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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 11-K

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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

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For the transition period from              to

Commission file number: 001-33037

A. Full title of the plan and the address of the plan, if different from that of the issuer named below:

VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

B. Name of issuer of the securities held pursuant to the plan and the address of its principal executive office:

SOUTHERN NATIONAL BANCORP OF VIRGINIA, INC.

6830 Old Dominion Drive

McLean, Virginia 22101

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Financial Statements and Supplemental Schedules

December 31, 2019 and 2018

VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

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VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

Financial Statements and Supplemental Schedule

December 31, 2019 and 2018

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Plan Administrator and Plan Participants of VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

Glen Allen, Virginia

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying statements of net assets available for benefits of the VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank (the “Plan”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related statement of changes in net assets available for benefits for the year ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes and schedule to the financial statements (collectively, the “financial statements”). In our opinion the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the net assets available for benefits of the Plan as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the changes in net assets available for benefits for the year ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

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These financial statements are the responsibility of the Plan's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Plan's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Plan in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

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We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Plan is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Plan's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

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Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

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Supplementary Information

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The supplemental information in the accompanying schedule of assets (held at end of year) as of December 31, 2019, has been subjected to audit procedures performed in conjunction with the audit of the Plan’s financial statements. The supplemental information is presented for the purpose of additional analysis and is not a required part of the basic financial statements but includes supplemental information required by the Department of Labor's Rules and Regulations for Reporting and Disclosure under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. The supplemental information is the responsibility of the Plan's management. Our

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audit procedures included determining whether the supplemental information reconciles to the financial statements or the underlying accounting and other records, as applicable and performing procedures to test the completeness and accuracy of the information presented in the supplemental information. In forming our opinion on the supplemental information, we evaluated whether the supplemental information, including its form and content, is presented in conformity with the Department of Labor’s Rules and Regulations for Reporting and Disclosure under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. In our opinion, the supplemental information is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements as a whole.

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/s/ Dixon Hughes Goodman LLP

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We have not been able to determine the specific year we began serving consecutively as the auditor of the Plan’s financial statements; however, we are aware that we have been the Plan’s auditor consecutively since at least 2008.   

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Asheville, North Carolina

June 29, 2020

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VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

Statements of Net Assets Available for Benefits

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

Statement of Changes in Net Assets Available for Benefits

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

Notes to Financial Statements

December 31, 2019 and 2018

1.   Description of Plan

The following description of the VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank (Plan) provides only general information. Participants should refer to the Plan agreement for a more complete description of the Plan’s provisions.

General

The Plan is a defined contribution plan covering substantially all employees of Sonabank (the “Bank”) the wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern National Bancorp of Virginia, Inc. (the “Company”). The management of the Company controls and manages the operation and administration of the Plan. Reliance Trust Company serves as the custodian of the Plan. It is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA).

Plan Restatement and Name Change

On June 23, 2017, the Company acquired Eastern Virginia Bancshares, Inc. and its wholly owned banking subsidiary EVB. Effective January 1, 2018, the legacy VBA defined contribution plan for Sonabank (“legacy Sonabank”) merged its plan into EVB’s 401k plan (“EVB”), VBA defined contribution Plan for Eastern Virginia Bancshares, Inc., as a result of the acquisition, with the legacy Sonabank Plan not surviving. As of January 1, 2018 the VBA defined contribution Plan for Eastern Virginia Bankshares, Inc. was restated and its name was changed to the VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank.

Contributions

Each year, participants may contribute up to 100 percent of pretax annual compensation, as defined in the plan document, subject to Internal Revenue Code (IRC) limitations. Participants who have attained age 50 before the end of the plan year are eligible to make catch-up contributions. Participants may also contribute amounts representing distributions from other qualified plans and certain individual retirement accounts. The employer may make an Employer Base Contribution for each Plan year in such amount, if any, which the employer shall determine. The employer shall make an Employer Matching Contribution for each Plan year in the amount of a discretionary percentage to be determined by the employer on a year to year basis. Contributions are subject to certain limitations.

Investment Options

Participants direct the investment of their accounts into various investment options offered by the Plan. The Plan currently offers employer stock, common collective trust funds, money market funds and mutual funds as investment options for participants.

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Participant Accounts

Each participant’s account is credited with the participant’s contribution and allocations of the Company’s contributions, and plan earnings (losses), and charged with benefit payments. Allocations are based on participant earnings or account balances, as defined. The benefit to which a participant is entitled is the benefit that can be provided from the participant’s vested account.

Vesting

Participants are immediately vested in their contributions plus actual earnings thereon. Vesting in the Company’s contributions is based on years of service, as defined in the Plan. Participants are 100 percent vested after two years of credited service.

Notes Receivable from Participants

Participants may borrow from their fund accounts a minimum of $1,000 up to a maximum equal to the lesser of $50,000 or 50% of their vested account balance. The loans are secured by the balance in the participant’s account and bear interest at rates which are commensurate with local prevailing rates as determined by the plan administrator. At December 31, 2019, outstanding loans bore interest rates ranging from 3.50% to 5.75%. Principal and interest are paid ratably through payroll deductions.

Payment of Benefits

On termination of service, a participant may elect to receive an amount equal to the value of the participant’s vested interest in his or her account in a lump sum payment or annuity as defined in the plan document. In-service hardship withdrawals are permitted from a rollover account. In-service severe hardship withdrawals are permitted from the pre-tax account.

Forfeitures

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, forfeited nonvested accounts were $34,853 and $38,498, respectively. During 2019, the $21,741 of forfeited nonvested accounts were used to reduce employer contributions.

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2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Accounting

The financial statements of the Plan are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts of assets, liabilities and changes therein, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Accordingly, actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions.

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Investment Valuation and Income Recognition

Investments are reported at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. See Note 3 for discussion of fair value measurements.

Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on a trade-date basis. Interest income from notes receivable from participants is recorded when received. Other interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividends are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Net appreciation includes the Plan’s gains and losses on investments bought and sold as well as held during the year.

Notes Receivable from Participants

Notes receivable from participants are measured at their unpaid principal balance. Delinquent notes receivable from participants are reclassified as distributions based upon the terms of the Plan document.

Payment of Benefits

Benefits are recorded upon distribution.

Administrative Expenses

The Plan’s administrative expenses are paid by either the Plan or the Company, as provided by the Plan document. Certain administrative functions are performed by employees of the Company. No such employee receives compensation from the Plan.

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3.   Fair Value Measurements

Fair value as defined under GAAP is an exit price, representing the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include:

Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Plan’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value. There have been no changes in the methodologies used at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

When quoted prices are available in active markets for identical instruments, investment securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Level 1 investments include mutual funds, money

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market funds and the Company’s common stock. The fair value of the Plan’s investment in the Company’s common stock is determined by the closing price reported on NASDAQ.

The common collective trust funds are valued at the closing net asset value (NAV) of the units held by the Plan at year end based on information provided and certified by the custodians as the practical expedient to estimate fair value. The practical expedient would not be used if it is determined to be probable that the funds will sell the investment for an amount different from the reported NAV. Participant transactions (purchases and sales) may occur daily. The common collective trust funds are not required to be classified within a level of the fair value hierarchy.

The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Plan’s assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:

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*Represents investment in a common collective trust fund consisting of equity securities in domestic and foreign corporations and various fixed-income securities. There are no unfunded commitments. Certain withdrawals for other than normal benefit payments and participant directed transfers may require up to 12 months’ notice.

**Represents investments in index funds that track the performance of bonds, U.S. stocks in the S&P 500 Index and international stocks. There are no unfunded commitments, and there are no restrictions on withdrawals.

The Plan recognizes transfers between the levels as of the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer. There were no gross transfers between the levels for the year ending December 31, 2019.

The preceding methods described may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future values. Furthermore, although the Plan believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

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4.   Exempt Party-In-Interest Transactions

Certain Plan investments are shares of mutual funds managed by Reliance Trust Company. Fees paid by the Plan for investment management services were included as a reduction of the return earned on each fund. Fees paid to the custodian by the plan for administrative services were $30,078 for the year ended December 31, 2019.

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Plan held 80,128 and 85,535 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock. During 2019, the Plan did not record any dividend income related to the Company’s common stock.

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5.   Plan Termination

Although it has not expressed any intent to do so, the Company has the right under the Plan to discontinue its contributions at any time and to terminate the Plan subject to the provisions of ERISA. In the event of plan termination, participants would become 100 percent vested in their accounts.

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6.   Tax Status

The Plan has not obtained a determination letter from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) stating that the Plan was in compliance with the applicable requirement of the IRC. The Plan is relying on the IRS approval of the prototype plan that it is utilizing. The IRS has determined and informed the document sponsor by a letter dated March 31, 2014 that the prototype plan document was designed in accordance with applicable sections of the IRC. The plan administrator believes that the Plan is currently designed and being operated in compliance with the applicable requirements of the IRC. Therefore, the plan administrator believes that the Plan was qualified and the related trust was tax exempt as of the financial statement date.

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GAAP requires Plan management to evaluate tax positions taken by the Plan and recognize a tax liability (or asset) if the Plan has taken an uncertain position that more likely than not would not be sustained upon examination by the IRS. The plan administrator has analyzed the tax positions taken by the Plan, and has concluded that as of December 31, 2019, there are no uncertain positions taken or expected to be taken that would require recognition of a liability or disclosure in the financial statements. The Plan is subject to routine audits by taxing jurisdictions; however, there are currently no audits for any tax periods in progress.

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7.  Risks and Uncertainties

The Plan invests in various investment securities. Investment securities, in general, are exposed to various risks, such as interest rate, credit, and overall market volatility. Due to the level of risk associated with certain investment securities, it is at least reasonably possible that changes in the values of investment securities will occur in the near term and that such changes could materially affect participants’ account balances and the amounts reported in the statements of net assets available for benefits.

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8.  Subsequent Event

The Plan has evaluated subsequent events through June 29, 2020, the date the financial statements were available to be issued.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) as a pandemic. The spread of COVID-19 has caused significant uncertainty, volatility and disruption in the U.S. and global economy and has disrupted banking and other financial activity in the areas in which the Company operates. The Plan is exposed to potential risks and uncertainties as a result of the economic events associated with the recent outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Due to the ongoing economic uncertainty and volatility caused by COVID-19, the resulting financial impact to the Plan cannot be reasonably estimated.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was signed into law. Among the various provisions included in CARES Act, were provisions applicable to retirement plans. The Plan adopted provisions allowing eligible plan participants to request penalty-free distributions of up to $100,000 before December 31, 2020 for qualifying reasons associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, permitted increasing the limit for plan loans, permitted suspension of loan payments due for up to one year, and permitted individuals to stop receiving 2020 required minimum distributions. The Plan has delayed the commencement date for required minimum distributions to age 72 beginning in 2020.

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VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank

Schedule of Assets (Held at End of Year)

Schedule H, Line 4i

EIN 20-2453966 Plan 002

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*     Party-in-interest

**   Cost information omitted for participant-directed accounts.

*** The accompanying financial statements classify participant loans as notes receivable from participants.

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See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm.

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Exhibit Index

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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, Southern National Bancorp of Virginia, Inc., as Plan Administrator of the VBA Defined Contribution Plan for Sonabank, has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

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