TABLE OF CONTENTS

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-1 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) using the “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, the Selling Securityholders hereunder may, from time to time, sell the securities offered by them described in this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by such Selling Securityholders of the securities offered by them described in this prospectus. This prospectus also relates to the issuance by us of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Public Warrants, Private Placement Warrants, and Madryn Options. We will receive proceeds from any exercise of the warrants for cash.

Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders have authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectuses prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders will make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of the date on the front of those documents only, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

The Selling Securityholders and their permitted transferees may use the shelf registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part to sell securities from time to time through any means described in the section entitled “Plan of Distribution.” More specific terms of any securities that the Selling Securityholders and their permitted transferees offer and sell may be provided in a prospectus supplement that describes, among other things, the specific amounts and prices of the securities being offered and the terms of the offering.

We may also provide a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement to add information to, or update or change information contained in, this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in such prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any statement so superseded will be deemed not to constitute a part of this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement together with the additional information to which we refer you in the sections of this prospectus entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Unless expressly indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to the “SomaLogic”, the “Company,” the “Registrant”, “we,” “us” and “our” in this prospectus refer to SomaLogic, Inc., a Delaware corporation, the parent entity formerly named CM Life Sciences II, Inc. after giving effect to the Business Combination, and as renamed SomaLogic, Inc., and where appropriate our wholly-owned subsidiaries (including SomaLogic, Inc. prior to giving effect to the Business Combination (“Old SomaLogic”)). References to the consummation of the Business Combination shall be as of the “Closing,” and such date of the consummation of the Business Combination, the “Closing Date.”

MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

This prospectus contains estimates and information concerning our industry, our business, and the market for our products and services, including our general expectations of our market position, market growth forecasts, our market opportunity, and size of the markets in which we participate, that are based on industry publications, surveys, and reports that have been prepared by independent third parties. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to these estimates. Although we have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the data contained in these industry publications, surveys, and reports, we believe the publications, surveys, and reports are generally reliable, although such information is inherently subject to uncertainties and imprecision. The industry in which we operate is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section entitled “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in these publications and reports.

TRADEMARKS

This document contains references to trademarks and service marks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ® or ™ symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that the applicable licensor will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, its rights to these trademarks and trade names. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks or service marks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of it by, any other companies.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including with respect to the anticipated effects of the Business Combination. These statements are based on the current expectations and beliefs of management of the Company and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include statements about future financial and operating results of the Company; statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations of the Company; statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; and other statements regarding the future business of the Company. Forward-looking statements may contain words such as “will be,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “continue,” “project,” “believe,” “plan,” “could,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “guidance,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “pursue,” “should,” “target” or similar expressions, and include the assumptions that underlie such statements. These statements include, but are not limited to the following:

•        the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances, including the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against the Company;

•        the ability to maintain the listing of the Company’s Common Stock on the Nasdaq, as applicable;

•        the risk of disruption to the Company’s current plans and operations;

•        the ability to recognize the anticipated benefits of the Company’s business, which may be affected by, among other things, competition and the ability to grow and manage growth profitably and retain its key employees;

•        costs related to the Company’s business;

•        changes in applicable laws or regulations;

•        the ability of the Company to raise financing in the future;

•        the success, cost and timing of the Company’s product development activities;

•        the Company’s ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval for its products, and any related restrictions and limitations of any approved product;

•        the Company’s ability to maintain existing license agreements and manufacturing arrangements;

•        the Company’s ability to compete with other companies currently marketing or engaged in the development of products and services that serve customers engaged in proteomic analysis, many of which have greater financial and marketing resources than the Company;

•        the size and growth potential of the markets for the Company’s products, and the ability of each to serve those markets, either alone or in partnership with others;

•        the Company’s estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and needs for additional financing;

•        the Company’s financial performance;

•        the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company; and

•        other factors detailed under the section entitled “Risk Factors.”

The forward-looking statements contained in this registration statement are based on the Company’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting the Company will be those that the Company has anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond the Company’s control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described under section entitled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of the assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. The Company will not and does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully review and consider the following risk factors and the other information contained in prospectus, including the financial statements and notes to the financial statements included herein and the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” before deciding whether to invest in our securities. We cannot assure you that any of the events discussed below will not occur. These events could have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Unless otherwise indicated, references to our business being harmed in these risk factors will include harm to our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations, net revenue and future prospects. In such event, the trading price of our Common Stock could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. We may face additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, which may also impair our business or financial condition. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to the financial statements included herein. Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “SomaLogic,” the “Company,” the “Registrant,” “we,” “us” and “our” in this prospectus refer to SomaLogic, Inc., the parent entity formerly named CM Life Sciences II Inc., after giving effect to the Business Combination, and as renamed SomaLogic, Inc., and where appropriate, our wholly-owned subsidiaries (including Old SomaLogic).

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We expect to make significant investments in our continued research and development of new services and products, which may not be successful

As of June 30, 2021, we have a library of approximately 7,000 protein target measurements and plan to increase our library to approximately 10,000 protein target measurements in the next 24 months, and an even greater number over time. We also plan to invest in our sales and marketing infrastructure to grow our customer base and sell more products and services to existing customers. We expect to incur significant expenses to advance these development efforts, but they may not be successful. Even if we are ultimately successful in these efforts, our gross margins may suffer as we invest in advance of potential revenue growth. Further, despite our plans to increase our library of protein targets over time, we cannot guarantee this trajectory.

Developing new products, services and software is a speculative and risky endeavor. Products, services or software that initially show promise may fail to achieve the desired results or may not achieve acceptable levels of analytical accuracy or clinical utility. We may need to alter our products in development and repeat studies before we identify a potentially successful product or service. Product development is expensive, may take years to complete and can have uncertain outcomes. Failure can occur at any stage of the development. If, after development, a product appears successful, we or our collaborators may, depending on the nature of the product, need to obtain the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”), European Medicines Agency (“EMA”) and other regulatory clearances, authorizations or approvals before we can market the product. The FDA’s and EMA’s clearance, authorization or approval pathways are likely to involve significant time, as well as additional research, development and clinical study expenditures. The FDA, EMA or other applicable regulatory authority may not clear, authorize or approve any future product we develop. Even if we develop a product that receives regulatory clearance, authorization or approval, we or our collaborators would need to commit substantial resources to commercialize, sell and market the product before it could be profitable, and the product or service may never be commercially successful. Additionally, development of any product or service may be disrupted or made less viable by the development of competing products or services.

New potential products and services may fail at any stage of development or commercialization and if we determine that any of our current or future services, products or software is unlikely to succeed, we may abandon them without any return on our investment. If we are unsuccessful in developing additional services, products or software, our potential for growth may be impaired.

We have incurred losses, from time to time, since we were formed and we may incur losses in the future.

We incurred net losses of $22.8 million and $36.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $53.0 million and $57.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of June 30, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $434.2 million. We may incur additional losses in the future as we plan to invest significant additional funds toward expansion of our commercial organization, the improvement and development of our technology and new product and service development. In addition, we will incur significant legal, accounting, and other expenses that we did not incur as a private business. These increased expenses will make it harder for us to sustain future profitability. We may incur additional losses in the future for a number of reasons, many of which are beyond our control, including the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section, the market acceptance of our new services, future service development and our market penetration and margins. Our failure to become profitable could depress the value of our Common Stock could impair our ability to raise capital, expand our business, maintain our research and development efforts or continue our operations. A decline in the value of our Common Stock could also cause you to lose all or part of your investment.

Seasonality may cause fluctuations in our revenue and results of operations.

We operate on a December 31st fiscal year end and believe that there are significant seasonal factors which may cause sales of our products to vary on a quarterly or yearly basis and increase the magnitude of quarterly or annual fluctuations in our operating results. We believe that this seasonality results from a number of factors, including the procurement and budgeting cycles of many of our customers, especially government- or grant-funded customers, whose cycles often coincide with government fiscal year ends. For example, the United States government’s fiscal year end occurs in our third quarter and may result in increased sales of our products during such quarter if government-funded customers have unused funds that may be forfeited, or future budgets that may be reduced, if such funds remain unspent at such fiscal year end. Furthermore, the academic budgetary cycle similarly requires grantees to “use or lose” their grant funding, which seems to be tied disproportionately to the end of the calendar year, driving sales higher during the fourth quarter. Similarly, our biopharmaceutical customers typically have calendar year fiscal years that also result in a disproportionate amount of their purchasing activity occurring during our fourth quarter. These factors have contributed, and may contribute in the future, to substantial fluctuations in our quarterly operating results. Because of these fluctuations, it is possible that in some quarters our operating results will fall below the expectations of securities analysts or investors. If that happens, the market price of our shares could decrease. These fluctuations, among other factors, also mean that our operating results in any particular period may not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Seasonal or cyclical variations in our sales have in the past, and may in the future, become more or less pronounced over time, and have in the past materially affected, and may in the future materially affect, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Additionally, impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic could cause unpredictable temporary or permanent fluctuations in seasonal or cyclical variations.

We may need to raise additional capital to fund commercialization plans for our services and products, including manufacturing, sales and marketing activities, expand investments in research, and development and commercialize new products and applications.

Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. We expect to expend substantial additional amounts to continue to commercialize our services and products and to develop new ones. We expect to use the funds received in connection with the Business Combination to continue to develop and commercialize our services and products, develop new products and services, engage in commercial collaborations and relationships, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. We may require additional capital to continue to develop and commercialize our services and products. In addition, our operating plans may change as a result of many factors that may currently be unknown to us, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned.

We cannot guarantee that future financing will be available in sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Moreover, the terms of any future financing may adversely affect the holdings or the rights of new stockholders and the issuance of additional securities, whether equity or debt, by us, or the possibility of such issuance, may cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline. The incurrence of indebtedness could result in increased fixed payment obligations, and we may be required to agree to certain restrictive covenants, such as limitations on our ability to incur additional debt, limitations on our ability to acquire, sell or license intellectual property rights and

other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business. We could also be required to seek funds through arrangements with collaborative partners or otherwise at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable, and we may be required to relinquish rights to some of our technologies or products or otherwise agree to terms that are unfavorable to us, any of which may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and prospects. In addition, raising additional capital through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities would cause dilution to holders of our equity securities, and may affect the rights of then-existing holders of our equity securities. Even if we believe that we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans, we may seek additional capital if market conditions are favorable or if it has specific strategic considerations.

Our ability to use our net operating losses and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

Under legislation enacted in 2017, informally titled the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, unused federal net operating losses (“NOLs”) generated in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, will not expire and may be carried forward indefinitely, and generally may not be carried back to prior taxable years, except that under the CARES Act, net operating losses generated in 2018, 2019 and 2020 may be carried back five taxable years. Additionally, the deductibility of such federal NOLs in tax years beginning after December 31, 2020, is limited to 80% of taxable income. It is uncertain if and to what extent various states will conform to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or the CARES Act. In addition, under Sections 382 and 383 of the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” generally defined as a cumulative change of more than 50 percentage points (by value) in its equity ownership by certain stockholders over a three-year period, the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change NOL carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes (such as research tax credits) to offset its post-change income or taxes may be limited. We may experience ownership changes in the future as a result of shifts in our stock ownership (some of which may be outside our control), including in connection with the Business Combination and the PIPE Investment. As a result, if we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our pre-change NOL carryforwards to offset such taxable income may be subject to limitations. Similar provisions of state tax law may also apply to limit our use of accumulated state tax attributes. For example, California recently imposed limits on the usability of California state NOLs to offset taxable income in tax years beginning after 2019 and before 2023. As a result, even if we attain profitability, we may be unable to use a material portion of our NOL carryforwards and other tax attributes, which could adversely affect our future cash flows.

Our operating results have in the past fluctuated significantly and may continue to fluctuate significantly in the future, which makes our future operating results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations or any guidance we may provide.

Our quarterly and annual operating results may fluctuate significantly, which makes it difficult for us to predict our future operating results. These fluctuations may occur due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including, but not limited to:

•        cyclical nature of business, including budget cycles of customers, such as pharmaceutical companies as well as research partners;

•        our dependence on single source and sole source suppliers for some of the components and materials used in our assay services;

•        production problems that could impact our ability to perform our assay at optimal production levels;

•        the level of demand for our proteomics analysis services, which may vary significantly, and our ability to increase penetration in our existing markets and expand into new markets;

•        the outcomes of and related rulings in the litigation and administrative proceedings in which we are currently or may in the future become involved;

•        the timing and cost of, and level of investment in, research and development and commercialization activities relating to our services and products, which may change from time to time;

•        the volume and mix of our service sales or changes in the manufacturing or sales costs related to our proteomics analysis services;

•        the success of our recently introduced services and the introduction of other new services and products or service enhancements by us or others in our industry;

•        the timing and amount of expenditures that we may incur to acquire, develop or commercialize additional services and technologies or for other purposes, such as the expansion of our facilities;

•        future accounting pronouncements;

•        the outcome of any future litigation or governmental investigations involving us, our industry or both;

•        general market conditions and other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors;

•        customers accelerating, cancelling, reducing or delaying orders as a result of developments related to any potential litigation;

•        the impacts of infectious disease, epidemics and outbreaks, including the effects of the coronavirus outbreak on our business operations in geographic locations impacted by such disease, epidemic or outbreak and on the business operations of our customers, manufacturers and suppliers; and

•        other factors described in this “Risk Factors” section.

The cumulative effects of the factors discussed above could result in large fluctuations and unpredictability in our quarterly and annual operating results. As a result, comparing our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. Investors should not rely on our past results as an indication of our future performance.

This variability and unpredictability could also result in our failing to meet the expectations of industry or financial analysts or investors for any period. If our revenue or operating results fall below the expectations of analysts or investors or below any guidance we may provide, or if the guidance we provide is below the expectations of analysts or investors, the price of our Common Stock could decline substantially. Such a stock price decline could occur even when we have met or exceeded any previously publicly stated guidance we may provide.

Our current and future services and products may never achieve significant commercial market acceptance.

Our success depends on the market’s confidence that we can provide research and diagnostic products and services that improve clinical outcomes, lower healthcare costs, aid in research efforts directed at the better understanding of human biology, and enable better biopharmaceutical development. Failure of our services and products, or those jointly developed with our collaborators, to perform as expected could significantly impair our operating results and our reputation. We believe academic institutions and biopharmaceutical companies are likely to be particularly sensitive to defects, errors, inaccuracies, delays in or associated with our services. We and our collaborators may not succeed in achieving significant commercial market acceptance for our current or future services and products due to a number of factors, including:

•        the impact of our investments in service and product innovation and commercial growth;

•        our ability to demonstrate the utility of our platform and related services and their potential advantages over existing technologies to academic institutions, biopharmaceutical companies and the medical community;

•        our ability, and that of our collaborators, to comply with FDA and other regulatory requirements; and

•        the rate of adoption of our services and products by academic institutions, key opinion leaders and advocacy groups.

Additionally, our customers and collaborators may decide to decrease or discontinue their use of our services due to changes in their research and development plans, financial constraints, the regulatory environment, negative publicity about our services or competing products both of which are circumstances outside of our control. We may not be successful in addressing these or other factors that might affect the market acceptance of our services and technologies. Failure to achieve widespread market acceptance of our services and products could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Errors or defects in our services or products could harm our reputation, decrease market acceptance of our services or products or expose us to product liability claims.

We are creating new services and products. The testing processes utilize a number of complex and sophisticated biochemical, informatics, optical and mechanical processes, many of which are highly sensitive to external factors. An operational or technology failure in one of these complex processes or fluctuations in external factors may result in less efficient processing or variation between testing runs. Refinements to our processes may initially result in unanticipated issues that reduce the efficiency or increase variability. In particular, sequencing, which is a key component of these processes, could be inefficient with higher than expected variability thereby increasing total sequencing costs and reducing the number of samples we can process in a given time period. Therefore, inefficient or variable processes can cause variability in our operating results and damage our reputation.

In addition, our laboratory operations could result in any number of errors or defects. Our quality assurance system may fail to prevent us from inadvertent problems with samples, sample quality, lab processes including sequencing, software, data upload or analysis, raw materials, reagent manufacturing, assay quality or design, or other components or processes. In addition, our assays may have quality or design errors, and we may have inadequate procedures or instrumentation to process samples, assemble our proprietary primer mixes and commercial materials, upload and analyze data, or otherwise conduct our laboratory operations. If we provide services with undiscovered errors to our customers, our clinical diagnostics may falsely indicate a patient has a disease or fail to detect disease in a patient who requires treatment. We believe our customers are likely to be particularly sensitive to service and product defects, errors and delays, including if our services and products fail to indicate the presence of residual disease with high accuracy from clinical specimens or if we fail to list or inaccurately indicate the presence or absence of disease in our test report. In drug discovery, such errors may interfere with our customers’ clinical studies or result in adverse safety or efficacy profiles for their products in development. This may harm our customers’ businesses and may cause us to incur significant costs, divert the attention of key personnel, encourage regulatory enforcement action against us, create a significant customer relations problem for us and cause our reputation to suffer. We may also be subject to warranty and liability claims for damages related to errors or defects in our services or products. Any of these developments could harm our business and operating results.

Our business will depend significantly on research and development spending by pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and academic, governmental and other research institutions, and any reduction in spending could limit demand for our services and products and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

We expect that substantially all of our sales revenue in the near term will be generated from sales to pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and academic, governmental and other research institutions. Much of these customers’ funding will be, in turn, provided by various state, federal and international government agencies. As a result, the demand for our services and products will depend upon the research and development budgets of these customers, which are impacted by factors beyond our control, such as:

•        decreases in government funding of research and development;

•        changes to programs that provide funding to research laboratories and institutions, including changes in the amount of funds allocated to different areas of research or changes that have the effect of increasing the length of the funding process;

•        macroeconomic conditions and the political climate;

•        researchers’ opinions of the utility of our technology platform;

•        citation of our technology platform in published research;

•        potential changes in the regulatory environment;

•        differences in budgetary cycles, especially government- or grant-funded customers, whose cycles often coincide with government fiscal year ends;

•        competitor services and product offerings or pricing;

•        market-driven pressures to consolidate operations and reduce costs; and

•        market acceptance of relatively new technologies.

In addition, various state, federal and international government agencies that provide grants and other funding may be subject to stringent budgetary constraints that could result in spending reductions, reduced grant making, reduced allocations or budget cutbacks, which could jeopardize the ability of these customers, or the customers to whom they provide funding, to purchase our assay services. For example, congressional appropriations to the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) have generally increased year-over-year for the last 20 years, and reached a new high in 2020, but the NIH also experiences occasional year-over-year decreases in appropriations, including as recently as 2013. In addition, funding for life science research has increased more slowly during the past several years compared to previous years and has actually declined in some countries. There is no guarantee that NIH appropriations will not decrease in the future, and a decrease may be more likely under the current administration, whose annual budget proposals have repeatedly decreased NIH appropriations. A decrease in the amount of, or delay in the approval of, appropriations to NIH or other similar United States or international organizations, such as the Medical Research Council in the United Kingdom, could result in fewer grants benefiting life sciences research. These reductions or delays could also result in a decrease in the aggregate amount of grants awarded for life sciences research or the redirection of existing funding to other projects or priorities, any of which in turn could cause our customers and potential customers to reduce or delay purchases of our services and products. Our operating results may fluctuate substantially due to any such reductions and delays. Any decrease in our customers’ budgets or expenditures, or in the size, scope or frequency of their capital or operating expenditures, could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

The life sciences industry is subject to rapid change, which could make our proteomics platform and related services and products that we develop obsolete. Our long-term results depend upon our ability to improve existing services and products, and our ability to introduce and market new services and products successfully.

Our business is dependent on the continued improvement of our existing services and products and our development of new services and products utilizing our existing technology or other potential future technology. As we introduce new services and products or refine, improve or upgrade versions of existing services and products, we cannot predict the level of market acceptance or the amount of market share these services and products will achieve, if any. We cannot assure you that we will not experience material delays in the introduction of new services and products in the future.

We generally sell our services and products in industries that are characterized by rapid technological changes, frequent new product introductions and changing industry standards. If we do not develop new services and products and service enhancements based on technological innovation on a timely basis, our services and products may become obsolete over time and our revenues, cash flow, profitability and competitive position will suffer. Our success will depend on several factors, including our ability to:

•        correctly identify customer needs and preferences and predict future needs and preferences;

•        allocate our research and development funding to services and products with higher growth prospects;

•        anticipate and respond to our competitors’ development of new services and products and technological innovations;

•        innovate and develop new technologies and applications, and acquire or obtain rights to third party technologies that may have valuable applications in the markets we serve;

•        successfully commercialize new technologies in a timely manner, price them competitively and manufacture and deliver sufficient volumes of new services and products of appropriate quality on time; and

•        convince customers to adopt new technologies.

In addition, if we fail to accurately predict future customer needs and preferences or fail to produce viable technologies, we may invest heavily in research and development of services and products that do not lead to significant revenue. Even if we successfully innovate and develop new services and products and service enhancements, we may incur substantial costs in doing so, and our profitability may suffer.

Our ability to develop new services and products based on innovation can affect our competitive position and often requires the investment of significant resources. Difficulties or delays in research, development or production of new products and services or failure to gain market acceptance of new services and products and technologies may reduce future revenues and adversely affect our competitive position.

The majority of our operations and laboratory processes are currently conducted at a single location and any disruption at our facility could negatively impact our operations and increase our expenses.

Our headquarters in Boulder, Colorado contains nearly all of our corporate and administrative functions, the majority of our research, laboratory facilities, and all of our in-house manufacturing. A natural or other disaster or casualty event could cause substantial delays or other disruptions in our operations, damage or destroy our manufacturing equipment or inventory, and cause us to incur additional expenses. Our facilities and equipment could be harmed or rendered inoperable by natural or man-made disasters, including war, fire, earthquake, power loss, communications failure or terrorism, which may render it difficult or impossible for us to operate our platform for some period of time. The inability to perform our laboratory processes or to reduce the backlog that could develop if our facilities are inoperable, for even a short period of time, may result in the loss of customers or harm to our reputation, and we may be unable to regain those customers or repair our reputation in the future.

Although we maintain insurance that may cover certain losses in connection with a fire and certain types of other casualty events, we cannot be certain our insurance coverage will be adequate for losses actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future losses. One or more large losses that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our financial condition, results of operations and reputation. With or without insurance, damage to our manufacturing facility or our other property due to fire, natural disaster or other casualty event may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are unable to support demand for our commercial assay services, our business could suffer.

As demand for our assay services grows, we will need to continue to scale our assay capacity and processing technology in order to support our data retention. We will also need to expand customer service, billing and systems processes and enhance our internal quality assurance program in order to support demand for assay services. We will also need additional certified laboratory scientists and other scientific and technical personnel to process higher volumes of samples. We cannot assure you that any increases in scale, related improvements and quality assurance will be successfully implemented or that appropriate personnel will be available.

Further, our data and bioinformatics platform leverages third-parties heavily for day-to-day operations. If we cannot expand capabilities or have any issues relying on third-parties it could negatively impact our growth and our business. Additionally, if there are advancements in artificial intelligence technologies that we do not have access or the ability to use and our competitors can use it then they may create a superior or more desirable service.

Failure to implement necessary procedures, transition to new processes or hire the necessary personnel could result in higher costs of processing samples, quality control issues or inability to meet demand. There can be no assurance that we will be able to perform our assay services on a timely basis at a level consistent with demand, or that our efforts to scale our operations will not negatively affect the quality of assay services results. If we encounter difficulty meeting market demand or quality standards, our reputation could be harmed and our future prospects and our business could suffer.

Our reliance on distributors for sales of our services and products in certain geographies outside of the United States could limit or prevent us from selling our services and products and impact our revenue.

In Asia and certain regions of Europe, we sell our services and products through third-party distributors, and we intend to continue to grow our business internationally and to do so we must attract additional distributors and retain existing distributors to maximize the commercial opportunity for our services. There is no guarantee that we will be successful in attracting or retaining desirable sales and distribution partners or that we will be able to enter into such arrangements on favorable terms. Most of our distribution relationships are non-exclusive and permit such distributors to distribute competing services. As such, our distributors may not commit the necessary resources to market our services to the level of our expectations or may choose to favor marketing the services of our competitors. If current or future distributors do not perform adequately or we are unable to enter into effective arrangements with distributors in particular geographic areas, we may not realize long-term international revenue growth.

If we experience a significant disruption in our information technology systems or breaches of data security, our business could be adversely affected.

We rely on information technology systems to keep financial records, manage our manufacturing operations, fulfill customer orders, capture laboratory data, maintain corporate records, communicate with staff and external parties and operate other critical functions. Our information technology systems, and those of our vendors, are potentially vulnerable to disruption due to breakdown, malicious intrusion and computer viruses or other disruptive events including but not limited to natural disaster. If we were to experience a prolonged system disruption in our information technology systems or those of certain of our vendors, it could negatively impact our ability to serve our customers, which could adversely impact our business. Although we maintain offsite back-ups of our data, if operations at our facilities were disrupted, it could cause a material disruption in our business if we are not capable of restoring function on an acceptable timeframe.

In addition, our information technology systems, and those of our vendors, are potentially vulnerable to data security breaches — whether by employees or others — which may expose sensitive data to unauthorized persons. Such data security breaches, whether resulting from hacking, social engineering, phishing, or other causes could lead to the loss of confidential information, trade secrets or other intellectual property, or could lead to unauthorized access to or acquisition of, or the public exposure of, personal information (including sensitive personal information) of our employees, customers and others, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims, investigations or proceedings by governmental entities or private parties, adverse publicity and harm to our reputation, loss of business, and liability under laws or regulations, including state data protection regulations and the GDPR (as defined below), and other regulations, the breach of which could result in significant penalties. In addition, these breaches and other inappropriate access can be difficult to detect, and any delay in identifying them may lead to increased harm of the types described above. We expect to continue to expend significant resources to protect against security breaches, and could be required to expend significant amounts to remediate and otherwise respond to security breaches, including in connection with making notifications to customers or other persons or implementing additional security measures.

Although we maintain insurance that may cover certain liabilities and losses in connection with a security breach or other security incident, we cannot be certain our insurance coverage will be adequate for liabilities or losses actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us or experience of losses that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our financial condition, results of operations and reputation.

We rely on assumptions and estimates and data to calculate certain of our key metrics, and real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics may harm our reputation and negatively affect our business.

In addition to our financial results, our management regularly reviews a number of operating and financial metrics, including a breakdown of assay services revenue, product revenue and other revenue, revenue by customer

market (government, pharmaceutical/biotechnology and academia), and status of pipeline opportunities that represent customers in test, trials, pilots and full deployments, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. As both the industry in which we operate and our businesses continue to evolve, so too might the metrics by which we evaluate our businesses. In addition, while the calculation of the metrics we use is based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates, our internal tools are not independently verified by a third party and have a number of limitations and, furthermore, our methodologies for tracking these metrics may change over time, for example, the industry breakdown of our customer revenue by government, pharma/bio and academia sales. Further, our pipeline opportunities may fail to materialize, which may lead to an inability to develop our business at all. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on these metrics.

Our business has inherent operational risks that cannot be adequately covered by insurance or indemnity.

We may face unanticipated risks of legal liability for damages caused by the actual or alleged failure of our services and products. Our services and products may be deployed in response to an emergency or terrorist attack, which may increase our exposure to third party claims. While we have attempted to secure business liability insurance coverage at appropriate cost, it is impossible to insure against all risks inherent in our industry, nor can we assure you that our insurers will pay a particular claim, or that we will be able to maintain coverage at reasonable rates in the future. Our insurance policies also contain deductibles, limitations and exclusions, which increase our costs in the event of a claim. Substantial claims in excess of or not otherwise covered by indemnity or insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our current revenues are derived almost entirely from our research-based business operations with a limited number of customers and collaborators in a concentrated and competitive business sector.

Our current and largest customer base is primarily composed of pharmaceutical and academic institutions, as well as biopharmaceutical organizations. Given that our current revenues are derived from these concentrated business sectors and a limited number of customers and collaborators our ability to conduct our business and generate revenue could be harmed by the loss of major customers in our research-based business operations, and any events or circumstances that broadly affect research-based sectors within our customer base, including, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, contracted research and academia. Although research-based business is a large sector of the life sciences industry, it is a concentrated sector and our future revenues and success will depend upon our ability to respond to the evolving needs of the marketplace, including among existing customers and collaborators, and through increasing our customer base both in our research-based business and other sectors of the life-sciences industry, such as our clinical-based business and direct-to-consumer business operations. Although we have recently experienced success in the life sciences industry, which we believe is in part due to a growing customer base and wider acceptance of our technology, it is not advisable to rely on our past results as an indication of our future performance in a competitive industry where our continued success will be dependent upon our ability to expand our existing customer base and attracting new types of customers.

Our warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes in value of our warrants could have a material effect on our financial results.

On April 12, 2021, the Acting Director of the Division of Corporation Finance and Acting Chief Accountant of the SEC together issued a statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies entitled “Staff Statement on Accounting and Reporting Considerations for Warrants Issued by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”)” (the “SEC Statement”). Specifically, the SEC Statement expressed the view that certain terms and conditions common to warrants issued in connection with the initial public offerings of special purpose acquisition companies may require such warrants to be classified as liabilities on a balance sheet rather than as equity. As a result of the SEC Statement and in light of evolving views as to certain provisions commonly included in warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies, CMLS II, in consultation with CMLS II’s independent registered public accounting firm and CMLS II’s audit committee, reevaluated the accounting treatment of the 5,520,000 Public Warrants and 5,013,333 Private Placement Warrants, and determined to revise its prior position and reclassify the warrants as derivative liabilities measured at fair value, with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings.

As a result, included on CMLS II’s balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 contained elsewhere in this registration statement are derivative liabilities related to the warrants. Accounting Standards Codification 815, Derivatives and Hedging, provides for the remeasurement of the fair value of such derivatives at each balance sheet date, with a resulting non-cash gain or loss related to the change in the fair value being recognized in earnings in the statement of operations. As a result of the recurring fair value measurement, our financial statements and results of operations may fluctuate quarterly, based on factors, which are outside of our control. Due to the recurring fair value measurement, we expect that we will recognize non-cash gains or losses on our warrants each reporting period and that the amount of such gains or losses could be material.

Prior to the Business Combination, CMLS II identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting as of February 25, 2021. If our remediation measures are ineffective, we may not be able to report our financial condition or results of operations accurately or on a timely basis, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and, as a result, the value of our Common Stock.

Following the issuance of the SEC Statement on April 12, 2021, CMLS II’s management and its audit committee re-evaluated the accounting for its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants issued in connection with the IPO and concluded that, in light of the SEC Statement, it was appropriate to revise its prior position on accounting for warrants as equity instruments to instead classify warrants as liabilities measured at fair value, with subsequent fair value remeasurement (the “Reclassification”). See section entitled “— Our warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes in value of our warrants could have a material effect on our financial results.” As part of such process, CMLS II identified a material weakness in its internal controls over financial reporting.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected on a timely basis.

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and prevent fraud. To respond to this material weakness, CMLS II devoted and we plan to continue to devote, significant effort and resources to the remediation and improvement of its internal control over financial reporting. These remediation measures may be time consuming and costly and there is no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects.

If we identify any new material weaknesses in the future, any such newly identified material weakness could limit our ability to prevent or detect a misstatement of our accounts or disclosures that could result in a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements. In such case, we may be unable to maintain compliance with securities law requirements regarding timely filing of periodic reports in addition to applicable stock exchange listing requirements, investors may lose confidence in our financial reporting and our stock price may decline as a result. We cannot assure you that the measures we have taken to date, or any measures we may take in the future, will be sufficient to avoid potential future material weaknesses.

We may face litigation and other risks as a result of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting.

Following the issuance of the SEC Statement, CMLS II’s management and its audit committee concluded that it was appropriate to revise its prior position on accounting for warrants as equity instruments to instead classify warrants as liabilities measured at fair value, with subsequent fair value remeasurement. See section entitled “— Our warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes in value of our warrants could have a material effect on our financial results.” As part of the Reclassification, CMLS II identified a material weakness in its internal controls over financial reporting.

As a result of such material weakness, the Reclassification, and other matters raised or that may in the future be raised by the SEC, we face potential for litigation or other disputes which may include, among others, claims invoking the federal and state securities laws, contractual claims or other claims arising from the Reclassification and material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements. As of the date of this prospectus, we have no knowledge of any such litigation or dispute. However, we can provide no assurance

that such litigation or dispute will not arise in the future. Any such litigation or dispute, whether successful or not, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition or our ability to complete a business combination.

Old SomaLogic identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting. If our remediation measures are ineffective, or if we experience additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls in the future, we may not be able to report our financial condition or results of operations accurately or on a timely basis, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and, as a result, the value of our Common Stock.

Old SomaLogic identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting for the year ended December 31, 2020 due to ineffective controls over the financial statement close process and lack of sufficient accounting and financial reporting personnel to ensure consistent application of GAAP and compliance with SEC rules and regulations.

We are in the process of remediating the deficiency. We cannot assure you that the material weakness will be remediated by us on the timelines currently anticipated, or at all, and/or that there will not be additional material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting in the future. Any failure to maintain internal control over financial reporting could severely inhibit our ability to accurately report its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

If we are unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm determines we have a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our Common Stock could decline, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by Nasdaq, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public companies, could also restrict our future access to the capital markets.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results in a timely manner or prevent fraud, which would harm our business.

Effective internal controls over financial reporting are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and, together with adequate disclosure controls and procedures, are designed to prevent fraud. Any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations in a timely manner, or at all. In addition, any testing by us conducted in connection with Section 404(a) of SOX or any subsequent testing by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with Section 404(b) of SOX, may reveal deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be significant deficiencies or material weaknesses or that may require prospective or retroactive changes to our financial statements or identify other areas for further attention or improvement. As discussed above, we have identified a material weakness which we are in the process of remedying. However, our efforts to remediate previous material weaknesses may not be effective or prevent any future deficiency in our internal control over financial reporting. Ineffective internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our Common Stock.

We will be required to disclose material changes made in our internal controls over financing reporting on a quarterly basis and our management will be required to assess the effectiveness of these controls annually. Beginning with our second annual report on Form 10-K, we will be required to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will be required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. However, for as long as we are an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b).

To achieve compliance with Section 404(a) within the prescribed period, we will be engaging in a process to document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, which is both costly and challenging. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants and adopt a plan to assess and document the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, validate through testing that controls are designed and operating effectively and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting.

An independent assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls could detect problems that our management’s assessment might not identify. Undetected material weaknesses in our internal controls could lead to financial statement restatements and require us to incur the expense of remediation.

If our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies prove to be incorrect, our operating results could be adversely affected.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and related notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, as provided in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus. The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets, liabilities, and equity, and the amount of revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Critical accounting policies and estimates used in preparing our consolidated financial statements include those related to revenue recognition, inventory, compound derivative liability and stock-based compensation expense. Our operating results may be adversely affected if our assumptions change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our assumptions, which could cause our operating results to fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the price of our Common Stock.

If we were to be sued for product liability or professional liability, we could face substantial liabilities that exceed our resources.

The marketing, sale and use of our services and products could lead to the filing of product or professional liability claims were someone to allege that our services or products identified inaccurate, incomplete or untimely information regarding the binding specificity and/or performance of our reagents for their respective protein targets, the performance consistency of our SomaScan® assay and SomaSignal™ tests, or that our services or products otherwise failed to perform as designed or intended. We may also be subject to liability for errors in, a misunderstanding of or inappropriate reliance upon, the information we provide in the ordinary course of our business activities. A product liability or professional liability claim could result in substantial damages and be costly and time-consuming for us to defend. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, product liability and professional liability claims may result in:

•        decreased demand for any products, services or clinical solutions that we have developed or may develop;

•        loss of revenue;

•        significant time and costs to defend related litigation;

•        the inability to commercialize any products, services or clinical solutions that we have developed or may develop; and

•        injury to our reputation and significant negative media attention.

Although we maintain insurance that may cover certain product liability and professional liability claims, we cannot be certain our insurance coverage will be adequate for claims actually asserted, that insurance will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future liabilities. One or more large claims that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our financial condition, results of operations and reputation. Any product liability or professional liability claim brought against us, with or without merit, could increase our insurance rates or prevent us from securing insurance coverage in the future. Additionally, any product liability lawsuit could cause current collaborators to terminate existing agreements or potential collaborators to seek other companies, any of which could impact our results of operations.

We rely on certain scientific methodologies and metrics to evaluate our services and products, and real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics or new developments in the industry may adversely affect our reputation and business.

As part of achieving commercial market acceptance for our current and future services and products, our management and experts regularly review and use a number of methodologies and metrics, including affinity levels, to evaluate and measure the performance of our services and products. Although we believe that the current science and data available to us, including metrics such as affinity levels, demonstrates that our services and products are superior in the proteomics field, there is always potential that through discoveries, innovations and advances in technology in an emerging field like proteomics, the metrics underlying our assumptions and estimations could be perceived to be inaccurate or misplaced, or our services and products could be proved to be outdated or inferior to new technologies. As both the industry in which we operate and our business continues to evolve, so too might the methodologies and metrics by which we evaluate our services and products. If we do not continue to improve our methodologies and metrics and our ability to evaluate our services and products against other technologies, or such efforts are outpaced by our competitors, it could ultimately have a negative effect on our business and reputation which we believe to be a leader in the field of proteomics. Additionally, while the scientific methodologies and calculation of the metrics we use is based on established science and current technology and data to inform what we believe to be reasonable estimates about our services and products, there could be limitations or superior methods we are not aware of and, further, our current practices for tracking these methodologies and metrics and may change over time, as new technologies, innovations and discoveries are adopted or become generally accepted in the scientific community. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on the scientific metrics and methodologies that we use to evaluate the performance of our services and products given the evolving proteomics field and innovative nature of the life sciences industry.

If our services and products fail to achieve and sustain sufficient market acceptance, our revenue could be adversely affected.

Our success depends on our ability to develop and market services and products that are recognized and accepted as reliable, enabling and cost-effective. Most of the potential customers for our services already use expensive research systems in their laboratories that they have used for many years and may be reluctant to replace those systems with ours. Market acceptance of our technology platform will depend on many factors, including our ability to convince potential customers that our technology is an attractive alternative to other available technologies. Prior to adopting our technologies, some potential customers may need to devote time and effort to testing and validating our systems. Any failure of our systems to meet these customer benchmarks could result in potential customers choosing to retain their existing systems or to purchase systems other than ours. In addition, it is important that our technology platform be perceived as accurate and reliable by the scientific and medical research community as a whole. Historically, a significant part of our sales and marketing efforts have been directed at demonstrating the advantages of our technology to industry leaders and encouraging such leaders to publish or present the results of their evaluation of our system. If we are unable to continue to motivate leading researchers to use our technology platform, or if such researchers are unable to achieve or unwilling to publish or present significant experimental results using our systems, acceptance and adoption of our systems may be slowed and our ability to increase our revenue would be adversely affected.

If we fail to offer high-quality customer service, our business and reputation could suffer.

We will continue to differentiate ourselves from our competition through our commitment to an exceptional customer experience. Accordingly, high-quality customer service is important for the growth of our business and any failure to maintain such standards of customer service, or a related market perception, could affect our ability to sell services and products to existing and prospective customers. Therefore, failure to scale our customer service organization adequately may adversely impact our business results and financial condition.

Customers utilize our service teams and online content for help with a variety of topics, including how to use our services and products efficiently, how to integrate our services and products into existing workflows, how to determine which of our other services may be needed for a given experiment and how to resolve technical, analysis and operational issues if and when they arise. As we introduce new services and enhance existing services and products, we expect utilization of our customer service teams to increase. In particular, the introduction of new or improved services that utilize different workflows or variations on existing workflows may require additional customer service efforts to ensure customers use such services correctly and efficiently. Additionally, as our business scales, we may need to engage third-party customer service providers, which could increase our costs and negatively impact the quality of the customer experience if such third parties are unable to provide service levels equivalent to ours.

The number of our customers has grown significantly and such growth, as well as any future growth, will put additional pressure on our customer service organization. We may be unable to hire qualified staff quickly enough or to the extent necessary to accommodate increases in demand.

In addition, as we continue to grow our operations and reach a global customer base, we need to be able to provide efficient customer service that meets our customers’ needs globally at scale. In geographies where we sell through distributors, we rely on those distributors to provide customer service. If these third-party distributors do not provide a high-quality customer experience, our business operations and reputation may suffer.

We have limited experience producing and supplying our products, we may be unable to consistently manufacture our products or source our components to the necessary specifications or in quantities necessary to meet demand at an acceptable cost or at an acceptable performance level.

Our SomaScan® assay requires an integrated workstation with many different components that work together. As such, a quality defect in a single component can compromise the performance of the entire solution. In order to successfully generate revenue from our SomaScan® assay services, we need to acquire products that meet our expectations for quality and functionality in accordance with established specifications on a timely basis. Our equipment and components are manufactured with complex processes, sophisticated equipment and strict adherence to specifications and quality systems procedures.

In order to successfully generate revenue from our services and products, we need to supply our customers with services and products that meet their expectations for quality and functionality in accordance with established specifications. While customer complaints regarding defects in our services and products have historically been low, we have experienced quality control and manufacturing defects in the past. Our ability to generate revenue could be impacted by any future quality control issues.

As we continue to grow and introduce new services and products, and as our services and products incorporate increasingly sophisticated technology, it will be increasingly difficult to ensure our services and products are produced in the necessary quantities without sacrificing quality. There is no assurance that we or our third-party suppliers will be able to continue to manufacture our services, products and components thereof so that they consistently achieve the product specifications and quality that our customers expect. Certain of our raw materials are subjected to a shelf life, after which their performance is not ensured. While we have implemented liquid stability and expiry standards, our long-term stability studies are underway and not complete. Use of raw materials that effectively expire early or shipment of defective products or components to customers, or using such defective supplies, products or components in our own labs may result in incorrect assay results, which could increase our costs or damage our reputation with customers, and depending upon current inventory levels and the availability and lead time for additional inventory, could lead to availability issues. Any future design issues, unforeseen manufacturing problems, such as contamination of facilities, equipment malfunctions, aging components, quality issues with components and materials sourced from third-party suppliers, or failures to strictly follow procedures or meet specifications, may have a material adverse effect on our brand, business, financial condition and operating results. If we or our third-party suppliers fail to maintain quality standards or certifications, our customers might choose not to purchase services or products from us.

In addition, as we increase manufacturing capacity, we will also need to make corresponding improvements to other operational functions, such as our customer service and billing systems, compliance programs and our internal quality assurance programs. We will also need additional equipment, manufacturing time, warehouse space and trained personnel to process higher volumes of services and products. We cannot assure that any increases in scale, related improvements and quality assurance will be successfully implemented or that equipment, manufacturing and warehouse space and appropriate personnel will be available. As we develop additional services and products, we may need to bring new equipment on-line, implement new systems, technology, controls and procedures and hire personnel with different qualifications. Our ability to increase our manufacturing capacity at our Boulder, Colorado location and in supplying services and products to our customers is complicated by the use of our proprietary equipment that is not readily available from third-party manufacturers.

Development of new SomaSignal™ tests, is a complex process, and we may be unable to commercialize new diagnostic tests on a timely basis, or at all.

We cannot assure you that we will be able to develop and commercialize new diagnostic tests on a timely basis. Before we can commercialize any new diagnostic tests, we will need to expend significant funds in order to:

•        conduct research and development;

•        further develop and scale our laboratory processes; and

•        further develop and scale our infrastructure to be able to analyze increasingly larger and more diverse amounts of data.

Our testing service development process involves risk, and development efforts may fail for many reasons, including:

•        failure of any test to perform as expected;

•        lack of validation or reference data; and

•        failure to demonstrate utility of a test.

As we develop tests, we will have to make significant investments in development resources, especially if we discover that proteomic signatures are not adequate for certain tests that we are creating or might attempt to create in the future. Further, some new tests we are developing may require biological signatures that are not available yet, or are not adequate to allow for an effective test. Finally, there may be protein target classes that are more difficult to achieve high affinity measurements and test results. In addition, competitors may develop and commercialize competing tests faster than we are able to do so, which may result in an adverse effect on our business or financial condition

If we cannot obtain enough samples, it will limit our ability to grow the business. If there is a change in public confidence in personal data management, it could lead to us not being able to store or have access to enough data. If we cannot develop strong enough insights from the data collected, then we might not grow our business.

Our research and development efforts will be hindered if we are not able to contract with third parties for access to samples, including sources such as biobanks.

Under standard clinical practice, samples collected from patients, including serum, plasma, blood and other tissues, are preserved and stored onsite. We rely on our ability to secure access to these archived samples, as well as information pertaining to the clinical outcomes of the patients from which they were derived for our clinical development activities. Others compete with us for access to these samples. Additionally, the process of negotiating access to archived samples is lengthy because it typically involves numerous parties and approval levels to resolve complex issues such as usage rights, institutional review board approval, privacy rights, publication rights, intellectual property ownership and research parameters.

In January 2017, the Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) finalized new rules, which became effective as of January 19, 2018, expanding the language to be included in informed consent forms related to the collection of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens. Existing legal requirements concerning the collection and archiving of human samples and privacy related thereto, or other legal factors arising in the future, may impact our ability to negotiate access to samples with biobanks, hospitals, clinical partners, pharmaceutical companies, or companies developing diagnostics or therapeutics on a timely basis or on commercially reasonable terms. Other laboratories or our competitors may secure access to archived samples before us, and may therefore delay or limit our ability to research, develop and commercialize future services or products.

We have multi-step manufacturing processes some with long cycle times (months/years) that will continue to expand as our platform content expands. We will need to begin outsourcing some unit operations over time to ensure raw material availability and that has risks associated with it, as these are complex process chemistry operations with quality and yield requirements. Our batch sizes for key internal manufactured items are relatively fixed and generate

multiple years of production in single lots. This may lead to inventory write-offs if technology advancements occur at a faster pace than our consumption of existing inventories allow generating early obsolescence. Additionally, we are reliant on a number of sole or single-sourced vendors for key raw material and those have relatively long lead times which may limit our ability to quickly respond to market changes without large inventory investments. We have scalable service capacity as adequate raw materials are available for surge capacities as we currently are not running a 24/7 operating model.

We rely on a limited number of suppliers, or in some cases, a sole supplier, for some of the equipment and materials, or components thereof, that we use for our services and products and the loss of such suppliers or the need to find replacements or immediately transition to alternative suppliers could adversely impact our business.

We rely on a limited number of suppliers for equipment and materials, or components thereof, that we use in our services and products or laboratory operations. Any disruption in certain of our supplier’s operations, or our inability to negotiate an extension to the applicable agreements on acceptable terms, or at all, or any competitive pressures, could negatively impact our supply chain and operations and our ability to conduct our business and generate revenue. Our suppliers could cease supplying these materials and equipment, or components thereof, at any time, or fail to provide us with sufficient quantities to meet our specifications. Any such interruption could significantly affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and reputation.

We believe that there are only a select number of manufacturers other than those we rely on that are currently capable of supplying and servicing the arrays and other equipment and materials necessary for our operations. In the event it becomes necessary to utilize a different contract manufacturer for our products, we would experience additional costs, delays and difficulties in doing so as a result of identifying and entering into an agreement with a new manufacturer as well as preparing such new manufacturer to meet the logistical requirements associated with manufacturing our services and products, and our business would suffer.

Additionally, the use of equipment or materials provided by these replacement suppliers could require us to alter our current operations, establish new quality or performance standards, or revalidate our tests. Transitioning to new suppliers could also result in interruptions to our operations and affect our ability to service our customers and collaborators if we encounter delays or difficulties in securing these components, or if the quality of the components supplied do not meet specifications, or if we cannot then obtain an acceptable substitute. Therefore, we cannot assure you that, if we were forced to replace any of our limited or sole suppliers on which we rely, we would be able to secure alternative equipment and materials, or components thereof, or integrate such alternatives or replacements into our business without affecting our services and products or interrupting our current operations and business. If we encounter delays or difficulties in securing, replacing, reconfiguring, or revalidating the equipment and materials, or components thereof, and other supplies we require for our services and products and operations, it could adversely affect our business, revenue, financial condition and reputation.

Our suppliers have also been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and we have also experienced supply delays for certain equipment, instrumentation and other supplies that we use for our services and products, as certain medical and testing supplies are otherwise diverted to COVID-19-related uses. If any of these events occur, our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects could be harmed.

Certain aspects of our business rely on relationships with collaborative partners, distributors and other third parties for development, supply and marketing of certain services and potential services, and such collaborative partners or other third parties could fail to perform sufficiently.

We believe that success in penetrating certain geographic markets depends in part on our ability to develop and maintain relationships with key distributors of our services and products. Relying on distribution relationships is risky because, among other things, our distributors may: not devote sufficient resources to the sales of our services and products; fail to obtain approvals necessary to distribute our services and products; be acquired by other companies and terminate our distribution agreements or become insolvent; or decline to renew existing agreements on acceptable terms. Because these and other factors may be beyond our control, the distribution of our services and products in certain jurisdictions may be delayed or otherwise adversely affected. If we or any of our distributors terminate a distribution agreement, we may be required to devote additional resources to commercialization and distribution, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Certain disruptions in supply of, and changes in the competitive environment for, raw materials integral to the manufacturing of our services and products may adversely affect our profitability.

We use a broad range of materials and supplies, including metals, chemicals and other electronic components, in our services and products. A significant disruption in the supply of these materials could decrease production and shipping levels, materially increase our operating costs and materially adversely affect our profit margins. Shortages of materials or interruptions in transportation systems, labor strikes, work stoppages, war, acts of terrorism or other interruptions to or difficulties in the employment of labor or transportation in the markets in which we purchase materials, components and supplies for the production of our services and products, in each case may adversely affect our ability to maintain production of our services and products and sustain profitability. Unforeseen end-of-life for certain components, such as enzymes, could cause backorders as we modify our product specifications to accommodate replacement components. If we were to experience a significant or prolonged shortage of critical components from any of our suppliers and could not procure the components from other sources, we would be unable to manufacture our services and products and to ship such services and products to our customers in a timely fashion, which would adversely affect our sales, margins and customer relations.

We may experience problems with supply chain efficiencies or logistical management, which could adversely affect our business operations.

Certain aspects of our business depend upon supply chain efficiencies and logistical management of samples. For example, our technology and assay services depend on processing specifically sized samples from multiple locations while maintaining the integrity of the samples such they remain free from corruption or contamination. If there are interruptions to the supply chain or sample logistics, including circumstances that cause the improper handling of the samples, it would limit our ability to complete high quality assays and properly service our customers and collaborators. Therefore, unlike some of our competitors, which do not need high-quality, uncorrupted samples of the size that we require, our supply chain operations and logistical management are more integral to our sample processing and testing, and the breakdown of the supply chain or sample logistics would negatively impact our business operations. Likewise, if there are technological advancements that improve our competitors business operations, but which we are unable to utilize due to our specific requirements for the supply chain and sample logistics, we would be at a competitive disadvantage which could harm our business, revenue and reputation.

We may experience manufacturing problems or delays that could limit our growth or adversely affect our operating results.

Our products and services are manufactured or performed at our facilities located in Boulder, Colorado using complex processes, sophisticated equipment and strict adherence to specifications and quality systems procedures. Any unforeseen manufacturing problems, such as contamination of our facilities, equipment malfunction, quality issues with components and materials sourced from third-party suppliers or failure to strictly follow procedures or meet specifications, could result in delays or shortfalls in performance. Identifying and resolving the cause of any such manufacturing or supplier issues could require substantial time and resources. If we are unable to keep up with demand for our products or services by successfully manufacturing and delivering our products or services in a timely manner, our revenue could be impaired, market acceptance for our products or services could be adversely affected and our customers might instead purchase our competitors’ products or services.

In addition, the introduction of new products and services may require the development of new manufacturing processes and procedures as well as new suppliers. While all of our assay services are performed using the same basic processes, significant variations may be required to meet new product or service specifications. Developing new processes and negotiating supply agreements can be very time consuming, and any unexpected difficulty in doing so could delay the introduction of a product or service.

We or our third parties upon whom we depend may be adversely affected by natural or man-made disasters or other business interruptions, such as cybersecurity attacks, and our business continuity and disaster recovery plans, or those of our collaborators, may not adequately protect us from the effects of a serious disaster.

Natural and man-made disasters and other events beyond our control could severely disrupt our operations, or those of third parties upon whom we depend, and have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. If a natural disaster, power outage, cybersecurity attack or other

event occurred that prevented us from using all or a significant portion of our headquarters, damaged critical infrastructure, such as our laboratory facilities or those of our collaborators, limited our or our collaborators’ ability to access or use our respective digital information systems or that otherwise disrupted our respective operations, it may be difficult or, in certain cases, impossible for us or our collaborators to continue our respective businesses for a substantial period of time. The disaster recovery and business continuity plans we and our collaborators currently have in place are limited and are unlikely to prove adequate in the event of a serious disaster or similar event. Our cybersecurity liability insurance may not cover any or all losses or liabilities, depending on the severity and extent of such liabilities or losses that we or our collaborators could sustain based on any breach of our respective computer security protocols or other cybersecurity attack. We may incur substantial expenses as a result of the limited nature of our respective disaster recovery and business continuity plans, which could have a material adverse impact on our business.

Unfavorable United States or global economic conditions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, or otherwise, could adversely affect our ability to raise capital and our business, results of operations and financial condition.

While the potential economic impact brought by, and the duration of, the COVID-19 pandemic is difficult to assess or predict, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in, and may continue to result in, extreme volatility and disruptions in the capital and credit markets, reducing our ability to raise additional capital through equity, equity-linked or debt financings, which could negatively impact our short-term and long-term liquidity and our ability to operate in accordance with our operating plan, or at all. Additionally, our results of operations could be adversely affected by general conditions in the global economy and financial markets. A severe or prolonged economic downturn could result in a variety of risks to our business, including weakened demand for our SomaScan® assay services and our ability to raise additional capital when needed on favorable terms, if at all. A weak or declining economy could strain our customers’ budgets or cause delays in their payments to us. Any of the foregoing could harm our business, and we cannot anticipate all of the ways in which the current economic climate and financial market conditions could adversely impact our ability to raise capital, business, results of operations and financial condition.

We have estimated the sizes of the markets for our current and future services and products, and these markets may be smaller than we estimate.

The market for proteomics technologies and products is new and evolving, making it difficult to predict with any accuracy the size of the markets for our current and future services. Our estimates of the total addressable market for our current services and products and those under development are based on a number of internal and third-party estimates, including, without limitation, the research community’s unmet need for methods to better facilitate prediction of drug response and disease risk and outcomes, whether novel proteomics are successfully integrated into the genomics markets from full discovery to clinical decision making, the applicability of our technology in vitro diagnostics and laboratory developed tests, and the assumed prices at which we can sell our current and future services and products for markets that have not been established. While we believe our assumptions and the data underlying our estimates are reasonable, these assumptions and estimates may not be correct and the conditions supporting our assumptions or estimates may change at any time, thereby reducing the predictive accuracy of these underlying factors. As a result, our estimates of the total addressable market for our current or future services and products may prove to be incorrect.

The future growth of the market for our current and future services depends on many factors beyond our control, including recognition and acceptance of our services by the scientific community and the growth, prevalence and costs of competing services and solutions. Such recognition and acceptance may not occur in the near term, or at all. If the markets for our current and future services are smaller than estimated or do not develop as we expect, or if the price at which we can sell future services and services or the total addressable market for our services and products is smaller than we have estimated, our growth may be limited and our business, financial condition and operational results of operations could be adversely affected.

Acquisitions or joint ventures could disrupt our business, cause dilution to our stockholders and otherwise harm our business.

We may acquire other businesses, products or technologies as well as pursue strategic alliances, joint ventures, technology licenses or investments in complementary businesses. We have not made any acquisitions to date, and our ability to do so successfully is unproven. Any of these transactions could be material to our financial condition and operating results and expose us to many risks, including:

•        disruption in our relationships with customers, distributors or suppliers as a result of such a transaction;

•        unanticipated liabilities related to acquired companies;

•        difficulties integrating acquired personnel, technologies and operations into our existing business;

•        diversion of management time and focus from operating our business;

•        increases in our expenses and reductions in our cash available for operations and other uses; and

•        possible write-offs or impairment charges relating to acquired businesses.

Foreign acquisitions involve unique risks in addition to those mentioned above, including those related to integration of operations across different cultures and languages, currency risks and the particular economic, political and regulatory risks associated with specific countries. Also, the anticipated benefit of any strategic transaction may not materialize. Future acquisitions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of our equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities or amortization expenses or write-offs of goodwill, any of which could harm our financial condition. We cannot predict the number, timing or size of future joint ventures or acquisitions, or the effect that any such transactions might have on our operating results.

International expansion of our business exposes us to business, regulatory, political, operational, financial and economic risks associated with doing business outside of the United States.

Because we and our collaborators currently market our services and products outside of the United States and may market future services and products outside of the United States, if cleared, authorized or approved, our business is subject to risks associated with doing business outside of the United States, including an increase in our expenses and diversion of our management’s attention from the development of future services and products. Accordingly, our business and financial results in the future could be adversely affected due to a variety of factors, including:

•        multiple, conflicting and changing laws and regulations such as privacy, security and data use regulations, tax laws, export and import restrictions, economic sanctions and embargoes, employment laws, anticorruption laws, regulatory requirements, and other governmental approvals, permits and licenses;

•        failure by us, our collaborators or our distributors to obtain regulatory clearance, authorization or approval for the use of our services and products in various countries;

•        additional potentially relevant third-party patent rights;

•        complexities and difficulties in obtaining intellectual property protection and enforcing our intellectual property;

•        difficulties in attracting talent, staffing, and retention, and managing foreign operations;

•        logistics and regulations associated with shipping samples, including infrastructure conditions and transportation delays;

•        limits in our ability to penetrate international markets if we are not able to conduct our immunosequencing or clinical diagnostic services locally;

•        financial risks, such as longer payment cycles, difficulty collecting accounts receivable, the impact of local and regional financial crises on demand and payment for our services and products and exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations;

•        natural disasters, political and economic instability, including wars, terrorism and political unrest, outbreak of disease, boycotts, retaliatory measures or economic sanctions imposed by governments, curtailment of trade and other business restrictions;

•        regulatory and compliance risks that relate to maintaining accurate information and control over sales and distributors’ activities that may fall within the purview of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), its books and records provisions, or its anti-bribery provisions, or laws similar to the FCPA in other jurisdictions in which we may now or in the future operate; and

•        anti-bribery requirements of several member states in the European Union (“EU”) and other countries, such as the United Kingdom’s Bribery Act of 2010, that are constantly changing and require disclosure of information to which United States legal privilege may not extend.

Any of these factors could significantly harm our future international expansion and operations and, consequently, our revenue and results of operations.

Cybersecurity risks and the failure to maintain the confidentiality, integrity and availability of our computer hardware, software and internet applications and related tools and functions, could result in damage to our reputation, data integrity and/or subject us to costs, fines or lawsuits under data privacy or other laws or contractual requirements.

The integrity and protection of our own data, and that of our customers and employees, is critical to our business. The regulatory environment governing information, security and privacy laws is increasingly demanding and continues to evolve. Implementing and maintaining compliance with applicable security and privacy regulations may increase our operating costs and/or adversely impact our ability to market our services and products to customers. Although our computer and communications hardware are protected through physical and software safeguards, they are still vulnerable to fire, storm, flood, power loss, earthquakes, telecommunications failures, physical or software break-ins, software viruses and similar events. These events could lead to the unauthorized access, disclosure and use of non-public information. We could be subject to risks caused by misappropriation, misuse, leakage, falsification, system malfunction or intentional or accidental release or loss of information maintained in our information systems and networks and those of our original equipment manufacturer suppliers. The techniques used by criminal elements to attack computer systems are sophisticated, change frequently and may originate from less regulated and remote areas of the world. As a result, we may not be able to address these techniques proactively or implement adequate preventative measures. We are also reliant on the quality of our training of employees to allow them to spot and appropriately respond to cyber security threats. We have been subject to a number of phishing attempts and require employees to remain vigilant to ensure that such attempts are unsuccessful. If our computer systems are compromised, we could be subject to fines, damages, litigation and enforcement actions, customers could curtail or cease using its applications, and we could lose trade secrets, the occurrence of which could harm our business.

If we are unable to maintain reliable information technology systems and appropriate controls with respect to global data privacy and security requirements and prevent data breaches, we may suffer regulatory consequences in addition to business consequences. As an organization with a global impact, we are subject to data privacy and security laws, regulations, and customer-imposed controls in numerous jurisdictions as a result of having access to and processing confidential, personal and/or sensitive data in the course of our business. There are numerous United States federal and state laws and regulations related to the privacy and security of personal information. In particular, regulations promulgated pursuant to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”) establish privacy and security standards that limit the use and disclosure of individually identifiable health information (known as “protected health information”) and require the implementation of administrative, physical and technological safeguards to protect the privacy of protected health information and ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability of electronic protected health information. Determining whether protected health information has been handled in compliance with applicable privacy standards and our contractual obligations can require complex factual and statistical analyses and may be subject to changing interpretation. Although we take measures to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access, use or disclosure, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or viruses or breached due to employee error, malfeasance or other malicious or inadvertent disruptions. Any such breach or interruption could compromise our networks, and the information stored there could be accessed by unauthorized parties, manipulated, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen. Any such unauthorized access, breach or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings

and liability under federal or state laws that protect the privacy of personal information, such as the HIPAA and the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act and may result in regulatory penalties. In most cases, notice of breaches must be made to affected individuals, HHS, and for extensive breaches, notice may need to be made to the media or state Attorneys General. Such a notice could harm our brand and reputation and adversely affect our ability to compete.

In addition, many states in the United States in which we operate now or may operate in the future have laws that protect the privacy and security of sensitive and personal information. Certain state laws in the United States may be more stringent or broader in scope, or offer greater individual rights, with respect to sensitive and personal information than federal, international or other state laws, and such laws may differ from each other, which may complicate compliance efforts. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”), which went into effect on January 1, 2020, imposes stringent data privacy and security requirements and obligations with respect to the personal information of California residents and households. Among other things, it requires covered companies to provide new disclosures to California consumers and provide such consumers new data protection and privacy rights, including the ability to opt-out of certain sales of personal information. The CCPA provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for certain data breaches that result in the loss of personal information that may increase the likelihood of, and risks associated with, data breach litigation. The CCPA was amended in September 2018 and November 2019, and the final text of the proposed regulation was submitted in June 2020. It remains unclear how various provisions of the CCPA will continue to be interpreted and enforced, and multiple states have enacted or are expected to enact similar laws. The effects of the CCPA and other similar state laws on our business are potentially significant and may require us to modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur costs and expenses in an effort to comply. State laws are changing rapidly, and there is discussion in the United States Congress of a new federal data protection and privacy law to which we may be subject.

In Europe, laws, regulations and standards in many jurisdictions apply broadly to the collection, use, retention, security, disclosure, transfer and other processing of personal information. For example, in the European Economic Area (“EEA”) and the United Kingdom (“UK”), the collection and use of personal data is governed by the provisions of the EU General Data Protection Regulation — 2016/679 (“EU GDPR”) and related guidance together with the UK General Data Protection Regulation (“UK GDPR,” collectively with the EU GDPR, the “GDPR”). The EU GDPR came into effect in May 2018, superseding the European Union Data Protection Directive and imposing more stringent data privacy and security requirements on companies in relation to the processing of personal data of European Union data subjects. The GDPR, together with national legislation, regulations and guidelines of the European Union member states and the United Kingdom govern the processing of personal data, impose strict obligations and restrictions on the ability to collect, use, retain, protect, disclose, transfer and otherwise process personal data. In particular, the GDPR includes obligations and restrictions concerning the consent and rights of individuals to whom the personal data relates, the transfer of personal data out of the EEA or the United Kingdom, security breach notifications and the security and confidentiality of personal data. The EU GDPR authorizes fines for certain violations of up to 4% of a company’s global annual revenue or €20 million, whichever is greater. Such fines are in addition to any civil litigation claims by customers and data subjects. European data protection authorities may interpret the GDPR and national laws differently and impose additional requirements, which contributes to the complexity of processing personal data in or from the EEA or United Kingdom. Guidance on implementation and compliance practices is often updated or otherwise revised. Further, while the United Kingdom enacted the Data Protection Act 2018 in May 2018 that supplements the EU GDPR and has publicly announced that it will continue to regulate the protection of personal data in the same way after the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, the withdrawal has created uncertainty with regard to the future of regulation of data protection in the United Kingdom, specifically with respect to how the UK GDPR will be enforced. Several other countries, such as China and Russia, have also passed laws that require personal data relating to their citizens to be maintained on local servers and impose additional data transfer restrictions, which could increase the cost and complexity of delivering our services and products.

We are also reliant on certain manual processes for collecting and processing data, and any failures in these processes or failure to handle the data collected in accordance with relevant regulations could lead to enforcement actions. Complying with all applicable laws, regulations, standards and obligations relating to data privacy, security and transfers may cause us to incur substantial operational costs or require us to modify our data processing practices and processes. Government enforcement actions can be costly and interrupt the regular operation of our business, and data breaches or violations of data privacy laws can result in significant fines, reputational damage and civil lawsuits, any of which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may not be able to

respond quickly or effectively to regulatory, legislative and other developments, and these changes may in turn impair our ability to commercialize our assay services or increase our cost of doing business. In addition, if our practices are not consistent or viewed as not consistent with legal and regulatory requirements, including changes in laws, regulations and standards or new interpretations or applications of existing laws, regulations and standards, we may become subject to audits, inquiries, whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, loss of export privileges, severe criminal or civil sanctions or reputational damage. Any of the foregoing could have an adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

We depend on our key personnel and other highly qualified personnel, and if we are unable to recruit, train and retain our personnel, we may not achieve our goals.

Our future success depends on our ability to recruit, train, retain and motivate key personnel, including our senior management, research and development, manufacturing and sales, customer service and marketing personnel. In particular, Roy Smythe, our Chief Executive Officer, and Melody Harris, our President and Chief Operating Officer, are critical to our vision, strategic direction, culture and products. Competition for qualified personnel is intense, particularly in the areas of Molecular Biology, Software and BioInformatics. As we grow, we may continue to make changes to our management team, which could make it difficult to execute on our business plans and strategies. New hires also require significant training and, in most cases, take significant time before they achieve full productivity. Our failure to successfully integrate these key personnel into our business could adversely affect our business.

Our continued growth depends, in part, on attracting, retaining and motivating highly trained sales personnel with the necessary scientific background and ability to understand our systems at a technical level to effectively identify and sell to potential new customers. In addition, the continued development of complementary software tools, such as our analysis tools and visualization software, requires us to compete for highly trained software engineers and for highly trained sales and customer service personnel globally. We also compete for computational biologists and qualified scientific personnel with other life sciences companies, academic institutions and research institutions.

We do not maintain key person life insurance or fixed term employment contracts with any of our employees. As a result, our employees could leave the Company with little or no prior notice and would be free to work for a competitor. Because of the complex and technical nature of our services and products and the dynamic market in which we compete, any failure to attract, train, retain and motivate qualified personnel could materially harm our operating results and growth prospects.

Our employees, independent contractors, vendors and consultants may engage in misconduct or other improper activities, including non-compliance with regulatory standards and requirements and insider trading.

We are exposed to the risk that our employees, independent contractors, vendors and consultants may engage in fraudulent conduct or other illegal activity. Misconduct by these parties could include intentional, reckless and/or negligent conduct or disclosure of unauthorized activities to us that violate the regulations of the FDA, EMA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities, including those laws requiring the reporting of true, complete and accurate information to such authorities. In particular, sales, marketing and business arrangements in the healthcare industry are subject to extensive laws and regulations intended to prevent fraud, misconduct, kickbacks, self-dealing and other abusive practices. These laws and regulations may restrict or prohibit a wide range of pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion, sales commission, customer incentive programs and other business arrangements. We have adopted a code of conduct applicable to all of our employees, but it is not always possible to identify and deter misconduct by employees and other third parties, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses or in protecting us from governmental investigations or other actions or lawsuits stemming from a failure to comply with these laws or regulations. Additionally, we are subject to the risk that a person could allege such fraud or other misconduct, even if none occurred. If any such actions are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could have a significant impact on our business, including the imposition of civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, monetary fines, imprisonment, additional reporting requirements and oversight if we become subject to a corporate integrity agreement or similar agreement to resolve allegations of non-compliance with these laws, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings, and curtailment of our operations, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Actual or alleged non-compliance with applicable employment laws and regulation may require operational changes and undermine our competitive positioning or have other material adverse effects on our business.

Our business is subject to a variety of employment laws and regulations and may become subject to additional such requirements in the future. Although we believe we are in in material compliance with applicable employment laws and regulations, in the event of a change in requirements, we may be required to modify our operations or to utilize resources to maintain compliance with such laws and regulations. Moreover, we may be subject to various employment-related claims including individual actions, class actions, and government enforcement actions relating to alleged employment discrimination, employee classification and related withholding, wage-hour disputes, labor standards or healthcare and benefit issues in the future. Such claims, regardless of validity, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows or other results of operations.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property effectively, our business would be harmed.

We rely on patent protection as well as protection afforded by trademark, copyright, trade secret and other intellectual property rights and contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary technologies, all of which provide limited protection and may not adequately protect our rights or permit us to gain or keep any competitive advantage. Our proprietary, foundational aptamer-based technology and processes are supported by approximately 700 patents (issued or pending) and supports unparalleled sensitivity and specificity, and dynamic range. We continue to file new patent applications to attempt to obtain further legal protection of the full range of our technologies. If we fail to protect our intellectual property, third parties may be able to compete more effectively against us and we may incur substantial litigation costs in our attempts to recover or restrict the use of our intellectual property.

Our success depends in part on obtaining patent protection for our services and processes, preserving trade secrets, registering copyrights and trademarks, operating without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties and if needed acquiring licenses for certain aspects of our technology or services. We may exercise our business judgment and choose to relinquish rights in trade secrets by filing patent applications that disclose and describe our inventions, including certain trade secrets to seek patent protection for our services and technology. We cannot assure investors that any of our currently pending or future patent applications will result in issued patents and we cannot predict how long it will take for such patent applications to issue as patents. Our patent applications will not issue if there exists prior art that describes the same invention claimed in our patent applications. Publications of discoveries by others in the scientific literature often lag behind the actual date of these discoveries. Additionally, patent applications in the United States and in other jurisdictions do not typically publish until 18 months after the filing date or in some cases not at all. Therefore, we cannot know with certainty whether there is prior art that would prevent our patent applications from issuing or that we were the first to file for patent protection of such inventions. Moreover, we may not search for or identify all relevant third-party prior art or we may incorrectly interpret the relevance, scope or expiration of a third-party prior art of which we are aware. We might not have been the first to conceive or reduce to practice the inventions claimed in our patents filed before the Leahy–Smith America Invents Act (“AIA”). To determine the priority of these inventions and a pending application of a third party may require that we participate in interference proceedings, derivation proceedings or other post-grant proceedings declared by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) that could result in substantial cost to us. The outcome of such proceedings is uncertain. No assurance can be given that other patent applications will not have priority over our patent applications. In addition, changes to the patent laws of the United States allow for various post-grant opposition proceedings that have not been extensively tested, and their outcome is therefore uncertain. Furthermore, if third parties bring these proceedings against our patents, we could experience significant costs and management distraction. Further, in some cases, we have only filed provisional patent applications on certain aspects of our services and technologies and each of these provisional patent applications is not eligible to become an issued patent until, among other things, we file a non-provisional patent application within 12 months of the filing date of the applicable provisional patent application. Such provisional patent applications may not become issued patents for a variety of reasons, including our failure to file a non-provisional patent application within the permitted timeframe or a decision that doing so no longer makes business or financial sense.

Further, we cannot assure investors that other parties will not challenge any patents issued to us or that courts or regulatory agencies will hold our patents to be valid or enforceable. We cannot guarantee investors that we will be successful in defending challenges made against our patents and patent applications, even if we spend significant resources defending such challenges. Any successful third-party challenge to our patents could result in the unenforceability or invalidity of such patents and could deprive us of the ability to prevent others from using the technologies claimed in such issued patents.

Further, certain services and technology may not able to be patented, or cannot reasonably become patented due to the extensive scope and nature of the relevant technology. As a result, we often can only rely on trade secrets to protect this technology, which is not as protective as receiving a patent. If we cannot protect our un-patentable trade secrets or keep them confidential, our business results of operation will be adversely impacted.

With respect to all categories of intellectual property protection, our competitors could purchase our services and products and attempt to replicate some or all of the competitive advantages we derive from our development efforts, willfully infringe our intellectual property rights, design around our protected technology or develop their own competitive technologies that fall outside of our intellectual property rights. In addition, competitors may develop their own versions of our services and products in countries where we did not apply for patents, where our patents have not issued or where our intellectual property rights are not recognized and compete with us in those countries and markets.

Issued patents covering our services and products could be found invalid or unenforceable if challenged.

Although patents granted by the USPTO or other patent granting authority are generally entitled to a presumption of validity and enforceability, a granted patent’s scope, validity or enforceability can still be challenged. Some of our patents or patent applications (including in-bound licensed patents) have been or may be challenged at a future point in time in opposition, derivation, reexamination, inter partes review, post-grant review or interference proceedings. Any successful third-party challenge to our patents in this or any other proceeding could result in the unenforceability or invalidity of such patents, which may lead to increased competition to our business, which could harm our business. In addition, in patent litigation in the United States, defendant affirmative defenses and counterclaims alleging invalidity and unenforceability are commonplace. Therefore, if we enforced our patents against an infringing third party, it is very likely that the validity and unenforceability of our patents asserted in litigation will be challenged. The outcome of such assertions of invalidity and unenforceability during patent litigation is unpredictable. If a defendant were to prevail on a legal assertion of invalidity or unenforceability, we would lose at least part, and perhaps all, of the patent protection on certain aspects of our platform technologies. In addition, if the breadth or strength of protection provided by our patents is threatened by such invalidity or unenforceability contentions, regardless of the outcome, it could dissuade companies from collaborating with us to license, develop, or commercialize current or future services and products. We may not be aware of all third-party intellectual property rights potentially relating to our services and products.

If our trademarks and trade names are not adequately protected, we may not be able to build name recognition in our markets of interest and our business may be adversely affected.

If our trademarks and trade names are not adequately protected, we may not be able to build name recognition in our markets of interest and our business may be adversely affected. We currently own issued trademark registrations and have trademark applications pending, any of which may be the subject of a governmental or third-party objection, which could prevent the registration or maintenance of the same. We cannot assure you that any currently pending trademark applications or any trademark applications we may file in the future will be approved. During trademark registration proceedings, we may receive rejections and although we are given an opportunity to respond to those rejections, we may be unable to overcome such rejections. In addition, in proceedings before the USPTO and in proceedings before comparable agencies in many foreign jurisdictions, third parties are given an opportunity to oppose pending trademark applications and to seek to cancel registered trademarks. Opposition or cancellation proceedings may be filed against our trademarks, and our trademarks may not survive such proceedings. If we are unsuccessful in obtaining trademark protection for our primary brand, we may be required to change our brand name, which could adversely affect our business.

We may not be able to protect our rights to these trademarks and trade names, which we need to build name recognition among potential partners or customers in our markets of interest. At times, competitors may adopt trade names or trademarks similar to ours, thereby impeding our ability to build brand identity and possibly leading to market confusion. In addition, there could be potential trade name or trademark infringement claims brought by owners of other registered trademarks or trademarks that incorporate variations of our unregistered trademarks or trade names. Over the long term, if we are unable to successfully register our trademarks and trade names and establish name recognition based on our trademarks and trade names, then we may not be able to compete effectively and our business may be adversely affected. Our efforts to enforce or protect our proprietary rights related to trademarks, trade secrets, domain names, copyrights or other intellectual property may be ineffective and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could adversely impact our financial condition or results of operations. We own the following registered or pending trademarks: SomaLogic®, SomaScan®, SOMAmer®, SomaSignal™ and corresponding and related logos.

Claims by third parties that we infringe or misuse their proprietary technology could subject us to significant liability and could force us to redesign our services and products or to incur significant costs.

Our competitors protect their intellectual property rights by means such as trade secrets, patents, copyrights and trademarks. Although we have not been involved in any litigation related to intellectual property rights of others, from time to time we receive letters from third parties alleging, or inquiring about, violations of their intellectual property rights. Any third party asserting that our services and products infringe their intellectual property rights would force us to defend ourselves, and possibly defend our customers, against the alleged infringement claims. These claims and any resulting lawsuit, if successful, could subject us to significant liability for damages and could enjoin us from manufacturing and selling our infringing services and products. The risk of such a lawsuit will likely increase as our size and the number and scope of our services and products increase, as our geographic presence and market share expand and as the number of competitors in our market increases. Any such claims or litigation could:

•        be time-consuming and expensive to defend, whether meritorious or not;

•        require us to stop selling, incorporating or using our services and products that use the other party’s intellectual property;

•        divert the attention of our technical and managerial resources;

•        require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements with third parties, which may not be available on terms that we deem acceptable, if at all;

•        prevent us from operating all or a portion of our business or force us to redesign our services and products, which could be difficult and expensive and may degrade performance of our services and products, or withdraw one or more of our services and products altogether;

•        subject us to significant liability for damages or result in significant settlement payments;

•        require us to indemnify our customers, distribution partners or suppliers; and

•        refund deposits and other amounts received for allegedly infringing technology or services and products.

Intellectual property litigation can be costly. Even if we prevail, the cost of such litigation could deplete our financial resources. Litigation is also time-consuming and could divert management’s attention and resources away from our business. Furthermore, during the course of litigation, confidential information will be disclosed in the form of documents or testimony in connection with discovery requests, depositions or trial testimony under a protective order. Inadvertent disclosure of our confidential information despite an attorney’s eyes only protective order and our involvement in intellectual property litigation could materially adversely affect our business. Some of our competitors may be able to sustain the costs of complex intellectual property litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantially greater resources. In addition, any uncertainties resulting from the initiation and continuation of any litigation could significantly limit our ability to continue our operations. Any of the foregoing could disrupt our business and have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Involvement in lawsuits to defend against third-party claims of intellectual property infringement, could be time-intensive and costly and may adversely impact our business or stock price.

Numerous significant intellectual property claims have been litigated, and will likely continue to be litigated, between existing and new participants in our existing and targeted markets. Our success depends in part on our non-infringement of patents and proprietary rights of third parties. We develop complex services and products that integrate a wide range of technologies which may impact our ability to do so clear of third-party intellectual property rights and therefore may require a license to intellectual property rights of a third party or a successful challenge to the validity of the intellectual property rights of a third party to achieve clearance to commercialize future services and products. As we develop new technologies and move into new markets and applications for our services and products, we expect that incumbent participants in such markets may assert their patents and other proprietary rights against us as part of a business strategy to slow our entry into such markets, impede our successful competition and/or extract substantial license and royalty payments from us. In addition, we may be unaware of pending third-party patent applications that relate to our technology and our competitors and others may have patents or may in the future obtain patents and claim that use of our services and products infringes these patents. Our competitors and others may now, and in the future, have significantly larger and more mature patent portfolios than we currently have. In addition, future litigation may involve patent holding companies or other adverse patent owners who have no relevant product revenue and against whom our own patents may provide little or no deterrence or protection. Therefore, our commercial success may depend in part on our non-infringement of the patents or proprietary rights of third parties. Thus, litigation may be necessary to defend ourselves from third-party claims against us.

We have received notices of claims of infringement and misappropriation or misuse of other parties’ intellectual property in the past and may from time to time receive additional notices. We cannot assure investors that we will prevail in such actions, or that other actions alleging misappropriation or misuse by us of third-party trade secrets, infringement by us of third-party patents and trademarks or other rights, will not be asserted or prosecuted against us in the future.

Litigation could result in substantial legal fees and could adversely affect our ability to compete in the marketplace. Any adverse ruling or perception of an adverse ruling in defending ourselves against these claims could have an adverse impact on our stock price, which may be disproportionate to the actual impact of the ruling itself. Parties making claims against us may be able to obtain injunctive or other relief, which could block our ability to develop, commercialize and sell products, and could result in the award of substantial damages against us. In the event of a successful claim of infringement against us, we may be required to pay damages and obtain one or more licenses from third parties, or be prohibited from selling certain services and products. We may not be able to obtain these licenses at a reasonable cost, if at all. We could therefore incur substantial costs related to royalty payments for licenses obtained from third parties, which could negatively affect our gross margins. In addition, we could encounter delays in product introductions while we attempt to develop alternative methods or products to avoid infringing third-party patents or proprietary rights. Defense of any lawsuit or failure to obtain any of these licenses on favorable terms could prevent us from commercializing services and products, and the prohibition of sale of any of our services and products could materially affect our ability to grow and gain market acceptance for our services and products.

Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation. In addition, during the course of this kind of litigation, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a substantial adverse effect on the price of our Common Stock.

In addition, our agreements with some of our suppliers, distributors, customers, collaborators and other entities with whom we do business require us to defend or indemnify these parties to the extent they become involved in infringement claims against us, including the claims described above. We could also voluntarily agree to defend or indemnify third parties in instances where we are not obligated to do so if we determine it would be important to our business relationships. If we are required or agree to defend or indemnify any of these third parties in connection with any infringement claims, we could incur significant costs and expenses that could adversely affect our business, operating results, or financial condition.

Involvement in lawsuits to enforce or defend our intellectual property rights against infringers could be time-intensive and costly and may adversely impact our business or stock price.

It may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property against third-party infringers. Typically, defendants named in intellectual property lawsuits challenge the validity of the asserted intellectual property as a defense. Thus, any enforcement litigation we may assert against an infringer could put our intellectual property at risk. The outcome of any litigation or other proceeding is inherently uncertain and might not be favorable to us. Litigation could adversely affect the scope of our patent protection or invalidate our patents. Invalidation of our patents could reduce our ability to compete in the marketplace. If we resort to legal proceedings to enforce our intellectual property rights, those proceedings could be result in substantial legal fees and be burdensome, even if we were to prevail. Any litigation that may be necessary in the future could also result in diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.

Confidentiality and trade secret protection agreements with employees and others may not adequately prevent disclosure of trade secrets and protect other proprietary information.

We consider proprietary trade secrets, confidential know-how and unpatented know-how to be important to our business. We may rely on trade secrets or confidential know-how to protect our technology, especially where patent protection is believed to be of limited value. However, trade secrets and confidential know-how are difficult to maintain as confidential.

To protect this type of information against disclosure or appropriation by competitors, our policy is to require our employees, consultants, contractors and advisors to enter into confidentiality and trade secret protection agreements with us. However, current or former employees, consultants, contractors and advisers may unintentionally or willfully disclose our confidential information to competitors, and confidentiality agreements may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. Enforcing a claim that a third party obtained illegally and is using trade secrets or confidential know-how is expensive, time consuming and unpredictable. The enforceability of confidentiality agreements may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Furthermore, if a competitor lawfully obtained or independently developed any of our trade secrets, we would have no right to prevent such competitor from using that technology or information to compete with us, which could harm our competitive position. Additionally, if the steps taken to maintain our trade secrets are deemed inadequate, we may have insufficient recourse against third parties for misappropriating the trade secret.

Failure to obtain or maintain trade secrets or confidential know-how trade protection could adversely affect our competitive position. Moreover, our competitors may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and may even apply for patent protection in respect of the same. If successful in obtaining such patent protection, our competitors could limit our use of our trade secrets or confidential know-how.

Under certain circumstances, we may also decide to publish some know-how to attempt to prevent others from obtaining patent rights covering such know-how.

Intellectual property rights do not necessarily protect us from all potential threats.

The degree of future protection afforded by our intellectual property rights is uncertain because intellectual property rights have limitations and may not adequately protect our business or permit us to maintain our competitive advantage. For example:

•        others may be able to make products that are similar to any products and potential services and products we may develop or utilize similar technology that are not covered by the claims of the patents that we own or license now or in the future;

•        we, our licensors or current or future collaboration partners might not have been the first to make the inventions covered by the issued patent or pending patent application that we license or may own in the future;

•        we or our licensors or current or future collaboration partners, might not have been the first to file patent applications covering certain of our or their inventions;

•        others may independently develop similar or alternative technologies or duplicate any of our technologies without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating our owned or licensed intellectual property rights;

•        it is possible that our pending owned or licensed patent applications or those that we may own or license in the future will not lead to issued patents;

•        issued patents that we hold rights to may not provide us with a competitive advantage, or may be held invalid or unenforceable, including as a result of legal challenges by our competitors or other third parties;

•        our competitors or other third parties might conduct research and development activities in jurisdictions where we do not have patent rights and then use the information learned from such activities to develop competitive products for sale in our major commercial markets;

•        we may not develop additional proprietary technologies that are patentable;

•        the patents of others may harm our business; and

•        we may choose not to file a patent for certain trade secrets or know-how, and a third party may subsequently file a patent covering such intellectual property.

Should any of these events occur, they could have an adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial condition or results of operations.

Obtaining and maintaining our patent protection depends on compliance with various required procedures, document submissions, fee payments and other requirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements.

Periodic maintenance fees, renewal fees, annuity fees and various other governmental fees on patents and/or applications will be due to be paid to the USPTO and various governmental patent agencies outside of the United States at several stages over the lifetime of the patents and/or pendency of the patent applications. We have systems in place to remind us to pay these fees, and we engage an outside service and rely on our outside counsel to pay these fees due to non-United States patent agencies. The USPTO and various non-United States governmental patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedural, documentary, fee payment and other similar provisions during the patent application process. We employ reputable law firms and other professionals to help us comply, and in some cases, an inadvertent lapse can be cured by payment of a late fee or by other means in accordance with the applicable rules. However, there are situations in which non-compliance can result in abandonment or lapse of the patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. In such an event, our competitors may be able to enter the market without infringing our patents and this circumstance could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our inability to effectively protect our proprietary technologies, including the confidentiality of our trade secrets, could harm our competitive position.

We currently rely upon trade secret protection and copyright, as well as non-disclosure agreements and invention assignment agreements with our employees, consultants and third parties, and to a limited extent patent protection, to protect our confidential and proprietary information. Although our competitors have utilized and are expected to continue utilizing similar methods and have aggregated and are expected to continue to aggregate similar databases of proteomic testing information, our success will depend upon our ability to develop proprietary methods and databases and to protect any advantages afforded to us by such methods and databases relative to our competitors. If we do not protect our intellectual property adequately, competitors may be able to use our methods and databases and thereby erode any competitive advantages we may have.

We will be able to protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent that our proprietary technologies are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are effectively maintained as trade secrets. In this regard, we have applied, and we intend to continue applying, for patents covering such aspects of our technologies as we deem appropriate. However, we expect that potential patent coverage we may obtain will not be sufficient

to prevent substantial competition. In this regard, we believe it is probable that others will independently develop similar or alternative technologies or design around those technologies for which we may obtain patent protection. In addition, any patent applications we file may be challenged and may not result in issued patents or may be invalidated or narrowed in scope after they are issued. Questions as to inventorship or ownership may also arise. Any finding that our patents are unenforceable could harm our ability to prevent others from practicing the related technology, and a finding that others have inventorship or ownership rights to our patents and patent applications could require us to obtain certain rights to practice related technologies, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. If we initiate lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents, or litigate against third-party claims, which would be expensive, and, if we lose, we may lose some of our intellectual property rights. Furthermore, these lawsuits may divert the attention of our management and technical personnel.

We expect to rely primarily upon trade secrets and proprietary know-how protection for our confidential and proprietary information, and we have taken security measures to protect this information. These measures, however, may not provide adequate protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other confidential information. Among other things, we seek to protect our trade secrets and confidential information by entering into confidentiality and trade secret protection agreements with employees and consultants. There can be no assurance that any confidentiality agreements that we have with our employees and consultants will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets and confidential information or will provide adequate remedies in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of such information. Accordingly, there also can be no assurance that our trade secrets will not otherwise become known or be independently developed by competitors. Enforcing a claim that a party illegally disclosed or misappropriated a trade secret can be difficult, expensive and time-consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, trade secrets may be independently developed by others in a manner that could prevent legal recourse by us. If any of our confidential or proprietary information, such as our trade secrets, were to be disclosed or misappropriated, or if any such information was independently developed by a competitor, our competitive position could be harmed.

Patent terms may be inadequate to protect our competitive position on our services and products for an adequate amount of time.

Patents have a limited lifespan. In the United States, if all maintenance fees are timely paid, the natural expiration of a patent is generally 20 years from its earliest United States non-provisional filing date. Various extensions may be available, but the life of a patent, and the protection it affords, is limited. Even if patents covering our services and products are obtained, once the patent life has expired, we may be open to competition from competitive services and products. If one of our services or products requires extended development, testing, regulatory review and/or examination by a patent granting authority, patents protecting such services or products might expire before or shortly after such services or products are commercialized. As a result, our owned and licensed patent portfolio may not provide us with sufficient rights to exclude others from commercializing services and products similar or identical to ours.

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.

Filing, prosecuting and defending patents on our services and products and technologies in every country throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive, and our intellectual property rights in some countries outside the United States can be less extensive than those in the United States.

The laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, and we and our licensor may encounter difficulties in protecting and defending such rights in foreign jurisdictions. Consequently, we and our licensor may not be able to prevent third parties from practicing our inventions in some or all countries outside the United States, or from selling or importing services and products made using our or our licensor’s inventions in and into the United States or other jurisdictions. Competitors and other third parties may use our technologies in jurisdictions where we have not obtained patent protection to develop their own services and products and technologies and may also export infringing services and products to territories where we have patent protection, but enforcement is not as strong as that in the United States. These services and products may compete with our services and products. Our and our licensor’s patents or other intellectual property rights may not be effective or sufficient to prevent them from competing. In addition, certain countries have compulsory licensing

laws under which a patent owner may be compelled to grant licenses to other parties. Furthermore, many countries limit the enforceability of patents against other parties, including government agencies or government contractors. In these countries, the patent owner may have limited remedies, which could materially diminish the value of any patents.

Many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending intellectual property rights in foreign jurisdictions. In some countries, local authorities retain broad discretion to compel technology transfer or disclosure of proprietary trade secrets on the basis of national interests or national security, cybersecurity or data protection, regulatory requirements pertaining to foreign direct investments or joint ventures, or other regulations governing foreign companies’ business activities in these countries The legal systems of many other countries do not favor the enforcement of patents and other intellectual property protection, which could make it difficult for us to stop the misappropriation or other violations of our intellectual property rights including infringement of our patents in such countries. The legal systems in certain countries may also favor state-sponsored or companies headquartered in particular jurisdictions over our first-in-time patents and other intellectual property protection. The absence of harmonized intellectual property protection laws and effective enforcement makes it difficult to ensure consistent respect for patent, trade secret, and other intellectual property rights on a worldwide basis. As a result, it is possible that we will not be able to enforce our rights against third parties that misappropriate our proprietary technology in those countries.

Proceedings to enforce our or our licensor’s patent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial cost and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business, could put our and our licensor’s patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and our and our licensor’s patent applications at risk of not issuing, and could provoke third parties to assert claims against us. We and our licensors may not prevail in any lawsuits that we or our licensor initiate, or that are initiated against us or our licensor, and the damages or other remedies awarded, if any, may not be commercially meaningful. In addition, changes in the law and legal decisions by courts in the United States and foreign countries may affect our ability to obtain adequate protection for our services and products, services and other technologies and the enforcement of intellectual property. Accordingly, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights around the world may be inadequate to obtain a significant commercial advantage from the intellectual property that we develop or license. Any of the foregoing events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Changes in patent law in the United States and other jurisdictions could diminish the value of patents in general, thereby impairing our ability to protect our services and products.

Changes in either the patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws in the United States or other countries or regions may diminish the value of our intellectual property. We cannot predict the breadth of the claims that may be allowed by the USPTO nor scope and meaning of issued claims by a court during enforcement of our patents or in third party patents. We may not develop additional proprietary products, methods and technologies that are patentable. Assuming that other requirements for patentability are met, prior to March 16, 2013, in the United States, the first to invent the claimed invention was entitled to a patent, while outside the United States, the first to file a patent application for the invention was entitled to a patent. On or after March 16, 2013, under the AIA, enacted in September 16, 2011, the United States transitioned from a first-to-invent to a first-to-file system in which, assuming that other requirements for patentability are met, the first inventor to file a patent application for a particular invention will be entitled to a patent regardless of whether a third-party was the first to invent the claimed invention. A third party that files a patent application in the USPTO on or after March 16, 2013, but before us could therefore be awarded a patent covering an invention similar to or the same as our invention, even if we had made the invention before such third party. This requires us to be cognizant of the conception of an invention and the time it takes to filing a patent application on that invention. Since patent applications in the United States and most other countries are confidential for a period of time after filing, we cannot be certain that we or our licensors were the first to either (i) file any patent application related to our services and products or (ii) invent any of the inventions claimed in our or our licensor’s patents or patent applications.

The AIA also includes a number of significant changes that affect the way patent applications are prosecuted and also affects adversarial patent proceedings at the Patent Trials and Appeals Board (“PTAB”). These changes include allowing third party submission of prior art to the USPTO during patent prosecution and additional procedures to attack the validity of a patent in post-grant proceedings, including post-grant review, inter partes review and derivation proceedings. Because there is a lower evidentiary standard needed to invalidate a patent in these USPTO proceedings

as compared to the evidentiary standard in a United States federal court, a third party could successfully invalidate a patent before the PTAB on less evidence than would be required to meet the higher evidentiary standard to invalidate a patent in a federal district court. Accordingly, a third party may attempt to use the USPTO procedures to invalidate our patent claims that would not have been invalidated if first challenged by the third party in a district court action. Therefore, the AIA and its implementation could increase the uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution of our owned or in-bound licensed patents or patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our owned or in-bound licensed issued patents, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.

In addition, the patent position of companies in the biotechnology field is particularly uncertain. Various courts, including the United States Supreme Court have rendered decisions that affect the scope of patentability of certain inventions or discoveries relating to biotechnology. These decisions state, among other things, that a patent claim that recites an abstract idea, natural phenomenon or law of nature are not themselves patentable. Precisely what constitutes a law of nature or abstract idea is uncertain, and it is possible that certain aspects of our technology could be considered natural laws. Accordingly, the evolving case law in the United States could adversely affect our ability to obtain patents and may facilitate third party challenges to any owned or licensed patents.

If we cannot license rights to use technologies on reasonable terms, we may not be able to commercialize new services and products in the future.

In the future, we may identify additional third-party intellectual property we may need to license in order to engage in our business, including to develop or commercialize new products or services. However, such licenses may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. Even if such licenses are available, we may be required to pay the licensor substantial royalties based on sales of our products and services. Such royalties are a component of the cost of our products or services and may affect the margins on our products and services. In addition, such licenses may be nonexclusive, which could give our competitors access to the same intellectual property licensed to us. If we are unable to enter into the necessary licenses on acceptable terms or at all, if any necessary licenses are subsequently terminated, if our licensors fail to abide by the terms of the licenses, if our licensors fail to prevent infringement by third parties, or if the licensed patents or other rights are found to be invalid or unenforceable, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.

If licenses to third-party intellectual property rights are or become required for us to engage in our business, the rights may be non-exclusive, which could give our competitors access to the same technology or intellectual property rights licensed to us. Moreover, we could encounter delays in the introduction of tests while we attempt to develop alternatives. Defense of any lawsuit or failure to obtain any of these licenses on favorable terms could prevent us from commercializing tests, which could materially affect our ability to grow and thus adversely affect our business and financial condition.

Our use of open source software could compromise our ability to offer our services and subject us to possible litigation.

We use open source software in connection with our services and products. Companies that incorporate open source software into their products have, from time to time, faced claims challenging their use of open source software and compliance with open source license terms. As a result, we could be subject to lawsuits and other allegations by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open source software or claiming noncompliance with open source licensing terms. Some open source software licenses require users who distribute software containing open source software to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to the licensee’s software that incorporates, links or uses such open source software, and make available to third parties for no cost, any derivative works of the open source code created by the licensee, which could include the licensee’s own valuable proprietary code. While we monitor our use of open source software and try to ensure that none is used in a manner that would require us to disclose our proprietary source code or that would otherwise breach the terms of an open source agreement, such use could inadvertently occur, or could be claimed to have occurred, in part because open source license terms can be ambiguous. Legal precedent in this area is not well established and any actual or claimed requirement to disclose our proprietary source code or pay damages for breach of contract could harm our business and could help third parties, including our competitors, develop products and services that are similar to or better than ours. Any of the foregoing could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.

We may depend on proprietary technology licensed from others in the future. If we are unable to acquire or license additional proprietary rights from third parties, we may not be able to continue developing our potential services and products.

We may enter into agreements, including license agreements, with other parties in the future that impose diligence, development and commercialization timelines, milestone payments, royalties, insurance and other obligations on us. If we fail to comply with our obligations to our licensors or any of our other current or future collaborators, our counterparties may have the right to terminate these agreements, in which event we might not be able to develop, manufacture or market any potential services and products or other technology that is covered by these agreements, which could adversely affect the value of the potential services and products being developed under any such agreement, or we may face claims for monetary damages or other penalties under these agreements. Termination of these agreements or reduction or elimination of our rights under these agreements may result in us having to negotiate new or reinstated agreements with less favorable terms, or cause us to lose our rights under these agreements, including our rights to important intellectual property or technology. In addition, such an event may cause us to experience significant delays in the development and commercialization of our services, potential services or technologies or incur liability for damages. If any such license is terminated, our competitors or other third parties could have the freedom to seek regulatory approval of, and to market, products and technologies identical or competitive to ours, and we may be required to cease our development and commercialization of certain of our services and products, potential services and products or technologies.

The growth of our business may depend in part on our ability to acquire or in-license additional proprietary rights. We may be unable to acquire or in-license any relevant third-party intellectual property rights that we identify as necessary or important to our business operations. We may fail to obtain any of these licenses at a reasonable cost or on reasonable terms, if at all, which would harm our business. In that event, we may be required to expend significant time and resources to redesign our services and products, potential services and products or technologies or the methods for manufacturing them or to develop or license replacement technology, all of which may not be feasible on a technical or commercial basis. If we are unable to do so, we may be unable to develop or commercialize the affected services and products, potential services and products or technologies, which could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Even if we are able to obtain a license under such intellectual property rights, any such license may be non-exclusive, which may allow our competitors access to the same technologies licensed to us.

We may need or may choose to obtain licenses from third parties to advance our research or allow commercialization of our current or future services and products, and we cannot provide any assurances that we would be able to do so.

We may need or may choose to obtain licenses from third parties to advance our research or allow commercialization of our current or future services and products, and we cannot provide any assurances that third party patents do not exist that might be enforced against our current or future services and products in the absence of such a license. We may fail to obtain any of these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Even if we are able to obtain a license, it may be non-exclusive, thereby giving our competitors access to the same technologies licensed to us. If we could not obtain a license, we may be required to expend significant time and resources to develop or license replacement technology. If we are unable to do so, we may be unable to develop or commercialize the affected services and products, which could materially harm our business and the third parties owning such intellectual property rights could seek either an injunction prohibiting our sales, or, with respect to our sales, an obligation on our part to pay royalties and/or other forms of compensation.

Licensing of intellectual property involves complex legal, business and scientific issues. Disputes may arise between us and our licensors regarding intellectual property subject to a license agreement, including:

•        the scope of rights granted under the license agreement and other interpretation related issues;

•        whether and the extent to which our technology and processes infringe on intellectual property of the licensor that is not subject to the licensing agreement;

•        our right to sublicense patent and other rights to third parties under collaborative development relationships;

•        our diligence obligations with respect to the use of the licensed technology in relation to our development and commercialization of our services and products, and what activities satisfy those diligence obligations; and

•        the ownership of inventions and know how resulting from the joint creation or use of intellectual property by our licensors and us and our partners.

If disputes over intellectual property that we have licensed prevent or impair our ability to maintain the licensing arrangements on acceptable terms, we may be unable to successfully develop and commercialize the affected services and products, or the dispute may have an adverse effect on our results of operation.

In addition to agreements pursuant to which we in license intellectual property, we have in the past and expect to in the future to grant licenses under our intellectual property. Like in licenses, out licenses are complex, and disputes may arise between us and our licensees, such as the types of disputes described above. Moreover, our licensees may breach their obligations, or we may be exposed to liability due to our failure or alleged failure to satisfy our obligations. Any such occurrence could have an adverse effect on our business.

We rely on strategic collaboration and licensing arrangements with third parties for research and development of commercial products and to further develop intellectual property. We may not be able to successfully establish and maintain such intellectual property.

Our research and development of our services and products relies, directly or indirectly, upon strategic collaborations and licensing agreements with third parties. We have collaboration and licensing arrangements with numerous academics, pharmaceutical companies, and others, under which the collaborator provides us with biological samples and associated clinical information. We use the biological samples for research and development by generating SomaScan® data (typically owned by SomaLogic) and obtaining relevant clinical information related to each biological sample (typically owned by the collaborator). Our collaboration and licensing arrangements also contain cross-licenses to permit the collaborator to use our SomaScan® data for limited purposes, e.g., drug development or academic research, and the collaborator grants us the right to use the clinical data for our products and services. Some collaborators limit our right to use their clinical data.

The development and commercialization of our products and services outside the United States rely upon strategic collaboration and licensing agreements with third parties. We have a collaborative arrangement with NEC Solution Innovators, Ltd. (“NES”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of NEC Corp. under which NES was granted an exclusive license under SomaLogic’s intellectual property to develop and commercialize tests for human healthcare management and a non-exclusive license to develop and commercialize SomaScan® services in Japan. Under the agreement, NES grants SomaLogic an exclusive license under NES’ and its affiliates’ technology and under any joint technology or patents to develop and commercialize tests in the rest of the world. This arrangement is exclusive for a period of ten years.

There can be no assurance that any current contractual arrangements between us and third parties or between our strategic partners and other third parties will be continued on materially similar terms and will not be breached or terminated early. Any failure to obtain or retain the rights to necessary technologies on acceptable commercial terms could require us to re-configure our products and services, which could negatively impact their commercial sale or increase the associated costs, either of which could materially harm our business and adversely affect our future revenues and ability to achieve sustained profitability.

We expect to continue and expand our reliance on collaboration and licensing arrangements. Establishing new strategic collaboration and licensing arrangements is difficult and time-consuming. Discussions with potential collaborators or licensors may not lead to the establishment of collaborations on favorable terms, if at all. To the extent we agree to work exclusively with one collaborator in a given area, our opportunities to collaborate with other entities could be limited. Potential collaborators or licensors may reject collaborations with us based upon their assessment of our financial, regulatory or intellectual property position or other factors. Even if we successfully establish new collaborations, these relationships may never result in the successful commercialization of any product or service. In addition, the success of the projects that require collaboration with third parties will be dependent on the continued success of such collaborators. There is no guarantee that our collaborators will continue to be successful and, as a result, we could expend considerable time and resources developing products or services that will not ultimately be commercialized.

We may be subject to claims that our employees, consultants or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed confidential information of third parties or that our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers.

We employ, and expect to employ in the future, individuals who were previously employed at universities or other companies, including our competitors or potential competitors. Although we try to ensure that our employees, consultants and independent contractors do not use the proprietary information or know-how of others in their work for us, we may be subject to claims that our employees, consultants or independent contractors have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers or other third parties, or to claims that we have improperly used or obtained such trade secrets. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. If we fail in defending such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel, which could adversely impact our business. A loss of key research personnel work product could hamper or prevent our ability to commercialize potential products and services, which could harm our business. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management and other employees.

Risks Related to Government Regulation

The FDA may require us to obtain premarket authorizations and comply with the FDA requirements for some of our products and services. Failure to obtain such authorizations or failure to comply with FDA requirements may delay or prevent the marketing of our products and services.

We believe that our services are not presently regulated as medical devices by the FDA. However, the FDA’s policies may change or the FDA may disagree with our conclusion, and the agency may require us to obtain a premarket authorization. Failure to comply with such requirements or the additional, extensive and ongoing post-marketing obligations imposed by the FDA or other regulatory requirements of other regulatory agencies could result in unanticipated compliance expenditures, a range of administrative enforcement actions, injunctions, and/or criminal prosecution. FDA post-market obligations include, among other things, compliance with the FDA Quality System Regulations (“QSR”), establishing registration and device listings, labeling requirements, reporting of certain adverse events and malfunctions, and reporting of certain recalls. In addition, circumstances may arise that cause us to recall equipment used in connection with our products and services. Such recalls could have an adverse effect on our ability to provide those products and services, which in turn would adversely affect our financial condition. Our collaborators may also be required to maintain FDA clearance, authorization or approval for the products and services that we jointly develop. Any failure by us or our collaborators to maintain such clearance, authorization or approval could impair or cause a delay in our ability to profit from these collaborations.

We conduct our business in a heavily regulated industry, and changes in regulations or violations of regulations may, directly or indirectly, reduce our revenue, adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition and harm our business.

The life sciences industry is highly regulated, and the regulatory environment in which we operate may change significantly and adversely to us in the future. Areas of the regulatory environment that may affect our ability to conduct business include, without limitation, federal and state laws relating to:

•        laboratory testing, including Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (“CLIA”) and state laboratory licensing laws;

•        the development, testing, use, distribution, promotion and advertising of research services, kits, clinical diagnostics and cellular therapies, including certain Laboratory Developed Tests (“LDT”), which are regulated by the FDA under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FDCA”);

•        cellular therapies, medical device and in vitro diagnostic clearance, marketing authorization or approval;

•        laboratory anti-mark-up laws;

•        the handling and disposal of medical and hazardous waste;

•        Occupational Safety and Health Administration rules and regulations;

•        HIPAA and other federal and state medical data privacy and security laws; and

•        the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (“GINA”) and similar state laws.

In particular, while we believe that our services are not presently regulated as medical devices because they are research use only (“RUO”) or LDTs, the laws, regulations and policies of the FDA and non-United States regulators governing the marketing of RUO products, LDTs, and clinical diagnostic tests and services are extremely complex and the regulatory or judicial interpretations of the relevant laws and regulations may change in the future. For example, our SomaScan® assay services and kits offered as RUO could, in the future, be subject to greater regulation by the FDA pursuant to the medical device provisions of the FDCA beyond the current regulations governing RUO labeling. In addition, while we believe certain of our services are LDTs and thus not subject to premarket review requirements, FDA may disagree with our assessment or change its position in the future and assert that our products are medical devices that must receive FDA’s premarket review. If we do not comply with such requirements, or later become subject to these requirements and fail to adequately comply, we could be subject to enforcement actions from FDA, including but not limited to seizure, injunction, warning letters, untitled letters, and It-Has-Come-to-Our-Attention Letters, and our business operations may be harmed significantly. These requirements could additionally cause delays in our ability to market and sell our products or services, which could, directly or indirectly, reduce our revenue, adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition and harm our business.

If we fail to comply with federal and state laboratory licensing requirements, we could lose the ability to perform our tests or experience disruptions to our business.

We are subject to CLIA, a federal law that regulates clinical laboratories that perform testing on specimens derived from humans for the purpose of providing information for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of disease. CLIA regulations establish specific standards with respect to personnel qualifications, facility administration, proficiency testing, quality control, quality assurance and inspections. CLIA certification is also required in order for us to be eligible to bill state and federal healthcare programs, as well as many private third-party payers, for our tests. We have current CLIA certifications to conduct our tests at our laboratory in Boulder, Colorado. To renew these certifications, we are subject to survey and inspection every two years. Moreover, CLIA inspectors may make random inspections of our clinical reference laboratories.

We also maintain out-of-state laboratory licenses to conduct testing on specimens from California, Maryland, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island.

States may currently have or later adopt laboratory licensure requirements, which, if operating in those states, may require us to modify, delay or stop our operations in such jurisdictions. We may also be subject to regulation in foreign jurisdictions as we seek to expand international utilization of our assay and tests or such jurisdictions adopt new licensure requirements, which may require review of our assay and tests in order to offer them or may have other limitations such as restrictions on the transport of samples necessary for us to perform our assay or tests that may limit our ability to make our tests available outside of the United States. Complying with licensure requirements in new jurisdictions may be expensive, time-consuming, and subject us to significant and unanticipated delays.

Failure to comply with applicable clinical laboratory licensure requirements may result in a range of enforcement actions, including license suspension, limitation, or revocation, directed plan of action, onsite monitoring, civil monetary penalties, criminal sanctions, and cancellation of the laboratory’s approval to receive Medicare and Medicaid payment for its services, as well as significant adverse publicity. Any sanction imposed under CLIA, its implementing regulations, or state or foreign laws or regulations governing clinical laboratory licensure, or our failure to renew our CLIA certificate, a state or foreign license, or accreditation, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if we were able to bring our laboratory back into compliance, we could incur significant expenses and potentially lose revenue in doing so.

The College of American Pathologists (“CAP”), maintains a clinical laboratory accreditation program. CAP asserts that its program is “designed to go well beyond regulatory compliance” and helps laboratories achieve the highest standards of excellence to positively impact patient care. While not required to operate a CLIA-certified laboratory, many private insurers require CAP accreditation as a condition to contracting with clinical laboratories

to cover their tests. In addition, some countries outside the United States require CAP accreditation as a condition to permitting clinical laboratories to test samples taken from their citizens. We have CAP accreditations for our laboratories. Failure to maintain CAP accreditation could have a material adverse effect on the sales of our tests and the results of our operations.

Some of our activities may subject us to risks under federal and state laws prohibiting ‘kickbacks’ and false or fraudulent claims.

In addition to FDA marketing and promotion restrictions, several other types of state and federal healthcare fraud and abuse laws have been applied in recent years to restrict certain marketing practices in the healthcare industry, and to regulate billing practices and financial relationships with healthcare providers. These laws include a federal law commonly known as the Medicare/Medicaid Anti-Kickback Statute, and numerous similar state laws, which prohibit payments intended to induce healthcare providers or others to refer patients or to acquire, arrange for or recommend the acquisition of healthcare products or services. The Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits knowingly and willfully making a payment to induce patient referrals or generate business in connection with any governmental heath care program, state laws, however, may apply regardless of whether state or federal funds are involved. These laws generally constrain the sales, marketing and other promotional activities of providers of laboratory services by limiting the kinds of financial arrangements, including sales programs, that may be used with hospitals, healthcare providers, laboratories and other potential purchasers or prescribers of medical devices and laboratory services.

In 2018, Congress passed the Eliminating Kickbacks in Recovery Act (“EKRA”) as part of the Substance Use-Disorder Prevention that Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment for Patients and Communities Act. EKRA is broader and imposes more restrictions than the federal Anti-Kickback Statute. Like the Anti-Kickback Statute, EKRA imposes criminal penalties for knowing or willful payment or offer, or solicitation or receipt, of any remuneration, whether directly or indirectly, overtly or covertly, in cash or in kind, in exchange for the referral or inducement of laboratory testing (among other healthcare services) unless a specific exception applies. EKRA is applicable to all “services covered by a health care benefit program” and does not differentiate between governmental programs and private programs. As a result, the federal government is fully within its authority to investigate and prosecute suspicious payments involving services reimbursed by either governmental health plans and private health plans. In addition, while the Anti-Kickback Statute includes certain exceptions that are widely relied upon in the healthcare industry, not all of those same exceptions apply under EKRA. For example, under the Anti-Kickback Statute, there is a safe harbor exception for bona fide employees. EKRA, however, does not differentiate between employee-based commissions and independent contractor-based commissions. This means that if a laboratory pays its employee a commission with respect to a referral, the laboratory would be exposed to EKRA liability.

Because EKRA is a relatively new law, there is no agency guidance or court precedent to indicate how and to what extent it will be applied and enforced. We cannot assure you that our relationships with healthcare providers, sales representatives, hospitals, customers, or any other party will not be subject to scrutiny or will survive regulatory challenge under EKRA.

The federal False Claims Act and similar state laws prohibit individuals or entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, claims for payment from Medicare, Medicaid, or other third-party payers that are false or fraudulent, or are for items or services that were not provided as claimed. Medicare payments are subject to audit, including through the Comprehensive Error Rate Testing (“CERT”) program, and payments may be recouped by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (“CMS”) if it is determined that they were improperly made.

The federal Anti-Kickback Statute and False Claims Act prescribe civil and criminal penalties (including fines) for noncompliance that can be substantial. While we continually strive to comply with these complex requirements, interpretations of the applicability of these laws to marketing and billing practices are constantly evolving and even an unsuccessful challenge could cause adverse publicity and be costly to respond to, and thus could harm our business and prospects. Our failure to comply with applicable laws could result in various adverse consequences that could have a material adverse effect upon our business, including the exclusion of our products and services from government programs and the imposition of civil or criminal sanctions.

RUO products and services may be subject to regulatory scrutiny.

Certain of our services and products are currently labeled and sold for RUO and not for the diagnosis or treatment of disease. Because such products are not intended for diagnostic use, and the products do not include clinical or diagnostic claims or provide directions for use as diagnostic products, they are not subject to the same level of regulation by the FDA or by regulatory agencies of the EU as medical devices. In particular, while the FDA regulations require that RUO products be appropriately labeled, “For Research Use Only,” the regulations do not subject such products to the FDA’s pre- and post-market controls for medical devices provided that certain conditions are met. Pursuant to FDA guidance on RUO products, a company may not make clinical or diagnostic claims about an RUO product or provide clinical directions or clinical support services to customers of RUO products. A product labeled RUO but deemed by the FDA to be intended for clinical diagnostic use may be viewed by the FDA as adulterated and misbranded under the FDCA and subject to FDA enforcement action. The FDA considers the totality of the circumstances surrounding distribution and use of a product labeled as RUO, including how the product is marketed and to whom, when determining its intended use. If the FDA were to disagree with our RUO classification or modify its approach to regulating products labeled for RUO, we could experience reduced revenue or increased compliance and other costs, which could adversely affect our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. In the event that the FDA requires marketing authorization of our RUO products in the future, the FDA may not ultimately grant any clearance, authorization or approval requested by us in a timely manner, or at all.

We expect to rely on third parties in conducting any required future studies of diagnostic services and products that may be required by the FDA or other regulatory authorities, and those third parties may not perform satisfactorily.

We do not have the ability to independently conduct clinical trials or other studies that may be required to obtain FDA and other regulatory clearance or approval for future diagnostic services and products, if such clearance or approval is required. Accordingly, we expect that we would rely on third parties, such as clinical investigators, consultants, and collaborators to conduct such studies if needed. Our reliance on these third parties for clinical and other development activities would reduce our control over these activities. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or regulatory obligations or meet expected deadlines, if the third parties need to be replaced or if the quality or accuracy of the data they obtain is compromised, we may not be able to obtain regulatory clearance or approval.

Our employees, principal investigators, consultants and collaborators may engage in misconduct or other improper activities, including non-compliance with regulatory standards and requirements and insider trading.

We are exposed to the risk of fraud or other misconduct by our employees, consultants and those of our collaborators. Misconduct by these parties could include intentional failures to comply with the regulations of the FDA and non-United States regulators, comply with healthcare fraud and abuse laws and regulations in the United States and abroad, report financial information or data accurately or disclose unauthorized activities to us. In particular, sales, marketing and business arrangements in the healthcare industry are subject to extensive laws and regulations intended to prevent improper marketing, fraud, misconduct, kickbacks, bribery, self-dealing and other abusive practices. These laws and regulations may restrict or prohibit a range of pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion, sales commission, customer incentive programs and other business arrangements. Such misconduct could also involve the improper use of information obtained in the course of clinical studies, which could result in regulatory sanctions and cause serious harm to our reputation. We currently have a code of conduct applicable to all of our employees, but it is not always possible to identify and deter employee misconduct. In addition, our code of conduct and the other precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses, or in protecting us from governmental investigations or other actions or lawsuits stemming from a failure to comply with these laws or regulations. If any such investigations or actions are instituted against us and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could result in the imposition of significant fines or other sanctions, which could have a significant impact on our business. We currently have a compliance program in accordance with the elements of an effective program outlined by the OIG, which could help mitigate damages, but cannot prevent all misconduct. Whether or not we are successful in defending against such actions or investigations, we could incur substantial costs, including legal fees, suffer adverse publicity and reputational harm, and have the attention of management diverted in defending ourselves against any of these claims or investigations.

We could be adversely affected by violations of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other worldwide anti-bribery laws by us or our agents.

We are subject to the FCPA which prohibits companies and their intermediaries from making payments in violation of law to non-United States government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing any other improper advantage. Our reliance on independent distributors to sell our assay services internationally demands a high degree of vigilance in maintaining our policy against participation in corrupt activity, because these distributors could be deemed to be our agents, and we could be held responsible for their actions. Other United States companies in the medical device and pharmaceutical fields have faced criminal penalties under the FCPA for allowing their agents to deviate from appropriate practices in doing business with these individuals. We are also subject to similar antibribery laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the United Kingdom’s Bribery Act of 2010, which also prohibits commercial bribery and makes it a crime for companies to fail to prevent bribery. We have limited experience in complying with these laws and in developing procedures to monitor compliance with these laws by our agents. These laws are complex and far-reaching in nature, and, as a result, we cannot assure you that we would not be required in the future to alter one or more of our practices to be in compliance with these laws or any changes in these laws or the interpretation thereof. Any violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt our operations, involve significant management distraction, involve significant costs and expenses, including legal fees, and could result in a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, or results of operations. We could also incur severe penalties, including criminal and civil penalties, disgorgement, and other remedial measures.

If we elect to label and promote any of our products or services as medical devices, we may be required to obtain prior approval or clearance by the FDA, which would take significant time and expense and could fail to result in FDA clearance or approval for the intended uses we believe are commercially attractive.

Our services and products are currently labeled and promoted, and are, and in the near-future will be, sold primarily to academic and research institutions and research companies as RUO products, and are not currently designed, or intended to be used as medical devices. If we elect to label and market our products for broader use as medical devices, we may be required to obtain premarket 510(k) clearance or premarket approval from the FDA, unless an exception applies.

We may in the future register with the FDA. We would be subject to ongoing FDA “general controls,” which include compliance with FDA regulations for labeling, inspections by the FDA, complaint evaluation, corrections and removals reporting, promotional restrictions, reporting adverse events or malfunctions for our products, and general prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.

In addition, we may in the future submit 510(k) premarket notifications to the FDA to obtain FDA clearance of certain of our products on a selective basis. It is possible, in the event we elect to submit 510(k) applications for certain of our products, that the FDA would take the position that a more burdensome premarket application, such as a premarket approval application (“PMA”) or a De Novo classification request is required for some of our products. If such applications were required, greater time and investment would be required to obtain FDA approval. Even if the FDA agreed that a 510(k) was appropriate, FDA clearance can be expensive and time consuming. It generally takes a significant amount of time to prepare a 510(k), including conducting appropriate testing on our products, and several months to years for the FDA to review a submission. Notwithstanding the effort and expense, FDA clearance or approval could be denied for some or all of our products for which we choose to market as medical devices. Even if we were to seek and obtain regulatory approval or clearance, it may not be for the intended uses we request or that we believe are important or commercially attractive. There can be no assurance that future products for which we may seek premarket clearance or approval will be approved or cleared by FDA or a comparable foreign regulatory authority on a timely basis, if at all, nor can there be assurance that labeling claims will be consistent with our anticipated claims or adequate to support continued adoption of such products. Compliance with FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authority regulations will require substantial costs, and subject us to heightened scrutiny by regulators and substantial penalties for failure to comply with such requirements or the inability to market our products. The lengthy and unpredictable premarket clearance or approval process, as well as the unpredictability of the results of any required clinical studies, may result in our failing to obtain regulatory clearance or approval to market such products, which would significantly harm our business, results of operations, reputation, and prospects.

In addition, even if we obtain an approval or clearance, we must be cautious in ensuring that the promotion of our products and services remain within the scope of the approval or clearance because FDA’s regulations applicable to our products and services prohibit them from being promoted for uses not within the scope of a given product’s intended use(s), among other promotional and labeling rules applicable to products subject to the FDCA.

Even after we receive an approval or clearance, we would be subject to ongoing FDA obligations and continued regulatory oversight and review, including the general controls listed above and the FDA’s QSRs for our development and manufacturing operations. In addition, we would be required to obtain a new 510(k) clearance before we could introduce subsequent modifications or improvements to such products. We could also be subject to additional FDA post-marketing obligations for such products, any or all of which would increase our costs and divert resources away from other projects. If we sought and received regulatory clearance or approval and are not able to maintain regulatory compliance with applicable laws, we could be prohibited from marketing our products for use as, or in the performance of, clinical diagnostics and/or could be subject to enforcement actions, including warning letters and adverse publicity, fines, injunctions, and civil penalties; recall or seizure of products; operating restrictions; and criminal prosecution.

In addition, we could decide to seek regulatory clearance or approval for certain of our products in countries outside of the United States. Sales of such products outside the United States will likely be subject to foreign regulatory requirements, which can vary greatly from country to country. As a result, the time required to obtain clearances or approvals outside the United States may differ from that required to obtain FDA clearance or approval and we may not be able to obtain foreign regulatory approvals on a timely basis or at all. In Europe, we would need to comply with the new In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation 2017/746, which became effective May 26, 2017, with application date of May 26, 2022. This will increase the difficulty of regulatory approvals in Europe in the future. Failure to comply with these regulatory requirements or obtain and maintain required approvals, clearances and certifications could impair our ability to commercialize our products for diagnostic use outside of the United States.

Our services and products could become subject to government regulation as medical devices by the FDA and other regulatory agencies even if we do not elect to seek regulatory clearance or approval to market our services for diagnostic purposes, which would adversely impact our ability to market and sell our services and harm our business. If our services become subject to FDA regulation, the regulatory clearance or approval and the maintenance of continued and post-market regulatory compliance for such services will be expensive, time-consuming, and uncertain both in timing and in outcome.

As we expand our product line and the applications and uses of our current services and products into new fields, certain of our future services and products could become subject to regulation by the FDA, or comparable international agencies, including requirements for regulatory clearance or approval of such services and products before they can be marketed. Also, even if our services and products are labeled, promoted, and intended as RUO or LDT, the FDA or comparable agencies of other countries could disagree with our conclusion that our services and products are intended for research use only or otherwise not subject to marketing authorization requirements, and deem our sales, marketing and promotional efforts as being inconsistent with the applicable legal requirements. For example, our customers may independently elect to use our RUO labeled services and products for clinical diagnostic use without our consent, which could subject our services and products to government regulation, and the regulatory clearance or approval and maintenance process for such services and products may be uncertain, expensive, and time-consuming. Regulatory requirements related to marketing, selling, and distribution of RUO or LDT products could change or be uncertain. If the FDA or other regulatory authorities assert that any of our RUO or LDT products are subject to regulatory clearance or approval, our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be adversely affected. The FDA has historically exercised enforcement discretion in not enforcing the premarket authorization and quality system regulations against laboratories offering LDTs. However, on October 3, 2014, the FDA issued two draft guidance documents that set forth the FDA’s proposed risk-based framework for regulating LDTs, which are designed, manufactured, and used within a single laboratory. The draft guidance documents provide the anticipated details through which the FDA would propose to establish an LDT oversight framework, including premarket review for higher-risk LDTs, such as those that have the same intended use as FDA-approved or cleared companion diagnostic tests currently on the market. In January 2017, the FDA announced that it would not issue final guidance on the oversight of LDTs and manufacturers of products used for LDTs, but would seek further public discussion on an appropriate oversight approach, and give Congress an opportunity to develop a legislative solution. More recently,

the FDA has issued warning letters to certain labs for illegally marketing materials. The FDA has not created a legal “carve-out” for LDTs and retains discretion to take action when appropriate, such as when certain materials raise significant public health concerns.

As manufacturers develop more complex diagnostic tests and diagnostic software, the FDA may increase its regulation of LDTs. Any future legislative or administrative rule making or oversight of LDTs, if and when finalized, may impact the sales of our services and products and how customers use our services and products, and may require us to change our business model in order to maintain compliance with these laws. We cannot predict how these various efforts will be resolved, how Congress or the FDA will regulate LDTs in the future, or how that regulatory system will impact our business. Changes to the current regulatory framework, including the imposition of additional or new regulations, including regulation of our services and products, could arise at any time during the development or marketing of our services and products, which may negatively affect our ability to obtain or maintain FDA or comparable regulatory approval of our services and products, if required. Further, sales of our products and services for diagnostic applications in certain instances, or other uses that fit the FDA’s definition for “device,” may subject us to additional healthcare regulation and enforcement by the applicable government agencies. Such laws include, without limitation, state and federal anti-kickback or anti-referral laws, healthcare fraud and abuse laws, false claims laws, privacy and security laws, Physician Payments Sunshine Act and related transparency and manufacturer reporting laws, and other laws and regulations.

With regard to RUO products, on November 25, 2013, the FDA issued Final Guidance “Distribution of In Vitro Diagnostic Products Labeled for Research Use Only.” The guidance emphasizes that the FDA will review the totality of the circumstances when it comes to evaluating whether equipment and testing components are properly labeled as RUO. The final guidance states that merely including a labeling statement that the product is for research purposes only will not necessarily render our product exempt from the FDA’s clearance, approval, and other regulatory requirements if the circumstances surrounding the distribution, marketing and promotional practices indicate that the manufacturer knows its products are, or intends for its products to be, used for clinical diagnostic purposes. These circumstances may include written or verbal sales and marketing claims or links to articles regarding a product’s performance in clinical applications and a manufacturer’s provision of technical support for clinical applications.

In 2020, the HHS announced rescission of guidance and other informal issuances of the FDA regarding premarket review of LDTs absent notice-and-comment rulemaking, stating that, absent notice-and-comment rulemaking, those seeking approval or clearance of, or an emergency use authorization, for an LDT may nonetheless voluntarily submit a premarket approval application, premarket notification or an Emergency Use Authorization request, respectively, but are not required to do so. However, laboratories opting to use LDTs without FDA premarket review or authorization would not be eligible for liability protection under the Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness (“PREP”) Act that is normally provided to certain countermeasures that are approved, cleared, licensed, or otherwise authorized to fight against a pandemic or an epidemic.

While this action by HHS is expected to reduce the regulatory burden on clinical laboratories certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 that develop LDTs, it is unclear how this action as well as future legislation by federal and state governments and the FDA will impact the industry, including our business and that of our customers. Such HHS measure may compel the FDA to formalize earlier enforcement discretionary policies and informal guidance through notice-and-comment rulemaking and/or impose further restrictions on LDTs. HHS’s rescission policy may change over time. Congress could also enact legislation restricting LDTs. Any restrictions on LDTs by the FDA, HHS, Congress, or state regulatory authorities may decrease the demand for our products. The adoption of new restrictions on RUO products, whether by the FDA or Congress, could adversely affect demand for our specialized reagents and instruments. Further, we could be required to obtain premarket clearance or approval before we can sell our services and products to certain customers. If we market countermeasures to a pandemic or an epidemic, such as COVID-19, and we decide to forgo the FDA’s premarket review per the HHS’s policy, our countermeasures will not receive the immunity protection under the PREP Act.

If we or our strategic partners or licensees fail to obtain regulatory approvals in other countries for service and product candidates under development, we will not be able to generate revenue in such countries from the commercialization of service and product candidates.

In order for us to market our services and products outside of the United States and the European Union, we and our strategic partners and licensees must comply with numerous and varying regulatory requirements of other

countries regarding safety and efficacy. Approval procedures vary among countries and can involve additional assay services and additional administrative review periods. The time required to obtain approval in other countries might differ from that required to obtain FDA approval or EMA approval. The regulatory approval process in other countries may include all of the risks detailed above regarding FDA approval in the United States and EMA approval in the European Union. Regulatory approval in one country does not ensure regulatory approval in another, but a failure or delay in obtaining regulatory approval in one country may negatively impact the regulatory review processes in others. Failure to obtain regulatory approval in other countries or any delay or setback in obtaining such approval could have the same adverse effects detailed above regarding FDA approval in the United States and EMA approval in the European Union. The adverse effects include the risk that our service and product candidate may not be approved for all indications that we request, which could limit the uses of our service and product and adversely impact our potential royalties and sales, and the risk that such approval may be subject to limitations on the indicated uses for which the service or product may be marketed or require costly, post-marketing follow-up studies.

If we fail to comply with applicable foreign regulatory requirements, we could be subject to penalties and suspension or withdrawal of regulatory approvals.

We or our strategic partners or licensees may fail to successfully petition the Japanese National Health Services for use of the SomaSignal™ tests in the annual government-funded health check. Failure to do so may adversely affect our business and we may not be able to achieve meaningful adoption of SomaSignal™ tests in Japan, which could stunt our growth.

Our strategic partner in Japan, NEC Solution Innovators, Ltd., established a wholly owned subsidiary in Japan for the purpose of pursuing increased adoption and expansion of our service offerings in Japan. As a part of this plan, the wholly owned subsidiary plans to petition the Japanese National Health Services to include the SomaSignal™ tests in the annual government-funded health check. Successful implementation of this plan requires an agreement by government agencies such as the Central Social Insurance Medical Counsel, which makes the decision on whether to reimburse for the services based on the recommendations that are made by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare’s expert panel. To our knowledge, the wholly owned subsidiary has not begun the petition process. There is no guarantee that we will be able to obtain this approval and successfully include the SomaSignal™ tests in the annual government-funded health check. However, the successful petition with the Japanese National Health Services does not impact SomaLogic’s ability to execute the NEC contract or to generate revenue through this strategic partnership.

We could be adversely affected by alleged violations of the Federal Trade Commission Act or other truth-in-advertising and consumer protection laws.

Our advertising for current and future assay services is subject to federal and state laws that prohibit deceptive or unfair advertising and marketing practices. Under federal and state law, regulators such as the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) and the attorneys general (“AG,” or district attorneys in some states) of the various states have authority to bring actions against firms that engage in false or deceptive advertising or marketing practices. The FTC’s authority emanates from the Federal Trade Commission Act (“FTC Act”), which empowers the FTC to investigate and seek injunctive relief against deceptive or unfair acts or practices, including the dissemination of advertising claims without possession at the time of dissemination of a reasonable basis for belief that the claims are true and non-deceptive. Substantiation in the case of efficacy claims pertaining to health, safety, and life sciences generally must take the form of competent and reliable scientific evidence. Failure to have substantiation of this type is deceptive under the FTC Act and may subject the advertiser to an injunction to stop the advertising and possibly to engage in other remedial steps such as corrective advertising. Failure to comply with an FTC administrative order subjects the advertiser to significant civil penalties. States have similar unfair and deceptive acts and practices statutes (sometimes called “little FTC Acts” or “UDAP” statutes). They vary, but often the state regulator can seek monetary relief along with an order of discontinuance.

Both the FTC and the state AGs have broad powers and as described above, and failure to abide by the substantive requirements of the FTC Act and other consumer protection laws can result in administrative or judicial penalties, including civil penalties, injunctions affecting the manner in which we would be able to market services or products in the future, or in extreme instances criminal prosecution if significant fraud is involved. These laws relate not only to the advertising produced and disseminated by us but also to statements made by endorsers or others in third-party testimonials that are used by us in advertising in any form, including but not limited to social media.

Federal and state laws also give causes of action to competitors to seek injunctive and monetary relief for false and misleading advertising statements. Any person who is or may be likely to be damaged by false or misleading advertising statement may bring an action in federal court pursuant to the Lanham Act, § 43(a). Proven damages may be trebled and attorney’s fees and costs may be awarded in appropriate cases. There are state analogs of this sort of unfair competition statute as well.

Under state UDAP statutes, consumers can bring private claims against companies who disseminate false or deceptive advertising claims. Although those UDAP statutes often provide for statutory damages in the case of individual consumers, more often such cases take the form of class actions, which can lead to massive damages awards and significant awards of attorney’s fees.

We are also subject to self-regulatory risks. The BBB National Programs, Inc. operates the National Advertising Division (“NAD”), which is the country’s leading self-regulatory body dedicated to truth and accuracy in advertising. A competitor can challenge advertising before the NAD. The process is non-public until the decision is rendered by the NAD, at which point the BBB National Programs issues a press release about the decision. Most advertisers comply with the recommendations of the NAD; those that refuse to comply can be referred to the FTC for investigation.

Any of the potential action described above if brought against us could disrupt our business operations, cause damage to our reputation, and result in a material adverse effects on our business.

Our business is subject to environmental regulation and regulations relating to the protection of health and safety matters that could result in compliance costs. Any violation or liability under environmental laws or health and safety regulations could harm our business.

We are subject to environmental and safety laws and regulations governing the use, storage and disposal of hazardous substances or wastes, including radioactive materials and wastes, and imposing liability for the cleanup of contamination from these substances. We handle hazardous substances in our manufacturing processes and in the compilation of our chemical library, and we could be liable for any improper use, storage, or disposal of such substances. We cannot completely eliminate the risk of contamination or injury from hazardous substances or wastes, and, in the event of such an incident, we could be held liable for any damages that result. In addition, we may be required to incur significant additional costs to comply with environmental laws and regulations in the future.

The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (“OSHA”), establishes certain employer responsibilities, including maintenance of a workplace free of recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious injury, compliance with standards promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and various record keeping, disclosure and procedural requirements. Various OSHA standards may apply to our operations. We have incurred, and will continue to incur, capital and operating expenditures and other costs in the ordinary course of our business in complying with OSHA and other state and local laws and regulations.

The failure to comply with environmental or safety regulations could also result in fines by government authorities and payment of damages to private litigants, which could harm our business.

Risks Related to SomaLogic Being a Public Company

Our disclosure controls and procedures may not prevent or detect all errors or acts of fraud.

We are in the process of implementing disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information we must disclose in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, and recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. We believe that any disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well-conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by an unauthorized override of the controls. As a result, because of these inherent limitations in our control system, misstatements or omissions due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected, which could result in failures to file required reports in a timely manner and filing reports containing incorrect information. Any of these outcomes could result in SEC enforcement actions, monetary fines or other penalties, damage to our reputation, and harm to our financial condition.

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, result in litigation and divert management’s attention.

As a public company, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of Nasdaq and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Complying with these rules and regulations has increased and will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, or costly and increase demand on our systems and resources, particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly, and current reports with respect to our business and operating results. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are required to disclose changes made in our internal control and procedures on a quarterly basis. In order to maintain and, if required, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to meet this standard, significant resources and management oversight may be required. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could adversely affect our business and operating results. We will need to hire additional employees or engage outside consultants to comply with these requirements, which will increase our costs and expenses.

In addition, changing laws, regulations, and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time-consuming.

These laws, regulations, and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations, and standards, and this investment will result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to their application and practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be adversely affected. By disclosing information in this prospectus and in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition will become more visible, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If those claims are successful, our business could be seriously harmed. Even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, the time and resources needed to resolve them could divert our management’s resources and seriously harm our business. We also expect that being a public company and these new rules and regulations will make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and, in the future, we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee and compensation committee, and qualified executive officers.

In addition, as a result of our disclosure obligations as a public company, we will have reduced strategic flexibility and will be under pressure to focus on short-term results, which may materially and adversely affect our ability to achieve long-term profitability.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock and Public Warrants

An active trading market for our Common Stock may never develop or be sustained.

Although our Common Stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market, the market for our shares has demonstrated varying levels of trading activity. If an active trading market does not develop, or develops but is not maintained, you may have difficulty selling any of our Common Stock due to the limited public float. We cannot predict the prices at which our Common Stock will trade. It is possible that in one or more future periods our results of operations and progression of our product pipeline may not meet the expectations of public market analysts and investors, and, as a result of these and other factors, the price of our Common Stock may fall. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of your ability to sell your shares of our Common Stock when desired or at prices at or above the price you paid for your shares or at all.

The market price of our Common Stock may be volatile, which could result in substantial losses for investors.

The trading price of our Common Stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control.

The market price of our Common Stock may fluctuate due to a variety of factors, including:

•        the timing of the launch and commercialization of our products and degree to which such launch and commercialization meets the expectations of securities analysts and investors;

•        actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results, including fluctuations in our quarterly and annual results;

•        operating expenses being more than anticipated;

•        the failure or discontinuation of any of our product development and research programs;

•        changes in the structure or funding of research at academic and research laboratories and institutions, including changes that would affect their ability to purchase our instruments or consumables;

•        the success of existing or new competitive businesses or technologies;

•        announcements about new research programs or products of our competitors;

•        developments or disputes concerning patent applications, issued patents or other proprietary rights;

•        the recruitment or departure of key personnel;

•        litigation and governmental investigations involving us, our industry or both;

•        regulatory or legal developments in the United States and other countries;

•        volatility and variations in market conditions in the life sciences technology sector generally, or the proteomics or genomics sectors specifically;

•        investor perceptions of us or our industry;

•        the level of expenses related to any of our research and development programs or products;

•        actual or anticipated changes in our estimates as to our financial results or development timelines, variations in our financial results or those of companies that are perceived to be similar to us or changes in estimates or recommendations by securities analysts, if any, that cover our Common Stock or companies that are perceived to be similar to us;

•        whether our financial results meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors;

•        the announcement or expectation of additional financing efforts;

•        sales of our Common Stock by us or by our insiders or other stockholders;

•        the expiration of market standoff or lock-up agreements;

•        general economic, industry and market conditions; and

•        the COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters or major catastrophic events.

Recently, stock markets in general, and the market for life sciences technology companies in particular, have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to changes in the operating performance of the companies whose stock is experiencing those price and volume fluctuations, particularly in light of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Broad market and industry factors may seriously affect the market price of our Common Stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. These fluctuations may be even more pronounced in the trading market for our Common Stock. Following periods of such volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been brought against that company.

Because of the potential volatility of our Common Stock price, we may become the target of securities litigation in the future. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources from our business.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the continued listing standards of Nasdaq

If Nasdaq delists our shares of Common Stock from trading on its exchange for failure to meet Nasdaq’s listing standards, we and our stockholders could face significant material adverse consequences including:

•        a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;

•        reduced liquidity for our securities;

•        a determination that our Common Stock is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our Common Stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;

•        a limited amount of new and analyst coverage; and

•        a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

Our principal stockholders and management own a significant percentage of our Common Stock and will be able to exercise significant influence over matters subject to stockholder approval.

As of June 30, 2021, our directors, executive officers, holders of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of Common Stock and their respective affiliates beneficially owned, collectively, approximately 29.5% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. As a result, these stockholders, if they act together, may significantly influence all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company that our other stockholders may believe is in their best interests. This in turn could have a material adverse effect on our stock price and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove the board of directors or management.

We do not expect to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future. Investors may never obtain a return on their investment.

You should not rely on an investment in our Common Stock to provide dividend income. We do not anticipate that we will pay any dividends to holders of our Common Stock in the foreseeable future. Instead, we plan to retain any earnings to maintain and expand our existing operations, fund our research and development programs and continue to invest in our commercial infrastructure. In addition, any future credit facility or financing we obtain may contain terms prohibiting or limiting the amount of dividends that may be declared or paid on our Common Stock. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of our Common Stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any return on their investment. As a result, investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our Common Stock.

Our Bylaws designate a state or federal court located within the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, and also provide that the federal district courts will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act each of which could limit our stockholders’ ability to choose the judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, stockholders, or employees.

Our Amended and Restated Bylaws (“Bylaws”) provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum (an “Alternative Forum Consent”), the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, another state court in Delaware or the federal district court for the District of Delaware) will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, stockholders or other employees to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”) or Bylaws (each, as may be amended from time to time),

or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the State of Delaware, except for any claim as to which the court does not have jurisdiction over an indispensable party to that claim. The foregoing shall not apply to any claims under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act. In addition, unless we give an Alternative Forum Consent, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any action asserting a claim arising under the Securities Act.

Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all such Securities Act actions. Accordingly, both state and federal courts have jurisdiction to entertain such claims. To prevent having to litigate claims in multiple jurisdictions and the threat of inconsistent or contrary rulings by different courts, among other considerations, our Bylaws also provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.

Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding or owning (or continuing to hold or own) any interest in any of our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the foregoing Bylaws provisions. Although we believe these exclusive forum provisions benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law and federal securities laws in the types of lawsuits to which each applies, the exclusive forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of its choosing for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, stockholders, or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims against us and our current and former directors, officers, stockholders, or other employees. In addition, a stockholder that is unable to bring a claim in the judicial forum of its choosing may be required to incur additional costs in the pursuit of actions which are subject to the exclusive forum provisions described above. Our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder as a result of our exclusive forum provisions. Further, in the event a court finds either exclusive forum provision contained in our Bylaws to be unenforceable or inapplicable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our results of operations.

Delaware law and provisions in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws might discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management and, therefore, depress the trading price of our Common Stock.

Our status as a Delaware corporation and the anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control by prohibiting us from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the person becomes an interested stockholder without the approval of holders of 662/3% of the voting power of our stockholders other than the interested stockholder, even if a change of control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders. In addition, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain provisions that may make the acquisition of our company more difficult, including the following:

•        our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors with staggered three-year terms and directors are only able to be removed from office for cause by the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of our then outstanding capital stock;

•        certain amendments to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation require the approval of stockholders holding two-thirds of the voting power of our then outstanding capital stock;

•        any stockholder-proposed amendment to certain provisions of our Bylaws require the approval of stockholders holding two-thirds of the voting power of our then outstanding capital stock;

•        our stockholders are only able to take action at a meeting of stockholders and are not able to take action by written consent for any matter, except as provided in Article VI(A) of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation;

•        vacancies on our board of directors are able to be filled only by our board of directors and not by stockholders;

•        only the chair of our board of directors, our chief executive officer, our president or a majority of our board of directors are authorized to call a special meeting of stockholders;

•        certain litigation against us can only be brought in Delaware;

•        our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes preferred stock, the terms of which may be established by our board of directors and shares of which may be issued, without the approval of the holders of our capital stock; and

•        advance notice procedures apply for stockholders to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring matters before an annual meeting of stockholders.

These anti-takeover defenses could discourage, delay, or prevent a transaction involving our change in control. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors of their choosing and to cause us to take other corporate actions they desire, any of which, under certain circumstances, could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our capital stock.

We may amend the terms of the Public Warrants in a manner that may be adverse to holders with the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then-outstanding Public Warrants. As a result, the exercise price of a holder’s Public Warrants could be increased, the exercise period could be shortened and the number of shares of our Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of a Public Warrant could be decreased, all without the approval of that warrant holder.

Our Public Warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between CMLS II and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the Public Warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, but requires the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then-outstanding Public Warrants to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders. Accordingly, we may amend the terms of the Public Warrants in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 50% of the then-outstanding Public Warrants approve of such amendment. Although our ability to amend the terms of the Public Warrants with the consent of at least 50% of the then-outstanding Public Warrants is unlimited, examples of such amendments could be amendments to, among other things, increase the exercise price of the Public Warrants, convert the warrants into cash or stock, shorten the exercise period or decrease the number of shares of Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of a Public Warrant.

We may redeem unexpired Public Warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to warrant holders, thereby making their Public Warrants worthless.

We have the ability to redeem outstanding Public Warrants (i) at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per Public Warrant; provided that the last reported sales price of our Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we give notice of such redemption to the warrant holders; and (ii) at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.10 per Public Warrant; provided that the last reported sales price of our Common Stock equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we give notice of such redemption to the warrant holders; provided further that, if the last reported sales price of our Common Stock is less than $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we give notice of such redemption to the warrant holders, the Private Placement Warrants must also be concurrently called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Public Warrants, as described above.

If and when the Public Warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. We will use our best efforts to register or qualify such shares of Common Stock under the blue sky laws of the state of residence in those states in which the warrants were offered by us. Redemption of the outstanding Public Warrants could force the warrant holders: (i) to exercise their Public Warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for them to do so; (ii) to sell their Public Warrants at the then-current market price when they might otherwise wish to hold their Public Warrants; or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding Public Warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of their

Public Warrants. None of the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by us (except as described in the section entitled “Redemption of Warrants When the Price per Share of Common Stock Equals or Exceeds $10.00”) so long as they are held by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees.

Our warrants are exercisable for our Common Stock, which will increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders.

Our Public Warrants are exercisable for up to 5,520,000 shares of Common Stock at $11.50 per share. Our Private Placement Warrants are exercisable for up to 5,013,333 shares of Common Stock at $11.50 per share. The additional shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of our warrants will result in dilution to the then existing holders of our Common Stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock.

The unaudited pro forma financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus may not be indicative of our future operating results or financial position.

The pro forma financial information included in this prospectus is presented for informational purposes only and is it indicative of our future operating results or financial position. The pro forma statement of operations does not reflect future nonrecurring charges resulting from the Business Combination. The unaudited pro forma financial information does not reflect future events that may occur after the Business Combination and does not consider potential impacts of future market conditions on revenues or expenses. The pro forma financial information included in the section entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” has been derived from CMLS II’s and our historical financial statements and certain adjustments and assumptions have been made regarding our Company after giving effect to the Business Combination. There may be differences between preliminary estimates in the pro forma financial information and the final acquisition accounting, which could result in material differences from the pro forma information presented in this prospectus in respect of our estimated financial position and results of operations.

In addition, the assumptions used in preparing the pro forma financial information may not prove to be accurate and other factors may affect our financial condition or results of operations. Any potential decline in our financial condition or results of operations may cause significant variations in our stock price.

The price of our Common Stock and Public Warrants may be volatile.

The price of our Common Stock and Public Warrants may fluctuate due to a variety of factors, including:

•        changes in the industries in which we and our customers operate;

•        variations in our operating performance and the performance of our competitors in general;

•        material and adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the markets and the broader global economy;

•        actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results;

•        the public’s reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;

•        our failure or the failure of our competitors to meet analysts’ projections or guidance that we or our competitors may give to the market;

•        additions and departures of key personnel;

•        changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

•        commencement of, or involvement in, litigation involving us;

•        changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;

•        publication of research reports by securities analysts about us or our competitors or our industry;

USE OF PROCEEDS

All of the securities offered by the Selling Securityholders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the Selling Securityholders for their respective accounts. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the securities hereunder.

Assuming the exercise of all outstanding warrants for cash and the exercise of all outstanding Madryn Options for cash, we will receive an aggregate of approximately $125.1 million, but will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise. We expect to use the net proceeds from the exercise of the warrants and the Madryn Options, if any, for investment in growth, and general corporate purposes. We will have broad discretion over the use of any proceeds from the exercise of the warrants and the Madryn Options. There is no assurance that the holders of the warrants or holders of the Madryn Options will elect to exercise for cash any or all of such warrants or Madryn Options. To the extent that any warrants or Madryn Options are exercised on a “cashless basis,” the amount of cash we would receive from the exercise of the warrants or Madryn Options will decrease.

The Selling Securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders in disposing of the securities. We will bear the costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the securities covered by this prospectus, including all registration and filing fees, Nasdaq listing fees and fees and expenses of our counsel and our independent registered public accounting firm.

DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE

The offering price of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Public Warrants, the Private Placement Warrants, and the Madryn Options offered hereby is determined by reference to the exercise price of the warrants of $11.50 per share and the exercise price of the Madryn Options of $4.77 per share. The Public Warrants are listed on the Nasdaq under the symbol “SLGCW.”

MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Market Information and Holders

Our Common Stock and Public Warrants are currently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols “SLGC” and “SLGCW” respectively. Prior to the consummation of the Business Consummation, CMLS II’s Units, common stock and Public Warrants were listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “CMIIU,” “CMII” and “CMIIW,” respectively.

On October 14, 2021, the closing sale price of our Common Stock was $11.28 per share and the closing price of the Public Warrants was $3.14 per Public Warrant.

As of October 14, 2021, there were approximately 423 holders of record of our Common Stock and 1 holder of record of our Public Warrants. Such numbers do not include beneficial owners holding our securities through nominee names.

Dividend Policy

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock, and we do not currently intend to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. We expect to retain future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. Any future determination to pay dividends on our Common Stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other factors, our financial condition, operating results, current and anticipated cash needs, plans for expansion and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet of the post-combination company as of June 30, 2021 and the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations of the post-combination company for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020 present the combination of the financial information of CMLS II and Old SomaLogic after giving effect to the Business Combination, PIPE Investment, conversion of the convertible debt, and related adjustments described in the accompanying notes. CMLS II and Old SomaLogic are referred to herein, subsequent to the Business Combination and the PIPE Investment, as the post-combination company.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination and PIPE Investment as if they were completed on June 30, 2021. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020 give pro forma effect to the Business Combination and PIPE Investment as if they had occurred on January 1, 2020. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 also gives pro forma effect to conversion of the convertible debt into 682,070 shares of Old SomaLogic Class B common stock, which occurred on July 9, 2021, as if it had occurred on June 30, 2021. Additionally, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and the for the year ended December 31, 2020 give pro forma effect to the conversion of the convertible debt as if it had occurred January 1, 2020.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is based on and should be read in conjunction with the following historical financial statements and the accompanying notes:

•        the historical audited financial statements of CMLS II as of December 31, 2020 and for the period from December 15, 2020 (inception) through December 31, 2020, included elsewhere in this prospectus;

•        the historical unaudited condensed financial statements of CMLS II as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2021, included elsewhere in this prospectus;

•        the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Old SomaLogic as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020, included elsewhere in this prospectus; and

•        the historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Old SomaLogic as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2021, included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information should also be read together with the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been presented for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily reflect what the post-combination company’s financial condition or results of operations would have been had the Business Combination, the PIPE Investment, and the conversion of the convertible debt occurred on the dates indicated. Further, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information also may not be useful in predicting the future financial condition and results of operations of the post-combination company. The actual financial position and results of operations may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts reflected herein due to a variety of factors. The unaudited pro forma adjustments represent management’s estimates based on information available as of the date of these unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements and are subject to change as additional information becomes available and analyses are performed.

Description of Business Combination

On March 28, 2021, Old SomaLogic entered into the Merger Agreement with CMLS II and Merger Sub. The Business Combination was consummated on September 1, 2021, whereby (i) Old SomaLogic changed its name to “SomaLogic Operating Co., Inc.,” (ii) CMLS II changed its name to SomaLogic, Inc. (the “Company”), and (iii) Merger Sub merged with and into Old SomaLogic, with Old SomaLogic surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The aggregate merger consideration paid in connection with the Business Combination (excluding any potential Earn-Out Shares, as defined below) was $1,250 million, which consists of cash payments (at the election of Old SomaLogic stockholders) of $50.0 million (“Cash Consideration”) and equity consideration in the form of (i) the issuance of shares of Common Stock of the Company (“Share Consideration”) and (ii) rollover of Old SomaLogic’s

outstanding options. The number of shares of Common Stock issued as Share Consideration was based on a deemed value of $10.00 per share after giving effect to an exchange ratio of 0.8381 (the “Exchange Ratio”). Accordingly, the $50 million Cash Consideration was paid to Old SomaLogic stockholders, 110,973,213 shares of Common Stock were issued to Old SomaLogic stockholders on the Closing Date, and 17,177,528 shares of Common Stock may be issued in the future upon the exercise of Old SomaLogic options based on the following transactions that occurred on the Closing Date:

•        the cancellation of each issued and outstanding share of Old SomaLogic Class B common stock (including shares of Old SomaLogic Class B common stock resulting from the deemed conversion of Old SomaLogic redeemable convertible preferred stock) and the conversion into the right to receive a pro rata share of the Cash Consideration or a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Exchange Ratio; and

•        the conversion of all outstanding Old SomaLogic options into options exercisable for shares of Common Stock with the same terms except for the number of shares exercisable and the exercise price, each of which was adjusted using the Exchange Ratio.

Old SomaLogic stockholders and certain employees or individual service providers of Old SomaLogic (“Earn-Out Service Providers”) are also entitled to receive a number of shares (“Earn-Out Shares”) of up to 3,500,125 and 1,499,875 additional shares of Common Stock, respectively, if at any time between the 13-month anniversary of the Closing Date and the 24-month anniversary of the Closing Date, the Common Stock share price is greater than or equal to $20.00 for a period of at least 20 out of 30 consecutive trading days (“Triggering Event”). Any Earn-Out Shares issuable to an Earn-Out Service Provider shall be issued only if such individual continues to provide services (whether as an employee, director or individual independent contractor) through the date of occurrence of the corresponding Triggering Event (or a change in control acceleration event, if applicable) that causes such Earn-Out Shares to become issuable. Any Earn-Out Shares that are forfeited pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be reallocated to the Old SomaLogic stockholders in accordance with their respective pro rata Earn-Out Shares.

Other Related Events in Connection with the Business Combination

Other related events in connection with the Business Combination are summarized below:

•        the issuance of 36,500,000 shares of Common Stock for aggregate proceeds of $365.0 million from consummation of the PIPE Investment; and

•        the conversion of CMLS II Class B common stock into Common Stock on a one-for-one basis

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information below reflects the actual redemption of 809,850 shares of Class A common stock by CMLS II’s public stockholders at $10.00 per share.

The following summarizes the pro forma post-combination company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately after the Business Combination and PIPE Investment:

____________

(1)      Excludes 5,520,000 and 5,013,333 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants, respectively.

(2)      Excludes 17,177,528 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Old SomaLogic options.

(3)      Excludes 5,000,000 shares of Common Stock in potential Earn-Out Shares as they are not issuable until 13 to 24 months after the Closing Date and are contingently issuable based upon the Triggering Event.

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
JUNE 30, 2021
(in thousands)

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
COMBINED BALANCE SHEET — (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2021
(in thousands)

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2021
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation

The historical information of CMLS II and Old SomaLogic has been adjusted in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information to reflect pro forma adjustments related to the Business Combination, PIPE Investment, and conversion of the convertible debt in accordance with GAAP.

The Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization because Old SomaLogic has been determined to be the accounting acquirer under Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations. The determination is primarily based on the evaluation of the following facts and circumstances taking into consideration both the no redemption and maximum redemption scenario:

•        the Old SomaLogic stockholders hold the majority of voting rights in the post-combination company;

•        the Old SomaLogic stockholders have the right to appoint the majority of the directors on the post-combination company board;

•        senior management of Old SomaLogic comprises the senior management of the post-combination company; and

•        operations of Old SomaLogic comprise the ongoing operations of the post-combination company.

Under the reverse recapitalization model, the Business Combination is reflected as the equivalent of Old SomaLogic issuing stock for the net assets of CMLS II, accompanied by a recapitalization whereby no goodwill or other intangible assets are recorded.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33 — 10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 combines the unaudited condensed balance sheet of CMLS II as of June 30, 2021 with the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of Old SomaLogic as of June 30, 2021, giving effect to the Business Combination, PIPE Investment, and conversion of the convertible debt as if it had been consummated on June 30, 2021. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 combines the unaudited condensed statement of operations of CMLS II for the six months ended June 30, 2021 with the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations of Old SomaLogic for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 combines the audited statements of operations of CMLS II for the period from December 15, 2020 (inception) through December 31, 2020 with the audited consolidated statement of operations of Old SomaLogic for the year ended December 31, 2020. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations presented give effect to the Business Combination, PIPE Investment, and conversion of the convertible debt as if they had been consummated on January 1, 2020, the earliest period presented. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information also reflects the actual redemption of 809,850 shares of Class A common stock by CMLS II’s public stockholders at $10.00 per share.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not reflect the income tax effects of the pro forma adjustments as any change in the deferred tax balance would be offset by an increase in the valuation allowance given that Old SomaLogic incurred significant losses during the historical periods presented.

Note 2 — Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

Balance Sheet

The pro forma adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 are as follows:

(A)    Reflects the proceeds of $365.0 million from the issuance and sale of 36,500,000 shares of Common Stock at $10.00 per share pursuant to the PIPE Investment entered into with PIPE Investors.

(B)    Reflects the liquidation and reclassification of $276.0 million of cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account to cash and cash equivalents upon consummation of the Business Combination.

(C)    Represents the payment of $9.7 million of deferred underwriters’ discount (fees) incurred as part of CMLS II’s IPO that becomes payable upon the Closing of the Business Combination.

(D)    Reflects the conversion of Old SomaLogic’s convertible debt into 682,070 shares of Old SomaLogic Class B common stock, which occurred on July 9, 2021, prior to the consummation of the Business Combination.

(E)    Reflects the elimination of Old SomaLogic’s treasury stock.

(F)    Represents additional estimated transaction costs of $37.7 million incurred by CMLS II and Old  SomaLogic related to the Business Combination and PIPE Investment, of which $36.5 million are direct and incremental and have been reflected as a reduction in cash with a corresponding decrease in additional paid-in capital. The remaining $1.2 million of other transaction costs have been reflected as a reduction in cash with a corresponding decrease in accumulated deficit. Additionally, represents the elimination of $5.4 million deferred transaction costs incurred by Old SomaLogic related to the Business Combination and PIPE Investment, of which $0.7 million were accrued and $4.7 million were paid as of June 30, 2021. The deferred transaction costs incurred by Old SomaLogic are direct and incremental and have been reflected as a decrease in additional paid-in capital.

(G)    Reflects the reclassification of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption to permanent equity.

(H)    Represents the cash disbursed to redeem 809,850 shares of Class A common stock for $8.1 million at a redemption price of $10.00 per share.

(I)     Reflects the conversion of CMLS II Class B common stock to Common Stock concurrently with the Closing of the Business Combination on a one-for-one basis.

(J)     Reflects the payment of $50.0 million of Cash Consideration to the Old SomaLogic stockholders in connection with the Business Combination.

(K)    Reflects the elimination of CMLS II’s historical accumulated deficit.

(L)    Reflects the estimated fair value of the Earn-Out Shares contingently issuable and recorded as a liability as of the Closing Date. For further information, see Note 3.

(M)   Represents the Share Consideration paid to Old SomaLogic stockholders, resulting in the conversion of Old SomaLogic Class B common stock (including shares of Old SomaLogic Class B common stock resulting from the deemed conversion of Old SomaLogic redeemable convertible preferred stock) into Common Stock pursuant to the Exchange Ratio. Each Old SomaLogic stockholders’ Share Consideration was reduced by the applicable stockholders’ Cash Consideration.

Statements of Operations

The pro forma adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020 are as follows:

(AA) Reflects the incremental stock-based compensation expense for Earn-Out Shares to be issued to Earn-Out Service Providers who have a continuing service requirement. For further details, refer to Note 3.

(BB) Represents the elimination of historical interest expense and debt discount amortization related to Old SomaLogic’s convertible debt for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

(CC) Represents the elimination of interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in CMLS II’s Trust Account for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

(DD) Represents pro forma net loss per share based on pro forma net loss and 181,163,363 total pro forma shares outstanding upon consummation of the Business Combination and PIPE Investment. For each period presented, there is no difference between basic and diluted pro forma net loss per share as outstanding options, warrants, and Earn-Out Shares are anti-dilutive and are not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share.

Note 3 — Earn-Out Shares

Earn-Out Shares are contingently issuable upon the Triggering Event, except for Earn-Out Shares contingently issuable to Earn-Out Service Providers that are contingently issuable upon both the Triggering Event and certain service conditions. The Earn-Out Shares issuable to Old SomaLogic stockholders are deemed to be a contingent consideration arrangement and are expected to be accounted for as a liability (“Earn-Out Liability”). The estimated fair value of the Earn-Out Shares contingently issuable to Old SomaLogic stockholders is approximately $17.5 million as of June 30, 2021, which is recorded as Earn-Out Liability and remeasured to fair value at each reporting period.

The Earn-Out Shares issuable to Earn-Out Service Providers are expected to be accounted for as stock-based compensation expense as they are subject to a post-combination service condition through the date of the Triggering Event. The estimated fair value of the Earn-Out Shares issuable to Earn-Out Service Providers is approximately $6.5 million as of June 30, 2021, of which $1.0 million and $5.5 million were recorded as stock-based compensation expense in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020, respectively.

The fair values of the Earn-Out Shares were determined using Monte Carlo simulation model implemented in a risk-neutral valuation framework. The most significant assumptions impacting the fair value of the Earn-Out Liability and Earn-Out Shares contingently issuable to Earn-Out Service Providers is the estimated share price at Closing Date, estimated forfeitures, the estimated volatility, and the risk-free interest rate over the period between the 13-month anniversary of the Closing and the 24-month anniversary of the Closing (inclusive of the first and last day of such period, the “Earn-Out Period”). If the actual assumptions are different from those assumed for the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information, the fair value of the Earn-Out Liability and Earn-Out Shares issuable to Earn-Out Service Providers would be different.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of SomaLogic’s results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the information set forth in SomaLogic’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, and the related respective notes thereto, included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon SomaLogic’s current expectations, estimates and projections that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements due to, among other considerations, the matters discussed under “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refer to the business of SomaLogic, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiary prior to the consummation of the Business Combination, and to the Company and its consolidated subsidiary following the consummation of the Business Combination.

Business Overview

SomaLogic is a leading commercial-stage proteomics company. We have built an integrated proteomics platform capable of robust, high throughput proteomics analysis with broad proteome coverage, low limits of detection, high reproducibility and at low costs. We designed our platform with the goal of being a universal proteomics platform, with the breadth (number of proteins measured) and precision (accuracy of measurement) important for discovery and research applications, and both the reproducibility and robustness important for clinical applications. Our platform is underpinned by our extensive global patent portfolio protecting our proteomics platform, products and services, our proprietary assay technology, our proteomics database (which we believe is one of the largest proteomics databases worldwide), and artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities. As of June 30, 2021, our assay can measure approximately 7,000 protein target measurements in a single sample using only approximately 55µL of plasma or serum. Our proteomics database matches proteomics and clinical information and contains over 1.5 billion protein measurements with over 675,000 participant-years of longitudinal clinical data from follow-up. Leveraging our artificial intelligence-enabled bioinformatics capability, we use our database to power diagnostic product development for our research and clinical customers. We currently run our platform within our own laboratory, receive samples from customers and provide them proteomics analysis services. We are also developing an integrated solution comprising kits and select equipment that would enable customers to perform our proteomics assay at their own sites and leverage our bioinformatics capabilities to analyze the data. We have served over 300 customers and collaborators with our proteomics technology since 2015. Our current partnerships include Novartis, Amgen and others, and our proteomics assay is used in laboratories both at the FDA and the National Institute of Health.

As of 2021, we primarily generate revenue through our assay services, which consists primarily of a service model whereby we receive samples from pharmaceutical, biotechnology or academic clients, perform the SomaScan® assay, and subsequently use bioinformatics and analytics to further refine the collected data and deliver this back to the customer. In the six months ended June 30, 2021 and in the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, approximately 75%, 85%, and 87%, respectively, of our assay services sales were generated by pharmaceutical customers. In mid-2020, we re-opened a simple fee-for-service offering, in addition to our previous data-sharing model that has proven very popular among customers. We expect our customer base to continue to grow in 2021 as a result of the fee-for-service offering and an expanded commercial development team.

In addition to the SomaScan® assay, we have developed and released SomaSignal™ tests into an observation market. The SomaSignal™ tests are data-driven diagnostic tests with high predictive power of biological disease and risks to patients which have a wide range of potential applications. We are currently evaluating a variety of different partnerships to drive adoption of SomaSignal™ tests.

We also generate product revenue, which primarily consists of the sale of SomaScan® kits. Our assay kits are aimed at enabling our customers to bring our proteomic platform in-house. We have historically sold our kits to a limited number of primarily academic customers and are establishing agreements for an upgraded platform with several sites in 2021 to prepare for a future full-scale launch.

As of June 30, 2021, we had approximately 220 employees, including a commercial team of more than 25 employees and a research and development team of more than 45 employees. We plan to continue expanding our commercial team significantly in the coming years.

Our commercial and product development teams are consistently partnering with our customers to develop products and services which speed the adoption of proteomics for our customers, including data analysis, data integration and ease of use tool sets. We are also actively exploring several potential co-marketing and new channel and product development opportunities with various partners in closely aligned scientific verticals, such as genomics.

We have historically and will continue to invest heavily in new products and solutions. Our research and development efforts are primarily focused on developing new proteomic content and additional SomaSignal™ tests as well as developing new applications for existing technologies.

Since our inception, we have incurred net losses in each year. Our net losses were $22.8 million and $36.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $53.0 million and $57.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of June 30, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $434.2 million, cash and cash equivalents of $47.1 million, and short-term investments of $111.0 million. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses for the foreseeable future and to incur operating losses. We expect our expenses will increase in connection with our ongoing activities as we:

•        expand our sales and marketing efforts to further commercialize our products;

•        expand our research and development efforts to improve our existing products and develop and launch new products;

•        invest in processes, tools and infrastructure to support the growth of our business, including incurring costs related to operating as a public company;

•        attract, hire and retain qualified personnel; and

•        protect and defend our intellectual property.

Business Combination

On March 28, 2021, SomaLogic entered into the Merger Agreement with CMLS II and Merger Sub. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, on September 1, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), (i) SomaLogic (“Old SomaLogic”) changed its name to “SomaLogic Operating Co., Inc.,” (ii) CMLS II changed its name to “SomaLogic, Inc.” (which represents “SomaLogic” or the “Company” following the consummation of the Business Combination), and (iii) Merger Sub merged with and into Old SomaLogic, with Old SomaLogic surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Business Combination”).

The Business Combination will be accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Old SomaLogic is deemed the accounting predecessor and the Company is the successor SEC registrant, which means that Old SomaLogic’s consolidated financial statements for previous periods will be disclosed in the registrant’s future periodic reports filed with the SEC. Under this method of accounting, CMLS II is treated as the acquired company for financial reporting purposes.

The most significant change in the successor’s future reported financial position and results are expected to be an estimated $535.5 million net increase in cash and cash equivalents (as compared to SomaLogic’s consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2021) and an estimated $654.1 million net increase in total stockholders’ equity (as compared to SomaLogic’s consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2021), based on actual CMLS II stockholders’ redemptions and SomaLogic stockholders’ cash elections. Total transaction costs are estimated at approximately $43.1 million, of which SomaLogic expects approximately $1.2 million to be expensed. Refer to the section entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

As a result of the Business Combination, SomaLogic is the successor to a SEC-registered and a Nasdaq-listed company, which will require SomaLogic to hire additional personnel and implement procedures and processes to address public company regulatory requirements and customary practices. SomaLogic expects to incur additional annual expenses as a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees, and additional internal and external accounting, legal, and administrative resources, including increased personnel costs, audit and other professional services fees.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak to be a global pandemic. Since then, COVID-19 has continued to spread throughout much of the United States and the world causing uncertainty and disruption to business activities.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in delays in our fundraising efforts and revenue. In response, we took aggressive actions to reduce spend and contain costs including implementing a hiring freeze, eliminating travel, executing early lease terminations for two administrative buildings in Boulder, Colorado, as well as closing our Oxford, United Kingdom laboratory (“Lab Closure”). The Company experienced notable shifts in research funding in the pharmaceutical industry to COVID-19 research, largely delaying our revenue from the first half of 2020 to the second half of 2020. The Company modified its amended and restated credit agreement (“Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) in the second and fourth quarters of 2020 in order to avoid noncompliance with financial and nonfinancial covenants. Despite the economic challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we ended fiscal year 2020 with revenue growth of 74% year over year and we ended the first six months of 2021 with revenue growth of 188% compared to the same six months in the prior year. We also benefited from our cost savings actions which included reduction in travel and non-essential spending.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be dynamic and near-term challenges across the economy remain. We expect continued volatility and unpredictability related to the impact of COVID-19 on our business results. We continue to actively monitor the pandemic and we will continue to take appropriate steps to mitigate the adverse impacts on our business posed by the on-going spread of COVID-19.

Factors Affecting Our Performance

The following factors have been important to our business and we expect them to impact our results of operations and financial condition in future periods:

Continued adoption of our services and products

Our performance depends on our ability to drive adoption of our integrated platform of proteomic solutions and services, initially in the research and clinical markets. We have a well-established base of marquee customer and Key Opinion Leaders (“KOL”) relationships in place, and as we grow further, we expect to win contracts with new customers and expand the scope of existing contracts with existing customers. To facilitate this growth, we will grow our commercial organization and raise awareness through all available channels, including our KOL relationships and relevant publications. We plan to develop and grow our offering of reagents and corresponding solutions, including both small and large plex capabilities, site-of-service deployed assay options, and bioinformatics offerings to attract additional customers and cross-sell to existing customers. Additionally, we have an ongoing focus on growing our proteomics database and artificial intelligence and machine learning analytics to drive value and market opportunities.

Continued investment in growth

Our significant revenue growth has been driven by rapid innovation towards novel solutions that command price premiums and quick adoption of our solutions by our customer base. We intend to continue to make focused investments to increase revenue and scale operations to support growth and therefore expect expenses in this area to increase. We have invested, and will continue to invest, significantly in our laboratory process and commercial infrastructure. Investments in research and development will include hiring of employees with the necessary scientific and technical backgrounds to enable enhancements to our existing services and products and bring new services and products to market. Additionally, we plan to invest in sales and marketing activities, and expect to incur additional general and administrative expenses. To support the expansion, expenditures to develop and mature operational processes, financial and management information systems are expected to be incurred. As cost of revenue, operating expenses and capital expenditures fluctuate over time, we may experience short-term, negative impacts to our results of operations and cash flows, but we are undertaking such investments in the belief that they will contribute to long-term growth.

We have made, and intend to continue to make, investments that meet management’s criteria to expand or add key technologies we believe will facilitate the development and commercialization of new products or services in the future. Such investments could take the form of an asset acquisition, the acquisition of a business or the exclusive or non-exclusive license of patented technology. Any acquisitions we make may affect our future financial results.

Ability to lower the costs associated with performing the assay

Reducing the costs associated with performing our assay is both our focus and strategic objective. Over the long term, our objective is to reduce the cost of raw materials by improving the output efficiency of our assays and laboratory processes. Our approach to reducing these costs include, but are not limited to, modifying our assays and laboratory processes to use materials and technologies that provide equal or greater quality at lower cost, improving how we manage our materials and negotiating favorable terms for our materials purchases. We plan to reduce the cost of performing our SomaScan® assay as we move to either a less expensive array or Next Generation Sequencing system for our DNA readout of the protein concentrations present in a sample.

Seasonality

Our revenue can be seasonal dependent upon the spending patterns of our customers. Seasonality results from a number of factors, including the procurement and budgeting cycles of many of our customers, especially government- or grant-funded customers, whose cycles often coincide with government fiscal year ends. For example, the United States government’s fiscal year end occurs in our third quarter and may result in increased sales of our products during such quarter if government-funded customers have unused funds that may be forfeited, or future budgets that may be reduced, if such funds remain unspent at such fiscal year end. Furthermore, the academic budgetary cycle similarly requires grantees to “use or lose” their grant funding, which seems to be tied disproportionately to the end of the calendar year, driving sales higher during the fourth quarter. Similarly, our biopharmaceutical customers typically have calendar year fiscal years which also result in a disproportionate amount of their purchasing activity occurring during our fourth quarter.

Development and commercialization of clinical diagnostic tests

To facilitate a more complete understanding of human biology and improve human wellness, we aim to continue to advance our portfolio of clinical diagnostic tests that leverage our proprietary proteomics platform and artificial intelligence-enabled bioinformatics. By developing additional tests, the Company can provide more options to customers and collaborators and further commercialize our platform driving growth in revenue.

We released our first 12 SomaSignal™ tests into an observation market (local concierge practices in Colorado) under our laboratory developed tests (“LDT”) Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (“CLIA”) license in late 2019. This selected market is being used to study sample logistics and flow, SomaSignal™ tests report structure as well as to determine the support needs of clinicians and patients ordering and receiving SomaSignal™ tests results. Over the past year, we have developed 16 tests for the research use only (“RUO”) market — most of which are directed at characterizing individuals in clinical trials. We anticipate approximately 10 to 15 additional SomaSignal™ tests or product claims to clear our development and validation process during 2021, mostly directed at helping to manage chronic disease and will be of significant interest to health system providers.

We are working closely with our clinical implementation partners and prioritizing the test pipeline to have the greatest impact on their business. Our plan is for these tests to focus on disease management, enabling at home sample collection and facilitating early intervention in diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality burden, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.

Working in conjunction with our proteomics database and bioinformatics capabilities, our broad and versatile foundational assay, SomaScan®, enables the natural expansion of our test menu given the continuous incorporation of real-world data into our growing foundational assay. We believe this dynamic will support continuous and long-term growth of our research and clinical diagnostics business. Additionally, with our growing foundational assay in place as the single source for all new test menus, we believe we are well positioned to expand to additional adjacent markets within proteomics and genomics.

Expansion of our proteomic content

As of June 30, 2021, we have a library of slow off-rate modified aptamers, SOMAmers® reagents against approximately 7,000 protein target measurements of the 20,000 known canonical proteins encoded in the human genome. The breadth (number of proteins measured) of our SomaScan® assay is uniquely superior to other technologies in an aspect that is vital to customers. For each protein, we typically have a collection of 100’s to 1000’s of proprietary “monoclonal” SOMAmer® reagents (reagents with unique and defined sequences) from which we select and place one, or in some cases several, reagents on our SomaScan® assay. Any follow-up studies, which are of interest to many of our customers and partners, are facilitated with these collections of reagents, which is uniquely possible with our technology. To maintain our competitive advantage, we plan to increase the number of protein reagents to approximately 10,000 in the next 24 months based on allocated funding, resource availability, and the successful validation of new reagents. Upon successful commercialization of the new reagents, the impact to cost of revenue for the new proteomic content is estimated to be offset by the increased efficiencies we may gain from sample volume growth and value engineering initiatives.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

We derive our revenue from four primary sources: (1) assay services revenue, (2) product revenue, (3) collaboration revenue, and (4) other revenue. Customers include top biopharmaceutical companies and leading academic research universities.

Assay services revenue

We generate assay services revenue primarily from the sale of SomaScan® services. SomaScan® service revenue is derived from performing the SomaScan® assay on customer samples to generate data on protein biomarkers. We expect assay services revenue to increase over the long-term with new and recurring sales opportunities. With the enhancement of our proteomic services, we expect to capture more market opportunities outside of the United States region, as well as winning contracts with new customers and expanding the scope of sales with existing customers.

Product revenue

Product revenue primarily consists of kit sales, which enable our customers to bring the SomaScan® proteomic platform in-house and to build lines of business based on this technology. In preparation for a full-scale launch, we are establishing agreements with several sites to deploy kits this year. This will allow SomaLogic to quickly grow into geographic regions and research organizations we have historically not operated in.

Collaboration revenue

Collaboration revenue consists of fees earned for research and development services, except for grant revenue research and development services that are classified in other revenue. Collaboration revenue currently relates to an arrangement with one customer, NEC Solution Innovators, Ltd. (“NES”), a wholly owned subsidiary of NEC Corporation (“NEC”). We believe expanding collaborative arrangements with KOLs will allow for further enhancements of our integrated platform, lower barriers to adoption and introduce or expand new market channels and customers within geographic regions and markets we do not currently operate in.

Other revenue

Other revenue includes royalty revenue and revenue received from research grants. The Company recognizes royalty revenue for fees paid by customers in return for the exclusive license to make, use or sell certain licensed products in certain geographic areas. Grant revenue represents funding under cost reimbursement programs from government agencies, and non-profit foundations for qualified research and development activities performed by the Company. We expect other revenue to continue to grow as we expand our commercial team and they continue to pursue licensing relationships.

Cost of revenue

Cost of assay services revenue

Cost of assay services revenue consists of raw materials and production costs, salaries and other personnel costs, overhead and other direct costs related to assay services revenue. It also includes provisions for excess or obsolete inventory and costs for production variances, such as yield losses, material usages, spending and capacity variances. Cost of assay services revenue also includes royalty fees that the Company owes to third parties related to assay services.

We expect cost of assay services revenue to increase as we grow our sample volume. We expect the cost per sample to decrease over the long term due to the efficiencies we may gain as sample volume increases from improved utilization of our laboratory capacity and other value engineering initiatives. If our sample volume throughput is reduced as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise, cost of revenue as a percentage of total revenue may be adversely impacted due to fixed overhead cost.

Cost of product revenue

Cost of product revenue consists of raw materials and production costs, salaries and other personnel costs, overhead and other direct costs related to product revenue. Cost of product revenue is recognized in the period the related revenue is recognized. Shipping and handling costs incurred for product shipments are included in cost of product revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Cost of product revenue also includes royalty fees that the Company owes to third parties related to the sale of products.

Research and development

Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits, laboratory supplies, clinical study costs, consulting fees and related costs. We believe that our continued investment in research and development is essential to our long-term competitive position. We plan to continue to invest significantly in our research and development efforts, including hiring additional employees, with an expected focus on advancing our assay and our bioinformatics platform, new clinical studies, as well as lowering the cost of assays. As a result of these and other initiatives, we expect research and development expenses will increase in absolute dollars in future periods and vary from period to period as a percentage of revenue.

Selling, general and administrative

Selling expenses consist primarily of personnel and marketing related costs. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs for our finance, human resources, business development and general management, as well as professional services, such as legal and accounting services.

As we continue to introduce new services and products, broaden our customer base and grow our business, we expect selling, general and administrative expenses to increase in future periods as the number of sales and marketing and administrative personnel grows. We also anticipate incurring increased accounting, audit, legal, regulatory, compliance, director and officer insurance costs, as well as, investor and public relations expenses associated with operating as a public company.

Interest income and other, net

Interest income and other, net primarily consists of interest earned on our cash equivalents and investments, which are invested in money market funds, commercial paper, corporate bonds, United States Treasuries, asset-backed securities, and international government securities.

Interest expense

Interest expense is attributable to our borrowings under debt agreements as well as the change in fair value of the compound derivative liability.

Loss on extinguishment of debt, net

Loss on extinguishment of debt, net consists of a loss on extinguishment of debt due to repayment of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and a gain on extinguishment of debt due to forgiveness of the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loan during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

Revenue

Total revenue increased $25.2 million, or 188%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Assay services revenue increased by $20.0 million, or 186%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily due to a $14.5 million increase in sample volumes and a $5.5 million increase related to higher-average price per sample as a result of the reintroduction of the fee-for-service model in 2020. The increase in volume and price per sample for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020 is partly due to a new contract with an existing customer for $9.7 million.

Product revenue decreased by less than $0.1 million, or 5%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily due to a reduction in the volume of kits sold.

Collaboration revenue increased by $0.6 million, or 59%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily due to the modification of our existing collaborative arrangement to develop a professional software tool to enable SomaScan® customers to easily access and interpret the highly multiplexed proteomic data generated by SomaLogic’s SomaScan® assay technology in March 2020. SomaLogic and NEC modified the collaboration agreement by entering into a new collaborative arrangement with NES in March 2020 to develop and commercialize SomaScan® services in Japan.

Other revenue increased by $4.7 million, or 466%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020, primarily due to a $4.1 million increase in royalty income related to an exclusive license to provide specific SOMAmers® in certain current and future products and a $0.6 million increase related to new grant revenue arrangements.

Cost of revenue

Total cost of revenue increased $6.8 million, or 91%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Cost of assay services revenue increased by $6.7 million, or 94%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in cost of assay services revenue was primarily due to an increase in manufacturing costs as a result of volume increases, net of production efficiencies.

Cost of product revenue increased by less than $0.1 million, or 25%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily due to an increase in the cost of materials, partially offset by a reduction in the volume of kits sold.

Research and development

Research and development increased by $0.4 million, or 3%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in research and development was primarily due to a $0.2 million increase in wages and benefits due to increased headcount for our research and development team and a $0.2 million increase in stock-based compensation expense due to new option grants.

Selling, general, and administrative

Selling, general, and administrative increased $9.2 million, or 50%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase in selling, general and administrative was primarily due to a $5.7 million increase in advisory and management services incurred in relation to the Business Combination and other transactions, a $2.3 million increase in wages and benefits due to increased headcount for our commercial team, and a $1.1 million increase in stock-based compensation expense due to new option grants and option modifications.

Other (expense) income

Total other expenses decreased $5.0 million, or 63%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Interest income and other, net decreased by less than $0.1 million, or 43%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily due to lower interest rates on investments.

Interest expense decreased $6.7 million, or 83%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to a $4.8 million change in the fair value of the compound derivative liability in the six months ended June 30, 2020. In April 2021, the Company repaid the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement in full and the fair value of the compound derivative liability was included in the net carrying amount of the debt used to determine the loss on debt extinguishment.

Loss on extinguishment of debt, net of $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 is due to a $5.2 million loss on extinguishment of debt as a result of the repayment of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement in April 2021, offset by a $3.6 million gain on extinguishment of debt as of result of the forgiveness of the PPP loan in June 2021.

Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2020 to Year Ended December 31, 2019

Revenue

Total revenue increased $23.7 million, or 74%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.

Assay services revenue increased by $18.9 million, or 70%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of a $13.0 million increase for one customer due to a full year in 2020 versus one quarter in 2019 and $5.9 million increase due to higher sample volumes driven by a two-fold rise in our customer base primarily related to the reintroduction of the fee-for-service model in 2020.

Product revenue decreased by $1.6 million, or 46%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 due to a reduction of 50% in kits customer base resulting in lower volume of kits sold.

Collaboration revenue increased by $1.7 million, or 219%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of the modification of our existing collaborative arrangement to develop, market and sell SomaScan® technology and NEC’s IT package in March 2020. SomaLogic and NEC modified the collaboration agreement by entering into a new collaborative arrangement with NES in March 2020 to develop and commercialize SomaScan® services in Japan (see Note 2 and 3 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for additional details).

Other revenue increased by $4.7 million, or 471%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily as a result of a $4.3 million increase in royalty income related to an exclusive license to provide specific SOMAmers® in certain current and future products and $0.4 million increase related to new grant revenue arrangements.

Cost of revenue

Total cost of revenue increased $4.4 million, or 24%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.

Cost of assay services revenue increased by $5.1 million, or 30%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase in cost of assay services revenue was primarily related to an $8.3 million increase in raw materials and manufacturing costs as a result of sample volume increases offset by a $2.5 million decrease in excess and obsolete inventory expense and a $0.7 million decrease in royalty and other expense due to the modification of the NEC collaborative arrangement in March 2020. The decline in excess and obsolete inventory expense resulted from sales volume growth, higher raw material usage, and a stronger outlook on future demands and product life cycles in 2020 compared to 2019.

Cost of product revenue decreased $0.7 million, or 48%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 due to lower volume of kits sold.

Research and development

Research and development decreased by $1.8 million, or 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in research and development primarily related to a $1.7 million decrease from efforts to reduce spend and contain cost due to impacts of COVID-19 and $1.6 million decrease due to less internal clinical research activities, offset by a $1.5 million increase in stock compensation expense due to new stock option grants and option modifications.

Selling, general, and administrative

The increase in selling, general and administrative of $3.1 million, or 9%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to a $1.2 million increase in wages and benefits due to increased headcount for our commercial team, a $1.1 million increase primarily due to higher professional services legal costs, a $0.7 million increase in stock compensation expense primarily due to repricing, option modifications, new options grants, a $0.7 million increase related to new software licenses and increased online marketing expenses, and a $0.3 million increase for early lease termination penalty for our headquarters. These increases were offset by a $0.9 million decrease for a charitable pledge made in 2019 that did not recur in 2020.

Other (expense) income

Total other expenses increased $14.0 million, or 298%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.

The decrease in interest income and other, net of $1.3 million, or 85%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was due to an average lower investment balance during 2020. The investments at December 31, 2019 matured in early 2020 and were not replaced until December of 2020 after the Series A Preferred Stock issuance.

The increase in interest expense of $12.6 million, or 203%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was due primarily to the change in the fair value of the compound derivative liability of $12.3 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2021, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and cash equivalents and investments of $158.2 million. We have financed our operations primarily through revenue collected from our customers, net proceeds from sale of our capital stock, and borrowings from debt facilities. Following the completion of the reverse recapitalization, we expect that our operating cash flows, in addition to cash on hand, will enable us to make investments in the future. We expect our operating cash flows to further improve as we increase operational efficiencies and experience economies of scale.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, investments and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to support working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our sample volume growth rate, the pace of expansion of sales and marketing activities, the timing and extent of spending to supporting research and development efforts, the introduction of new and enhanced products and services, and the level of costs to operate as a public company following the reverse recapitalization. We may, in the future, enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, products and technologies.

As of June 30, 2021, SomaLogic’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $47.1 million. On a pro forma basis, after giving effect to the consummation of the Business Combination and PIPE Investment, SomaLogic’s cash and cash equivalents would have amounted to approximately $582.7 million on June 30, 2021, net of $43.1 million transaction costs, $0.8 million redemptions by CMLS II stockholders, and $50.0 million cash elections by SomaLogic stockholders. We intend to use a portion of the net cash proceeds from the Business Combination and PIPE Investment for payment of certain transaction costs. The remaining net cash proceeds will be retained by the Company to help fund future strategic and capital needs.

Our borrowings from debt facilities were provided from three different sources. On April 9, 2021, the Company repaid the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement in full and the obligation was extinguished. In addition to the outstanding principal balance of $33.3 million as of that date, the Company also paid a prepayment penalty of approximately $4.0 million.

In April 2020, we received a loan in the aggregate amount of $3.5 million, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program, established pursuant to the recently enacted Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) and administered by the United States Small Business Administration. Under the terms of the CARES Act, we applied for and received forgiveness on June 21, 2021 for the full amount borrowed under the PPP loan, including less than $0.1 million of accrued interest, which was recognized as a gain on extinguishment of debt during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

As of June 30, 2021, we had $2.0 million in principal balance outstanding related to the unsecured convertible promissory note (“Convertible Debt”) that was issued in March 2007. The Convertible Debt has a fixed interest rate of 3.75% and matures on June 30, 2024. On July 9, 2021, the holder of the Convertible Debt converted the Convertible Debt into 682,070 shares of Class B common stock that resulted in an economic value equivalent to the issuance of preferred stock at the preferred stock conversion price indicated in the Convertible Debt note. As of the date hereof no debt obligations are outstanding.

We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. In the event the Company requires additional financing, we may not be able to raise such financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital or generate cash flows necessary to expand our operations and invest in continued innovation, we may not be able to compete successfully, which would harm our business, operations, and financial condition.

We also have entered into various non-cancelable operating lease agreements for our current headquarters and laboratory facilities in Boulder, Colorado. In September 2020, we agreed to terminate the lease agreement for our corporate headquarters effective June 2021 and our lease for additional office space expires in August 2021. In connection with the Lab Closure, we also terminated the laboratory lease in Oxford, United Kingdom with the lease term set to expire on December 31, 2021. As of June 30, 2021, we continued to use the space for storage of property and equipment. As of June 30, 2021, our total future minimum lease commitments were $5.6 million, of which $0.9 million is due during the remainder of 2021.

Cash flows

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2021, and 2020 (in thousands):

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $6.6 million, which was primarily attributable to a net loss of $22.8 million and was partially offset by a net increase in our operating assets and liabilities of $4.1 million, non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $8.0 million, non-cash loss on extinguishment of debt, net of $1.6 million, non-cash depreciation and amortization of $1.4 million, non-cash provision for excess and obsolete inventory of $0.4 million, and non-cash amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums of $0.3 million. The net increase in our operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to the $3.9 million decrease in accounts receivable and a $2.5 million increase in deferred revenue. These changes were partially offset by a $0.9 million decrease in accrued and other liabilities, the payment of paid-in-kind interest on extinguishment of debt of $0.8 million, and a $0.6 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets.

Cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $23.6 million, which was primarily attributable to a net loss of $36.6 million and a net decrease in our operating assets and liabilities of $1.6 million, which were partially offset by non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $6.7 million, non-cash change in fair value of the compound derivative liability of $4.8 million, non-cash depreciation and amortization of $1.4 million, non-cash amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts, and premiums of $1.3 million, and non-cash provision for excess and obsolete inventory of $0.4 million. The net decrease in our operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to the $2.3 million increase in accounts receivable and a $2.1 million increase in inventory. These changes were offset by a $1.8 million increase in accounts payable and a $1.0 million increase in deferred revenue.

Cash flows from investing activities

Cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $72.2 million, consisting of $71.2 million for the purchase of available-for-sale securities, net of proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities, and $1.0 million for the purchase of property and equipment, net of proceeds from the sale of property and equipment.

Cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $25.5 million, consisting of $26.0 million from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities, net of amounts related to purchases of available-for-sale securities, offset by $0.5 million for the purchase of property and equipment.

Cash flows from financing activities

Cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 was $38.5 million, consisting of the $36.5 million repayment of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and the payment of $4.7 million of deferred transaction costs related to the Business Combination, offset by $2.7 million in proceeds from the exercise of options to purchase our common stock.

Cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $8.8 million, consisting of $5.0 million in proceeds related to the Simple Agreement for Future Equity (“SAFE”), $3.5 million in proceeds from the PPP loan, and $0.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of options to purchase our common stock.

Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2020 to Year Ended December 31, 2019

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2019 (in thousands):

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $28.3 million, which was primarily attributable to a net loss of $53.0 million and a net change in our operating assets and liabilities of $8.7 million, which were partially offset by non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $15.2 million, change in fair value

BUSINESS

Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “SomaLogic,” the “Company,” the “Registrant,” “we,” “us” and “our” in this prospectus refer to SomaLogic, Inc., the parent entity formerly named CM Life Sciences II Inc., after giving effect to the Business Combination, and as renamed SomaLogic, Inc., and where appropriate, our wholly-owned subsidiaries (including Old SomaLogic).

Company Overview

Our Mission

Our mission is to unlock the latent power of proteomics in order to facilitate a more complete understanding of human biology and contribute to the relief of suffering and the extension of healthy, meaningful life.

We believe we are only now traversing the early stages of the proteomics movement and that SomaLogic is at the forefront of such movement. We predict the new tools and insights generated in the field of proteomics will ultimately have more impact across the life sciences sector and produce more research and clinical benefit than genomics. We have spent the last 20 years developing our proprietary proteomics platform, solidifying commercial relationships and building what we view as one of the largest and most comprehensive proteomics databases in the world. Our goal is to establish our integrated technology as the universal proteomics platform: enabling potentially extraordinary biomedical discovery and opening the door to precision medicine through transformed diagnostics, population management and individual care.

Overview

SomaLogic is a leading commercial-stage proteomics company. We have built an integrated proteomics platform that, according to our internal models and testing specifications, is capable of robust, high throughput proteomics analysis with broad proteome coverage, low limits of detection, high reproducibility and at low costs. We designed our platform with the goal of being a universal proteomics platform, with the breadth (number of proteins measured) and precision (accuracy of measurement) important for discovery and research applications, and both the reproducibility and robustness important for clinical applications. Our platform is underpinned by our proprietary assay technology, our protein database (which we believe is one of the largest proteomics databases worldwide), and artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities. As of June 30, 2021, our assay can measure approximately 7,000 protein target measurements in a single sample using only approximately 55 µL of plasma or serum. Our proteomics database matches proteomics and clinical information and contains over 1.5 billion protein measurements with over 675,000 participant-years of clinical follow-up. Leveraging our artificial intelligence-enabled bioinformatics capability, we use our database to power diagnostic product development for our research and clinical customers. We currently run our platform within our own laboratory, receive samples from customers and perform proteomics analysis on their behalf. We are also developing an integrated solution comprising kits and select equipment that would enable customers to perform our proteomics assay at their own sites and leverage our bioinformatics capabilities through the cloud to analyze the data. We have served over 300 customers and collaborators with our proteomics technology since 2015. Our current partnerships include Novartis, Amgen, and others, and our proteomics assay is used in laboratories both at the FDA and the National Institute of Health.

Although the genomics revolution has led to a large number of biological insights, we believe the value of proteomics remains largely untapped as only a small portion of the human proteome is routinely identified and measured by others. Unlike the genome, which is essentially static, the proteome is dynamic within an organism and is a product of the genetic blueprint and environmental influences. The ability to measure accurately a large number of proteins and their interactions within biological systems enables researchers to capture a more complete snapshot of the dynamic state of a cell, tissue or organism. However, this has remained a challenge for the life sciences industry. Although proteomics technologies have advanced over the past several years, there are currently few commercially available methodologies for broad, large-scale protein measurement and each have their own limitations. This is largely due to inherent difficulties in measuring proteins. For example, proteins have unstable and variable chemical structures and their presence in blood or plasma can span a large dynamic range. Traditional methodologies have included mass spectrometry and antibody-based approaches, whereas the former has limitations with detecting proteins at low abundance, and the latter with the number of proteins that can be detected at once. We believe there is a widely accepted set of technology attributes required to broaden the utility of proteomics technologies, including, but not

limited to, breadth (“plex,” or number of proteins measured), depth (or lower limits of detection), dynamic range, precision, throughput, ability to measure proteins in their native state, and processing bias. We believe our platform possesses each of these attributes, and as a result is capable of unlocking key biological insights that can ultimately improve and augment life science discovery, health care provider (individual and systems of care) productivity, and ultimately — individual health.

Our proprietary platform is built upon our assay technology, our proprietary database (which we believe is one of the world’s largest proteomics databases), and artificial intelligence and machine learning bioinformatics capabilities. We believe these technologies fit and work together seamlessly to enable our growing product offering, and the collection of more data to support product development. Our foundational assay technology includes our library of modified aptamer protein identification reagents, referred to as “SOMAmer® reagents,” and our SomaScan® assay. Our SOMAmer® reagents are proprietary “slow off-rate modified aptamers” which are short, synthetic single stranded DNA (ssDNA) sequences developed to bind specific protein targets with high affinity and specificity across the proteome. As of June 30, 2021, we have reagents targeting approximately 7,000 protein target measurements of the approximately 20,000 canonical human proteins included in our current SomaScan® assay, and plan to increase this number to approximately 10,000 in the next 24 months. We believe our foundational SomaScan® assay exhibits one of the industry’s leading technical specifications for identification and measurement, with a dynamic range of approximately 10 logs, a median coefficient of variation of approximately 5%, and high sensitivity and specificity. We have been able to increase the number of identified protein target measurements from less than 500 proteins over a decade ago to approximately 7,000 as of June 30, 2021, while also improving our platform’s technical performance. We predict this will continue to be the case as we increase the number of proteins measured in the future. This ability to precisely measure thousands of proteins in life sciences research or clinical samples enriches the biological and clinical insights derived from our database. To facilitate mining these insights, we have developed a unique proteomics bioinformatics platform during the past decade by virtue of analyzing high-plex proteomic data for over 450,000 cumulative SomaScan® assay runs which have been included in our database. Our models derived from artificial intelligence and machine learning can correlate patterns of protein expression to a current health state or future risk of disease and allow the platform to continuously evolve as we run more samples. SomaScan® is available as a Laboratory-Developed Test (“LDT”) in the United States.

Our business model is currently focused on research and clinical customers. We believe our platform has broad application beyond our current commercial offering and we continue to work with collaborators to explore new areas of application for research and clinical proteomics.

Our assay services delivered to the research market is focused on pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and academic research institutions. We facilitate drug development, analysis of clinical trials and new human biology insights by assessing protein-protein and protein-gene networks. According to research published in Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, approximately 90% of current FDA-approved drugs and drugs in development target a protein, which highlights the importance of proteomics and its ability to provide customers with actionable biological insights that can accelerate development and patient care. In addition to providing protein data for research customer use, as of June 30, 2021 we have released 16 SomaSignal™ research use only (RUO) protein-pattern recognition tests covering multiple applications, including facilitation of clinical trials (patient inclusion/exclusion, therapeutic effects of pharmaceuticals during trials, and other use cases).

Our services and products delivered into the clinical market is focused on providing data-driven diagnostic tests aimed at enabling high predictive power of biological disease and risks to patients based on high-plex proteomic measurement and bioinformatics predictive model development. We have released 12 SomaSignal™ tests for use as laboratory developed tests under our CLIA certification since late 2019. We also have a pipeline of over 100 unique tests and use claims targeting multiple applications, including offerings for health and wellness, preventative medical and disease management for pharmaceutical companies, health system providers and payors. Our SomaSignal™ tests provide several advantages that we believe will help to sustain our company as one of the leaders in the emerging high-plex clinical proteomics space. These advantages include more accurate tests for risk prediction and the breadth of protein measurement vs. selected biomarkers. We also run the same broad assay for each sample, and therefore offer all relevant tests as well as capture a broad dataset for each sample. We have developed a number of United States health system partnerships in which we are studying use cases and benefits for SomaSignal™ tests for patient populations, and should facilitate development of our clinical opportunity.

We believe proteomics represents one of the largest untapped opportunities in the life sciences industry today. Our platform has the ability to address a host of exciting opportunities across several proteomics markets, including basic

research and discovery, translational research, biopharmaceutical development, and clinical diagnostic applications. According to Grand View Research, the global addressable market opportunity across these markets combined was valued at approximately $90 billion in 2020. According to Statista, the proteomics market focused on life sciences research applications is valued to be approximately $50 billion, consisting of approximately $30 billion for basic research and discovery, and approximately $20 billion for translational research and pharmaceutical development. In addition to life sciences research, we believe we are also uniquely positioned to capture a significant part of the clinical diagnostics market, which is valued at approximately $40 billion. Over the longer term, we expect to also target direct-to-consumer market applications. As was witnessed during the evolution of genomics enablement and applications development, we expect proteomics markets to grow substantially over time. We believe our platform is positioned to enable new applications and create new markets, which will further increase our total addressable market in future years.

We generated over $38 million of revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and over $55 million of revenue in 2020, almost entirely from our research market. Our cash and cash equivalents balance as of June 30, 2021 is $47 million. On a pro forma basis, after giving effect to the consummation of the Business Combination and PIPE Investment, our cash and cash equivalents balance would have amounted to approximately $583 million as of June 30, 2021.

Proteomics and Existing Technologies

Background

We believe the value of proteomics remains largely untapped. Over the past decade, the genomics revolution has led to an acceleration of biological insights arising from the development and incorporation of large-scale, high-throughput molecular profiling techniques into research and clinical medicine. Although the knowledge of biological systems from the standpoint of both genomics and transcriptomics has led to significant scientific advancements and biological discoveries, we believe the critical impact of protein function on biology remains largely unexplored due to several inherent difficulties in proteomics that do not exist in genomics and slow the technological progress to fully interrogate the proteome, such as the unique characteristics of each protein, including shapes, sizes (20,000 different structures versus the fairly simple structure of nucleic acid), half-lives, and myriad locations throughout the human body in organs, tissues and cells (versus the content localization of nucleic acid in the nuclei of cells and in mitochondria). Therefore, unlike DNA, proteins can have unstable and variable chemical structures, and their presence in various biologic matrix samples can span an exceptionally large dynamic range. This can make proteins difficult to detect and identify, especially at low concentrations. We believe that to extract the multidimensional networks of biological information encoded in proteins, researchers generally have to be able to measure many proteins at scale, over a very wide dynamic range, and with a high degree of precision (we believe to suggest otherwise would require one assume the 20,000 known protein-encoding genes selected by millions of years of human evolution are not all important to understanding human biology). In addition, we view robust and reproducible analysis as a requirement to drive adoption in the clinical setting. Although there are several approaches widely practiced today that can identify and measure of a large number of proteins, the ability to capture a sufficiently broad number of proteins with high accuracy and repeatability, in order to capture a more comprehensive picture of the dynamic state of a cell, tissue or organism has largely been an ongoing, difficult challenge for the life sciences industry.

Key limitations of current proteomics technologies

We believe there are currently few widely practiced methodologies for broad interrogation of the proteome, and each can have their own specific set of limitations. The key methodologies today include mass spectrometry and antibody-based approaches. Protein sequencing and counting technologies have also been recent innovations in the field, but generally have not been applied commercially at scale.

•        Mass spectrometry:    Mass spectrometry is most often used to identify and measure peptides and proteins, including posttranslational modifications detectable through changes in mass. Mass spectrometry workflows are generally complex and time consuming, and can invariably include enzymatic fragmentation of proteins, such that it is not known whether a measured protein was intact in the sample. Mass spectrometry can also experience difficulties in detecting proteins at low abundance within samples. Sample pre-processing workflows, such as those using antibody columns to deplete abundant proteins or

other protein-binding enrichment techniques, attempt to overcome some of these issues, but we believe these approaches can add sample processing biases, increase variation and disrupt normal physiologic interactions between proteins. The inherent complexity of protein samples can often lead to difficulties with data interpretation, and the dynamic range may harm linear quantification for low abundance signals.

•        Antibody-based proteomic approaches:    There are many widely practiced proteomics approaches based on the use of antibodies designed to target specific proteins. However, each approach can have its own set of limitations. For example, immunoassays and common tests that use antibodies are very sensitive, but these tests can be limited by plex-size, usually targeting less than approximately 30 to 50 proteins in a single sample. Higher multiplex antibody-based proteomic approaches can enable high-throughput, multiplex protein expression analysis and are often used to address the generally limited capabilities of mass spectrometry to navigate complex samples. However, these approaches typically require running a series of small plex-size samples, which may increase assay complexity and cost. Additionally, the per-reagent cost can be high.

•        Protein sequencing and counting approaches:    Several approaches have recently demonstrated the ability to detect proteins in a sample by determining their unique sequences, generally through successive cycles of controlled degradation coupled with detection of the terminal amino acids. Such approaches are broadly akin to Next Generation Sequencing (“NGS”) of nucleic acids in which DNA molecules of a certain sequence are quantified by counting. The development of these approaches is at the technology proof-of-principle stage. As with mass spectrometry approaches, any information about the native state of the proteins is by necessity lost during the sample processing steps of such sequencing and counting approaches.

We believe there is a widely accepted set of attributes which can reliably predict the effectiveness of proteomics technologies, but that widely practiced methods are generally limited with regards to providing all of these attributes. We aim to address such limitations with our platform, which includes the following attributes:

•        Breadth, or number of proteins measured:    Current quantitative proteomics methods usually only monitor a relatively small proportion of the proteome. The human genome consists of approximately 20,000 protein-coding genes which can give rise to millions of protein variants. However, widely practiced mass spectrometry techniques can only enable routine observation of, approximately 2,000 to 3,000 proteins in cells with a maximum of approximately 5,000, and significantly less in plasma due to challenges from the dynamic range. Antibody-based methods can generally be even more limited, with breadth being severely constrained due to non-specific interactions.

•        Depth, or lower limits of detection:    Given many important human proteins are present in plasma at very low concentrations, often in the sub-picomolar range, we believe the minimal level of detection, or depth, is a key factor for evaluating proteomic techniques. Existing proteomic techniques can often face an inherent tradeoff between this metric of lower limit of detection and the breadth metric mentioned previously. Although mass spectrometry theoretically has breadth of measurement, many proteins of interest can remain below the mass spectrometry limit of detection, even with significant plasma fractionation and abundant protein depletion approaches to improve the metric. While most antibody-based techniques can achieve adequate lower limit of detection to be able to measure less abundant proteins, we believe they are lacking in breadth of measurement. Depth is generally nonexistent for protein sequencing techniques.

•        Dynamic range:    The range of protein concentrations in a typical biological sample such as plasma or serum can be exceptionally wide and span approximately ten orders or greater of magnitude (from picogram/mL to 50 mg/mL), creating what can be a major technology challenge for protein identification across the full range. Most existing proteomics technologies can only readily analyze proteins within approximately three to four orders of magnitude, and mostly at what is generally recognized as the higher concentration end of the spectrum. Also, highly abundant proteins can often be removed to enable a more detailed analysis of less abundant proteins; however, this may result in partial loss of some potentially important biomarkers that happen to be bound to highly abundant carrier proteins. We believe it is important for technologies to span the entire expression range in plasma or serum, since many new disease protein biomarkers and peptides may be present only at low concentrations, but can have a significant impact on biology.

•        Precision:    Precision is a measure of repeatability and indicates how well the same result can be reproduced when a single sample is tested several times. Precision is typically measured by the coefficient of variation, which is calculated by dividing the standard deviation of repeat measurements by the mean. We believe a lower coefficient of variation is key to measuring the proteome. However, current proteomics technologies can typically yield higher coefficients of variation of approximately 5% to 20% for proximity ligation assays for antibodies, and 10% to 20% for mass spectrometry. Theoretically, this means small physiologic or disease related changes in protein levels, which can often be less than around 20%, cannot be reliably tested in individuals, and clinical studies needed to estimate such effects will require larger numbers of participants.

•        Throughput:    We believe throughput is an important factor for evaluating the success of proteomics approaches. Current widely adopted mass spectrometry workflows can remain complex and time consuming. They require skilled professionals to prepare samples and operate instruments, which can limit accessibility. Mass spectrometry typically involves a liquid chromatography and other sample processing steps to remove non-volatile salts, buffer components and highly abundant proteins, which can limit the throughput. These challenges can prevent the large-scale analysis we believe is needed to enable protein pattern recognition. Because of the limits of multiplexing antibody-based assays to approximately 30 to 50 analytes, large-scale multiplexing (e.g., approximately in the thousands of analytes) generally requires serial measurements, which can be inherently more costly and difficult to scale.

•        Ability to measure proteins in their native state:    We believe measuring proteins in their native state is critical to understanding how their structure maps to function. In addition, proteins exert their biological effects by operating in complex interacting networks that require maintenance of the native state, in most cases through shape recognition. Consequently, disrupting the native state can invariably lead to the loss of important biological information. Although native state mass spectrometry techniques exist, they can often provide low-resolution structural information and have constraints on sample purity and homogeneity. Antibody based approaches can sometime recognize native confirmations of proteins, but other times, they may only recognize linear sequences in proteins that do not require the maintenance of the native state. Protein measurements that rely on sequencing/counting methods also do not include any information about the native state of the proteins.

•        Processing Bias:    We view any technique that can preferentially deplete specific groups of proteins such as albumin or immunoglobulins, which interact with potentially hundreds of other proteins, or techniques which selectively bind groups of proteins based on their idiosyncratic chemical properties, can inherently and systematically bias what is measured after processing. Although these approaches can be useful in overcoming some technical issues, it is our view that they inherently distort the proteomic observations by introducing a processing bias that perturbs the physiologic interactions among proteins occurring naturally within the sample.

Our Technology

We have built an integrated proteomics platform to be capable of robust, high throughput proteomics analysis with broad proteome coverage, low limits of detection and at low costs. We designed our platform with the goal of being a universal proteomics platform that can be used across the life sciences industry, with the breadth (or number of proteins measured) and precision important for discovery and research applications, and the robustness and reproducibility important for clinical applications. Our platform includes a growing library of SOMAmer® reagents, our SomaScan® assay, our proteomics database (we believe to be one of the world’s largest clinical proteomics databases), and protein bioinformatics and artificial intelligence and machine learning analytics capabilities. These components fit and work together in a seamless fashion and enable our growing product offering. We currently run our platform within our own laboratory, receiving samples from customers and performing proteomics analyses on their behalf. We are also developing an integrated solution comprising kits and select equipment that would enable customers to perform our proteomics assay at their own sites and leverage our bioinformatics capabilities through the cloud to analyze the data. Historically, we have deployed site-of-service SomaScan® kits and are now growing the number of these installations.

Figure: SomaLogic Platform and Business Structure

SOMAmer® Reagents: Novel Protein Identification and Measurement Reagents with a Number of Competitive Advantages

SOMAmers® are proprietary “slow off-rate modified aptamers” which we develop, modify and manufacture. We credit our founder with creating the field of aptamer science more than 30 years ago, and our research and development team with iteratively improving upon this field since that time with a focus on advancements in breadth (“plex,” or number of proteins measured), depth (or lower limits of detection), dynamic range, precision, throughput, native state protein identification, and processing bias. As of June 30, 2021, we currently have a library of SOMAmer® reagents against approximately 7,000 protein target measurements of the approximately 20,000 known canonical proteins encoded in the human genome. For each protein, we typically have a collection of approximately hundreds to thousands of proprietary “monoclonal” SOMAmer® reagents (i.e., our reagents with unique and defined sequences) from which we select and place one, or in some cases several, reagents on our SomaScan® assay. Any follow-up studies, which can often be of interest to many of our customers and partners, are facilitated with these collections of reagents, which is uniquely possible with our technology. We plan to increase the number of protein reagents for which we have a SOMAmer® reagent available in our SomaScan® assay to approximately 10,000 in the next 24 months. Because of the design of our SOMAmers®, we believe there is no upper limit to the number or types, of alternatively spliced or modified proteins (in addition to the canonical 20,000) accessible to our proteomic technology, and we view purified proteins as having become broadly available from multiple sources through improvements in recombinant protein expression techniques. Synthetic biology approaches are generally also capable of creating any purified protein for which we can then develop SOMAmers® for use in the SomaScan® assay.

Our SOMAmer® reagents are typically short (e.g., approximately 20-50`mer) synthetic ssDNA sequences developed to bind specific protein targets through a process called Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (“SELEX”), which optimizes their ability to bind with high affinity and specificity across the wide and diverse dynamic range of the proteome. SOMAmer® reagents bind to targets as three-dimensional shapes selected on the basis of their ability to recognize unique conformational epitopes on native proteins through shape complementarity. The power of the SELEX process comes from the intrinsic propensity of ssDNA to fold into unique three-dimensional shapes in solution. This means a large collection of ssDNA molecules represents a large collection of shapes. SOMAmer® reagents, which include protein-like functional groups added to the 5-position of deoxyuridine residues of each reagent, bind to proteins with significantly higher affinity and specificity as compared to conventional unmodified aptamers, and identify functionally-active proteins in their native state rather than linearized epitopes (as many antibody based approaches do), or possible fragments of protein (as mass spectrometry, protein fingerprinting and “sequencing” technologies do). SomaLogic holds patents on both the chemical composition of modified nucleotides and the use of

these modified nucleotides in the SELEX process, both of which are essential for the creation of SOMAmer® reagents. Others have tried to develop workaround methods to our patents to create modified aptamers, but we believe that the scale of proteome coverage and/or the performance of our SOMAmer® reagents remains unmatched.

The SomaScan® assay: A Market-Validated Platform with Market-Leading Technical Specifications

Our patent-protected SomaScan® technology at its core uses approximately thousands of specific SOMAmer® reagents (each created with the SELEX process to a specific protein target) in a highly multiplexed assay that serves as the same foundational assay used across all our business lines and test offerings. We believe an important attribute of SomaScan® technology is its potential for increased breadth (i.e., “plex” or number of proteins measured), which has grown from about a few hundred to approximately 7,000 protein target measurements as of June 30, 2021, with improved technical performance. We aim to continue maintaining the assay performance as we grow our multiplex size further. The SomaScan® assay essentially obtains a DNA readout (since each SOMAmer® reagent has a unique DNA sequence) of the protein concentrations present in a sample, through a series of binding, capture, and washing steps, converting the protein profile into a corresponding DNA profile, which we consider easily quantified using a DNA microarray. Although the current readout for the assay is array-based, SomaScan® can also be read out using NGS techniques, and we have demonstrated feasibility for measuring both the entire SomaScan® content in this way, as well as combinations of reagents for the use of high-plex proteomic diagnostic SomaSignal™ tests. Due to the fact SOMAmers® are DNA-based reagents, we consider the use of NGS to be simpler than techniques using DNA barcodes linked to antibodies or similar techniques.

Our assay is one of the industry’s leading technical specifications for protein identification and measurement, with a dynamic range of approximately 10 logs, a median coefficient of variation of approximately 5%, sensitivity equivalent to some of the best antibody sandwich-based assays (femtomolar range), and specificity verified on pull-down experiments that mimic conditions of our assay and other techniques, even at high protein multiplicity. We believe several factors contribute to the high specificity of protein measurement in our SomaScan® assay. Aside from the intrinsic specificity of SOMAmer® reagents, which is based on shape complementarity to epitopes on native proteins, we try to take advantage of the off-rate differential between specific and non-specific interactions to provide an additional enhancement in specificity. We credit the ability to take better advantage of this off-rate differential compared to protein-based affinity reagents such as antibodies, because all SOMAmers® (and all aptamers) are polyanions, since they have polyanionic phosphodiester backbones (proteins, in contrast, have neutral polypeptide backbone). This means we can use other polyanions as competitors (for example, dextran sulfate) in our assay to dramatically minimize re-formation of non-specific protein-SOMAmer® complexes after they have fallen apart. In our view, no such generic competitors that can disrupt non-specific interactions of protein-based affinity reagents, like antibodies, exist. Additional enhancement in specificity in our SomaScan® assay comes from the use of two separate bead capture steps (that is, sequential capture of protein-SOMAmer® complexes first through the SOMAmer® reagent, and then through the protein). We consider this feature to be especially important for minimizing non-specific interactions of proteins that can bind to polyanionic surfaces with high avidity, or concurrent occupancy of multiple sites on a surface.

To evaluate approximately 7,000 protein target measurements in a single sample, only about 55 µL of plasma or serum is necessary, and SomaScan® can be run on other biological samples and matrices (e.g., cerebro-spinal fluid (“CSF”), tissue lysates, breast milk, cell cultures, etc.). SomaScan® assay can also be used on non-human samples since many human and non-human proteins are sufficiently similar and allow recognition of a large proportion (although not all) of non-human proteins. We have validated urine as a matrix that works for most analytes and diagnostic test models as well, and this could have importance in the future if a direct to consumer offering is contemplated.

The SomaLogic Proteomics Database: One of the World’s Largest Proteomics Databases

We believe we have developed one of the world’s largest customized proteomic database and are in the process of establishing the infrastructure of products and services for our customers to access and benefit from this database. As of June 30, 2021, our database contains greater than 1.5 billion protein measurements across more than 450,000 people with over 675,000 participant-years of clinical follow-up. Approximately 80% of samples we have run that have contributed to our database have been run on high-plex SomaLogic assays (approximately 5,000 or more proteins identified) as we have grown our protein count over time (approximately 7,000 or more protein target measurements).

We developed our database with a deliberate, dedicated effort over several years through data obtained from a myriad of sources, including research collaborations, self-funded data collection projects, health systems, clinical trials and annotated biobanks (several of which have not allowed others access to their samples) in order to reflect multi-dimensional human biology and a multi-environmental knowledge platform. As we continue to develop clinical relationships and access more biobanks with funding, we predict our database will continue to grow at a rapid pace over the next several years. As we expand our database, we are simultaneously developing products and services for our customers to use and leverage our unique and massive data asset through our artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities in order to achieve enhanced and potentially earlier access to therapeutic options, and more effective tests.

We also expect to expand our offering in the future through additional products and services, including providing proteomic clinical decision support tools, and selling biological insights and analysis derived from the database.

Protein Bioinformatics and Analytics Capabilities: Ability to Interpret Protein Data and Develop Follow-On Clinical Products

We believe that the integration of proprietary protein bioinformatics and analytical capabilities is among the differentiating aspects of our platform. We have been analyzing high-plex proteomic data for well over a decade, executing over 450,000 cumulative assay runs and generating over 1.5 billion protein measurements — which has allowed us to develop our bioinformatics capabilities. We have also invested to build our team, knowledge, tools and capabilities, which we believe will allow us to provide operational bioinformatic support for customers in basic research and discovery, as well as to create robust and generalized clinical diagnostic models.

We have established a robust data processing pipeline that we believe results in accurate and highly reproducible proteomic data with low coefficients of variation, enabling data comparability and warehousing across multiple runs and clinical studies. Our artificial intelligence and machine learning models correlate to patterns of protein expression to a specific health state (condition) or disease. Our proteins chosen for each model (typically between 20 and 200, in total) are chosen objectively by our in-house artificial intelligence and machine learning model, as opposed to being selected from existing scientific literature or using correlations identifiable by humans like traditional protein-based diagnostic methods.

We are focused on continuing to leverage our extensive SomaScan® data set to develop SomaSignal™ tests, with application in a myriad of clinical areas we predict will ultimately replace more invasive, more expensive and less convenient, and less powerful alternative diagnostic approaches. Notably, all SomaSignal™ tests can be run from one sample, as they represent algorithms derived from one data source. Theoretically, this will enable proteomics analysis and tests which are repeatable. We consider this to be important because it may enable effective measurement of protein change over time. We are also focused on developing advanced detection methods to mitigate the effects of preanalytical variability — which in our view will be crucial for creating a scaled clinical diagnostics platform. In addition, we have developed methods for generating proteomic data on various sample types (e.g., serum, plasma, urine and tissues) and are also conducting initial work into SomaScan® derived protein pathways and proteomic encodings using our proprietary protein knowledge base.

Our bioinformatics teams, which include applied modeling, production and advanced research groups, are critical to our success. Importantly, our bioinformatics efforts are fully integrated with our clinical, software, research and commercial teams, which enables seamless coordination internally, and externally with third parties.

SomaSignal™ tests: Data driven diagnostic products with high predictive power

In our view, SomaSignal™ tests are innovative diagnostic products that use artificial intelligence and machine learning and high-plex proteomics to create protein expression pattern models that cannot only contribute to diagnosing diseases in the present, but also real-time body morphology and conditions (e.g., body fat, lean body mass, cardiopulmonary fitness (i.e., “VO2max”), whereas genomics cannot. These tests leverage data analytics capabilities to predict a variety of biological scenarios, while accounting for changes in the proteome over time, and assess their respective risks, all through an efficient and cost-effective manner. In addition, we believe these tests have the unique ability to predict future biologic and medical risk and to “see” these risks when traditional diagnostics may

not in individuals thought to be at no risk as well as those thought to be optimally medical managed. We perform retrospective virtual clinical trials to validate these tests (using known samples and blinded samples from patients), and some of our tests have been run and validated by clinical consortia around the world in addition to our development cohorts (e.g., NASH Liver Investigation: Testing Marker Utility in Steatohepatitis (LITMUS) consortium funded by the European Innovative Medicines Initiative, and Heart Failure (multiple international consortia)).

Notably, SomaSignal™ tests are derived from the dynamic proteome, and unlike genomic tests, these tests are sensitive to changes such as, among other things, treatment effects, and increasing or decreasing biologic risk, All tests can be run from one sample, such that we only incur costs for the first one, and all others are simply algorithms. This means multiple different tests which can be particularly relevant to evaluating patient’s condition can be delivered together. The SomaSignal™ test development process is focused on identifying an agnostic selection of the optimal combination of protein measurements with the greatest signal to noise ratio. In this context, typically between approximately 20 to 200 proteins are chosen by our artificial intelligence and machine learning approach as indicative or predictive, and many of them that can end up in the reproducible models may not currently have known associations with the condition or disease. Models can be fully quantitative (e.g., likelihood of a cardiovascular event within 4 years, kg of visceral fat, etc.) and do not require any knowledge of protein biology to interpret.

Our Offerings

We are using our platform to target research and clinical applications. Our offerings focused on research are for basic research and discovery, as well as translational research and biopharmaceutical development applications. We also have an emerging clinical diagnostics business, through which we expect to establish several large United States health systems relationships in 2021. Over time, we believe we will also have an opportunity to develop, create and sell direct-to-consumer products.

SomaLogic Research

We have an established revenue stream from the research market, which as of June 30, 2021 consists primarily of a service model whereby we receive samples (including, from pharmaceutical, biotechnology or academic clients), perform the SomaScan® assay, and subsequently use bioinformatics and analytics to further refine the collected data and deliver this back to the customer.

Our research services have use cases for high-plex protein measurement and identification that we believe both encompass and extend beyond those of lower-plex offerings. Pharmaceutical and academic investigators often use high-plex protein data to facilitate drug development, clinical trial analyses and to better understand human biology through identifying protein-protein and protein-gene networks using high plex proteomics analysis. Unique to high-plex measurement (which is in the thousands rather than hundreds) is the ability to find more protein quantitative trait loci (i.e., “pQTLs,” sometimes referred to as protein single-nucleotide polymorphisms (i.e., “pSNPs”) associated with genetic variants in and around the gene (i.e., “cis-pQTLs”) and can potentially lead to an understanding of how genetic abnormalities effect protein biology and therefore potential druggable targets. Likewise, we view the ability to find trans effects — whereby proteins that are potential drug targets are not the products of altered genes, but rather proteins downstream of that biology — has improved exponentially with our approach, as we should be able to measure almost half of the canonical proteome. We believe the SomaScan® platform has been leveraged to publish the greatest number of previously unreported/novel cis and trans pQTLs, all of which potentially expand the understanding of human biology, and some which could provide insights to new therapeutic protein targets. In our opinion, these use cases represent a potentially vast opportunity for revenue growth since roughly 90% of current FDA-approved and in development drugs target a protein, and thus the pharmaceutical industry is actively investing in the procurement of full-genome sequenced sample sets and tools that can provide actionable insights for drug targeting.

We generated over $38 million in revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and over $55 million in revenue in 2020, and since 2015, we have served over 300 pharmaceutical and research customers and collaborators. We originally established a marquee ten-year enterprise partnership deal with Novartis in 2011, for which they utilized our proprietary platform for drug development. We signed a 10-year contract with Novartis in late 2019 which includes annual minimum commitments of between 60,000 samples in 2021 to 75,000 or more samples by 2023, which we believe supports long-term revenue visibility and further validates our core platform. We signed a deal with Amgen

in October 2020 worth roughly $24 million in revenue through 2021 so far. A two-year deal with Bristol Myers Squibb was signed in early 2021, which will provide approximately $12 million in revenue through 2022. We will be deploying assay kits in 2021 to site of service users, as well as a small plex offering, to provide incremental revenues to the biopharmaceutical and research market, and to facilitate clinical deployment of SomaSignal™ tests.

SomaLogic Research Product Features and Competitive Advantages

We believe the characteristics of our SomaScan® discovery product make us one of the leaders in the research market. In our opinion, these characteristics as summarized below cannot be matched by other existing technologies, which include:

•        approximately 7,000 protein target measurements as of June 30, 2021, with planned development of reaching approximately 10,000 in the next 24 months;

•        specificity, based on shape complementary to protein native state;

•        sensitivity, with a median of the approximately 7,000-plex is about 125 fM;

•        coefficients of variation, with the median of the approximately 7,000-plex at about 5%;

•        the widest dynamic range in plasma, at approximately 10 logs;

•        sample size requirements of only about 55 µL, from which one can get both the approximately 7,000-plex protein readout as well as any or all of our growing suite of SomaSignal™ tests; and

•        throughput, currently at approximately 13,000 SomaScan® assays/month, and potential to be scaled to even higher numbers.

Although the unmatched coverage of the proteome facilitates the study of thousands of proteins inaccessible at scale using other techniques, the specificity and precision of the SomaScan® assay means researchers can possibly discern subtle effects earlier and with greater certainty. Use of SomaScan® therefore can reduce the number of samples needed, and the time to gain insights into experimental systems. These savings in cost and time are compounded as companies seek to reduce costs and seize market opportunities by shortening all phases of research and development, from biomarker discovery to clinical trials and beyond. The otherwise unobtainable insights afforded by the SomaScan® assay and SomaSignal™ tests may offer further supplemental value, for example by revealing potential unexpected indications or better segmenting patient populations.

SomaLogic® Research Offering and Applications

Our research offering includes our reagents, assay and tests:

SOMAmer® Reagents.    In addition to follow-up studies related to our SomaScan® assay, our individual SOMAmer® reagents can be leveraged in a broad range of technical applications, including, but not limited to, sandwich assays, histology, mass spectrometry sample preparation, pull-down, SDS-PAGE, and protein-specific inhibitors. In addition, these reagents can be used in a large range of other industries where affinity-based purification is required, including, but not limited to, industrial chemical purification, therapeutics, food and beverage. As such, customers have licensed our reagents and the SELEX technology in three ways: (i) individual reagents that have been developed by SomaLogic, (ii) custom reagents developed by SomaLogic on our clients’ behalf, and (iii) custom reagents developed by our clients through a license for both the SELEX development technology and the subsequent reagents. An example of the use of SOMAmer® reagents for commercial purposes is the inclusion of SOMAmer®-based inhibitors of thermophilic enzymes, such as polymerases used in “hot-start” PCR amplification, which are examples of the type of products offered by certain biotechnology companies.

SomaScan® assay.    As of June 30, 2021, our SomaScan® assay measures 7,000 protein target measurements in a single sample, with planned development to expand to an approximately 10,000-plex assay for release. The SomaScan® assay is designed to have breadth (or number of proteins measured), precision, specificity, dynamic range, depth (or lower limits of detection), and throughput. SomaScan® users can also gain access to individual SOMAmer® reagents for a wide range of follow-up studies — a feature we consider as uniquely available with our research services compared to what other proteomic platforms are providing.

SomaSignal™ tests.    As of June 30, 2021, we have 16 research use only (RUO) tests primarily targeting clinical trial applications, such as characterizing and monitoring patients through the clinical trial cycle, including the following:

•        the ability to enrich clinical trials for the patients who are likely to progress, or people who are likely to have events and eliminating patients who cannot improve or who would have hidden risk factors. This enables smaller, shorter and more powerful trials, solving an issue that has hampered the clinical trials industry for decades;

•        as a pre-screening tool for clinical trial inclusion or exclusion (e.g., use of a blood test to reduce screen failures versus using an expensive and/or risky ‘gold standard’ such as a biopsy); and

•        monitoring the impact of therapy in patients either through a single test at a point in time, or a combination of tests over time, all of which can be obtained from one approximately 55µl sample. In exploratory development the tests which predict outcomes can illustrate likely future benefits and support investment in subsequent phases, or alternatively can lead to efficient termination of candidate drugs which do not have beneficial effects, or negative side effects. They can also show unexpected benefits on health states not originally expected to change, potentially increasing indications for use of a new therapeutic.

SomaLogic Research Pipeline and Future Directions

We have several products in our near-term pipeline as of 2021.

•        Approximately 10,000 protein measurement assays:    We are working towards advancing our approximately 10,000 measurement assay (SOMAmer® reagents to new proteins) and are targeting increasing the number of proteins at a rate of over 1,000 per year.

•        Bioinformatics platform:    We plan to launch our bioinformatics platform where our experienced team of data scientists will leverage their expertise in artificial intelligence and machine learning, and clinical test development to create a suite of bioinformatic and data analysis tools for our customers.

•        Value from data asset:    We are in the process of partnering with customers to provide them with biological insights derived from one of the world’s largest proteomic databases with greater than 1.5 billion protein measurements in more than 450,000 people with over 675,000 participant-years of clinical follow-up. As we further expand our proteomic database, we will develop database products for our customers to use that leverage our unique clinical and proteomic data assets.

•        SomaLogic Kits:    With our assay kits we aim to enable our customers to bring our proteomic platform in-house. We are also developing an integrated solution comprising kits and select equipment that would enable customers to perform our proteomics assay at their own sites and leverage our bioinformatics capabilities to analyze the data. In preparation for a full-scale launch, we are establishing agreements with several sites and are deploying kits this year to their sites.

•        Small/Mid-Plex assays:    To fully take advantage of the SomaScan® platform, we plan to launch small/mid — plex assays to our customers to enable them to run multi-plex protein arrays at a variety of sizes and price points. This can increase our clients’ flexibility and create the path towards a discovery to clinic to post marketing workflow.

•        Complementary diagnostics:    We believe there is an opportunity for market expansion using complementary diagnostics, with appropriate regulatory strategies, to determine drug eligibility. Tests which show unresolved risks (e.g. coefficient of variation residual risk) can improve the uptake and cost-effectiveness of new drugs in targeted populations.

SomaLogic Clinical

Our services and products delivered into the clinical market aim to provide innovative, data-driven diagnostic tests with high predictive power of biological disease and risks to patients through health systems. Supported by our pipeline of over approximately 100 tests, we expect to serve the full spectrum of the market including offerings for health and wellness, preventative medical and disease management for pharmaceutical companies, health system providers and

payors. Our pipeline and currently available tests cover early detection, risk prediction, disease progression, treatment selection, companion diagnostics, response prediction, multi-omic product development, patient population and risk stratification.

SomaLogic released its first 10 SomaSignal™ tests into an observation market (local concierge practices in Colorado) under our LDT CLIA license in late 2019. This selected market is being used to study sample logistics and flow, SomaSignal™ tests report structure as well as to determine the support needs of clinicians and patients ordering and receiving SomaSignal™ tests results. Over the past year, we have developed 16 tests for the research use only (RUO) market — most of which are directed at characterizing individuals in clinical trials. We anticipate approximately 10 to 15 additional SomaSignal™ tests or product claims to clear our development and validation process during 2021, mostly directed at helping to manage chronic disease and will be of significant interest to health system providers.

To date, we have established several industry partnerships that we anticipate will enable expansion of our clinical offering. We have established a revenue sharing agreement with NEC Solution Innovators, Ltd. (“NES”) under which NES established a wholly owned subsidiary, FonesLife, in July 2020 to develop and commercialize SomaLogic tests in Japan. Eventually, FonesLife plans to petition to the Japanese National Health Services for use of SomaSignal™ tests in the annual government funded health check. There is no guarantee that we will be able to obtain this approval and successfully include the SomaSignal™ tests in the annual government-funded health check. However, the successful petition with the Japanese National Health Services does not impact SomaLogic’s ability to execute the NEC contract or to generate revenue through this strategic partnership. For further information regarding SomaLogic’s collaborative arrangement with NEC, see Note 2 to notes to consolidated financial statements for SomaLogic, included elsewhere in this prospectus.

SomaLogic Clinical Product Features and Competitive Advantages

Although genomics has been generally implemented at-scale within the healthcare industry and in the clinical setting, in our view few options have existed to-date for clinicians and patients to utilize the power of broad proteomics. We believe SomaLogic is poised to facilitate a new and deeper understanding of disease biology by leveraging proteomics to assess disease diagnosis, progression and to ultimately quantify risk and predict health outcomes and drug response via a window into the more than 90% of human disease that is not driven by dominant genomic abnormalities.

We are focused on addressing the whole patient and believe we are the first platform that provides high-plex proteomics analysis to assess multiple organs and biological systems. Our tests leverage machine-learning models, which we predict will ultimately facilitate the ability to generate an easily accessible and interpretable test report for patients.

We believe our tests provide the following advantages:

•        one of the first sets of tests that incorporate artificial intelligence and machine learning to enable generating a report directly to the patient through their physicians without the need of special expertise;

•        highly accurate tests for risk prediction;

•        broad proteomics measurement vs. only selected biomarkers (unbiased diagnostic model development, driven by machine learning selection of important proteins rather than proteins pre-selected based on the literature); and

•        completing all relevant tests for a patient with one sample vs. requiring separate patient samples (or visits) needed for each “test” (as is today’s model).

SomaLogic Clinical Offering and Uses

We are focused on commercializing our tests and test development services to clinical customers:

SomaSignal™ tests.    We believe our SomaSignal™ tests will provide health systems and national health services with a leading-edge scientific tool set to allocate resources, risk stratify both populations and individual patients and personalize therapy. As the move to value-based care in health systems accelerates in North America and as worldwide national health services become more sophisticated, we believe clinicians need real-time health information to practice precision medicine, direct the most aggressive treatment to those at highest risk, intervene in

disease progression, and reduce costly events. In addition, we believe policy-makers must understand likely future labor and resource allocation needs to manage healthcare and need reliable risk prediction to do so. We believe this type of care, powered by proteomics, will deliver improved outcomes for the patient, lower healthcare costs, and enable health systems and national health services to maximize their return on investment from investments in new “-omics” technology in an increasingly competitive marketplace. We have 12 SomaSignal™ tests currently available for use in 2021 as LDT under our CLIA certification, with greater than 100 tests in various stages of development:

Figure: SomaLogic First 12 SomaSignal™ LDT CLIA certified tests

Among those tests anticipated to be completed and released in 2021 is a cancer predisposition panel (tests that predict the biologic predisposition to the development of breast, colon, prostate and lung cancer over a period of time). We believe these tests will measure an individual’s risk for development of cancer, rather than early disease detection, and we believe could be impactful on international cancer screening paradigms, as well as funnel patients into early detection tests, such as those incorporating cell-free DNA signals.

SomaSignal™ Test Development.    The number of tests that can be developed across the more than 90% of human disease that is not determined by dominant genomic drivers and using high-plex protein pattern recognition is substantial. In light of this, we plan to begin enabling customers and collaborators to develop their own tests on our platform. Our offering aims to serve pharmaceutical customers who have expressed an interest in the development of complementary diagnostics, and payors who have expressed interest in tests to determine the utility based on individual biology of high-cost or narrow therapeutic window pharmaceuticals.

SomaLogic Clinical Pipeline and Future Directions

We are continuously developing new tests to serve the research, clinical and consumer markets with over 100 new tests in development including:

•        FDA Authorized Diagnostics:    We are in the process of submitting a breakthrough device designation to the FDA. If the FDA authorizes the use of the product, we believe this may pave the way for future submissions to the FDA as we aim to identify SomaSignal™ tests of high clinical value and expand our portfolio of tests to enable precision medicine.

•        Co-Development of New SomaSignal™ tests:    Working closely with our clinical implementation partners, we are prioritizing the tests in our pipeline that we believe will have the greatest impact on their business. Our goal with these tests is to focus on disease management, enable at home sample collection and facilitate early intervention in diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality burden, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.

•        SomaLogic Kits for Measuring Proteins In-House:    Our kits are aimed at enabling our customers to bring our proteomic platform in-house and to build lines of business based on this ground-breaking technology. We aim to leverage our SomaScan® assay installed base in academic medical centers, and new installations within health system core facilities (prioritizing our partners referenced above), to enable our customers to conduct clinical research using the SomaScan® platform and to develop lines of business (selling services to other researchers) using our proteomics platform.

•        Value from Data Asset:    We aim to expand upon what we believe is already one of the world’s largest clinically annotated proteomics database to facilitate clinical applications. Our goal is for our customers to be able to purchase SomaScan®, SomaSignal™ tests, and we plan to partner with customers to provide them biological insights derived from our proteomics database enriched with clinical data to further their clinical development needs. As we further expand our proteomics database, we aim to develop database products for our customers.

•        Clinical Decision Support Tools:    We believe current SomaSignal™ tests have a number of benefits over traditional diagnostics, including evaluation of disease development or trajectory risk impossible or difficult to currently assess, the replacement of expensive, risky or inconvenient traditional screening or diagnostic approaches and others. However, as we move forward with health system partners, and collect prospective treatment and outcomes data for patients who have received SomaSignal™ tests results, we believe we will be able to develop new clinical decision support tool algorithms based directly on individual patient protein expression patterns (e.g., which drug or other intervention is most likely to result in a desired outcome).

SomaLogic Direct-To-Consumer

As a number of our validated or in development SomaSignal™ tests are health and wellness oriented (e.g., biological age, resting metabolic rate, body composition, diet, sleep quality, aerobic conditioning, cognition, etc.), we believe there is a substantial direct-to-consumer opportunity. These include tests genomics cannot deliver, and we view as consistent with an increasing societal interest in technology and information that individuals can use to more independently manage their own health and diseases on an ongoing basis. Unlike the genome, which is essentially static, the proteome is dynamic and constantly changing, which could theoretically lead to an opportunity to conduct repeatable and recurring SomaSignal™ testing in areas of individual interest to determine if interventions, or lifestyle changes are altering risk or measurements. To facilitate home collection we are evaluating non-invasive blood collection devices, and have validated urine as a test and protein measurement matrix for most of our analytes and artificial intelligence and machine learning models, which could substantially lower the cost and improve the convenience of sample collection and handling. We plan to dramatically reduce our cost of goods sold over the next two years as we move either to a less expensive array or NGS system for our readout. We are also reviewing the legal framework and requirements that are associated with the home collection and testing.

We plan to develop our medical offerings first, to encourage acceptance of the validity of the science and approach in this community prior to moving to global Direct-To-Consumer, subject to review of and compliance with the relevant legal requirements. Our future global Direct-To-Consumer model could potentially be sold in collaboration with, or in support of, life insurance, fitness, wellness, beauty and other consumer offerings upon regulatory clearance.

Our Market Opportunity

Due to extensive existing applications and broad potential, we believe proteomics represents one of the largest untapped opportunities in the life sciences industry today. Our platform aims to address a large opportunity across multiple proteomics-based markets and is uniquely designed to attract and retain customers in order to capture a substantial share in each of these markets. With our growing foundational assay of proteins in place as the single source for all new test menus, we believe we are well positioned to expand to additional adjacent markets within proteomics and genomics. Our initial target markets are research and clinical diagnostics, both for which we have already began establishing our market presence among customers and collaborators. For clinical diagnostics, we have built relationships with health systems and expect to finalize co-development relationships by the end of 2021 and plan to offer commercial use of our tests to health system customers by the end of 2022. The global addressable market opportunity across the research and clinical diagnostics markets combined is valued at approximately $90 billion.

In addition, given the nascent state of the proteomics field and the rapid pace of innovation, we expect our platform to enable new applications to new markets which have not yet been monetized or even created, including potentially the direct-to-consumer market.

Figure: Proteomics Market Opportunities

Currently, about 90% of FDA-approved and in development drugs target a protein, and most other drugs interact with, or are influenced by signal transduction cascades mediated by proteins. The relationship between changes in the genome as reflected through mutations (e.g., single-nucleotide polymorphisms (i.e., “SNPs”)) and the corresponding changes in the proteome are increasingly recognized as a valuable tool in discovery. As such, an understanding of the proteome is paramount to both a better understanding and further development of pharmacology. We believe our platform provides a broad offering for the research market across both basic research and discovery, and translational research and pharmaceutical development. The research market is valued to be approximately $50 billion, consisting of approximately $30 billion for basic research and discovery, and approximately $20 billion for translational research and pharmaceutical development. We offer the basic research and discovery market proteomic discovery, drug and vaccine target identification and development, new biological insights and protein-QTL (i.e., “p-snip”) targets. For the translational research and pharmaceutical development markets we enable these capabilities in addition to companion and complementary diagnostics, and clinical trials facilitation.

We believe we are also uniquely positioned to capture a significant part of the clinical diagnostics market, which is valued at approximately $40 billion. Our broad and versatile foundational assay, working in conjunction with our massive proteomics database and bioinformatics capabilities, enables the natural expansion of our test menu given the continuous incorporation of the most recent real-world data into our growing foundational assay from which all tests are derived. We believe this dynamic will support continuous and long-term growth of our clinical diagnostics business. We expect to offer health systems applications across the patient continuum, spanning early detection, proprietary test development, risk prediction, disease progression, treatment selection, companion diagnostics, response prediction, multi-omic product development and patient and population risk stratification.

Our Strengths

Our historical and anticipated future growth are underpinned by a vast set of competitive strengths and advantages we believe will enable us to accelerate the field of proteomics, while establishing SomaLogic as the leading proteomics player. Our competitive strengths include:

•        Designed to be a universal proteomics platform that can be applied across research and discovery, translational research and biopharmaceutical development, and clinical applications.    We designed our platform to be an enabler and provide applications across several large, incompletely accessed proteomics markets, including basic research and discovery, translational research and biopharmaceutical development, and clinical diagnostic applications — representing an approximately $90 billion collective market opportunity. We believe our platform uniquely provides precise, broad, deep and reproducible measurement, proteogenomic advances, protein bioinformatic capabilities, artificial intelligence and machine learning analytics tools, minimum required sample input size, and scalability, with established

commercial adoption. We believe the ability to serve the clinical market is a distinct advantage for our current research customers, which include leading biopharmaceutical companies, which have valued our platform’s potential to generate robust clinical tests over time.

•        Providing high-multiplex and high-throughput proteomics.    Our proteomics platform technology can currently measure greater than 7,000 protein target measurements as of June 30, 2021, which is approximately over four times (4X) greater than any other commercial competitor that exists today, and we believe there is no achievable upper limit to the number of distinct SOMAmer® reagent shapes that can be created and proteins subsequently analyzed (i.e., up to a thousand trillion). Over the past decade, we have successfully expanded the amount of highly reproducible protein measurements we can execute on our platform, enabled by our foundational assay, and underlying proprietary chemistry and reagents. Due to these unique underlying attributes, we believe we have generated new content at a rapid pace, which is far more expeditious relative to alternative antibody-based approaches among others. Our platform provides these analytical capabilities from a small required biological sample size (approximately 55 µL of plasma or serum), with ability to run assays simultaneously, at high-throughput, in a highly scalable and reproducible fashion that is highly market validated, based upon our well-established customer and partner base.

•        Proprietary, foundational aptamer-based chemistry and reagents.    Our platform differentiation and capability is underpinned by our unique assay, which utilizes slow off-rate modified aptamers, SOMAmer® reagents, to provide highly reproducible measurements of circulating proteins from a single sample. SOMAmer® reagents are aptamers that combine many of the features of protein-based and nucleic acid-based affinity reagents. Specifically, SOMAmer® reagents have sidechains that resemble some amino acids typically used by antibodies to recognize proteins. All aptamers are synthetically modified, and therefore amenable to tight controls and manufacturing processes, facilitate lot-to-lot reproducibility, and can withstand a wide range of solvents and chemicals as well as elevated temperatures — also harnessing the ability to introduce functional groups for various assays and uses in a site-specific manner. Aptamers have a dual-nature; they fold spontaneously and in a reversible manner into intercut three-dimensional shapes, with which they can recognize their protein targets — but importantly also have unique sequences that can be hybridized to complementary probes for detection. Our proprietary, foundational aptamer-based technology is supported by approximately 700 patents (issued or pending) and supports unparalleled sensitivity and specificity, and dynamic range.

•        One of the largest proprietary proteomics database leveraging clinical relationships.    We have a rigorously curated, proprietary clinical proteomics database containing more than 450,000 samples and over 1.5 billion protein measurements. Our proteomics database has been developed with deliberate, dedicated effort over more than a decade, with data obtained from clinical trials and annotated biobanks (approximately 40% of total samples), several of which have provided SomaLogic with exclusive sample access. Our database reflects multi-dimensional human biology and a multi-environmental knowledge base, enabling enhanced and potentially earlier access to therapeutic options and more effective test development. As we continue to bolster our clinical relationships and access additional biobanks, our database should continue to grow at a rapid pace over the next several years. We believe our database represents a powerful asset and substantial source of value generation over time, which will importantly support future clinical test development, additional monetization opportunities (e.g., curated access to discovery customers, recommendation engines, decision support products) and it is our view that it could potentially represent an unmatched regulatory development/FDA filing resource.

•        Artificial intelligence and machine learning-powered bioinformatics stack enables deep understanding of the proteome.    We consider one of the differentiating aspects of our platform to be its integration of proprietary protein bioinformatics and analytical capabilities, resulting from a more than ten-year track record of in-house protein data product development. Leveraging access to protein measurements and approximately 15 million clinical data points contained within our proprietary database, we have built bespoke protein bioinformatics capabilities, which enable us to offer analytics as a service (expanding our business model and customer access). We have established a robust data processing pipeline that results in accurate and highly reproducible proteomic data with low coefficients of variation, enabling data

comparability and warehousing across multiple runs and clinical studies. Our artificial intelligence and machine learning models correlate to patterns of protein expression to a specific health state (condition) or disease from thousands measured each time. Our proteins chosen for each model (typically between about 20 to 200 in total) are chosen objectively by our in-house artificial intelligence and machine learning model, as opposed to being selected from existing scientific literature — in this sense, our approach is truly innovative and groundbreaking.

•        Extensive global patent portfolio protecting our proteomics platform, products and services.    As of June 30, 2021, our extensive patent portfolio of approximately 700 worldwide assets, includes approximately 530 issued patents and approximately 230 pending applications, which are directed to our proprietary, foundational aptamer-based technologies and products having unparalleled sensitivity and specificity, and dynamic range. The issued patents are all utility patents with granted claims directed to methods, kits and composition of matter that cover our aptamer-based assay, proprietary aptamer reagents and chemical modifications incorporated into our proprietary aptamers. Our patents and pending applications, if issued, are expected to expire between 2021 and 2039, in each case without taking into account any possible patent term adjustments or extensions and assuming payment of all appropriate maintenance, renewal, annuity or other government fees. We have developed a robust patent strategy that we believe results in SomaLogic owning the largest patent portfolio in the proteomics space. Our continuous effort to protect our innovation through patenting is expected to maintain this competitive advantage.

•        Established, multi-year relationships with growing customer base and some of the leading KOLs across relevant disease and application areas.    We have cultivated long-standing relationships with the trust of our customers, as we have developed our products and solutions for, and in collaboration with, our customers. From leading academic research universities to top biopharmaceutical companies, our customers have rigorously vetted and validated our technology, and we believe the high-quality nature of our offering has historically driven customer engagement and loyalty from more than 300 customers and collaborators since 2015, including industry leaders such as Novartis and Amgen. Many of the most prominent KOLs in proteomics are our supporters and promoters, as evidenced by use of our products in studies that have been published in over 250 peer-reviewed publications and by expanding use in our customers’ clinical trials. We have extensively outlined our technology description and methodology within peer-reviewed publications, to the extent practical — with an aim to foster a culture of rigorous transparency and to educate and inform the scientific community. In addition, we work proactively to spearhead new collaborations amongst KOLs in the scientific community with a focus on our core technology platform. Of note, we led and published a landmark proof-of-concept study in the Nature Medicine in December of 2019, which included more than 10 KOLs, focused on a prospective analysis of approximately 85 million protein measurements in 16,894 participants demonstrating protein expression patterns reliably encode for many different health issues, and large-scale protein scanning coupled with artificial intelligence and machine learning on our platform is viable for the development and future simultaneous delivery of multiple measures of health. We anticipate with further development, validation and the addition of more protein-phenotype models, this approach could enable a single-source, individualized “liquid health check.”

•        Initial traction in clinical markets with a growing menu of tests and relationships.    We have released our first 12 SomaSignal™ tests into local concierge medical practices in Colorado, under an LDT CLIA license received in late-2019. This select initial market is being utilized to study sample logistics and flow, test report structure as well as to determine the support needs of clinicians and patients ordering and receiving tests results. Over the past year, we have added 16 tests as research use only (RUO) offerings for clinical trial applications, most of which are relevant to characterization of participants in such trials. Approximately ten to fifteen additional new tests or regulated claims for existing tests are anticipated to clear development and validation during 2021, and the development pipeline consists of over 100 tests, in total, including testing for body conditions as well as presence or trajectory of myriad diseases, including cardiovascular, renal, neurologic, pulmonary and cancer-focused offerings, among others. In the near-term, we expect to begin to sell “test development” on our platform — biopharmaceutical customers have expressed interest in the development of complementary diagnostics, and payors have expressed interest in developing additional types of test offerings.

Our Strategy

Our goal is to drive adoption of our integrated platform of proteomic solutions and services, initially in the research and clinical markets, and then expanding into the direct-to-consumer and other attractive markets. Our strategy centers on lowering barriers to adoption and actively engaging with our broad community of customers and KOLs to accelerate the adoption of proteomics. Our growth strategy includes:

•        Drive adoption of our platform as the industry standard with research customers.    We plan to continually enhance and expand our basic research and discover, and translational research and biopharmaceutical development offerings for our research customers, which include biopharmaceutical companies, and academic and research laboratories. We have a well-established base of marquee customer and KOL relationships in place, and as we grow it further, we expect to win contracts with new customers and expand the scope of existing contracts with existing customers. To facilitate this growth, we plan to expand our commercial organization and raise awareness through all available channels, including our KOL relationships and relevant publications. We also plan to develop and grow our offering of reagents and corresponding solutions, including both small and large plex capabilities, site-of-service deployed assay options, and bioinformatics offerings to attract additional customers and cross-sell to existing customers.

•        Ramp our presence in the clinical market.    We expect the clinical market to be a key growth driver and are focused on building a significant market presence. We are executing our ongoing launch of SomaSignal™ clinical tests through expansion into additional health systems and increasing the scope of our test menu. To facilitate this expansion, we are establishing clinical partnerships with IDNs, and large health systems and hospitals to develop and then commercialize our product pipeline, which consists of over approximately 100 tests to serve the full spectrum of the market including offerings for health and wellness, preventative medical and disease management for pharmaceutical companies, health system providers and payors.

•        Grow our database, and artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities to strengthen our value proposition for our customers.    Our database and artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities enable us to leverage a massive amount of real time data in the creation and development of new high-performance tests for a variety of applications, initially for our research and clinical markets. We have developed what we view as one of the world’s largest customized proteomic databases with a deliberate, dedicated effort over several years through data obtained from a myriad of valuable sources, including research collaborations, self-funded data collection projects, health systems, clinical trials and annotated biobanks (several of which have not allowed others access to their samples). We are continuing to develop clinical relationships and access to more biobanks with funding to continue to grow our database at a rapid pace over the next several years. We are also in the process of establishing the infrastructure of products and services for our customers to access and benefit from this database so that they can leverage our unique and massive data asset through our artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities to achieve enhanced and potentially earlier access to therapeutic options, and more effective tests. We also expect to expand our offering in the future through additional products and services, including providing proteomic clinical decision support, and selling biological insights and analysis derived from the database.

•        Strengthen our partnerships and collaborations to validate our integrated platform and expand its capabilities.    Since 2015, we have built over 300 industry partnerships and customer relationships, which include biopharmaceutical companies, academic laboratories, CRO’s and health systems. This includes recent research-based partnerships with Novartis, Amgen and a recent clinical based partnership with NES in Japan. We are in the process of establishing new partnerships and collaborations, as well as expanding the scope of our existing ones. We believe these actions will enhance our integrated platform, lower barriers to adoption and introduce new channels to product uptake, such as partnering to develop proteo-genomics combined products and services. Theoretically, the proteomics space is nascent and full of potential for discovery of biological insights and applications to disease, and we plan to remain well positioned to harness and channel this potential through our integrated platform for the ecosystem of various healthcare industry stakeholders who can leverage the full extent of our platform’s capabilities and realize the maximum amount of utility.

•        Enhance our integrated platform for use in decentralized settings.    We have plans in place to expand our integrated platform offering so it can be used in decentralized settings. This means academic and research laboratories would be able to conduct experiments on samples in-house rather than having to ship samples to our facilities. We believe researchers place substantial value on this flexibility given the tremendous value they place on the ability to pursue research ideas as soon as possible, independently and under their own control. Such an enhancement of our platform would also facilitate geographic expansion into areas, especially those such as Asia and South America, where strict local laws make it difficult to ship tissue samples cross border to our facilities in the United States.

•        Build commercial product development and sales channel relationships with Genomics, Transcriptomics and other molecular-based testing enterprises.    There are a myriad of opportunities to combine our high-plex protein pattern recognition test development models with other data to create new diagnostics approaches. Examples include adding proteomic data to render polygenic tests more accurate, to determine when phenotypic changes might require action related to positive dominant mutation disease test results, the use of proteomic disease predisposition tests to funnel individuals into early diagnosis approaches such as cell-free DNA, and combining proteomic data with various other-omic data to create more powerful diagnostic models (e.g., transcriptomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, etc.).

•        Expand beyond our initial research and clinical markets.    Although the research and clinical markets are our initial and current focus, we plan for our integrated platform to provide the technology, database and bioinformatics capabilities to facilitate expansion to new markets in the future. We plan to develop our medical offerings first, to encourage acceptance of the validity of the science and approach in this community prior to moving to a global Direct-to-Consumer model, subject to review of and compliance with the relevant legal requirements. As a number of our validated or in development SomaSignal™ tests are designed to be health and wellness oriented (e.g., body composition, diet, sleep quality, aerobic conditioning, cognition, etc.), and we believe there is a substantial direct-to-consumer opportunity. We have validated urine as a test and protein measurement matrix for most of our analytes and artificial intelligence and machine learning models, which in our view could substantially lower the cost and improve the convenience of sample collection and handling. Beyond direct-to-consumer, given the nascent state of the proteomics field and the rapid pace of innovation, we expect our platform could enable new applications to new markets which have not yet been monetized or even created.

Select Case Studies

Our integrated platform has broad applicability across multiple disease areas for both research and clinical purposes. We have applied our platform on disease areas of significant unmet need and we believe we have achieved promising data so far validating its utility. Select examples demonstrating our platform’s impact are as follows:

•        Cardiovascular disease.    Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Existing risk predictors are poor prognostic tests, specifically in high-risk populations, and their immutable components are insensitive to improvements. Therefore, we believe there exists a significant need to provide reliable, individualized, and dynamic surrogates of cardiovascular risk to improve general cardiac care management, and specifically to aid precision-use of cardioprotective drugs to accelerate clinical trials. As a result, we measured approximately 5,000 plasma proteins in 18,165 participants (individually) across seven clinical studies, and derived and validated a 27-protein model to assess the likelihood of cardiovascular events or death. Risk stratification using proteins generated a greater dynamic range in observed four-year event rates than clinical factors: 5.7% (“low,” n = 1,677), 11.2% (“low-medium,” n = 4,720), 20.0% (“medium-high,” n = 3,064) and 43.4% (“high,” n = 2,148), respectively, in four pre-defined categories, with consistent prognostic performance across morbidities, demographics, and geographic regions. In paired samples, increments in protein-predicted risk were greater in individuals approaching events, unchanged by neural interventions and lowered by beneficial interventions (e.g., cardioprotective drugs). The 27-protein model has demonstrated attributes of surrogacy, which may be useful both in clinical practice and in clinical trials.

Figure: SomaSignal™ Secondary Cardiovascular Risk Test

•        Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).    Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (“NASH”) is liver inflammation and damage caused by buildup of fat in the liver and is a type of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (“NAFLD”) which affects approximately 5% of adults in the United States, according to the American Liver Foundation. Today, NASH is primarily diagnosed by an invasive liver biopsy. As such, a practical noninvasive blood-based method that accurately and simultaneously characterizes all its relevant pathologic components could vastly accelerate the development of new drugs and enhance early detection and monitoring in clinical practice. As a result, we measured approximately 5,000 proteins in 2,856 serum samples collected from 636 participants in the NASH CRN natural history cohort, longitudinal samples from pioglitazone, vitamin E, and placebo (“PIVENS”), and obeticholic acid and placebo (“FLINT”) clinical trials for approximately 15 million protein measurements. Artificial intelligence and machine learning methods were used to develop protein models of each biopsy component using the natural history cohort and 50% of FLINT and PIVENS; they were validated in the other 50% of FLINT and PIVENS (paired validation) and also in a smaller hold-out fraction. Results for the four protein models in training/paired validation were: fibrosis (AUC: 0.92/0.85); steatosis (AUC: 0.95/0.79); inflammation (AUC: 0.83/0.72); ballooning (AUC: 0.87/0.83), and, when multiplied, predicted at-risk NASH (AUC: 0.93/0.85; sensitivity: 87%; specificity: 63%).

Applied longitudinally, model predictions characterized differential pharmacodynamic effects of vitamin E, pioglitazone and obeticholic acid. Serum proteomic patterns captured all four key components of the liver biopsy with diagnostic performance superior to alternative blood-based methods and at a competitive relative basis to imaging or elastography which only predicts one or two components at a time. The serum proteomic patterns clearly characterized the time-course and therapeutic effects of three different drug mechanisms — indicating these tests may potentially assist in new drug development as well as medical intervention decisions.

SomaSignal™ NASH Predictions Related to Biopsy Result (Validation Dataset)

Figure: The SomaSignal™ NASH Panel

Commercial Strategy, Sales and Marketing

Our commercial strategy is focused on continuing to drive the expansion of our customer base, and the adoption of the SomaLogic platform, within the biopharmaceutical, academic, and CRO research market. We will continue to add additional strategic agreements which enable the products from our platform to penetrate from discovery through all phases of clinical to post-marketing of potential blockbuster therapies. We will continue to utilize strong customer relationships to launch future near-term products, including the approximately 10,000 plex assay, SomaLogic bioinformatics platform, small/mid-plex offerings, and a relaunch of the kits business line.

In addition, we aim to continue to add more partnership agreements with various health systems, ACOs and payers to rapidly expand our entry into the healthcare market with our existing SomaSignal™ tests, and those in development. We have created flexible partnerships which allow for agile development of new ventures with health systems, payers and others.

We aim to also partner with our KOL network to create scientific and thought leadership publications and presentations to further validate proteomics as groundbreaking science, expanding upon use cases in specific therapeutic areas, and develop the health-economic evidence to support and advance medical science- focusing on use cases with the most significant and persuasive impact. We predict appropriate information from this scientific platform, together with our medical advisors, will be utilized for global marketing and sales material.

Our commercial and product development teams are consistently partnering with our customers to develop products and services which speed the adoption of proteomics for our customers, including data analysis, data integration and ease of use tool sets. We are also actively exploring several potential co-marketing and new channel and product development opportunities with various partners in closely aligned scientific verticals, such as genomics.

Our global direct sales and marketing efforts are targeted at the key decision makers and purchasers in pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, research institutions, as well as key decision makers at health systems, and large payer organizations. We utilize a mix of traditional and non-traditional efforts to try to increase awareness of our products among our target customers including through digital marketing, webinars, direct sales calls, trade shows, conferences, and other forms of marketing. We also provide a curriculum of education and training in a live and multimedia formats.

We aim to provide extra value to our customers through our research user group, the SomaScan® Proteomics Consortium, which meets regularly and promotes collaboration among cohort studies that use SomaScan® profiling. Peer to peer discussion adds additional value to users, while SomaLogic experts are on hand to facilitate, answer questions, and provide educational presentations on a range of topics.

SomaLogic Biopharmaceutical and Research

The SomaLogic biopharmaceutical and research portfolio is sold through a direct sales force primarily to our biopharmaceutical and research customers. In mid-2020, SomaLogic re-opened a simple fee-for-service offering, in addition to its previous data-sharing model that we believe has proven very popular among customers. To further simplify contracting and speed the sales cycle, SomaLogic also offers customers the ability to contract through a third party and is evaluating similar options. SomaLogic also has long-term contracts and collaborations with several of the leading, multinational biopharmaceutical companies, and is now actively pursuing long-term enterprise level proteomics deals with most of the top 20 pharmaceutical (by revenue) companies, which will be facilitated by a comprehensive set of proteomics solutions in addition to our market-leading protein measurement and identification capabilities.

SomaLogic Clinical

We plan to enter this market through a series of clinical partnerships. As these partnerships yield positive healthcare economics, clinical outcomes and practice efficiency results, we plan to enter into commercial contracts with both health systems and commercial payer organizations. The terms and volumes for these customers will vary. Initial sales and marketing efforts will focus on building a strong KOL network, followed by more broad marketing within societies and physician networks, and eventually reaching from clinicians and health administrators to patients and their family members.

We are currently evaluating a variety of different partnerships with various customers to drive clinical adoption, and proof of implementation success. Initial target channels include health systems carrying various amounts of risk from full fee-for-service to full capitation, and commercial payers.

Within these channels we plan to develop an advocacy network to influence broad adoption both within the United States and globally, and we plan to work with our nationally recognized KOL advisors to shape future guidelines, facilitating adoption of proteomics and thereby advancing the practice of medicine worldwide.

Manufacturing and Supply

We depend on our manufacturing and supply chain operations to source the proteomes and other reagents we use in our products and solutions. Our suppliers and manufacturer are also the primary source of the instruments required to complete our assays and tests.

Some of our products are built using unique components, such as our SomaScan® assay but the majority of the components that make up our products and solutions are commonly sourced or off-the-shelf. While we purchase some of our components and materials used in manufacturing from single-source suppliers, we have qualified second sources for most, but not all, of our critical components and reagents. The loss of any of these suppliers could potentially harm SomaLogic. We believe alternatives would be available, however, it may take time to identify and validate replacement

components, which could negatively affect our ability to supply our products on a timely basis. To mitigate this risk, we typically carry a significant inventory of our critical components. For further discussion of the risks relating to our third-party suppliers, see the section entitled “Risk Factors.”

Intellectual Property

Our success depends in part on our ability to maintain intellectual property protection for our products and technology. We utilize a variety of intellectual property protection strategies including patents, trade secrets, trademarks and other methods of protecting proprietary information.

Patents

We have an extensive global patent portfolio to protect our proteomics platform, the products and services. Our owned patents and pending applications, if issued, are expected to expire between 2021 and 2039, in each case without taking into account any possible patent term adjustments or extensions and assuming payment of all appropriate maintenance, renewal, annuity or other government fees. Our proprietary, foundational aptamer-based technology is supported by approximately 700 patents (issued or pending) and supports unparalleled sensitivity and specificity, and dynamic range.

Trademarks

We own various trademarks, applications, and unregistered trademarks in the United States and in important markets outside the United States, including our own company name and product and service names, including SomaLogic®, SomaSignal™, SOMAmer®, and SomaScan®. Our trademark portfolio is designed to protect the brands for our product and services, both current and in the pipeline.

Trade Secrets

In addition to our reliance on patent protection for our inventions, products and technologies, we also rely on trade secrets, know-how, confidentiality agreements and continuing technological innovation to develop and maintain our competitive position. For example, some elements of our analytical techniques and processes, as well the bioinformatics used to convert raw data into normalized data and related reference values and software are based on unpatented trade secrets and know-how not publicly disclosed. Although we take steps to protect our proprietary information and trade secrets, including through contractual means with our employees, advisors and consultants, these agreements may be breached and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach. In addition, third parties may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets or disclose our technology. As a result, we may not be able to meaningfully protect our trade secrets.

In-Licensing of Intellectual Property

We do not currently rely on any third party in-licensed intellectual property to practice any of its services or products.

Out-Licensing of Intellectual Property

In 2008, pursuant to an agreement with a certain biotechnology company, SomaLogic licensed a worldwide exclusive right (on a target by target basis), under SomaLogic’s patent portfolio (122 patents and patent applications) and proprietary information and know-how relating to its modified SELEX processes and modified aptamers technology to make, use, sell, and have made, and have sold (a) commercial products produced by or incorporating SomaLogic licensed technologies and (b) commercial products intended for use in nucleic acid amplification that are rationally designed nucleic acid sequences that is a temperature dependent inhibitor of a licensed target. SomaLogic retained a non-exclusive right to make, use and have made the aptamers for internal research and development, including the right to grant non-exclusive licenses to SomaLogic collaborator for research and development purposes. The biotechnology company’s license was amended in 2012 to grant such company enforcement of licensed patent rights against third-party infringers. In 2014, the biotechnology company’s license was amended to exclude in vivo imaging applications in the licensed field and licensed product. The royalties were also amended to include in addition to the original 15% royalty on net sales on licensed products and $50,000 annual minimum per calendar year for each licensed target, a new $35,000 per calendar year payment for each new target class, plus a one-time license fee of

$25,000 for each target that is added. The term of this license continues on a country-by-country basis, until the later of the expiration of the last to expire of the licensed patents having a valid claim that covers tech licensed products directed to a licensed target or the tenth anniversary of the first commercial sale of a licensed product under category (a) above.

We intend to pursue additional intellectual property protection to the extent we believe it would be beneficial and cost-effective. We cannot provide any assurance any of our current or future patent applications will result in the issuance of patents, or any of our current or future issued patents will effectively protect any of our products, services or technology or prevent others from commercializing infringing products, services or technology. For further discussion of the risks relating to intellectual property, see the section entitled “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Intellectual Property.”

Collaboration Agreements

SomaLogic has several collaboration agreements with collaborators to facilitate various research efforts focused on proteomic profiling of several diseases and conditions. Our current collaborators include many universities and private companies in the biotechnology space.

On September 20, 2019, SomaLogic entered into a Master Collaboration Agreement (“MCA”) with Novartis Pharma AG, a Swiss company (“Novartis”), pursuant to which the parties engage in collaborative research efforts to advance the study of proteomic medicine. Under the MCA, SomaLogic agrees to provide SomaScan® assay services to Novartis upon Novartis’s submission of samples to SomaLogic. The MCA will remain in effect until December 31, 2028 unless either earlier terminated by the parties in accordance with the MCA or extended for an additional five (5) years by mutual written agreement. Under the MCA, Novartis is expected to submit an annual minimum number of samples to SomaLogic and pay a fee per sample of which SomaLogic provides its SomaScan services to such sample.

On October 13, 2020, SomaLogic entered into an Amended and Restated Master SomaScan Discovery Services Agreement (“MSDS”) with Amgen Inc., a Delaware corporation based in California (“Amgen”), pursuant to which SomaLogic agrees to use its SomaScan® assay technology to study protein samples provided by Amgen and provides reports for such studies, as outlined in individual statements of work (“SOWs”) from time to time. Each individual SOW sets forth the sample requirements, and fees payable to SomaLogic pursuant thereto, that Amgen agrees to supply to SomaLogic in order for SomaLogic to provide SomaScan® assay services. The MSDS will terminate on October 13, 2025 unless earlier terminated by the parties in accordance with the MSDS and in any event not until any open SOW is completed.

Scientific Advisory Board

We have assembled a highly qualified scientific advisory board composed of advisors who have deep expertise in the field of proteomics, medicine, regulatory compliance, and data science. The members of our scientific advisory board consist of experts across a range of key disciplines relevant to our products and solutions. We intend to continue to leverage the broad expertise of our advisors by seeking their counsel on important topics relating to our product candidate discovery and development programs. Members of our scientific advisory board have entered into agreements with us covering their respective confidentiality, non-disclosure and proprietary rights matters in connection with their service, and some members have options to purchase shares of our Common Stock.