UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019

OR

[  ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                to

Commission File Number: 1-13906

BALLANTYNE STRONG, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

(704) 994-8279

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date:

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except par values)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

The following summarizes the changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019:

The following summarizes the changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018:

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

(Continued on following page)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Continued

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Nature of Operations

Ballantyne Strong, Inc. (“Ballantyne” or the “Company”), a Delaware corporation, is a holding company with diverse business activities focused on serving the cinema, retail, financial, advertising and government markets. The Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries Strong Technical Services, Inc., Strong/MDI Screen Systems, Inc. (“Strong/MDI”), Convergent Media Systems Corporation (“Convergent”) and Strong Digital Media, LLC (“SDM”), design, integrate and install technology solutions for a broad range of applications; develop and deliver out-of-home messaging, advertising and communications; manufacture projection screens; and provide managed services including monitoring of networked equipment to our customers.

Effective August 8, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the relocation of Ballantyne’s headquarters from 11422 Miracle Hills Drive, Suite 300, Omaha, Nebraska to 4201 Congress Street, Suite 175, Charlotte, North Carolina 28209.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all majority owned and controlled domestic and foreign subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and consequently do not include all of the disclosures normally required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (also referred to as “GAAP”) for annual reporting purposes or those made in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 was derived from the Company’s audited consolidated balance sheet as of that date. All other condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary to present a fair statement of the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows for the respective interim periods. Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of trends or results expected for a full year.

Unless otherwise indicated, all references to “dollars” and “$” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are to, and amounts are presented in, U.S. dollars.

Use of Management Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results and changes in facts and circumstances may alter such estimates and affect results of operations and financial position in future periods.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash represents amounts held in a collateral account for the Company’s corporate travel and purchasing credit card program.

Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company determines the allowance for doubtful accounts based on several factors, including overall customer credit quality, historical write-off experience and a specific analysis that projects the ultimate collectability of the account. As such, these factors may change over time causing the allowance level and bad debt expense to be adjusted accordingly.

Investments

We apply the equity method of accounting to investments when we have significant influence, but not controlling interest, in the investee. Judgment regarding the level of influence over each equity method investment includes considering key factors such as ownership interest, representation on the board of directors, participation in policy-making decisions and material intercompany transactions. The Company’s proportionate share of the net income (loss) resulting from these investments is reported under the line item captioned “equity method investment income (loss)” in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s equity method investments are reported at cost and adjusted each period for the Company’s share of the investee’s income or loss and dividend paid, if any. The Company’s share of the investee’s income or loss is recorded on a one quarter lag for all equity method investments. The Company classifies distributions received from equity method investments using the cumulative earnings approach on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. We apply the cost method of accounting to investments when we do not have significant influence or a controlling interest in the investee and the fair value of the investment is not readily determinable. Dividends on cost method investments received are recorded as income.

The Company assesses investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an investment may not be recoverable. Management reviewed the underlying net assets of the investments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and determined that the Company’s proportionate economic interest in the investments indicate that the investments were not other than temporarily impaired. The carrying value of our equity method and cost method investments is reported in “investments” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Note 6 contains additional information on our equity method and cost method investments.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized into a fair value hierarchy based upon the observability of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. The categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

The following tables present the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value based upon the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements are classified, as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Fair values measured on a recurring basis at September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

Fair values measured on a recurring basis at December 31, 2018 (in thousands):

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balance of the Company’s notes receivable at fair value (in thousands):

Quantitative information about the Company’s level 3 fair value measurements at September 30, 2019 is set forth below (in thousands):

During 2011, the Company entered into certain unsecured notes receivable arrangements with CDF2 Holdings, LLC pertaining to the sale and installation of digital projection equipment. The notes receivable accrue interest at a rate of 15% per annum. Interest not paid in any particular year is added to the principal and also accrues interest at 15%. The notes receivable are recorded at estimated fair value. In order to estimate the fair value, the Company reviews the financial position and estimated cash flows of the debtor of the notes receivable on a quarterly basis. The Company recorded a decrease to the fair value of the notes receivable of $2.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and an increase to the fair value of the notes receivable of $1.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The adjustments to the fair value of the notes receivable are included in other (expense) income on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s notes receivable are discount rate and percentage of default. Significant increases (decreases) in any of these inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.

The Company’s short-term and long-term debt is recorded at historical cost. As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s long-term debt, including current maturities, had a carrying value of $4.3 million. Based on discounted cash flows using current quoted interest rates (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy), the estimated fair value at September 30, 2019 was $3.8 million.

The carrying values of all other financial assets and liabilities, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and short-term debt, reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets equal or approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Note 6 includes fair value information related to our equity and cost method investments. All non-financial assets that are not recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, which include non-financial long-lived assets, are measured at fair value in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded impairment charges of $0.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively, related to the abandonment of internally developed software intangible assets as a loss on disposal of assets in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Other than the intangible asset impairment, the Company did not have any significant non-recurring measurements of non-financial assets or liabilities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 or 2018.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” which was further clarified by ASU 2018-11, “Leases – Targeted Improvements,” issued in July 2018. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-to-use asset for all leases, including operating leases, with a term greater than twelve months, on its balance sheet. This ASU is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and initially required a modified retrospective transition method under which entities would initially apply Topic 842 at the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements. ASU 2018-11 added an additional optional transition method allowing entities to apply Topic 842 as of the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company adopted Topic 842 using the optional transition method from ASU 2018-11 as of January 1, 2019. Upon adoption, the Company recorded a balance sheet gross-up of approximately $4.7 million to record operating lease liabilities and related right-of-use assets. In addition, the sale-leaseback of the Company’s Alpharetta, Georgia office facility in June 2018, which did not qualify for sale-leaseback accounting under the previous lease accounting standard, qualified for sale-leaseback accounting under Topic 842, as Topic 842 eliminated the concept of continuing involvement by the seller-lessee precluding sale-leaseback accounting. Upon adoption, the Company recorded a cumulative effect adjustment increasing retained earnings by approximately $2.8 million, which represents the gain on the sale of the facility. The Company also derecognized approximately $4.0 million of net land and building assets and approximately $6.8 million of debt associated with the previous accounting as a failed sale-leaseback and recorded approximately $5.0 million of operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities for the leaseback under Topic 842. See Note 11 for more information about the Company’s leases.

In August 2018, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) adopted the final rule under SEC Release No. 33-10532, “Disclosure Update and Simplification,” amending certain disclosure requirements that were redundant, duplicative, overlapping, outdated or superseded. In addition, the amendments expanded the disclosure requirements on the analysis of stockholders’ equity for interim financial statements. Under the amendments, an analysis of changes in each caption of stockholders’ equity presented in the balance sheet must be provided in a note or separate statement. The analysis should present a reconciliation of the beginning balance to the ending balance of each period for which a statement of comprehensive income is required to be filed. The final rule is effective for all filings made on and after November 5, 2018. Given the effective date and proximity to most filers’ quarterly reports, the SEC did not object to filers deferring the presentation of changes in stockholders’ equity in their quarterly reports on Forms 10-Q until the quarter beginning after November 5, 2018. The Company elected to provide the required disclosure in a separate statement of stockholders’ equity beginning with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” The new guidance eliminates Step 2 of the goodwill impairment testing which requires the fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting unit to be determined when measuring goodwill impairment. The new guidance may result in different amounts of impairment that could be recognized compared to existing guidance. In addition, failing step 1 of the impairment test may not result in impairment under existing guidance. However, under the revised guidance, failing step 1 will always result in a goodwill impairment. ASU 2017-04 is to be applied prospectively for goodwill impairment testing performed in years beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 in the first quarter of 2019. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 did not significantly impact the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU will require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets, including trade receivables, held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. In July 2019, the FASB announced its intention to propose an extended effective date of January 1, 2023 for adoption of the ASU by smaller reporting companies. In October 2019, the FASB voted in favor of finalizing its proposal to defer the effective date of this standard. Subject to any additional guidance or clarification from the FASB or the SEC, management believes the Company will qualify for this proposed deferral. The Company believes the adoption of this ASU will not significantly impact its results of operations and financial position.

3. Revenue

The Company accounts for revenue using the following steps:

The Company combines contracts with the same customer into a single contract for accounting purposes when the contracts are entered into at or near the same time and the contracts are negotiated as a single commercial package, consideration in one contract depends on the other contract, or the services are considered a single performance obligation. If an arrangement involves multiple performance obligations, the items are analyzed to determine the separate units of accounting, whether the items have value on a standalone basis and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of their standalone selling price. The total contract transaction price is allocated to the identified performance obligations based upon the relative standalone selling prices of the performance obligations. The standalone selling price is based on an observable price for services sold to other comparable customers, when available, or an estimated selling price using a cost plus margin approach. The Company estimates the amount of total contract consideration it expects to receive for variable arrangements by determining the most likely amount it expects to earn from the arrangement based on the expected quantities of services it expects to provide and the contractual pricing based on those quantities. The Company only includes some or a portion of variable consideration in the transaction price when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The Company considers the sensitivity of the estimate, its relationship and experience with the client and variable services being performed, the range of possible revenue amounts and the magnitude of the variable consideration to the overall arrangement.

As discussed in more detail below, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services under the terms of a contract and is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. The Company does not have any material extended payment terms as payment is due at or shortly after the time of the sale. Observable prices are used to determine the standalone selling price of separate performance obligations, or a cost plus margin approach is used when observable prices are not available. Sales, value-added and other taxes collected concurrently with revenue producing activities are excluded from revenue.

The Company recognizes contract assets or unbilled receivables related to revenue recognized for services completed but not yet invoiced to the clients. Unbilled receivables are recorded as accounts receivable when the Company has an unconditional right to contract consideration. A contract liability is recognized as deferred revenue when the Company invoices clients in advance of performing the related services under the terms of a contract. Deferred revenue is recognized as revenue when the Company has satisfied the related performance obligation.

Deferred contract acquisition costs are included in other assets. The Company defers costs to acquire contracts, including commissions, incentives and payroll taxes, if they are incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a customer contract with a term exceeding one year. Deferred contract costs are reported within other assets and amortized to selling expense over the contract term, which generally ranges from one to five years. The Company has elected to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a term of less than one year as a selling expense when incurred. The Company did not have any deferred contract costs as of September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue by major source for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue by major source for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 (in thousands):

Screen system sales

The Company recognizes revenue on the sale of its screen systems when control of the screen is transferred to the customer, usually at time of shipment. However, revenue is recognized upon delivery for certain international shipments with longer shipping transit time because control does not transfer to the customer until delivery. The cost of freight and shipping to the customer is recognized in cost of sales at the time of transfer of control to the customer.

Digital equipment sales

The Company recognizes revenue on sales of digital equipment when the control of the equipment is transferred, which occurs at the time of shipment from the Company’s warehouse or drop-shipment from a third party. The cost of freight and shipping to the customer is recognized in cost of sales at the time of transfer of control to the customer.

Field maintenance and monitoring services

The Company sells service contracts that provide maintenance and monitoring services to Strong Cinema and Convergent customers. In the Strong Cinema segment, these contracts are generally 12 months in length, while the term for service contracts in the Convergent segment can be for multiple years. Revenue related to service contracts is recognized over the term of the agreement in proportion to the costs incurred in fulfilling performance obligations under the contract.

In addition to selling service contracts, the Company also performs discrete time and materials-based maintenance and repair work for customers in the Strong Cinema and Convergent segments. Revenue related to time and materials-based maintenance and repair work is recognized at the point in time when the performance obligation has been fully satisfied.

Installation services

The Company performs installation services for both its Strong Cinema and Convergent customers and recognizes revenue upon completion of the installations.

Extended warranty sales

The Company sells extended warranties to its Strong Cinema customers. When the Company is the primary obligor, revenue is recognized on a gross basis over the term of the extended warranty in proportion to the costs incurred in fulfilling performance obligations under the extended warranty. In third party extended warranty sales, the Company is not the primary obligor, and revenue is recognized on a net basis at the time of the sale.

Advertising

Strong Outdoor sells advertising space on top of taxicabs. Advertising revenue is recognized ratably over the contracted advertising periods.

Timing of Revenue Recognition

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue by the timing of transfer of goods or services to the customer for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue by the timing of transfer of goods or services to the customer for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 (in thousands):

At September 30, 2019, the unearned revenue amount associated with maintenance and monitoring services, extended warranty sales and advertising services in which the Company is the primary obligor was $2.7 million. The Company expects to recognize $1.1 million of unearned revenue amounts throughout the rest of 2019, $1.6 million during 2020 and immaterial amounts during 2021-2023.

4. Loss Per Common Share

Basic loss per share has been computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted loss per share would be computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding after giving effect to potential common shares from dilutive stock options and certain non-vested shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units. However, because the Company reported losses in all periods presented, there were no differences between average shares used to compute basic and diluted loss per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The following table summarizes the weighted average shares used to compute basic and diluted loss per share:

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, options to purchase 772,000 shares of common stock were outstanding but were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share as the option’s exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares for each period. An additional 165,206 and 146,461 common stock equivalents related to options and restricted stock awards were excluded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive, thereby decreasing the net losses per share. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, options to purchase 330,000 shares of common stock were outstanding but were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share as the option’s exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares for each period. An additional 63,398 and 166,391 common stock equivalents related to options and restricted stock awards were excluded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive, thereby decreasing the net losses per share.

5. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

The inventory balances are net of reserves of approximately $1.4 million as of both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

6. Investments

The following summarizes our investments (dollars in thousands):

Equity Method Investments

The following summarizes the (loss) income of equity method investees reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

1347 Property Insurance Holdings, Inc. (“PIH”) is a publicly traded company that provides property and casualty insurance in the States of Louisiana, Texas and Florida. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is chairman of the board of directors of PIH, and controls entities that, when combined with the Company’s ownership in PIH, own greater than 20% of PIH, providing the Company with significant influence over PIH, but not controlling interest. The Company did not receive dividends from PIH during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 or 2018. On February 25, 2019, PIH announced a definitive agreement pursuant to which FedNat Holding Company will acquire substantially all of PIH’s homeowners’ insurance operations. PIH intends to maintain its Nasdaq listing and utilize the proceeds from the transaction to launch a new growth strategy focused on reinsurance, investment management and new investment opportunities. PIH intends to provide additional details on the rollout of this strategy prior to the closing of the transaction. On June 10, 2019, PIH held a special meeting of stockholders at which PIH’s stockholders approved the transaction. In addition, regulatory approvals have been obtained, subject to compliance with the consent orders issued by the insurance regulators, and the transaction is currently expected to close in December 2019. During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, as a result of the planned sale, PIH classified its homeowners’ insurance operations as discontinued operations. Based on quoted market prices, the market value of the Company’s ownership in PIH was $4.6 million at September 30, 2019.

Itasca Capital, Ltd. (“Itasca”) is a publicly traded Canadian company that is an investment vehicle seeking transformative strategic investments. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is chairman of the board of directors of Itasca. This board seat, combined with the Company’s 32.3% ownership of Itasca, provide the Company with significant influence over Itasca, but not controlling interest. The Company did not receive dividends from Itasca during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 or 2018. Based on quoted market prices, the market value of the Company’s ownership in Itasca was $1.7 million at September 30, 2019.

BK Technologies Corporation (“BKTI”) is a publicly traded holding company that, through its wholly-owned operating subsidiary BK Technologies, Inc., designs, manufactures and markets two-way land mobile radios, repeaters, base stations and related components and subsystems. BK Technologies Corporation became the parent company of BK Technologies, Inc. following the completion of a holding company reorganization on March 28, 2019. On September 9, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with Fundamental Global Investors, LLC (“FGI”), a related party, where the Company sold its shares of common stock of BKTI to FGI. Due to the Company’s significant influence, but not controlling interest, in BKTI, the Company’s investment in BKTI was accounted for using the equity method. Prior to the sale of the BKTI common stock, the Company received dividends of $23 thousand and $0.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s retained earnings included accumulated deficit from its equity method investees of $0.6 million.

The summarized financial information presented below reflects the financial information of the Company’s equity method investees for the nine months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, consistent with the Company’s recognition of the results of its equity method investments on a one-quarter lag (in thousands):

(1) Except for the three month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, these amounts have been restated to reflect PIH’s reclassification of a significant portion of its business to discontinued operations.

Cost Method Investment

On May 21, 2019, SDM entered into a Taxicab Advertising Collaboration Agreement (the “Commercial Agreement”) and a Unit Purchase Agreement (the “Unit Purchase Agreement”) with Firefly Systems, Inc. (“Firefly”), pursuant to which SDM has agreed to make available to Firefly 300 digital taxi tops and the parties have agreed to coordinate the fulfilling of SDM’s agreements with the Metropolitan Taxicab Board of Trade, Inc. (“MTBOT”) and Creative Mobile Media, LLC (“CMM”), each dated February 8, 2018. Firefly has agreed to fulfill the digital taxi top advertising obligations under the MTBOT agreement and CMM agreement, and SDM has agreed to fulfill the non-digital taxi top advertising obligations under the MTBOT agreement and CMM agreement. The Company is a party to the Unit Purchase Agreement and has agreed to guarantee the payment obligations of SDM under the Commercial Agreement. As consideration for entering into these agreements, the Company received $4.8 million of Firefly’s Series A-2 preferred shares (“Firefly Shares”). The Firefly Shares, including those subsequently issued pursuant to an earn-out provision (if any), will be subject to a repurchase option for a period of three years to cover SDM’s indemnity obligations and other post-closing covenants under the Commercial Agreement and the Unit Purchase Agreement. As a condition of the transaction, SDM has agreed to hold the Firefly Shares in an investment fund managed by Fundamental Global Investors, LLC, the controlling stockholder of the Company, that is wholly owned by SDM.

The 300 digital tops the Company has made available to Firefly are subject to a master equipment lease agreement the Company entered into during 2017. Pursuant to the master lease agreement and the Unit Purchase Agreement, the Company will remain the primary obligor until such time as the lease expires. In addition, of the $4.8 million of Firefly Shares received, $1.2 million are eligible for repurchase by Firefly if the Company does not exercise the purchase option contained within the master lease agreement. Accordingly, the Company has deferred recognizing an investment related to these Firefly Shares eligible for repurchase until such time it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise the purchase option. The transaction, in effect, transferred control of the underlying asset to Firefly. Therefore, the Company accounted for the transaction as a sales-type lease resulting in the derecognition of the $3.4 million right-of-use asset related to the master lease agreement and a selling profit of $0.2 million, which is recorded within other income (expense) on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. As additional consideration for the right to use the digital taxi tops, Firefly has agreed to pay for certain of Company’s operating expenses associated with the non-digital taxi tops. The Company concluded the payments that Firefly will make on its behalf are considered variable payments and were not included in the calculation of the selling profit. Therefore, the Company will record the benefit and the related operating expenses in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable lease payments are based occur.

7. Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consisted of the following at September 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

Intangible assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):

Amortization expense relating to intangible assets was $0.1 million during each of the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and $0.4 million and $0.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company also recorded an impairment charge of $1.3 million related to abandoned software in service in the Convergent segment as a loss on disposal of assets in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

The following table shows the Company’s estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets currently subject to amortization for the next five years (in thousands):

8. Goodwill

The following represents a summary of changes in the Company’s carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

9. Warranty Reserves

In most instances, the Company’s digital projection products are covered by the manufacturing firm’s original warranty; however, for certain customers the Company may grant warranties in excess of the manufacturer’s warranty. In addition, the Company provides warranty coverage on screens it manufactures. The Company accrues for these costs at the time of sale. The following table summarizes warranty activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

10. Debt

The Company’s debt consists of the following (in thousands):

Equipment Term Loans

On May 22, 2018, the Company’s subsidiary, Convergent, entered into an installment payment agreement with an equipment financing company in order to purchase media players and related equipment in an aggregate amount of up to approximately $4.4 million. Installment payments under each contract for purchase of the equipment are due monthly for a period of 60 months. The financing provided in the agreement is secured by the equipment, and the obligations under the agreement are recorded as long-term debt on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. In December 2018, Convergent entered into additional installment payment agreements with other financing companies in order to purchase additional media players and related equipment. This round of financing totaled approximately $0.6 million. In June 2019, Convergent entered into additional installment payment agreements with other financing companies in order to purchase additional media players and related equipment. This round of financing totaled approximately $0.2 million. Installment payments under each contract are due monthly for a period of 60 months. The financing under the agreements is secured by the equipment. The borrowings under the agreements are recorded as long-term debt on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Collectively, the Company had $4.3 million of outstanding borrowings under equipment term loan agreements at September 30, 2019, which bear interest at a weighted-average fixed rate of 7.6%.

Strong/MDI Installment Loan

On September 5, 2017, the Company’s Canadian subsidiary, Strong/MDI, entered into a demand credit agreement with a bank consisting of a revolving line of credit for up to CDN$3.5 million subject to a borrowing base requirement, a 20-year installment loan for up to CDN$6.0 million and a 5-year installment loan for up to CDN$500,000. Amounts outstanding under the line of credit are payable on demand and bear interest at the prime rate established by the lender. Amounts outstanding under the installment loans bear interest at the lender’s prime rate plus 0.5% and are payable in monthly installments, including interest, over their respective borrowing periods. The lender may also demand repayment of the installment loans at any time. The Strong/MDI credit facilities are secured by a lien on Strong/MDI’s Quebec, Canada facility and substantially all of Strong/MDI’s assets. The credit agreement requires Strong/MDI to maintain a ratio of liabilities to “effective equity” (tangible stockholders’ equity, less amounts receivable from affiliates and equity method investments) not exceeding 2 to 1, a current ratio (excluding amounts due from related parties) of at least 1.5 to 1 and minimum “effective equity” of CDN$8.0 million. On April 24, 2018, the Company borrowed CDN$3.5 million on the 20-year installment loan. There was CDN$4.1 million of principal outstanding on the 20-year installment loan as of September 30, 2019, which bears variable interest at 4.45%. Strong/MDI was in compliance with its debt covenants as of September 30, 2019.

Sale-leaseback Financing

On June 29, 2018, the Company and Convergent completed a sale-leaseback of Convergent’s Alpharetta, Georgia office facility. The transaction did not qualify for sale-leaseback accounting under the previous lease accounting standard and was accounted for as a financing liability. Upon adoption of ASC 842 during the first quarter of 2019, the Company derecognized approximately $6.8 million of debt associated with the previous accounting as a failed sale-leaseback. See Note 2 for additional details.

Scheduled repayments are as follows for the Company’s long-term debt outstanding as of September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

11. Leases

The Company and its subsidiaries lease plant and office facilities and equipment under operating and finance leases expiring through 2028. The Company determines if a contract is or contains a lease at inception or modification of a contract. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period in exchange for consideration. Control over the use of the identified asset means the lessee has both (a) the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the asset and (b) the right to direct the use of the asset.

Right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the expected lease term at commencement date. Certain of the leases contain extension options; however, the Company has not included such options as part of its right-of-use assets and lease liabilities because it does not expect to extend the leases. The Company measures and records a right-of-use asset and lease liability based on the discount rate implicit in the lease, if known. In cases where the discount rate implicit in the lease is not known, the Company measures the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities using a discount rate equal to the Company’s estimated incremental borrowing rate for loans with similar collateral and duration.

The Company elected to not apply the recognition requirements of Topic 842 to leases of all classes of underlying assets that, at the commencement date, have a lease term of 12 months or less and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Instead, lease payments for such short-term leases are recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term and variable lease payments in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred.

The Company elected, as a lessee, for all classes of underlying assets, to not separate nonlease components from lease components and instead to account for each separate lease component and the nonlease components associated with that lease component as a single lease component.

The following tables present the Company’s lease costs and other lease information (dollars in thousands):

The following table presents a maturity analysis of the Company’s finance and operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

The Company subleases certain office and warehouse space and equipment to third parties. Sublease income is included in net service revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The following table presents a maturity analysis of the Company’s long-term subleases (in thousands):

The Company leases certain equipment to customers as a component of its Digital Signage as a Service (“DSaaS”) offering. Under DSaaS, the Company provides support, maintenance and content management services in addition to the use of a media player to the customer. The Company elected, as a lessor, for all classes of underlying assets, to not separate nonlease components from lease components and, instead, to account for each separate lease component and the nonlease components associated with that lease component as a single component if the nonlease components otherwise would be accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 on revenue from contracts with customers, and both of the following conditions are met: 1) the timing and pattern of transfer for the lease component and nonlease components associated with that lease component are the same and 2) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease in accordance with Topic 842. The combined component is accounted for as a single performance obligation under Topic 606 if the nonlease component or components are the predominant component(s) of the combined component. Otherwise, if the lease component is the predominant component, the combined component is accounted for as an operating lease under ASC 842. In the case of the Company’s DSaaS contracts, the nonlease components are predominant; therefore, revenue from DSaaS contracts is accounted for under Topic 606 and is included in net service revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

12. Income Taxes

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income. The Company considers the scheduled reversal of taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. A cumulative loss in a particular tax jurisdiction in recent years is a significant piece of evidence with respect to the realizability that is difficult to overcome. Based on the available objective evidence, including recent updates to the taxing jurisdictions generating income, the Company concluded that a valuation allowance should be recorded against all of the Company’s U.S. tax jurisdiction deferred tax assets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The Company is subject to possible examinations not yet initiated for Federal purposes for fiscal years 2015 through 2018. In most cases, the Company is subject to possible examinations by state or local jurisdictions based on the particular jurisdiction’s statute of limitations.

13. Stock Compensation

The Company recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors based on estimated grant date fair values. Stock-based compensation expense included in selling and administrative expenses approximated $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The Company’s 2017 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (“2017 Plan”) was approved by the Company’s stockholders and provides the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors with the discretion to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units and other stock-based awards and cash-based awards. Vesting terms vary with each grant and may be subject to vesting upon a “change in control” of the Company. The total number of shares authorized for issuance under the 2017 Plan is 1,371,189 shares, with 391,778 shares remaining available for grant at September 30, 2019.

Stock Options

The Company granted a total of 295,000 and 387,500 stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Options to purchase shares of common stock were granted with exercise prices equal to the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant.

The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $2.91 and $1.82, respectively. The fair value of each stock option granted was estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes valuation model with the following weighted average assumptions:

The risk-free interest rate assumptions were based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. Expected volatility is based on historical daily price changes of the Company’s stock for six years prior to the date of grant. The expected life of options is the average number of years the Company estimates that stock options will be outstanding.

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019: