UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 333-201360

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

2498 Wanfeng Highway, Lane 181

Fengjing Town, Jinshan District
Shanghai, China, 201501

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(86) 21-67355092

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒      No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒      No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐      No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: As of March 31, 2021, the registrant had 38,502,954 shares of its common stock outstanding.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

March 31, 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

The following unaudited interim financial statements of Muliang Viagoo Technology, Inc. (referred to herein as the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) are included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q:

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF MARCH 31, 2021 AND DECEMBER 31 2020

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020
(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Muliang Viagoo Technology, Inc (“Muliang Viagoo”), formerly known as M & A Holding Corporation., Mullan Agritech Inc. and Muliang Agritech Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on November 5, 2014. Muliang Viagoo’s core business activities of developing, manufacturing, and selling organic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers for use in agricultural industry are conducted through several indirectly owned subsidiaries in China.

On June 9, 2016, M & A Holding Corporation filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation (the “Amendment”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada, changing its name from “M & A Holding Corporation,” to “Mullan Agritech, Inc.”

On July 11, 2016, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) effected in the marketplace the change of the corporate name from “M & A Holding Corporation,” to “Mullan Agritech, Inc.”, and effective on such date.

On April 4, 2019, the Company changed its corporate name from “Mullan Agritech Inc.” to “Muliang Agritech Inc.” The name change took effect on May 7, 2019. In connection with the name change, our stock symbol changed to “MULG”.

On June 26, 2020, Muliang Agritech, Inc. filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of the State of the State of Nevada, changing its name from “Muliang Agritech, Inc.” to “Muliang Viagoo Technology, Inc.”. The Company will trade under the new name upon approval by FINRA.

History

Shanghai Muliang Industry Co., Ltd. (referred to herein as “Muliang Industry”) was incorporated in PRC on December 7, 2006 as a limited liability company, owned 95% by Lirong Wang and 5% by Zongfang Wang. Muliang Industry through its own operations and its subsidiaries is engaged in the business of developing, manufacturing, and selling organic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers for use in the agricultural industry.

On May 27, 2013, Muliang Industry entered into and consummated an equity purchase agreement whereby it acquired 99% of the outstanding equity of Weihai Fukang Bio-Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Fukang”), a corporation organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China. Fukang was incorporated in Weihai City, Shandong Province on January 6, 2009. Fukang is focused on the distribution of organic fertilizers and the development of new bio-organic fertilizers. As a result of the completion of the transaction, Fukang became a 99% owned subsidiary of Muliang Industry, with the remaining 1% equity interest owned by Mr. Hui Song.

On July 11, 2013, Muliang Industry established a wholly owned subsidiary, Shanghai Muliang Agritech Development Co., Ltd. (“Agritech Development”) in Shanghai, China. On November 6, 2013, Muliang Industry sold 40% of the outstanding equity of Agritech Development to Mr. Jianping Zhang for consideration of approximately $65,000 or RMB 400,000. Agritech Development does not currently conduct any operations.

On July 17, 2013, Muliang Industry entered into an equity purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the outstanding equity of Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Zongbao”) with consideration of approximately $3.2 million or RMB 20 million, effectively becoming the wholly-owned subsidiary of Muliang Industry. Shanghai Zongbao was incorporated in Shanghai on January 25, 2008. Shanghai Zongbao processes and distributes organic fertilizers. Shanghai Zongbao wholly owns Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. Cangzhou Branch (“Zongbao Cangzhou”).

On August 21, 2014, Muliang Agricultural Limited (“Muliang HK”) was incorporated in Hong Kong as an investment holding company.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

January 27, 2015, Muliang HK incorporated a wholly foreign-owned enterprise, Shanghai Mufeng Investment Consulting Co., Ltd (“Shanghai Mufeng”), in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”).

On July 8, 2015, Muliang Viagoo entered into certain stock purchase agreement with Muliang HK, pursuant to which Muliang Viagoo, for a consideration of $5,000, acquired 100% interest in Muliang HK and its wholly-owned subsidiary Shanghai Mufeng. Both Muliang HK and Shanghai Mufeng are controlled by the Company’s sole officer and director, Lirong Wang.

On July 23, 2015, Muliang Industry established a wholly owned subsidiary, Shanghai Muliang Agricultural Sales Co., Ltd. (“Muliang Sales”) in Shanghai, China.

On September 3, 2015, Muliang Viagoo effected a split of its outstanding common stock resulting in an aggregate of 150,525,000 shares outstanding of which 120,000,000 were owned by Chenxi Shi, the founder of Muliang Viagoo and its sole officer and director. The remaining 30,525,000 were held by a total of 39 investors.

On January 11, 2016, Muliang Viagoo issued 129,475,000 shares of its common stock to Lirong Wang for an aggregate consideration of $64,737.50. On the same date, Chenxi Shi, the sole officer and director of Muliang Viagoo on that date, transferred 120,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company held by him to Lirong Wang for $800 pursuant to a transfer agreement.

On February 10, 2016, Shanghai Mufeng entered into a set of contractual agreements known as Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) Agreements, including (1) Exclusive Technical Consulting and Service Agreement, (2) Equity Pledge Agreement, and (3) Call Option Cooperation Agreement, with Muliang Industry, and its Principal Shareholders. As a result of the Stock Purchase Agreement and the set of VIE Agreements, Shanghai Muliang Industry Co., Ltd., along with its consolidated subsidiaries, became entities controlled by Muliang Viagoo, whereby Muliang Viagoo would derive all substantial economic benefit generated by Muliang Industry and its subsidiaries.

As a result, Muliang Viagoo has a direct wholly-owned subsidiary, Muliang HK and an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary Shanghai Mufeng. Through its VIE Agreements, Muliang Viagoo exercises control over Muliang Industry. Muliang Industry has two wholly-owned subsidiaries (Shanghai Zongbao and Muliang Sales), one 99% owned subsidiary (Fukang), one 60% owned subsidiary (Agritech Development), and one indirectly wholly owned subsidiary Zongbao Cangzhou.

On June 6, 2016, Muliang Industry established a wholly-owned subsidiary, namely, Muliang (Ningling) Bio-chemical Fertilizer Co. Ltd (“Ningling Fertilizer”) in Henan Province, the central plain of China. Ningling Fertilizer is setup for a new production line of bio-chemical fertilizer and has not begun any operation yet.

 On July 7, 2016, Muliang Industry established a subsidiary, namely, Zhonglian Huinong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd (“Zhonglian”) in Beijing City, China. Muliang Industry owns 65% shares of Zhonglian, and a third-party company, Zhongrui Huilian (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd owns the other 35% shares. Zhonglian is to develop and operate an online agricultural products trading platform.

On October 27, 2016, Muliang Industry established a subsidiary, namely, Yunnan Muliang Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd (“Yunnan Muliang”) in Yunnan Province, China. Muliang Industry owns 55% shares of Yunnan Muliang, and a third-party company, Shuangbai County Development Investment Co., Ltd. owns the other 45% shares. Yunnan Muliang was setup for the sales development of West China.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

On October 12, 2017, the Company canceled the registration of Ningling with the administration authorities for Industry and Commerce. Ningling has historically been reported as a component of our operations and incurred $33,323 to loss before income taxes provisions for the year ended December 31, 2017. The termination does not constitute a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations or financial results and as such, the termination is not classified as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements.

On June 19, 2020, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Viagoo Pte Ltd. and all the shareholders of Viagoo for the acquisition of 100% equity interest of Viagoo. Pursuant to the SEA, Muliang shall purchase from Viagoo Shareholders all of Viagoo Shareholder’s right, title and interest in and to the Viagoo’s capital stock. The aggregate purchase price for the Shares was US$2,830,800, paid in 1,011,000 shares of the Company’s restricted common stock, valued at $2.80 per share.

Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Shanghai Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, Agritech Development, Yunnan Muliang, Zhonglian, and Viagoo are referred to as subsidiaries. The Company and its consolidated subsidiaries are collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, “we” and “us”, unless specific reference is made to an entity.

On April 4, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors and majority shareholder approved a 5 to 1 reverse stock split of all of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, the change of corporate name from “Mullan Agritech Inc.” to “Muliang Viagoo Inc.”, and the creation of one hundred million (100,000,000) shares of Blank Check Preferred Stock.

On April 5, 2019, we filed a Certificate of Amendment to our Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada to reflect the Name Change and to authorize the creation of Blank Check Preferred Stock. As a result, the capital stock of the Company consists of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, and 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock, $0.0001 par value. To the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the State of Nevada, as the same now exists or may hereafter be amended or supplemented, the Board of Directors may fix and determine the designations, rights, preferences or other variations of each class or series within each class of preferred stock of the Company. The Company may issue the shares of stock for such consideration as may be fixed by the Board of Directors.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

On April 16, 2019, we filed a Certificate of Change to our Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada to reflect the reverse stock split. Any fractional shares are to be rounded up to whole shares. The reverse stock split does not affect the par value or the number of authorized shares of common stock of the Company.

The reverse stock split and the name change took effect on May 7, 2019. In connection with the name change, our stock symbol changed to “MULG”.

On June 19, 2020, Muliang Agritech Inc. entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Viagoo Pte Ltd. (“Viagoo”) and all the shareholders of Viagoo for the acquisition of 100% equity interest of Viagoo.

On June 26, 2020, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of the State of the State of Nevada, changing its name from “Muliang Agritech, Inc.” to “Muliang Viagoo Technology, Inc.”

Viagoo is a Singapore-based logistics sharing platform that enables shippers and carriers to share and optimize resources to lower cost and increase efficiency. From last mile delivery to cross border transportation, the platform provides digital transaction contracts for customers to source for service providers to deliver goods and services in a convenient manner. Viagoo partners with various Singapore agencies to promote the platform to support urban logistics need in Singapore, such as Enterprise Singapore, a government agency to support Singapore small and medium businesses, and Singapore Logistics Association.

Pursuant to the SEA, Muliang shall purchase from Viagoo Shareholders all of Viagoo Shareholder’s right, title and interest in and to the Viagoo’s capital stock. The aggregate purchase price for the Shares was US$2,830,800, paid in 1,011,000 shares of the Company’s restricted common stock, valued at $2.80 per share. The Company recognized $673,278 in goodwill as result of this transaction.

Management determined that the results of operations of Viagoo from June 19, 2020 to June 30, 2020 were not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations, and as a result has excluded them from the Company’s consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the six months end June 30, 2020.

Muliang Agritech, Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Shanghai Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, Agritech Development, Yunnan Muliang, Zhonglian, and Viagoo are referred to as subsidiaries. The Company and its consolidated subsidiaries are collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, “we” and “us”, unless specific reference is made to an entity.

The consolidated financial statements were prepared assuming that the Company has controlled Muliang HK and its intermediary holding companies, operating subsidiaries, and variable interest entities: Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Shanghai Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, Heilongjiang, and Agritech Development, from the first period presented. The transactions detailed above have been accounted for as reverse takeover transaction and a recapitalization of the Company; accordingly, the Company (the legal acquirer) is considered the accounting acquiree and Muliang HK (the legal acquiree) is considered the accounting acquirer. No goodwill has been recorded for these transactions. As a result of this transaction, the Company is deemed to be a continuation of the business of Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, and Muliang Industry.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Liquidity and Going Concern

As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we had net income of $260,504 and net loss of $256,729 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Our cash balances as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were $1,208,454 and $348,834, respectively. We had current liabilities of $17,177,944 and $21,161,217 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, which would be due within the next 12 months. In addition, we had a net current assets (working capital) of $5,352,319 and $5,145,436 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

According to the normal operation, the company does not have problems with business sustainability. But the new covid-19 pandemic from the beginning of 2020 has a great impact on the company’s operation. In 2020, the company’s sales had declined, and the recovery of accounts receivable was slow. As a result, we have taken the following measures :(1) while actively opening up new markets and new customers, we have increased the collection of accounts receivable and strive to control the turnover days of accounts receivable to be within 90 days at the middle of 2021;(2) in April 2021, the company will complete the disposal of Shanghai industrial land transfer transaction and pay off all loans.

Because the company is gradually recovering the accounts receivables affected by the Covid-19, and the sales are gradually returning to the normal level, the company’s current cash revenue and expenditure are normal, which did not affect the normal operation. Now after Covid-19, the company has no problems with business sustainability. IPO financing will be used for new investments to expand the operating scale and does not affect the existing operating scale.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with US GAAP. The basis of accounting differs from that used in the statutory accounts of the Company, which are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles of the PRC (“PRC GAAP”). The differences between US GAAP and PRC GAAP have been adjusted in these consolidated financial statements. The Company’s functional currency is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”); however, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated and presented in United States Dollars (“USD”).

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) applicable to interim financial information and the requirements of Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosure required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods have been included. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, as not all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles for annual financial statements are presented. The interim financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of computations as the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accordingly, actual results may differ from these estimates. Significant estimates include the useful lives of property and equipment, land use rights, assumptions used in assessing collectability of receivables and impairment for long-term assets.

Principles of Consolidation

Muliang Viagoo consolidates the following entities, including wholly-owned subsidiaries, Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Viagoo, and its wholly controlled variable interest entities, Muliang Industry, and Zhongbao, 60% controlled Agritech Development, 99% controlled Fukang, 65% controlled Zhonglian, 80% controlled Yunnan Muliang and 51% controlled Heilongjiang. The 40% equity interest holder of Agritech Development, 1% equity interest holders in Fukang, 35% equity interest holders in Zhonglian, 20% interest in Yunnan Muliang and 49% equity interest in Heilongjiang are accounted as non-controlling interest in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

The variable interest entities consolidated for which the Company is deemed the primary beneficiary. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less and money market accounts to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash with various financial institutions.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses. The Company reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. In evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balances, the Company considers many factors, including the age of the balance, a customer’s historical payment history, its current credit-worthiness and current economic trends. Accounts are written off after exhaustive efforts at collection.

Inventories

Inventories, consisting of raw materials, work in process and finished goods related to the Company’s products are stated at the lower of cost or market utilizing the weighted average method.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Plant and equipment are carried at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The cost of repairs and maintenance is expensed as incurred; major replacements and improvements are capitalized. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in income in the year of disposition. The Company examines the possibility of decreases in the value of fixed assets when events or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable.

Included in property and equipment is construction-in-progress which consisted of factory improvements and machinery pending installation and includes the costs of construction, machinery and equipment, and any interest charges arising from borrowings used to finance these assets during the period of construction or installation of the assets. No provision for depreciation is made on construction-in-progress until such time as the relevant assets are completed and ready for their intended use.

Estimated useful lives of the Company’s assets are as follows:

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

The apple orchard includes rental of an apple farm, labor cost, fertilizers, apple seeds, apple seedlings and others. The costs to purchase and cultivate apple trees and the expenditures related to labor and materials to plant apple trees until they become commercially productive are capitalized, which require a two-year period. The estimated production life for apple tree is 10 years, and the costs are depreciated without a residual value. Expenses incurred maintaining apple trees during the growth cycle until seedling apple trees or grafted varieties are fruited are capitalized into inventory and included in Work in Process—apple orchard, a component of inventories.

Depreciation expenses pertaining to apple trees will be included in inventory costs for those apples to be sold and ultimately become a component of cost of goods sold. Similar to other assets, the failure of our apple trees to be serviceable over the entirety of their anticipated useful lives or to be sold at their anticipated residual value will negatively impact our operating results.

Intangible Assets

Included in the intangible assets are land use rights. According to the laws of the PRC, the government owns all the land in the PRC. Companies or individuals are authorized to possess and use the land only through land use rights granted by the Chinese government. Intangible assets are being amortized using the straight-line method over their lease terms or estimated useful life.

Estimated useful lives of the Company’s intangible assets are as follows:

The Company carries intangible assets at cost less accumulated amortization. In accordance with US GAAP, the Company examines the possibility of decreases in the value of intangible assets when events or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable. The Company computes amortization using the straight-line method over estimated useful life of 50 years for the land use rights.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

In accordance with ASC Topic 360, the Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable, or at least annually. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the sum of expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. The amount of impairment is measured as the difference between the asset’s estimated fair value and its book value. The Company recorded no impairment charge for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Advances from Customers

Advances from customers consist of prepayments from customers for merchandise that had not yet been shipped. The Company will recognize the deposits as revenue as customers take delivery of the goods and title to the assets is transferred to customers in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policy.

Non-controlling Interest

Non-controlling interests in the Company’s subsidiaries are recorded in accordance with the provisions of ASC 810 and are reported as a component of equity, separate from the parent’s equity. Purchase or sale of equity interests that do not result in a change of control are accounted for as equity transactions. Results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interest are included in our consolidated results of operations and, upon loss of control, the interest sold, as well as interest retained, if any, will be reported at fair value with any gain or loss recognized in earnings.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method. Results for the reporting period beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under Topic 605.

Management has determined that the adoption of ASC 606 did not impact the Company’s previously reported financial statements in any prior period nor did it result in a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings.

Revenue for sale of products is derived from contracts with customers, which primarily include the sale of fertilizer products and environmental protection equipment. The Company’s sales arrangements do not contain variable consideration. The Company recognizes revenue at a point in time based on management’s evaluation of when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with the customer are satisfied and control of the products has been transferred to the customer. For vast majority of the Company’s product sales, the performance obligations and control of the products transfer to the customer when products are delivered, and customer acceptance is made.

Revenue for logistics-related service is derived from Viagoo subsidiaries. Through an online service platform, the company provides the operation management service to support customers. For VTM service, revenue is charged to carriers based on certain percentage of the freight charges. For VES service, revenue is recognized based on monthly subscription by vehicles and by users. For system integration service, revenue is recognized over time based on the progress of project and annual maintenance service.

Pursuant to the guidance of ASC Topic 840, rent shall be reported as income by lessors over the lease term as it becomes receivable. The Company currently leased part of the building of the Shanghai new plant to third parties as warehouse. The Company recognizes building leasing revenue over the beneficial period described by the agreement, as the revenue is realized or realizable and earned. 

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales consists primarily of raw materials, utility and supply costs consumed in the manufacturing process, manufacturing labor, depreciation expense and direct overhead expenses necessary to manufacture finished goods as well as warehousing and distribution costs such as inbound freight charges, shipping and handling costs, purchasing and receiving costs.

MULIANG VIAGOO TECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of Section 740-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which is an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements or tax returns.

The Company is subject to the Enterprise Income Tax law (“EIT”) of the People’s Republic of China. The Company’s operations in producing and selling fertilizers are subject to the 25% enterprise income tax.

Related Parties

Parties are related to the Company if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. The Company discloses all related party transactions.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) comprised of net income (loss) and all changes to the statements of stockholders’ equity, except those due to investments by stockholders, changes in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders. The Company’s comprehensive income (loss) consist of net income (loss) and unrealized gains from foreign currency translation adjustments.

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company’s functional currency is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”); however, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated and presented in United States Dollars (“USD”). Results of operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the period, assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate at the end of the period, and equity is translated at historical exchange rates. As a result, amounts relating to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows may not necessarily agree with the changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining comprehensive income/loss. The translation adjustment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was loss of $47,810 and loss of $172,844, respectively. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date with any transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.

All of the Company’s revenue transactions are transacted in the functional currency. The Company does not enter into any material transaction in foreign currencies. Transaction gains or losses have not had, and are not expected to have, a material effect on the results of operations of the Company.

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NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

For business in China, asset and liability accounts at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were translated at 6.5392 RMB to $1 USD and 6.5277 RMB to $1 USD, respectively, which were the exchange rates on the balance sheet dates. The average translation rates applied to the statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were 6.5335 RMB and 7.0106 RMB to $1 USD, respectively.

For business in Singapore, asset and liability accounts at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was translated at 1.3472 SGD to $1 USD and 1.3217 SGD to $1 USD respectively. The average translation rates applied to the statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was 1.3355 SGD to $1 USD.

Earnings (Loss) per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential of shares of common stock outstanding during the period including stock options or warrants, using the treasury stock method (by using the average stock price for the period to determine the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants), and convertible debt or convertible preferred stock, using the if-converted method. Earnings per share excludes all potential dilutive shares of common stock if their effect is anti-dilutive. There were no potential dilutive securities at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company adopted the guidance of ASC Topic 820 for fair value measurements which clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1 - Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities available at the measurement date.

Level 2 - Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 - Inputs are unobservable inputs which reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions on what assumptions the market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best available information.

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, inventories, advances to suppliers, prepaid expenses, short-term loans, accounts payable, accrued expenses, advances from customers, VAT and service taxes payable and income taxes payable approximate their fair market value based on the short-term maturity of these instruments.

ASC Topic 825-10 “Financial Instruments” allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable, unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to any outstanding instruments.  

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NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

The following table summarizes the carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments:

Government Contribution Plan

Pursuant to the laws applicable to PRC law, the Company is required to participate in a government-mandated multi-employer defined contribution plan pursuant to which certain retirement, medical and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. Chinese labor regulations require the Company to pay to the local labor bureau a monthly contribution at a stated contribution rate based on the monthly basic compensation of qualified employees. The relevant local labor bureau is responsible for meeting all retirement benefit obligations; the Company has no further commitments beyond its monthly contribution.

Statutory Reserve

Pursuant to the laws applicable to the PRC, the Company must make appropriations from after-tax profit to the non-distributable “statutory surplus reserve fund”. Subject to certain cumulative limits, the “statutory surplus reserve fund” requires annual appropriations of 10% of after-tax profit until the aggregated appropriations reach 50% of the registered capital (as determined under accounting principles generally accepted in the PRC (“PRC GAAP”) at each year-end). For foreign invested enterprises and joint ventures in the PRC, annual appropriations should be made to the “reserve fund”. For foreign invested enterprises, the annual appropriation for the “reserve fund” cannot be less than 10% of after-tax profits until the aggregated appropriations reach 50% of the registered capital (as determined under PRC GAAP at each year-end). If the Company has accumulated loss from prior periods, the Company is able to use the current period net income after tax to offset against the accumulate loss.

Segment Information

The standard, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” codified with ASC-280, requires certain financial and supplementary information to be disclosed on an annual and interim basis for each reportable segment of an enterprise. The Company believes that it operates in three business segments of which two are geographically located in China, and one in Singapore.

Recent Accounting Pronouncement

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02 (ASU 2016-02) “Leases (Topic 842)”. ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. For finance leases, a lessee is required to do the following:

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NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

For operating leases, a lessee is required to do the following:

In July 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-11 (ASU 2018-11), which amends ASC 842 so that entities may elect not to recast their comparative periods in transition (the “Comparatives Under 840 Option”). ASU 2018-11 allows entities to change their date of initial application to the beginning of the period of adoption. In doing so, entities would:

In addition, the FASB also issued a series of amendments to ASU 2016-02 that address the transition methods available and clarify the guidance for lessor costs and other aspects of the new lease standard.

The management has reviewed the accounting pronouncements and adopted the new standard on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method of adoption.

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NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU provides an exception to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. This update also (1) requires an entity to recognize a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income as an income-based tax and account for any incremental amount incurred as a non-income-based tax, (2) requires an entity to evaluate when a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill should be considered part of the business combination in which goodwill was originally recognized for accounting purposes and when it should be considered a separate transaction, and (3) requires that an entity reflect the effect of an enacted change in tax laws or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation in the interim period that includes the enactment date. The standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), – Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement,” which makes a number of changes meant to add, modify or remove certain disclosure requirements associated with the movement amongst or hierarchy associated with Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this Update modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements based on the concepts in FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting—Chapter 8: Notes to Financial Statements, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impacts of ASU 2018-13 on its consolidated financial statements.

The Company believes that there were no other accounting standards recently issued that had or are expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

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NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 3 – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

The Company reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. After evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balances, the Company did not recognize bad debt allowance for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The allowance balance as of March 31, 2021 was carried forward from prior period.

The novel coronavirus epidemic that began in the PRC at the beginning of 2020 has significantly impacted the operation of customers, resulting in delays in collecting outstanding receivables as of March 31, 2021. As of the date of this report, a majority of the Company’s customers have resumed normal operations.

NOTE 4 – INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following:

The Company did not recognize loss from inventory impairment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

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NOTE 5 – OTHER RECEIVABLE

The other receivable balance of $10,664,536 at March 31, 2021 mainly represents the receivable in escrow account administered by the court in the amount of $10,636,484 which is the consideration of the disposal of the land use right and the related building located in Shanghai City.

NOTE 6 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consisted of:

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, depreciation expense amounted to $105,258 and $169,420, respectively. Depreciation is not taken during the period of construction or equipment installation. Upon completion of the installation of manufacturing equipment or any construction in progress, construction in progress balances will be classified to their respective property and equipment category.

The construction in progress of $1,895,993 represents the investment of a black goat processing plant located in Shuangbai County, Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province, PRC.

NOTE 7 – RIGHT OF USE ASSETS

The total balance of $1,413,598 as of March 31, 2021 represents the net value of two industrial land use rights located in Weihai City, Shandong Province, and Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province. The total cost of land use rights is $1,552,612 and the accumulated amortization is $139,014.

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NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 8 – DEFERRED TAX ASSETS, NET

The components of the deferred tax assets are as follows:

Deferred taxation is calculated under the liability method in respect of taxation effect arising from all timing differences, which are expected with reasonable probability to realize in the foreseeable future. The Company’s subsidiary registered in the PRC is subject to income taxes within the PRC at the applicable tax rate.

NOTE 9 – LOANS PAYABLE

As of March 31, 2021, current portion of long-term loans refers to $4,563,377 due to Agricultural Bank of China (“ABC”), which is collateralized with land use rights and guaranteed by Mr. Lirong Wang, the CEO.  

The Company has been in “default” with the loan payable to ABC. The bank has taken legal action against the Company and on April 26, 2020, the bank has been awarded a judgment by the PRC courts for $5,609,770 (RMB 36,683,409). This amount has be settled in April 2021 upon completion of the auction sale of the collateralized land use right and related building in Shanghai city.

The loan agreement was entered into between Agricultural Bank of China (“ABC”) and one of our VIEs Shanghai Zongbao Environment Company Engineering Co., Ltd. (“Zongbao”) on October 29, 2014 (the “Loan Agreement”) for a total loan amount of RMB 45 Million (approximately US$6.43 million) at a floating interest rate of 20% premium to the base rate published by the People’s Bank of China for loans of the same tenure and same loan grade per annum (the “Loan”). The loan was given as part of a project financing for the construction of production facility and the development of our fertilizer business. Pursuant to the Loan Agreement, Zongbao was obligated to make repayments based on the following schedule:

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Zongbo repaid the loan as scheduled through September 30, 2017 (total RMB 10 Million). However, a local government policy was later implemented in the Industrial Park where the Company’s then newly-built facility is located. Because the Industrial Park shifted its focus to concentrate on businesses relating to food production, machinery and renewable energy, Company’s organic fertilizer business was not permitted. It is very common for China and large cities such as Shanghai to implement such sudden policy change to promote the development of industrial park characteristics. Because of this regulatory change and Company’s inability to satisfy the use of proceeds based on the new policy, Agricultural Bank of China initiated on the “default” of the Loan Agreement and commenced legal action against Zongbao and its guarantors on January 18, 2018 to demand early repayment of the remaining RMB 35 Million. In addition, as a condition of the loan, if the borrower fails to repay the principal of the loan within the time limit specified in the contract, the interest on the overdue loan will rise by 50%. If the borrower’s default causes the creditor to resort to litigation and other methods to realize the creditor’s rights, the lender’s attorney fees, travel expenses, and other enforcement fees shall be borne by the borrower.

The land and production facility of Zongbao was collateralized to secure the loan. In addition, the Loan Agreement was guaranteed personally by Mr. Lirong Wang (as the legal representative) and affiliated entities, Shanghai Muliang Industrial Co., Ltd., and Weihai Fukang Biological Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Weihai Fukang”). It is a common practice in China for the banks to demand a personal guarantee for these types of financing. See Note 16 for further information.

As of March 31, 2021, the amount of $278,322 represents the long-term loan owed to Ms. Hui Song. The amount owed to Ms. Hui Song is non-interest bearing, unsecured, and is expected to be due more than one year afterward.

Long-term loan and current portion of long-term loan consisted of the following: 

As of March 31, 2021, the Company’s future loan obligations according to the terms of the loan agreement are as follows:

The Company recognized interest expenses of $16,838 and $98,623 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 10 – STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY

Authorized Stock

The Company has authorized 500,000,000 common shares with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Each common share entitles the holder to one vote, in person or proxy, on any matter on which action of the stockholders of the corporation is sought.

On April 5, 2019, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to our Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada to reflect the creation of Blank Check Preferred Stock. As a result, the capital stock of the Company consisted of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, and 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock after the filling.

On October 30, 2019, 30,000,000 shares were designated to be Series A Preferred Stock out of the 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock.

Common Share Issuances

On June 29, 2018, the outstanding amount $326,348 due to Mr. Wang, CEO and Chairman of the Company, were converted into 43,200 shares of Common Shares at $ 7.55 per share.

On June 29, 2018 the Company issued 298,518 common shares of the Company at $7.55 for proceeds of $2,255,111 to Mr. Wang, CEO and Chairman of the Company.

On April 4, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors and majority shareholder approved a 5 to 1 reverse stock split of all of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”). No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued as a result of the reverse stock split. The Stock Split does not affect the par value or the number of authorized shares of common stock of the Company.

On April 16, 2019, the Company filed a Certificate of Change to our Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada to reflect the Reverse stock Split. The reverse stock split took effect on May 7, 2019 The common shares outstanding have been retroactively restated to reflect the reverse stock split.

On October 10, 2019 and November 1, 2019, the Company issued a total of 19,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock to Mr. Wang, the CEO and Chairman of the Company, in exchange for 19,000,000 shares of common stock beneficially owned by him. Following the transaction, 19,000,000 shares of common stock were cancelled and returned to treasury.

On June 19, 2020, Muliang Viagoo Technology Inc. entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Viagoo Pte Ltd. (“Viagoo”) and all the shareholders of Viagoo for the acquisition of 100% equity interest of Viagoo.

Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, Muliang shall purchase from Viagoo Shareholders all of Viagoo Shareholder’s right, title and interest in and to the Viagoo’s capital stock. The aggregate purchase price for the Shares was US$2,830,800, paid in 1,011,000 shares of the Company’s restricted common stock, valued at $2.80 per share.

On June 28, 2020, the Company issued 50,000 of restricted common stock as the compensation for Shaw Cheng “David” Chong, the new Chief Financial Officer of the Company.

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NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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NOTE 10 – STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (CONTINUED)

On December 29, 2020, the Company issued 100,000 of restricted common stock to two investors for US$280,000 valued at $2.80 per share.

As of the date of this report, there were 38,502,954 shares of common stock outstanding.

Blank Check Preferred Stock

On April 4, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors and majority shareholder approved creation of one hundred million (100,000,000) shares of Blank Check Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value. To the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the State of Nevada, as the same now exists or may hereafter be amended or supplemented, the Board of Directors may fix and determine the designations, rights, preferences or other variations of each class or series within each class of preferred stock of the Company. The Company may issue the shares of stock for such consideration as may be fixed by the Board of Directors.

On April 5, 2019, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada to authorize the creation of Blank Check Preferred Stock.

On October 30, 2019, 30,000,000 shares were designated to be Series A Preferred Stock out of the 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock.

Series A Preferred Stock

On October 30, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors and majority shareholder approved to designate 30,000,000 shares as Series A Preferred Stock out of the 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock, which the preferences and relative and other rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, shall be set forth in the discussion below under the “Series A Preferred Stock”. A certificate of designation for the Series A Preferred Stock was filed with the Secretary of the State of the State of Nevada on October 30, 2019.

The holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to receive dividends of any kind.

The Series A Preferred Stock shall not be subject to conversion into Common Stock or other equity authorized to be issued by the Corporation.

The holders of the issued and outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have voting rights equal to ten (10) shares of Common Stock for each share of Series A Preferred Stock.

On November 1, 2019, the Company issued a total of 19,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock to Mr. Wang, the CEO and Chairman of the Company, in exchange for 19,000,000 shares of common stock beneficially owned by him. Following the transaction, 19,000,000 shares of common stock were cancelled and returned to treasury.

As of the filling date, there were 19,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued outstanding.

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NOTES OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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NOTE 11 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

*Due from related parties

The due from related parties balance of $1,136,675 represents the receivable from Mr. Lirong Wang, the CEO and Chairman of the Company, which includes payable balance of $508,814 and receivable balance of $1,645,489.

The payable balance of $508,814 represents the amount paid to the Company by Mr. Lirong Wang. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company borrowed $320,604 from Mr. Lirong Wang, and repaid $257,451.

The receivable balance of $1,645,489 related to the sold Land use right and Fixed assets for the repayment of debts to Shanghai Zhongta Construction and Engineering Co., Ltd.. The Company has not received the repayment amount as of March 31, 2021, and recorded as receivable from Mr. Lirong Wang.

*Due to related parties

Outstanding balance due to Ms. Xueying Sheng and Mr. Guohua Lin below are advances to the Company as working capital. These advances are due on demand, non-interest bearing, and unsecured, unless further disclosed.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company borrowed $3,061 from Mr. Guohua Lin, and repaid $4,863. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company borrowed $4,992 from Mr. Guohua Lin, and repaid $157.  

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company borrowed $3,439 from Ms. Xueying Sheng and repaid $2,088. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company borrowed $0 from Ms. Xueying Sheng and repaid $1,146.

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NOTE 12 – CONCENTRATIONS

Customer Concentrations

The following table sets forth information as to each customer that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Supplier Concentrations

The following table sets forth information as to each supplier that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s purchase for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Credit Risks

The Company’s operations are carried out in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environment in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC’s economy. The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and trade accounts receivable. Substantially all of the Company’s cash is maintained with state-owned banks within the PRC, and none of these deposits are covered by insurance. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts. A significant portion of the Company’s sales are credit sales which are primarily to customers whose ability to pay is dependent upon the industry economics prevailing in these areas; however, concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivables is limited due to generally short payment terms. The Company also performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers to help further reduce credit risk. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash balances by geographic area were as follows:

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(Unaudited)

NOTE 13 – INCOME TAXES

United States

Muliang Viagoo is established in the State of Nevada in the United States and is subject to Nevada State and US Federal tax laws. Muliang Viagoo has approximately $102,000 of unused net operating losses (“NOLs”) available for carrying forward to future years for U.S. federal income tax reporting purposes. The benefit from the carry forward of such NOLs will begin expiring during the year ended December 31, 2034. Because United States tax laws limit the time during which NOL carry forwards may be applied against future taxable income, the Company may be unable to take full advantage of its NOLs for federal income tax purposes should the Company generate taxable income. Further, the benefit from utilization of NOL carry forwards could be subject to limitations due to material ownership changes that could occur in the Company as it continues to raise additional capital. Based on such limitations, the Company has significant NOLs for which realization of tax benefits is uncertain.

On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) resulting in significant modifications to existing law. The Company has considered the accounting impact of the effects of the Act during the year ended December 31, 2018 including a reduction in the corporate tax rate from 34% to 21% among other changes.

Hong Kong

Muliang HK is established in Hong Kong and its income is subject to a 16.5% profit tax rate for income sourced within the Special Administrative Region. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, Muliang HK did not earn any income derived in Hong Kong, and therefore was not subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax.

Singapore

Viagoo is incorporated in Singapore where tax is levied on profits at rate of 17.0%. Singapore uses a territorial tax system. Post-tax profit distributions (i.e. dividends) to shareholders are tax-free. Singapore does not tax on capital gains.

China, PRC

Shanghai Mufeng and its subsidiaries Muliang Industry, Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, Agritech Development, Zhongliang, Heilongjiang and Yunnan Muliang are established in China and its income is subject to income tax rate of 25%.

The reconciliation of effective income tax rate as follows:

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NOTE 13 – INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

The tax authority of the PRC government conducts periodic and ad hoc tax filing reviews on business enterprises operating in the PRC after those enterprises complete their relevant tax filings. Therefore, the Company’s PRC entities’ tax filings results are subject to change. It is therefore uncertain as to whether the PRC tax authority may take different views about the Company’s PRC entities’ tax filings, which may lead to additional tax liabilities.

ASC 740 requires recognition and measurement of uncertain income tax positions using a “more-likely-than-not” approach. The management evaluated the Company’s tax positions and concluded that no provision for uncertainty in income taxes was necessary as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The provision for income taxes consists of the following:

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NOTE 14 – BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The revenues and cost of goods sold from operation consist of the following:

NOTE 15 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

The Company sold its industrial land and buildings in Shanghai through an administratively organized private sale before the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. Through the sale, the Company has cleared all liens and legal claims attached to its subsidiary Zongbao and improve its cash position. The Company has completed the sale in April 2021.

The Company entered into certain term sheet with a non-U.S. investor pursuant to which the Company has agreed to issue to the investor a convertible note in the amount of RMB 1,500,000. The Company expects to enter into definitive agreements and close the offering with the investor during the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

The Company has evaluated subsequent events that have occurred after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued. Based on this evaluation, the Company concluded that subsequent to March 31, 2021 but prior to May 17, 2021, the date the financial statements were available to be issued, there was no subsequent event that would require disclosure to or adjustment to the financial statements other than the ones disclosed above.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should also be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes to those financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements relating to future events or our future performance. Actual results may materially differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain risks and uncertainties set forth in this report. Although management believes that the assumptions made and expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, there is no assurance that the underlying assumptions will, in fact, prove to be correct or that actual results will not be different from expectations expressed in this report.

Business Overview

Through our patented technology, we process crop straw (including corn, rice, wheat, cotton, and other crops) into high quality organic nutritious fertilizers that are easily absorbed by crops in three hours. Straws are common agricultural by-products. In PRC, farmers usually remove the straw stubble that are remains after grains, by burning them in order to continue farming on the same land. These activities have resulted in significant air pollution, and they damage the surface structure of the soil with loss of nutrients. We turn waste into treasure by transforming the straws into organic fertilizer, which also effectively reduces air pollution. The straw organic fertilizer we produce does not contain the heavy metals, antibiotics and harmful bacteria that are common in the traditional manure fertilizer. Our fertilizers also provide optimum levels of primary plant nutrients, including multi-minerals, proteins and carbohydrates that promote the healthiest soils capable of growing the healthy crops and vegetables. It can effectively reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides as well as reduce the penetration of large chemical fertilizers and pesticides into the soil, thus avoiding water pollution. Therefore, our fertilizer can effectively improve the fertility of soil, and the quality and safety of agricultural products.

We generated our revenue mainly from our organic fertilizers, which accounted for approximately 95.82% and 94.5% of our total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We currently have two integrated factories in Weihai City, Shandong Province, PRC to produce our organic fertilizers, which have been in operations since August 2015. We plan to improve the technology for our existing straw organic fertilizer production lines in the following aspects: (i) adopt more advanced automatic control technology for raw material feed to shorten the processing time of raw material, and (ii) manufacture powdered organic fertilizer instead of granular organic fertilizer production in order to avoid the drying and cooling process, as such will increase our production capacity.

With the focus of producing organic fertilizers, we also engage in the business of selling agriculture food products including apples, and as a sales agent for other large agriculture companies in the PRC. In 2014, we rented 350 mu (about 57.66 acres) of mountainous land as an apple orchard. The sales of apples generated less than 1% of our total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. We expect to generate more revenues from the sales of apples as the apple orchards become more mature in the next few years.

In addition, we plan to engage in the processing and distribution of black goat products, with business commencing in June 2021. We are currently constructing a deep-processing slaughterhouse and processing plant which is expected to have the capacity of slaughtering 200,000 black goats per year in Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province, in China. Our black goat processing products including goat rib lets, goat loin roast, goat loin chops, goat rack, goat leg, goat shoulder, goat leg shanks, ground goat, goat stew meat, whole goat, half goat, lamb viscera, etc. We expect to start generating revenue from the black goat products in 2021.

Our 42,895 square meters of industrial land and 28,549 square meters of factory and office space located in Jinshan District, Shanghai are to be sold to the highest bidder for RMB 74.52 Million (US$11.42 million), and the buyer’s funds have been placed in escrow administered by the court. Our assets includes (i) 22,511 square meters of industrial land and 10,373 square meters of plant area and straw organic fertilizer production line in Weihai City, Shandong Province, and (ii) more than $2 million investment of land use right and the black goat slaughtering and processing plant located in Shuangbai County, Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province, China.

As the factory area in Jinshan District, Shanghai City is too close to the urban area to produce straw organic fertilizer, some factory buildings, office buildings and spare land in Jinshan District, Shanghai City, have been leased to third parties. In August, 2020, the land use right and building of this factory was listed on Taobao’s online auction platform for sale by the Shanghai Jinshan People’s Court. The sale price achieved after competitive biddings was RMB 74,515,000 (approximately $10.8 million). Based on this, we have entered into a settlement agreement with the lienholders of the property and expect to clear all liens and legal claims attached to our subsidiary Shanghai Zongbao to improve our cash position. We plan to use the remaining sales proceeds for general working capital needs. The manufacturing base for the project of Shanghai Zongbao has already been relocated to our property in Weihai and therefore the sale of the land use rights and building facility will have no material adverse impact on our operations.

Viagoo Solutions

Viagoo logistic platform aims to provide a solution for shippers to easily optimise the logistics resources by either listing their assets in the platform for other shippers to book or request the logistic services via the platform. The flexible sharing model ensures shippers and carriers to be able to get the best deals so as to reduce the cost by maximizing utilization of the unused resources.

Viagoo platform provides full online tracking, route optimization and capacity planning options to help the carriers efficiently manage their operations. Using Internet of Things (IOT), GPS, mobile integration, document and data integration services, Viagoo platform is able to empower shippers and carriers with an up to date digital platform to support their digital transformations. With a ready Application Programming Interface (API) to various eCommerce platforms, shippers and carriers are able to plan their digital strategies and grow their businesses.

Viagoo platform is built on a secured cloud environment that has been tested and approved by some key corporate users in healthcare as well as logistics sectors. With advanced technology in plan, Viagoo is seeking investments to expand the digital capability particularly in the area of Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, blockchain in transaction handling, data analytics in resource distribution and cold chain management. Also, using document automation and data integration technologies, Viagoo platform will offer value added services such as insurance on the go, vehicle lease financing, link up to rest stop, fuel, vehicle workshop services.

The acquisition of Viagoo Pte Ltd, a Singapore based online logistic platform, will enable the Muliang group of companies to optimize the transport logistics to lower the cost of delivery and increase the efficiency. The platform will connect truck drivers to Muliang and provide end to end tracking of delivery status. With this platform, it is expected to reduce delivery costs by 30%.

Viagoo platform is expected to be opened to the China market where other companies and merchants can book delivery services and transporters can sign on to list and provide their services. Development work has begun in August 2020 to provide localization and support for map and address services in China. The development and testing are expected to be completed in February 2021 and ready for launch in April 2021.

Viagoo Business Model

Viagoo business model has 3 main revenue streams.

Viagoo Transport Marketplace (VTM) – This is the transaction platform for shippers and carriers to list and accept delivery jobs. The platform provides sharing functions where a group of shippers can share the transport fleet to some common places (e.g. shopping malls in the city). This service will reduce the waiting time and fuels and resulting in huge cost savings.

VTM is charged to carriers based on certain percentage of the freight charges. Other add-on services like online insurance, rest stop services will be a percentage charged to the service providers.

Viagoo Enterprise Services (VES) - is a cloud base service that provides the operation management to support the Transport and Logistics team. With the use of the various modules, carrier’s transport management is able to greatly optimised the resources and achieve higher efficiency.

VES is charged based on a monthly subscription by vehicles and by users. It is integrated with VTM and jobs received via VTM can be assigned and tracked automatically by VES.

Enterprise Systems – This is a project based system integration. The enterprise system is charged based on project price and annual maintenance service fees. As Viagoo smart logistics platform gains acceptance in local markets, we expect business opportunities to arise for us to custom build enterprise solutions in the healthcare as well as logistics sectors. For example, Parkway Pantai Singapore is using us to custom build the online logistic job assignment and tracking of lab sample collection / delivery between clinics / hospitals and lab. This is to facilitate efficient deployment of the delivery resources and to ensure compliance is achieved in a tightly controlled fashion.

Recent Development

The Company sold its industrial land and office space in Shanghai through an administratively organized private sale by the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. Through the sale, the Company is able to clear all liens and legal claims attached to its subsidiary Zongbao and improve its cash position. The Company has completed the sale by April 2021.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We evaluate, on an on-going basis, our estimates for reasonableness as changes occur in our business environment. We base our estimates on experience, the use of independent third-party specialists, and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments, estimates and uncertainties, and potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We believe the following are our critical accounting policies:

Basis of Presentation

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP.

Principles of Consolidation

Muliang Viagoo consolidates the following entities, including wholly-owned subsidiaries, Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Viagoo, and its wholly controlled variable interest entities, Muliang Industry, and Zhongbao, 60% controlled Agritech Development, 99% controlled Fukang, 65% controlled Zhonglian, 80% controlled Yunnan Muliang and 51% controlled Heilongjiang. The 40% equity interest holder of Agritech Development, 1% equity interest holders in Fukang, 35% equity interest holders in Zhonglian, 20% interest in Yunnan Muliang and 49% equity interest in Heilongjiang are accounted as non-controlling interest in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The variable interest entities consolidated for which the Company is deemed the primary beneficiary. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

In preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates, required by management, include the recoverability of long-lived assets and the valuation of inventories. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Accounts Receivable

We state accounts receivable at cost, net of allowance for doubtful accounts. Based on our past experience and current practice in the PRC, management provides for an 100% allowance for doubtful accounts equivalent to those accounts that are not collected within one year, and 50% for receivables outstanding for longer than six months. It is management’s belief that the current bad debt allowance adequately reflects an appropriate estimate based on management’s judgment.

Inventory Valuation

We value our fertilizer inventories at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted average basis, and net realizable value (the estimated market price). Substantially all inventory expenses, packaging and supplies are valued by the weighted average method.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method. Results for the reporting period beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under Topic 605.

Management has determined that the adoption of ASC 606 did not impact the Company’s previously reported financial statements in any prior period nor did it result in a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings.

Revenue for sale of products is derived from contracts with customers, which primarily include the sale of fertilizer products and environmental protection equipment. The Company’s sales arrangements do not contain variable consideration. The Company recognizes revenue at a point in time based on management’s evaluation of when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with the customer are satisfied and control of the products has been transferred to the customer. For vast majority of the Company’s product sales, the performance obligations and control of the products transfer to the customer when products are delivered, and customer acceptance is made.

Revenue for logistics-related service is derived from Viagoo subsidiaries. Through an online service platform, the company provides the operation management service to support customers. For VTM service, revenue is charged to carriers based on certain percentage of the freight charges. For VES service, revenue is recognized based on monthly subscription by vehicles and by users. For system integration service, revenue is recognized over time based on the progress of project and annual maintenance service.

Pursuant to the guidance of ASC Topic 840, rent shall be reported as income by lessors over the lease term as it becomes receivable. The Company currently leased part of the building of the Shanghai new plant to third parties as warehouse. The Company recognizes building leasing revenue over the beneficial period described by the agreement, as the revenue is realized or realizable and earned. 

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of Section 740-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which is an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements or tax returns.

The Company is subject to the Enterprise Income Tax law (“EIT”) of the People’s Republic of China. The Company’s operations in producing and selling fertilizers are subject to the 25% enterprise income tax.

New Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02 (ASU 2016-02) “Leases (Topic 842)”. ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. For finance leases, a lessee is required to do the following:

For operating leases, a lessee is required to do the following:

In July 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-11 (ASU 2018-11), which amends ASC 842 so that entities may elect not to recast their comparative periods in transition (the “Comparatives Under 840 Option”). ASU 2018-11 allows entities to change their date of initial application to the beginning of the period of adoption. In doing so, entities would:

In addition, the FASB also issued a series of amendments to ASU 2016-02 that address the transition methods available and clarify the guidance for lessor costs and other aspects of the new lease standard.

The management has reviewed the accounting pronouncements and adopted the new standard on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method of adoption.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU provides an exception to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. This update also (1) requires an entity to recognize a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income as an income-based tax and account for any incremental amount incurred as a non-income-based tax, (2) requires an entity to evaluate when a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill should be considered part of the business combination in which goodwill was originally recognized for accounting purposes and when it should be considered a separate transaction, and (3) requires that an entity reflect the effect of an enacted change in tax laws or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation in the interim period that includes the enactment date. The standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), – Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement,” which makes a number of changes meant to add, modify or remove certain disclosure requirements associated with the movement amongst or hierarchy associated with Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this Update modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements based on the concepts in FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting—Chapter 8: Notes to Financial Statements, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impacts of ASU 2018-13 on its consolidated financial statements.

The Company believes that there were no other accounting standards recently issued that had or are expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Results of Operations

We are principally engaged in the organic fertilizer manufacture and distribution business in the PRC, which account for 88% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

As a result of the COVID-19 outbreak in December 2019 and continuing in the year of 2020, the Company’s businesses, results of operations, financial position and cash flows were adversely affected in 2020. However, the COVID-19 was under control for the three months ended March 31, 2021 in China. And we are growing our revenue steadily currently and will keep growing in 2021.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

Revenue

Total revenue for fertilizer increased from $754,120 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to $1,384,814 for the three months ended March 31, 2021, which represented an increase of $630,694, or approximately 83.63%. The increase in revenue was mainly due to the impact of COVID-19 for the three months ended March 31, 2020, and the recovery from COVID-19 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Some large customers suspended purchasing our fertilizer products during the pandemic period. And most of them have returned to normal in business currently. Traditionally, we experience some seasonality in our sales. We tend to sell more fertilizer products in the second half of the year. Additionally, there has been a general recovery in the economy after the height of the pandemic. We expect to see a trend of improving sales as the epidemic moves further into the past.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales for fertilizer increased from $448,264 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to $803,229 for the three months ended March 31, 2021, which represented an increase of approximately $354,965, or 79.19%. The increase in cost of revenue for fertilizer was in line with the increase in revenue.

Gross profit

The gross profit increased from $305,856 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to gross profit of $581,585 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The gross margin on fertilizer increased from 40.56% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to 42.00% for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Expenses

We only incurred $71,520 in selling expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $7,447 for the three months ended March 31, 2020. We incurred $328,692 in general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $457,046 for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Total selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $64,281, or 13.84% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020. Our selling expenses increased by $64,073 and our general and administrative expenses decreased by $128,354. We expect our general and administrative expense to increase in the near future, if we successfully complete our public offering.

Interest income (expense)

We incurred $16,838 in interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared with interest expense of $98,623 for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Net income

Our net income was $260,504 for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared with net loss of $256,729 for the three months ended March 31, 2020, representing an increase of $517,233.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations and otherwise operate on a going concern basis. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 our net current assets (working capital) was $5,352,319 and $5,145,436, respectively.

We have financed our operations over the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 primarily through proceeds from net cash inflow from operations.

The components of cash flows are discussed below:

Cash Used in Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $904,657 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The net cash inflow consisted primarily of net income of $260,504, depreciation and amortization of $132,737, a decrease of $4,404,317 in account receivable, an increase of $354,191 in other payable, a decrease of $187,446 in prepayment, which were offset by a decrease of $4,290,253 in Accounts payable and accrued payables, an increase of $18,521 in inventory.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $795,742 for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The net cash inflow consisted primarily of a decrease of $1,006,497 in account receivable, a decrease of $84,977 in prepayment, an increase of $60,246 in advance from customers, which were offset by the net loss of $256,729, a decrease of $381,133 in account payable.

Cash used in Investing Activities

There is no cash flow in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Cash Used in Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $19,879 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. During the period, cash used in financing activities mainly consisted of the proceeds from related parties of $16,547, and repayment of short-term loan of $36,426.

Net cash used in financing activities was $892,590 for the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the period, cash used in financing activities consisted of the repayment to related parties of $779,010, and repayment of short-term loan of $113,580.

We anticipate that our current cash reserves plus cash from our operating activities will not be sufficient to meet our ongoing obligations and fund our operations for the next twelve months. As a result, we will need to seek additional funding in the near future. We currently do not have a specific plan of how we will obtain such funding; however, we anticipate that additional funding will be in the form of equity financing from the sale of shares of our common stock or renewing our current obligations with lenders. We may also seek to obtain short-term loans from our directors or unrelated parties. Additional funding may not be available, or at acceptable terms, to us at this time. If we are unable to obtain additional financing, we may be required to reduce the scope of our business development activities, which could harm our business plans, financial condition and operating results.

Contractual Commitments and Commitments for Capital Expenditure

Contractual Commitments

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at March 31, 2021 and the effect those obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods.

Commitments for Capital Expenditure 

There were no non-cancelable commitments for capital expenditure as of March 31, 2021.

Off Balance Sheet Items

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that we are required to disclose pursuant to these regulations. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into operating lease commitments, purchase commitments and other contractual obligations. These transactions are recognized in our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not applicable because we are a smaller reporting company.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), the Company carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) (the Company’s principal financial and accounting officer), of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of March 31, 2021 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021, there has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting. We will continue to monitor the deficiencies identified in internal controls and make changes that our management deems necessary.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

Except for matters set forth below, there are no actions, suits, proceedings, inquiries or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company that are outside the ordinary course of business or in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.

As of March 31, 2021, there were two civil proceedings pending conclusion and satisfaction, including: (1) default over a loan agreement between Shanghai Zongbao and Agricultural Bank of China Jinshan Subbranch, the judgment for which has become effective since January 14th, 2019; and (2) default over a construction contract between Shanghai Zongbao and Shanghai Zhongta Construction and Engineering Co., Ltd., as to which both parties reached a mediation agreement through the mediation procedure held by the court. The cause for both cases is that the established project of organic fertilizer production could not be continued due to the change of business focus of the industrial park in which the company is located to food, machinery and new energy industries. This caused defaults with both aforementioned parties. The relevant land and production building were mortgaged to Agricultural Bank of China, and Shanghai Zongbao and Shanghai Zhongta Construction and Engineering Co., Ltd., with the understanding that the value of the assets will be sufficient to cover the debts under these two cases. The outstanding defaults have been satisfied by a disposal of the mortgaged asset which was completed in April 2021. Both the Agriculture Bank of China (“ABC”) and Shanghai Zongbao agreed to allow Shanghai Jinshan People’s Court to list the asset on Taobao’s online auction platform for sale. On August 5, 2020, the sale price achieved after competitive biddings was RMB 74,515,000 (approximately $10.8 million). Based on this, we have entered into a settlement agreement with ABC for the settlement of the remaining balance of RMB 29,900,000 (approximately $4.3 million). We have paid ABC and amount owed to the contractor (RMB 24,800,000) with the sales proceeds in April 2021 and expect to receive the remaining RMB5,270,686.85 after taxes and fees. The sale was closed in April 2021. We plan to use the remaining sales proceeds for general working capital needs. The manufacturing base for the project of Shanghai Zongbao has already been relocated and therefore the sale of the land use rights and building facility have no material adverse impact on our operations.

Shanghai Aoke Chemicals Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Aoke”) placed with Shanghai Nai Sheng Kalan Industrial Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Nai Sheng”) an equipment procurement order of RMB 25 million (approximately US$3.84M) in 2013. Due to a product defect issue at the fault of Shanghai Nai Sheng, Shanghai Aoke suspended payments to Shanghai Nai Sheng, and RMB 2.94 million remains to be paid to Shanghai Nai Sheng as of September 2017, guaranteed by Shanghai Zongbao. In August 2020, Shanghai Nai Sheng commenced a legal proceeding against Shanghai Aoke in the Jinshan District People’s Court for the payment of the balance of the purchase order, concurrently enjoining Zongbao as the guarantor. When Shanghai Nai Sheng eventually brought the legal action against Shanghai Aoke, the total amount owed had been reduced from RMB 2.94 million to RMB 1.21 Million (approximately US$184,000) based on payments made between September 2017 and August 2020. To our knowledge, the reduced figure was confirmed by all parties in a court mediation on December 3, 2020, and a settlement was reached pursuant to which all amounts due shall be paid by June 30, 2021.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Not applicable because we are a smaller reporting company.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

There were no unregistered sales of the Company’s equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2021 that were not otherwise disclosed in a Current Report on Form 8-K.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

There has been no default in the payment of principal, interest, sinking or purchase fund instalment, or any other material default, with respect to any indebtedness of the Company.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

There is no other information required to be disclosed under this item which was not previously disclosed.

Item 6. Exhibits.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

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