total earning assets						39,641,001						297,116						3.04		%				40,321,572						309,014						3.12		%
Receivable on unsettled securities sales						4,563,301																		4,626,307
Cash and other assets						4,727,453																		4,809,152
Total assets						$	48,931,755																	$	49,757,031
Liabilities and equity
Interest-bearing deposits:
Transaction						$	19,752,106					$	8,199					0.17		%				$	18,040,170					$	9,321					0.21		%
Savings						707,121						88						0.05		%				656,669						84						0.05		%
Time						2,251,012						6,371						1.13		%				2,464,793						8,340						1.36		%
Total interest-bearing deposits						22,710,239						14,658						0.26		%				21,161,632						17,745						0.34		%
Funds purchased and repurchase agreements						2,782,150						1,199						0.17		%				5,816,484						2,042						0.14		%
Other borrowings						3,382,688						3,657						0.43		%				3,527,303						4,954						0.56		%
Subordinated debentures						275,980						3,395						4.89		%				275,949						3,539						5.16		%
Total interest-bearing liabilities						29,151,057						22,909						0.31		%				30,781,368						28,280						0.37		%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits						11,929,694																		11,489,322
Due on unsettled securities purchases						1,516,880																		887,973
Other liabilities						1,171,064																		1,526,754
Total equity						5,163,060																		5,071,614
Total liabilities and equity						$	48,931,755																	$	49,757,031
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue												$	274,207					2.73		%										$	280,734					2.75		%
Tax-equivalent Net Interest Revenue to Earning Assets																		2.81		%																2.83		%
Less tax-equivalent adjustment												2,457																		2,630
Net Interest Revenue												271,750																		278,104
Provision for credit losses												—																		135,321
Other operating revenue												234,159																		232,693
Other operating expense												301,265																		295,387
Income before taxes												204,644																		80,089
Federal and state income taxes												50,552																		15,803
Net income												154,092																		64,286
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests												58																		(407)
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corp. shareholders												$	154,034																	$	64,693
Earnings Per Average Common Share Equivalent:
Basic												$	2.19																	$	0.92
Diluted												$	2.19																	$	0.92

Yield calculations are shown on a tax equivalent at the statutory federal and state rates for the periods presented. The yield calculations exclude security trades that have been recorded on trade date with no corresponding interest income and the unrealized gains and losses. The yield calculation also includes average loan balances for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued and are net of unearned income. Yield / rate calculations are generally based on the conventions that determine how interest income and expense is accrued.

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Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020																		December 31, 2019																		September 30, 2019
Average Balance						Revenue /Expense						Yield / Rate						Average Balance						Revenue / Expense						Yield / Rate						Average Balance						Revenue / Expense						Yield / Rate
$	721,659					$	2,393					1.33		%				$	573,203					$	2,335					1.62		%				$	500,823					$	3,050					2.42		%
1,690,104						11,855						2.89		%				1,672,426						13,015						3.19		%				1,696,568						14,546						3.49		%
282,265						3,338						4.73		%				298,567						3,500						4.69		%				308,090						3,434						4.46		%
11,664,521						69,728						2.48		%				11,333,524						69,692						2.52		%				10,747,439						67,640						2.60		%
1,793,480						11,708						2.67		%				1,521,528						9,488						2.62		%				1,553,879						10,708						2.79		%
429,133						5,894						5.49		%				479,687						6,441						5.37		%				476,781						7,558						6.34		%
129,708						1,123						3.50		%				203,535						1,797						3.55		%				203,319						1,891						3.73		%
21,943,023						245,613						4.50		%				22,236,000						266,315						4.75		%				22,412,918						289,316						5.12		%
(250,338)																		(205,417)																		(201,714)
21,692,685						245,613						4.55		%				22,030,583						266,315						4.80		%				22,211,204						289,316						5.17		%
38,403,555						351,652						3.73		%				38,113,053						372,583						3.93		%				37,698,103						398,143						4.25		%
3,046,111																		1,973,604																		1,742,794
4,270,952																		4,126,697																		4,139,451
$	45,720,618																	$	44,213,354																	$	43,580,348
$	16,159,654					$	35,857					0.89		%				$	14,685,385					$	36,897					1.00		%				$	13,131,542					$	35,713					1.08		%
563,821						126						0.09		%				554,605						154						0.11		%				557,122						190						0.14		%
2,239,234						10,176						1.83		%				2,247,717						10,970						1.94		%				2,251,800						11,014						1.94		%
18,962,709						46,159						0.98		%				17,487,707						48,021						1.09		%				15,940,464						46,917						1.17		%
3,815,941						10,838						1.14		%				4,120,610						16,212						1.56		%				3,106,163						15,731						2.01		%
6,542,325						26,947						1.66		%				6,247,194						31,621						2.01		%				8,125,023						49,650						2.42		%
275,932						3,633						5.30		%				275,916						3,754						5.40		%				275,900						3,813						5.48		%
29,596,907						87,577						1.19		%				28,131,427						99,608						1.40		%				27,447,550						116,111						1.68		%
9,232,859																		9,612,533																		9,759,710
960,780																		784,174																		745,893
1,022,106																		837,732																		847,195
4,907,966																		4,847,488																		4,780,000
$	45,720,618																	$	44,213,354																	$	43,580,348
						$	264,075					2.54		%										$	272,975					2.53		%										$	282,032					2.57		%
												2.80		%																2.88		%																3.01		%
						2,715																		2,726																		2,936
						261,360																		270,249																		279,096
						93,771																		19,000																		12,000
						180,319																		178,585																		186,450
						268,624																		288,795																		279,292
						79,284																		141,039																		174,254
						17,300																		30,257																		32,396
						61,984																		110,782																		141,858
						(95)																		430																		(373)
						$	62,079																	$	110,352																	$	142,231
						$	0.88																	$	1.56																	$	2.00
						$	0.88																	$	1.56																	$	2.00

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Quarterly Earnings Trends – Unaudited

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

						Three Months Ended
						Sept. 30, 2020						June 30, 2020						Mar. 31, 2020						Dec. 31, 2019						Sept. 30, 2019
Interest revenue						$	294,659					$	306,384					$	348,937					$	369,857					$	395,207
Interest expense						22,909						28,280						87,577						99,608						116,111
Net interest revenue						271,750						278,104						261,360						270,249						279,096
Provision for credit losses						—						135,321						93,771						19,000						12,000
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses						271,750						142,783						167,589						251,249						267,096
Other operating revenue
Brokerage and trading revenue						69,526						62,022						50,779						43,843						43,840
Transaction card revenue						23,465						22,940						21,881						22,548						22,015
Fiduciary and asset management revenue						39,931						41,257						44,458						45,021						43,621
Deposit service charges and fees						24,286						22,046						26,130						27,331						28,837
Mortgage banking revenue						51,959						53,936						37,167						25,396						30,180
Other revenue						13,698						11,479						12,309						15,283						17,626
Total fees and commissions						222,865						213,680						192,724						179,422						186,119
Other gains (losses), net						6,265						6,768						(10,741)						(1,649)						4,544
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net						2,354						21,885						18,420						(4,644)						3,778
Gain (loss) on fair value option securities, net						(754)						(14,459)						68,393						(8,328)						4,597
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights						3,441						(761)						(88,480)						9,297						(12,593)
Gain (loss) on available for sale securities, net						(12)						5,580						3						4,487						5
Total other operating revenue						234,159						232,693						180,319						178,585						186,450
Other operating expense
Personnel						179,860						176,235						156,181						168,422						162,573
Business promotion						2,633						1,935						6,215						8,787						8,859
Charitable contributions to BOKF Foundation						—						3,000						—						2,000						—
Professional fees and services						14,074						12,161						12,948						13,408						12,312
Net occupancy and equipment						28,111						30,675						26,061						26,316						27,558
Insurance						5,848						5,156						4,980						5,393						4,220
Data processing and communications						34,751						32,942						32,743						31,884						31,915
Printing, postage and supplies						3,482						3,502						4,272						3,700						3,825
Net losses and operating expenses of repossessed assets						6,244						1,766						1,531						2,403						1,728
Amortization of intangible assets						5,071						5,190						5,094						5,225						5,064
Mortgage banking costs						15,803						15,598						10,545						14,259						14,975
Other expense						5,388						7,227						8,054						6,998						6,263
Total other operating expense						301,265						295,387						268,624						288,795						279,292
Net income before taxes						204,644						80,089						79,284						141,039						174,254
Federal and state income taxes						50,552						15,803						17,300						30,257						32,396
Net income						154,092						64,286						61,984						110,782						141,858
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests						58						(407)						(95)						430						(373)
Net income attributable to BOK Financial Corporation shareholders						$	154,034					$	64,693					$	62,079					$	110,352					$	142,231
Earnings per share:
Basic						$2.19						$0.92						$0.88						$1.56						$2.00
Diluted						$2.19						$0.92						$0.88						$1.56						$2.00
Average shares used in computation:
Basic						69,877,866						69,876,043						70,123,685						70,295,899						70,596,307
Diluted						69,879,290						69,877,467						70,130,166						70,309,644						70,609,924

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PART II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

 

See discussion of legal proceedings at Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following risk factor supplements the “Risk Factors” section in Item 1A of our 2019 Form 10-K.

Our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) pandemic has created economic and financial disruptions that have adversely affected, and are likely to continue to adversely affect, BOKF’s business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to negatively affect our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, the continued effectiveness of our business continuity plan, the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic on our employees, customers, clients, counterparties and service providers, as well as other market participants, and the effectiveness of actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the pandemic.

The spread of the COVID-19 virus and the resulting "Stay at Home" orders, travel restrictions, and closed schools and work places caused severe disruptions in the U.S. economy, which has in turn disrupted the business activities and operations of our customers, as well as our business and operations. The COVID-19 outbreak was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019, and has resulted in millions of confirmed cases identified around the world, many in the U.S. As a result of the pandemic, many businesses were shut down or continue to be shut down, supply chains were interrupted, slowed, or rendered inoperable, and many individuals have become ill, quarantined, or otherwise unable to work and/or travel due to health reasons or governmental restrictions.

Specific to our operations, we face the following risks:

•The pandemic, combined with pre-existing factors, including, but not limited to, international trade disputes, inflation risks, and oil price volatility, could further destabilize the financial markets and markets in which the Company operates. The resulting impacts on consumers, including the sudden increase in the unemployment rate, could cause changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing needs, and saving habits, which will likely affect the demand for loans and other products or services the Company offers, as well as the creditworthiness of potential and current borrowers.

•Governmental mandates forced shutdowns of many of our customers' and vendors' facilities. While some have reopened, others may extend for indefinite periods. This may cause customers, third-party service providers, and counterparties to be unable to meet existing payment or other obligations to the Company.

•The COVID-19 virus may have an adverse effect on customer deposits, the ability of our borrowers to satisfy their obligations, the demand for our loans or other products and services, or on financial markets, real estate markets, or economic growth, which could adversely affect our liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.

•The Federal Reserve reduced the target federal funds rate to 0.00% to 0.25% on March 15, 2020 and announced a $700 billion quantitative easing program in response to the economic downturn caused by COVID-19. These reductions, especially if prolonged, could adversely affect our net interest income and margins, the value of mortgage servicing rights, and our profitability.

•Widespread outbreaks of the COVID-19 virus in our primary geographies could adversely affect our workforce resulting in serious health issues and absenteeism. Social distancing measures enacted for working employees such as working from home, working in different locations, and working different shifts could further disrupt the workforce and normal internal control environment. This could lead to the inability to adequately meet customer needs, maintain adequate financial controls and cybersecurity controls, and meet regulatory deadlines.

•The determination of the appropriate level of allowance for credit losses involves a high degree of subjectivity and requires management to make significant estimates of current expected credit losses. The COVID-19 pandemic and the

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unprecedented governmental response could make these subjective judgments even more difficult. The economic impact of the pandemic and government responses may have an adverse effect on current and forward prices for oil and natural gas, which could result in significant credit losses. The value of real estate and other collateral securing loans may also be adversely affected.

As a result of the preceding and other risks, if the COVID-19 virus continues to spread and the response to contain the pandemic is unsuccessful, the Company could experience a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations. These adverse impacts could lead to a material impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets assigned to our reporting units.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

The following table provides information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), of the Company’s common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Period						Total Number of Shares Purchased2						Average Price Paid per Share						Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs1						Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans
July 1 to July 31, 2020						—						$	—					—						3,691,287
August 1 to August 31, 2020						—						$	—					—						3,691,287
September 1 to September 30, 2020						—						$	—					—						3,691,287
Total						—												—

1On April 30, 2019, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to five million shares of the Company's common stock. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had repurchased 1,308,713 shares under this plan. Future repurchases of the Company's common stock will vary based on market conditions, regulatory limitations and other factors.

2The Company may repurchase mature shares from employees to cover the exercise price and taxes in connection with employee equity compensation.

Item 6. Exhibits

31.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Earnings, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The XBRL instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

Items 3, 4 and 5 are not applicable and have been omitted.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

BOK FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Registrant)

Date:        November 3, 2020                                                                  

/s/ Steven E. Nell
Steven E. Nell
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer

    

/s/ John C. Morrow
John C. Morrow
Senior Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer

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