EX-99.1 2 cmw4397a.htm PRESS RELEASE

Media Contact: Bob Klein (414) 343-4433
Financial Contact: Amy Giuffre (414) 343-8002

HARLEY-DAVIDSON REPORTS SECOND QUARTER 2009 RESULTS,
LOWERS FULL-YEAR SHIPMENT PLANS,
AND PROVIDES RESTRUCTURING UPDATE

Earnings Drop Reflects Impact of Lower Shipments, One-Time Reclassification of
Finance Receivables and Goodwill Write-Off Related to HDFS

Decline in Retail Motorcycle Sales Prompts Shipment Reduction, Additional
Workforce Reduction

        MILWAUKEE, July 16, 2009 — Harley-Davidson, Inc. (NYSE:HOG) reported decreased revenue, net income and diluted earnings per share for the second quarter of 2009 compared to the year-ago period.

        Net income of $19.8 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.08 were primarily affected by the planned 27.6 percent reduction in motorcycle shipments compared to the year-ago period and by two non-cash charges related to HDFS: a $72.7 million credit loss provision for a one-time reclassification of motorcycle loan receivables; and a one-time $28.4 million charge to write off the total goodwill associated with HDFS.

        Worldwide retail unit sales of new Harley-Davidson® motorcycles were down 30.1 percent compared to the year-ago quarter. Retail new Harley-Davidson motorcycle sales in the U.S. were down 35.1 percent and declined 18.2 percent in international markets compared to last year’s second quarter. Industry-wide retail sales of heavyweight motorcycles in the U.S. declined 48.1 percent for the same period.

        “While the underlying fundamentals of the Harley-Davidson brand remain strong and our dealers’ retail motorcycle sales declined less than our competitors, it is obviously a very tough environment for us right now, given the continued weak consumer spending in the overall economy for discretionary purchases,” said Harley-Davidson, Inc. President and CEO Keith Wandell.

        In light of the decline in retail motorcycle sales, the Company also lowered its 2009 shipment expectations for Harley-Davidson motorcycles. The Company now plans to ship between 212,000 and 228,000 Harley-Davidson motorcycles to dealers and distributors worldwide in 2009, or 25 percent to 30 percent fewer than the 303,479 shipped in 2008. Prior 2009 guidance was for shipments of 264,000 to 273,000 motorcycles. In the third quarter of 2009, the Company expects to ship 52,000 to 57,000 Harley-Davidson motorcycles.

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        As a result of the lowered shipment volume, the Company will implement a further reduction this year of approximately 700 positions in the hourly production workforce. Harley-Davidson will also be reducing the non-production, primarily salaried headcount by an approximate 300 additional positions, including a reduction at HDFS. The Company plans to offer a voluntary separation incentive package to eligible salaried employees. Earlier this year, the Company had announced workforce reductions totaling about 1,400 to 1,500 hourly production positions in 2009 and 2010 and about 300 non-production, primarily salaried positions.

        “We continue to take these difficult actions to manage through the current challenges and we also continue to take major steps in creating the operational effectiveness that is essential to our long-term future,” said Wandell. “We are committed to doing what is required to enable Harley-Davidson to operate as a competitive business and employer over the long haul.”

        The Company continues to expect full-year gross margins to be between 30.5 percent and 31.5 percent.

Details of Harley-Davidson, Inc. Second-Quarter and Six-Month Results

        Second Quarter. Net income for the quarter was $19.8 million, compared to $222.8 million in the second quarter of 2008, on revenue of $1.15 billion compared to $1.57 billion in the year-ago period. Diluted earnings per share for the second quarter were $0.08, compared to diluted earnings per share of $0.95 in last year’s second quarter.

        A key factor affecting earnings was the one-time reclassification of finance receivables from held-for-sale to held-for-investment and the related $72.7 million non-cash provision to establish the related initial credit loss allowance.

        In addition, as a result of Harley-Davidson’s lower shipment volume projections, the Company recorded a non-cash, one-time $28.4 million impairment charge to write off the goodwill recorded in connection with the 1995 purchase of HDFS.

        The Company believes HDFS continues to have significant strategic value despite the write-off of remaining goodwill caused by the current economic environment.

        Six Months. For the first six months of 2009, Company revenue totaled $2.44 billion, a 15.1 percent decrease from the year-ago period. Diluted earnings per share were $0.59, a decrease of 66.1 percent compared to the same period last year. Net income was $137.1 million, compared to $410.4 million in the first half of 2008.

Strategy for the Current Economic Environment

        In early 2009, Harley-Davidson announced a three-part strategy for managing through the global economic downturn and strengthening its operations and financial results going forward. That strategy consists of: 1) investing in the brand; 2) creating the appropriate cost structure; and 3) obtaining funding to support the lending activities of HDFS.

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Brand Investment

        Reductions in Harley-Davidson’s motorcycle shipment plans for 2009 reflect the Company’s intense focus on maintaining brand strength. “When it comes to protecting and enhancing the brand, managing supply in line with demand is one of the most important things we can do. We plan to ship fewer Harley-Davidson motorcycles worldwide this year than we anticipate dealers will sell at retail,” Wandell said.

        At the same time, Harley-Davidson continues to make significant investments in product development and marketing, and the Company is more focused than ever on making those investments work harder and smarter, according to Wandell. “We’ve got a great lineup of motorcycles and one of our top priorities is to reduce complexity and improve efficiency throughout our product development and manufacturing processes,” said Wandell.

        On July 25, 2009, Harley-Davidson Motor Company introduces 2010 model year motorcycles at its Summer Dealer Meeting in Denver.

Cost Structure

        The Company earlier this year announced plans to consolidate its two Milwaukee-area powertrain (engine and transmission) plants into one facility; consolidate paint and frame operations at its York, Pa. facilities into one plant; and close its Franklin, Wis. Parts and Accessories distribution center and consolidate those operations with General Merchandise distribution through a third-party logistics company. In April, the Company completed the transition of its U.S. transportation fleet operations to a third-party provider as part of its restructuring initiatives.

        Powertrain Consolidation Accelerated. Production shutdowns and line rate adjustments will be implemented at Harley-Davidson powertrain operations in Menomonee Falls and Wauwatosa, Wis., and at motorcycle assembly operations in York, Pa. and Kansas City, Mo., to achieve the newly-announced unit volume reduction. As a result of the volume reduction and production shutdowns, the Company expects to accelerate and substantially complete the planned consolidation of the powertrain operations by mid-2010.

        Sportster® and V-Rod® motorcycle final assembly operations and V-Rod motorcycle powertrain production in Kansas City, and production of Sportster motorcycle powertrains in Wauwatosa will be shut down for approximately 14 weeks in 2009, including the entire fourth quarter. The Company anticipates that other production operations will be shut down for a total of approximately five weeks over the rest of 2009.

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        On a combined basis, Harley-Davidson now expects the volume reductions and restructuring activities to result in one-time charges of approximately $160 million to $190 million over the course of 2009 and 2010, an increase of $40 million from earlier estimates, including $50.0 million incurred during the first half of 2009. The Company now estimates ongoing annual savings of approximately $140 million to $150 million, or $70 million greater than previously estimated, upon completion of the announced restructuring actions. Savings in 2009 are now estimated to be $70 million to $85 million.

        York Study Underway. Since the announcement of the original consolidation plans in January, Harley-Davidson has determined that the Company’s York operations are not currently competitive or sustainable. The Company has undertaken a “two path” study to determine whether major, additional restructuring at York can achieve cost and efficiency targets to make the operations viable, or alternatively, whether the Company will relocate the York operations to another U.S. location. The Company expects to make a decision on the status of the York operations later this year.

HDFS Funding

        Harley-Davidson continues to focus intently on the funding needs of HDFS and, utilizing a variety of funding paths, has provided liquidity for expected HDFS lending activities through the end of this year and into 2010. The Company continues to evaluate additional funding actions to diversify funding sources and balance long-and short-term HDFS debt needs, as well as provide sufficient liquidity for new loan originations.

Business Segment Second-Quarter and Six-Month Results

Motorcycles and Related Products Segment

        Second Quarter. Revenue from Harley-Davidson motorcycles during the second quarter of 2009 was $808.7 million, a decrease of $375.7 million or 31.7 percent versus the same period last year. The Company shipped 58,179 Harley-Davidson motorcycles in the second quarter of 2009 compared to 80,326 motorcycles shipped in the year-ago period and within the Company’s guidance for this year’s first quarter.

        Revenue from Parts and Accessories (P&A), which consists of Genuine Motor Parts and Genuine Motor Accessories, totaled $231.5 million, a decrease of $34.2 million or 12.9 percent versus the year-ago quarter. Revenue from General Merchandise, which includes MotorClothes® apparel, totaled $69.6 million, a decrease of $7.2 million or 9.4 percent from the year-ago quarter.

        Gross margin for the second quarter of 2009 was 33.5 percent of revenue compared to 35.7 percent for the second quarter last year. Operating margin was 14.5 percent, compared to 20.1 percent in the second quarter of 2008. Gross and operating margins were adversely affected during the quarter by the shipment volume reduction.

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        Six Months. Through the first six months of this year, shipments of Harley-Davidson motorcycles were 132,849 units, a 12.7 percent decrease compared to last year’s 152,194 units. Harley-Davidson motorcycle revenue through six months was $1.82 billion, down 17.2 percent compared to last year’s $2.20 billion. Six-month P&A revenue totaled $401.2 million, a 10.4 percent decrease from last year’s $447.6 million. General Merchandise revenue totaled $144.8 million, a 10.0 percent decrease compared to $160.8 million during the same period in 2008. Gross margin through six months was 35.3 percent and operating margin was 16.2 percent, compared to 36.1 percent and 20.1 percent respectively in last year’s first half.

Motorcycle Retail Sales

        Second Quarter. During the second quarter, worldwide retail sales of Harley-Davidson motorcycles decreased 30.1 percent compared to the prior-year quarter. In the U.S., retail sales of Harley-Davidson motorcycles decreased 35.1 percent from the year-ago period. Industry-wide retail sales of heavyweight motorcycles in the U.S. declined 48.1 percent during the quarter.

        In international markets, retail sales of Harley-Davidson motorcycles decreased 18.2 percent during the second quarter of 2009 compared to the second quarter of 2008.

        Six Months. For the first half of 2009, worldwide retail sales of Harley-Davidson motorcycles declined 23.6 percent compared to the prior year. U.S. retail sales of Harley-Davidson motorcycles declined 26.1 percent for the first half of the year while the U.S. heavyweight market segment was down 40.0 percent for the same period, compared to the year-ago period. International retail sales of Harley-Davidson motorcycles decreased 17.8 percent for the first six months of 2009 compared to 2008.

        First half data are listed in the accompanying tables.

Financial Services Segment

        Harley-Davidson Financial Services recorded an operating loss of $62.1 million for the second quarter, compared to operating income of $37.1 million in the year-ago quarter. In addition to the effects of the finance receivables reclassification HDFS recorded $15.0 million in writedowns on retained securitization interests due to expected higher credit losses compared to a $6.3 million write-down in the year ago period. For the first half of 2009, HDFS reported an operating loss of $50.9 million, compared to operating income of $72.1 million for the prior-year period. In addition, the Company wrote off $28.4 million of goodwill associated with HDFS.

Income Tax Rate

        The Company’s second-quarter effective income tax rate was 71.6 percent, compared to 36.0 percent in the same quarter last year. This increase was due primarily to the non-deductible goodwill write-off and the tax implications of MV Agusta, which the Company acquired in August 2008. The Company expects its full-year 2009 effective tax rate to be approximately 55 percent due to the items listed above as well as the previously reported one-time tax charge of $22.5 million in the first quarter of 2009 and the implications of reduced shipments on earnings for the remainder of the year.

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Cash Flow

        Cash and cash equivalents totaled $1.03 billion as of June 28, 2009, compared to $803.4 million at the end of the year-ago period. Cash used by operations was $164.4 million and capital expenditures were $57.3 million during the second quarter of 2009. For the full year, capital expenditures are now expected to be $145 million to $175 million, including $20 million to $30 million related to restructuring activities.

Company Background

        Harley-Davidson, Inc. is the parent company for the group of companies doing business as Harley-Davidson Motor Company (HDMC), Buell Motorcycle Company (Buell), MV Agusta and Harley-Davidson Financial Services (HDFS). Harley-Davidson Motor Company produces heavyweight custom, touring and cruiser motorcycles. Buell produces American sport performance motorcycles. MV Agusta produces premium, high-performance sport motorcycles sold under the MV Agusta® brand and lightweight sport motorcycles sold under the Cagiva® brand. HDFS provides wholesale and retail financing and insurance programs primarily to Harley-Davidson and Buell dealers and customers.

Forward-Looking Statements

        The Company intends that certain matters discussed in this release are “forward-looking statements” intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified as such because the context of the statement will include words such as the Company “believes,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “plans,” or “estimates” or words of similar meaning. Similarly, statements that describe future plans, objectives, outlooks, targets, guidance or goals are also forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated as of the date of this release. Certain of such risks and uncertainties are described below. Shareholders, potential investors, and other readers are urged to consider these factors in evaluating the forward-looking statements and cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included in this release are only made as of the date of this release, and the Company disclaims any obligation to publicly update such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.

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        The Company’s ability to meet the targets and expectations noted depends upon, among other factors, the Company’s ability to (i) effectively execute the Company’s restructuring plans within expected costs and timing, (ii) successfully achieve with our labor union partners flexible and cost-effective agreements to accomplish restructuring goals and long-term competitiveness, (iii) manage the risks that our independent dealers may have difficulty obtaining capital, and adjusting to the recession and slowdown in consumer demand,  (iv) manage supply chain issues, (v) anticipate the level of consumer confidence in the economy, (vi) continue to have access to reliable sources of capital funding and adjust to fluctuations in the cost of capital, (vii) manage the credit quality, the loan servicing and collection activities, and the recovery rates of HDFS’ loan portfolio, (viii) continue to realize production efficiencies at its production facilities and manage operating costs including materials, labor and overhead, (ix) manage production capacity and production changes, (x) provide products, services and experiences that are successful in the marketplace, (xi) develop and implement sales and marketing plans that retain existing retail customers and attract new retail customers in an increasingly competitive marketplace, (xii) sell all of its motorcycles and related products and services to its independent dealers, (xiii) continue to develop the capabilities of its distributor and dealer network, (xiv) manage changes and prepare for requirements in legislative and regulatory environments for its products, services and operations, (xv) adjust to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices, (xvi) adjust to healthcare inflation, pension reform and tax changes, (xvii) retain and attract talented employees, (xviii) detect any issues with our motorcycles or manufacturing processes to avoid delays in new model launches, recall campaigns, increased warranty costs or litigation, (xix) implement and manage enterprise-wide information technology solutions and secure data contained in those systems, and (xx) successfully integrate and profitably operate MV Agusta Group.

        In addition, the Company could experience delays or disruptions in its operations as a result of work stoppages, strikes, natural causes, terrorism or other factors. Other factors are described in risk factors that the Company has disclosed in documents previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Many of these risk factors are impacted by the current turbulent capital, credit and retail markets and our ability to adjust to the recession.

        The Company’s ability to sell its motorcycles and related products and services and to meet its financial expectations also depends on the ability of the Company’s independent dealers to sell its motorcycles and related products and services to retail customers. The Company depends on the capability and financial capacity of its independent dealers and distributors to develop and implement effective retail sales plans to create demand for the motorcycles and related products and services they purchase from the Company. In addition, the Company’s independent dealers and distributors may experience difficulties in operating their businesses and selling Harley-Davidson motorcycles and related products and services as a result of weather, economic conditions or other factors.

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Harley-Davidson, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

Three months ended Six months ended
June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008

June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008


Net revenue
    $ 1,153,645   $ 1,572,569   $ 2,444,293   $ 2,878,882  
Gross profit    386,278    561,924    863,061    1,038,061  
Selling, administrative and engineering expense    203,581    234,292    416,891    448,825  
Restructuring expense    15,131    11,549    49,993    11,549  




  Operating income from motorcycles & related products    167,566    316,083    396,177    577,687  

Financial services income
    123,967    106,840    228,634    200,129  
Financial services expense    186,086    69,693    279,548    128,075  




Operating (loss) income from financial services    (62,119 )  37,147    (50,914 )  72,054  

Corporate expense
    6,312    7,367    14,082    12,825  
Goodwill impairment    28,387    --    28,387    --  




Income from operations    70,748    345,863    302,794    636,916  
Investment income    317    2,240    2,270    4,282  
Interest expense (1)    1,538    --    11,798    --  




Income before provision for income taxes    69,527    348,103    293,266    641,198  
Provision for income taxes    49,777    125,316    156,169    230,830  




Net income   $ 19,750   $ 222,787   $ 137,097   $ 410,368  





Earnings per common share:
  
  Basic   $ 0.08   $ 0.95   $ 0.59   $ 1.74  
  Diluted   $ 0.08   $ 0.95   $ 0.59   $ 1.74  

Weighted-average common shares:
  
  Basic    232,616    235,067    232,442    236,067  
  Diluted    233,520    235,314    233,088    236,277  

Cash dividends per common share
   $ 0.10   $ 0.33   $ 0.20   $ 0.63  

(1) Interest expense for the six months ended June 28, 2009 includes $8.0 million related to the Company’s $600.0 million senior unsecured notes (Notes) issued in February 2009. This interest expense represents a portion of the total interest incurred on the Notes during the first quarter and corresponds to the initial temporary investment of proceeds at corporate. Prior to the end of the first quarter, the full proceeds were transferred to HDFS and, as a result, the balance of interest expense on the Notes for the period has been included in financial services expense.


Harley-Davidson, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands)

(Unaudited)
June 28,
2009

December 31,
2008

(Unaudited)
June 29,
2008


ASSETS
               
Current assets:  
    Cash and cash equivalents   $ 1,031,194   $ 593,558   $ 803,400  
    Marketable securities    --    --    524  
    Accounts receivable, net    287,494    296,258    290,139  
    Finance receivables held for sale (2)    --    2,443,965    1,617,817  
    Finance receivables held for investment, net    1,651,700    1,378,461    1,246,325  
    Inventories    435,043    400,908    341,396  
    Other current assets    358,663    264,731    206,624  



Total current assets    3,764,094    5,377,881    4,506,225  

Finance receivables held for investment, net
    3,472,325    817,102    934,534  
Other long-term assets    1,528,267    1,633,642    1,342,994  



    $ 8,764,686   $ 7,828,625   $ 6,783,753  




LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  
Current liabilities:  
    Accounts payable & accrued liabilities   $ 852,543   $ 865,108   $ 841,263  
    Short-term debt    1,690,910    1,738,649    526,898  
    Current portion of long-term debt    --    --    401,036  



Total current liabilities    2,543,453    2,603,757    1,769,197  

Long-term debt
    3,038,387    2,176,238    2,050,000  
Pension liability and postretirement healthcare benefits    754,733    758,411    269,928  
Other long-term liabilities    175,330    174,616    161,791  

Total shareholders’ equity
    2,252,783    2,115,603    2,532,837  



    $ 8,764,686   $ 7,828,625   $ 6,783,753  




(2) During the second quarter of 2009, the Company reclassified its finance receivables held for sale to finance receivables held for investment, net due to a change in the Company’s intent to structure future securitization transactions in a manner that does not qualify for accounting sale treatment under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities.”


Harley-Davidson, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

Six months ended
June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008


Net cash used by operating activities
     ($ 164,442 )  ($ 39,016 )

Cash flows from investing activities:
  
  Capital expenditures    (57,323 )  (99,597 )
  Finance receivables held for investment, net    (26,099 )  (73,365 )
  Collection of retained securitization interests    26,904    18,607  
  Net change in marketable securities    --    2,019  
  Other, net    (3,598 )  1,193  


Net cash used by investing activities    (60,116 )  (151,143 )

Cash flows from financing activities:
  
  Proceeds from issuance of medium term notes    --    993,550  
  Proceeds from issuance of senior unsecured notes    589,255    --  
  Net borrowings of securitization debt    483,864    --  
  Net decrease in credit facilities and unsecured commercial paper    (392,366 )  (116,621 )
  Net borrowings of asset-backed commercial paper    87,706    --  
  Net change in restricted cash    (76,658 )  --  
  Dividends    (46,913 )  (148,591 )
  Purchase of common stock for treasury    (296 )  (150,134 )
  Excess tax benefits from share-based payments    147    252  
  Issuance of common stock under employee  
    stock option plans    10    736  


Net cash provided by financing activities    644,749    579,192  

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
  
  and cash equivalents    17,445    11,513  

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    437,636    400,546  

Cash and cash equivalents:
  
  At beginning of period    593,558    402,854  


  At end of period   $ 1,031,194   $ 803,400  



Net Revenue and Motorcycle
Shipment Data
(Unaudited)

Three months ended Six months ended
June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008

June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008


NET REVENUE (in thousands)
                   
Harley-Davidson® motorcycles   $ 808,709   $ 1,184,369   $ 1,819,518   $ 2,197,838  
Buell® & MV Agusta® motorcycles    39,934    41,518    71,199    63,593  
Parts & Accessories    231,470    265,665    401,226    447,607  
General Merchandise    69,601    76,790    144,792    160,796  
Other    3,931    4,227    7,558    9,048  




    $ 1,153,645   $ 1,572,569   $ 2,444,293   $ 2,878,882  





MOTORCYCLE SHIPMENTS:
  
  Harley-Davidson  
    United States    35,194    51,449    87,904    99,275  
    International    22,985    28,877    44,945    52,919  




      Total Harley-Davidson    58,179    80,326    132,849    152,194  





  Buell & MV Agusta
    3,774    4,072    6,900    6,464  





MOTORCYCLE PRODUCT MIX:
  
  Harley-Davidson  
    Touring    20,989    25,248    46,964    51,683  
    Custom    22,245    41,922    54,164    70,994  
    Sportster®    14,945    13,156    31,721    29,517  




      Total Harley-Davidson    58,179    80,326    132,849    152,194  





Retail Sales of Harley-Davidson Motorcycles

Three months ended Six months ended
June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008

June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008


North America Region
                   
  United States    54,410    83,865    96,451    130,437  
  Canada    5,015    8,187    6,882    10,870  




    Total North America Region    59,425    92,052    103,333    141,307  

Europe Region (Includes Middle East and Africa)
  
  Europe*    15,327    16,728    22,894    25,803  
  Other    971    1,403    1,792    2,477  




    Total Europe Region    16,298    18,131    24,686    28,280  

Asia Pacific Region
  
  Japan    4,022    4,067    6,292    6,805  
  Other    2,403    2,850    5,051    5,412  




    Total Asia Pacific Region    6,425    6,917    11,343    12,217  

Latin America Region
    1,420    2,401    2,789    4,258  





    Total Worldwide Retail Sales
    83,568    119,501    142,151    186,062  





Data Source (subject to update)
Data source for all 2008 and 2009 retail sales figures shown above is sales warranty and registration information provided by Harley-Davidson dealers and compiled by the Company. The Company must rely on information that its dealers supply concerning retail sales, and this information is subject to revision.

Only Harley-Davidson® motorcycles are included in the Harley-Davidson Motorcycle Sales data.

* Data for Europe include Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.

Heavyweight Market Data

Six months ended
June 28,
2009

June 29,
2008

United States1      177,880    296,323          

Five months ended
May 31,
2009

May 31,
2008

Europe2      164,844    202,872    ~    ~  

1 - United States industry data includes 651+cc models, derived from submission of motorcycle retail sales by each major manufacturer to an independent third party. This data is subject to revision and update. As of the second quarter 2009, industry data includes three-wheeled vehicles retroactive to 2008.

2 - Europe data includes Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Industry retail motorcycle registration data includes 651+cc models, derived from information provided by Giral S.A., an independent agency. Europe market data is reported on a one-month lag. This data is subject to revision and update.