10-Q 1 e612615_10q-retrophin.htm Unassociated Document
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_______________

FORM 10-Q
_______________
 (Mark One)

 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2014

OR
 
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________


RETROPHIN, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
         
Delaware
 
000-53293
 
27-4842691
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(Commission File No.)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

777 Third Avenue, 22nd Floor, New York, NY, 10017
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
_______________

(646) 837-5863
(Issuer Telephone number)
_______________

(Former Name or Former Address if Changed Since Last Report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  þ  No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes   þ   No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
       
Large accelerated filer
¨
Accelerated filer
¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨ No þ
 
The number of shares of outstanding common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Registrant as of August 12, 2014 was 26,681,514.
 
 
 

 
 
RETROPHIN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Form 10-Q
June 30, 2014
 
 

 
Page No.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
   
Item 1. Financial Statements
   
4
 
5
 
6
 
7
 
8
 
24
 
32
 
32
 
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
   
33
 
33
 
36
 
36
 
36
 
36
 
 
 

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains forward-looking statements regarding our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not deemed to represent an all-inclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements as denoted in this report. Additionally, statements concerning future matters are forward-looking statements.

Although forward-looking statements in this report reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and actual results and outcomes may differ materially from the results and outcomes discussed in or anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include, without limitation, those specifically addressed under the headings “Risks Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Form 10-Q and information contained in other reports that we file with the  Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). You are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report.

We file reports with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including us. You can also read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. You can obtain additional information about the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.

We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this report, except as required by law. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made throughout the entirety of this quarterly report, which are designed to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
 

 
 
PART I-FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.     Financial Statements
 
RETROPHIN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
 
   
June 30, 2014
   
December 31, 2013
 
   
(Unaudited)
       
Assets
           
             
Current assets:
           
Cash
  $ 39,880,286     $ 5,997,307  
Marketable securities
    3,563,914       132,994  
Accounts receivable
    1,600,769       -  
Other receivable
    5,963,889       -  
Inventory
    496,685       -  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    1,891,433       1,370,943  
Total current assets
    53,396,976       7,501,244  
                 
Property and equipment, net
    511,275       127,427  
Security deposits
    288,997       244,058  
Restricted cash
    40,000       40,000  
Other asset
    1,927,757       -  
Investment
    400,000       -  
Intangible assets, net
    98,034,363       12,586,150  
Goodwill
    935,935       -  
Total assets
  $ 155,535,303     $ 20,498,879  
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
               
                 
Current liabilities:
               
Deferred technology purchase liability, current portion
  $ 1,500,000     $ 1,634,630  
Accounts payable
    10,625,117       3,553,567  
Accrued expenses
    7,233,493       3,526,434  
Securities sold, not yet purchased
    144,850       1,457,901  
Other liability
    588,601       -  
Contingent consideration, current portion
    3,053,486       -  
Derivative financial instruments, warrants
    24,839,144       25,037,346  
                 
Total current liabilities
    47,984,691       35,209,878  
                 
Note payable
    39,834,960       -  
Convertible debt
    42,978,042       -  
Other liability
    12,783,110       -  
Contingent consideration
    9,746,515       -  
Deferred technology purchase liability
    1,000,000       1,000,000  
Deferred income tax liability, net
    141,151       2,600,899  
                 
Total liabilities
    154,468,469       38,810,777  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
                 
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit):
               
Preferred stock Series A $0.001 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 0 issued and outstanding
    -       -  
Common stock $0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 26,681,514 and 18,546,363 issued and 26,301,923 and 18,415,573 outstanding, respectively
    2,668       1,855  
Additional paid-in capital
    133,448,275       50,189,127  
Treasury stock, at cost, 379,591 and 130,790, respectively
    (3,214,608 )     (957,272 )
Accumulated deficit
    (129,578,400 )     (67,435,621 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    408,899       (109,987 )
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)
    1,066,834       (18,311,898 )
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)
  $ 155,535,303     $ 20,498,879  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
RETROPHIN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
                         
                         
Net product sales
  $ 5,741,734     $ -     $ 5,769,634     $ -  
                                 
Operating expenses:
                               
Cost of goods sold
    1,207,395       -       1,208,295       -  
Research and development
    13,697,991       605,203       20,584,717       713,937  
Selling, general and administrative
    11,340,071       4,494,699       21,432,093       6,636,449  
Total operating expenses
    26,245,457       5,099,902       43,225,105       7,350,386  
                                 
Operating loss
    (20,503,723 )     (5,099,902 )     (37,455,471 )     (7,350,386 )
                                 
Other income (expenses):
                               
Interest income (expense), net
    (2,178,937 )     5       (2,178,401 )     (41,558 )
Finance expense
    (4,708,280 )     -       (4,708,280 )     -  
Realized gain on sale of marketable securities, net
    370,177       -       374,841       -  
Change in fair value of derivative instruments - gain (loss)
    32,978,586       56,041       (20,635,216 )     (2,395,618 )
Loss on transaction denominated in foreign currencies
    -       (4,657 )     -       (3,873 )
Total other income (expense), net
    26,461,546       51,389       (27,147,056 )     (2,441,049 )
                                 
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes
    5,957,823       (5,048,513 )     (64,602,527 )     (9,791,435 )
                                 
Income tax benefit
    2,525,124       -       2,459,748       -  
                                 
Net income (loss)
  $ 8,482,947     $ (5,048,513 )   $ (62,142,779 )   $ (9,791,435 )
                                 
Net income (loss) per common share, basic
  $ 0.33     $ (0.41 )   $ (2.54 )   $ (0.85 )
Net loss per common share, diluted
  $ (0.90 )   $ (0.41 )   $ (2.54 )   $ (0.85 )
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic
    25,635,277       12,253,599       24,491,477       11,492,475  
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted
    27,326,442       12,253,599       24,491,477       11,492,475  
                                 
Comprehensive Income (Loss):
                               
                                 
Net income (loss)
  $ 8,482,947     $ (5,048,513 )   $ (62,142,779 )   $ (9,791,435 )
                                 
Unrealized gain (loss)
    (103,190 )     -       518,886       -  
                                 
Comprehensive income (loss)
  $ 8,379,757     $ (5,048,513 )   $ (61,623,893 )   $ (9,791,435 )
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
RETROPHIN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
FOR THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 31, 2013 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2014
(Unaudited)
 
   
Common stock
   
Common stock in treasury
    Additional paid     Accumulated other comprehensive     Accumulated     Total Stockholders'  
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
in capital
   
 loss
   
deficit
   
deficit
 
Balance - December 31, 2013
    18,546,363     $ 1,855       (130,790 )   $ (957,272 )   $ 50,189,127     $ (109,987 )   $ (67,435,621 )   $ (18,311,898 )
                                                                 
Share based compensation
    1,065,845       106       -       -       10,014,520       -       -       10,014,626  
Issuance of common stock in connection with January 2014 public offering at $8.50 per share, net of fees of $3,164,990
    4,705,882       471       -       -       36,834,536       -       -       36,835,007  
                                                                 
Exercise of warrants and reclassification of the
derivative liability
    1,962,377       196       -       -       31,701,852       -       -       31,702,048  
Treasury stock
    -       -       (248,801 )     (2,257,336 )     -       -       -       (2,257,336 )
Issuance of common stock to convertible debt holders
    401,047       40       -       -       4,708,240       -       -       4,708,280  
Unrealized gain
    -       -       -       -       -       518,886       -       518,886  
Net loss
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (62,142,779 )     (62,142,779 )
Balance - June 30, 2014
    26,681,514     $ 2,668       (379,591 )   $ (3,214,608 )   $ 133,448,275     $ 408,899     $ (129,578,400 )   $ 1,066,834  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
RETROPHIN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Unaudited)
 
   
For the six months ended June 30,
 
 
   
2014
   
2013
 
             
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
           
Net loss
  $ (62,142,779 )   $ (9,791,435 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    1,692,606       105,307  
Amortization of deferred financing costs
    3,503          
Amortization of debt discount
    53,873          
Realized gain on marketable securities
    (374,841 )     -  
Share based compensation
    10,014,626       287,592  
Change in estimated fair value of liability classified warrants
    20,635,216       2,395,618  
Non-cash financing cost
    4,708,280          
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
               
Accounts receivable
    (1,600,769 )     -  
Inventory
    21,320       -  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    (814,204 )     (96,065 )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    6,547,781       312,001  
Net cash used in operating activities
    (21,255,388 )     (6,786,982 )
                 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
               
Purchase of fixed assets
    (423,482 )     (9,693 )
Purchase of  intangible asset
    (3,301,534 )     (5,700 )
Repayment of technology license liability
    -       (1,300,000 )
Security deposits
    (44,939 )     -  
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities
    1,884,584       -  
Purchase of marketable securities
    (4,887,184 )     -  
Proceeds from securities sold, not yet purchased
    4,462,144       -  
Cover securities sold, not yet purchased
    (5,309,791 )     -  
Cash paid for investment
    (400,000 )     -  
Cash paid upon acquisition, net of cash acquired
    (29,150,000 )     -  
Net cash used in investing activities
    (37,170,202 )     (1,315,393 )
                 
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
               
Repayment of net amounts due to related parties
    -       (13,200 )
Repayment of note payable - related party
    -       (884,764 )
Proceeds from Credit Agreement
    38,752,321       -  
Proceeds from Note Purchase Agreement
    41,924,169       -  
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants
    8,337,380       -  
Proceeds received from issuance of common stock, net
    36,835,007       9,275,465  
Repayment of Manchester Note payable
    (31,282,972 )        
Purchase of treasury stock, at cost
    (2,257,336 )     -  
Net cash provided by financing activities
    92,308,569       8,377,501  
                 
Net (decrease) increase in cash
    33,882,979       275,126  
Cash, beginning of year
    5,997,307       11,388  
                 
Cash, end of period
  $ 39,880,286     $ 286,514  
                 
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
               
Cash paid for interest
  $ 1,832,984     $ 28,263  
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
               
Reclassification of derivative liability to equity due to exercise of warrants
  $ 23,364,668     $ -  
Present value of contingent consideration payable to sellers of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC
  $ 12,800,000     $ -  
Present value of guaranteed minimum royalty payable to sellers of Thiola
  $ 11,849,648     $ -  
Note payable entered into upon consummation of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC
  $ 31,282,972     $ -  
Unrealized gain on marketable securities
  $ 1,858,744     $ -  
Unrealized loss on securities sold, not yet purchased
  $ (1,339,858 )   $ -  
Allocation of proceeds from issuance of common stock to registration payment obligation
  $ -     $ 360,000  
Share issued on behalf of related party
  $ -     $ 44,400  
Cost incurred related to debt financing not yet paid
  $ 1,882,128     $ -  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
RETROPHIN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Organization and Description of Business

Retrophin, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a fully integrated biopharmaceutical company focused on the development, acquisition and commercialization of therapies for the treatment of serious, catastrophic or rare diseases.

Acquisition of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC

On March 26, 2014, the Company completed its acquisition of all of the membership interests of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC, a privately-held specialty pharmaceutical company that focuses on treatments for rare diseases. The acquisition expands the Company’s ability to address the special needs of patients with rare diseases.

Thiola® License

On May 29, 2014, the Company entered into a license agreement with Mission Pharmacal Company (“Mission”), a privately-held healthcare medications and treatments provider, for the U.S. marketing rights to Thiola. The license adds Thiola to the Company’s product line. In July 2014, the Company amended the license agreement with Mission to secure the Canadian marketing rights to the product.

The Company currently sells the three following products:

·  
Chenodal®, which is available in the United States for the treatment of patients suffering from gallstones in whom surgery poses an unacceptable health risk due to disease or advanced age.
·  
Vecamyl®, which is available in the United States for the treatment of moderately severe to severe essential hypertension and uncomplicated cases of malignant hypertension.
·  
Thiola, which is available in the United States for the prevention of cysteine (kidney) stone formation in patients with severe homozygous cystinuria.
 
The Company is developing RE-024, a novel small molecule, as a potential treatment for pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration, or PKAN. Also, the Company is developing sparsentan, formerly known as RE-021, a dual acting receptor antagonist of angiotensin and endothelin receptors, for the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, or FSGS. The Company is developing SyntocinonTM Nasal Spray in the United States to assist initial postpartum milk ejection, and for the treatment of Schizophrenia. Syntocinon Nasal Spray is currently marketed by Novartis and Sigma-Tau in Europe and other countries for aiding milk let-down. In addition, the Company is developing RE-034, a synthetic hormone analogue that is composed of the first 24 amino acids of the 39 amino acids contained in ACTH for the treatment of Infantile Spasms, or IS, and Nephrotic Syndrome, or NS. The Company also has several additional programs in preclinical development, including RE-001, a therapy for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, or DMD.
 
NOTE 2.  BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 (the “2013 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 28, 2014. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, since they are interim statements, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements, but reflect all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments, that are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.  The December 31, 2013 balance sheet information was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date.
 
 
NOTE 3.  LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION AND MANAGEMENT’S PLANS

The Company incurred a net loss of approximately $62.1 million, which includes a charge for the change in fair value of derivative instruments in the amount of $20.6 million, for the six months ended June 30, 2014.  At June 30, 2014, the Company had a cash balance of approximately $39.9 million and working capital of approximately $5.4 million. The Company’s accumulated deficit amounted to approximately $129.6 million as of June 30, 2014.

The Company has principally financed its operations from inception using proceeds from sales of its equity securities in a series of private placement transactions and the issuance of debt. On January 9, 2014, the Company completed a public offering of 4,705,882 shares of common stock at a price of $8.50 per share. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of approximately $36.8 million, after deducting the underwriting fees and other offering costs.

On May 29, 2014, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) relating to the private placement of $46 million aggregate principal senior convertible notes with an interest rate of 4.50% due 2019 (the “Notes”). The Company received net funds from the Note Purchase Agreement of approximately $41.9 million.  As of June 30, 2014, the Company has recorded $1 million as other receivable related to the Note Purchase Agreement due to a principal amount an investor agreed to purchase. As of the date of this filing, the $1 million has not been received, but the Company expects to receive such payment in the third quarter.

On June 30, 2014, the Company entered into a $45 million Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) which matures on June 30, 2018 and bears interest at an annual rate of (i) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate plus 10% or (ii) in certain circumstances, the Base Rate (as such term defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 9.00%. The Company received net funds from the Credit Agreement of approximately $38.8 million. As of June 30, 2014, the Company recorded approximately $5 million as other receivable related to the Credit Agreement due to funding received in July 2014.

On June 30, 2014, the Company made the final payment of $33 million to the sellers of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC (“Manchester”) in full satisfaction of the outstanding amount owed (see Note 5).

Management believes the Company’s ability to continue its operations depends on its ability to raise capital. The Company’s future depends on the costs, timing, and outcome of regulatory reviews of its product candidates, ongoing research and development, the funding of planned or potential acquisitions, other planned operating activities, and the costs of commercialization activities, including ongoing, product marketing, sales and distribution. The Company expects to continue to finance its cash needs through additional private and public equity offerings and debt financings, corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements and grants from patient advocacy groups, foundations and government agencies. Although management believes that the Company has access to capital resources, there are no commitments for financing in place at this time, nor can management provide any assurance that such financing will be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all.

These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of assets or the classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
 
NOTE 4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements follows:

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements represent the consolidation of the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries in conformity with GAAP. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Accounts Receivable – Trade

The Company's trade accounts receivable represents amounts due from customers. The Company monitors the financial performance and credit worthiness of its customers so that it can properly assess and respond to changes in their credit profile. The Company provides reserves against trade receivables for estimated losses that may result from a customer's inability to pay. Amounts determined to be uncollectible are written-off against the reserve.
 
 
Inventory
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or estimated realizable value. The Company determines the cost of inventory using the first-in, first-out, or FIFO, method. The Company periodically analyzes its inventory levels to identify inventory that may expire prior to expected sale or has a cost basis in excess of its estimated realizable value, and write down such inventories as appropriate. In addition, the Company's products are subject to strict quality control and monitoring which the Company’s manufacturers perform throughout their manufacturing process.

Inventory consists of the following at June 30, 2014:
 
   
June 30, 2014
 
Raw material
  $ 375,875  
Finished goods
    120,810  
Total inventory
  $ 496,685  

Income Taxes
 
The Company follows FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the asset will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
 
The standard addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under FASB ASC 740, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. FASB ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company has $1,522,063, and $0, respectively, recorded as a liability for unrecognized tax uncertainties, included in other liability-long term in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Revenue Recognition

Product sales consist of U.S. sales of Chenodal, Vecamyl, and Thiola. Revenue from product sales is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title to product and associated risk of loss have passed to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable, collection from the customer is reasonably assured, the Company has no further performance obligations, and returns can be reasonably estimated. The Company records revenue from product sales upon delivery to its customers. The Company sells Chenodal and Vecamyl in the United States to a specialty pharmacy. Under this distribution model, the specialty pharmacy takes title of the inventory FOB shipping point and sells directly to patients. The Company sells Thiola in the United States and Canada through a specialty distributor. Under this model, the Company will record revenues once the distributor ships products to customers and such customers take title of the inventory FOB shipping point.
 
Government Rebates and Chargebacks: The Company estimates reductions to product sales for Medicaid programs, and for certain other qualifying federal and state government programs. Based upon the Company's contracts with government agencies, statutorily-defined discounts applicable to government-funded programs, historical experience, and estimated payer mix, the Company estimates and records an allowance for rebates and chargebacks as a reduction in sales. The Company's liability for Medicaid rebates consists of estimates for claims that a state will make for a current quarter, claims for prior quarters that have been estimated for which an invoice has not been received, and invoices received for claims from prior quarters that have not been paid. The Company's customers charge the Company for the difference between what they pay for the products and the ultimate selling price.

Distribution-Related Fees: The Company has written contracts with its customer that include terms for distribution-related fees. The Company estimates and records distribution and related fees due to its customer based on gross sales. Distribution-related fees amounted to $56,912 and $57,191 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, and are recorded as general and administrative expense in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Distribution-related fees were not incurred in 2013.

Prompt Pay Discounts: The Company offers discounts to its customers for prompt payments. The Company estimates these discounts based on customer terms and historical experience, and expect that its customer will always take advantage of this discount. Therefore, the Company accrues 100% of the prompt pay discount that is based on the gross amount of each invoice, at the time of sale.
 
 
Product Returns: Consistent with industry practice, the Company offers its customers a limited right to return product purchased directly from the Company, which is principally based upon the product's expiration date. Product returned is generally not resalable given the nature of the Company's products and method of administration. The Company develops estimates for product returns based upon historical experience, inventory levels in the distribution channel, shelf life of the product, and other relevant factors. The Company monitors product supply levels in the distribution channel, as well as sales by its customers to patients using product-specific data provided by its customers. If necessary, the Company's estimates of product returns may be adjusted in the future based on actual returns experience, known or expected changes in the marketplace, or other factors.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, one customer accounted for 99% of the Company’s revenues. As of June 30, 2014 one customer accounted for 98% of accounts receivable.
 
Earnings (Loss) per Share

The Company adopted ASC 260, "Earnings Per Share" ("EPS"), which requires presentation of basic and diluted EPS on the face of the income statement for all entities with complex capital structures, and requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS computation. In the accompanying financial statements, basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS excluded all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.

The following sets forth the computation of diluted EPS for the three months ended June 30, 2014:

   
Three months ended June 30, 2014
 
   
Net income (loss) (Numerator)
   
Shares (Denominator)
   
Per Share Amount
 
Basic EPS
  $ 8,482,947       25,635,277     $ 0.33  
Change in fair value of derivative instruments
    (32,978,586 )     -          
Dilutive shares related to warrants
    -       1,691,165          
Dilutive EPS
  $ (24,495,639 )     27,326,442     $ (0.90 )
 
Basic net income (loss) per share is based on the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding. Potential common shares includable in the computation of fully diluted per share results are not presented for the six month ended June 30, 2014 and the periods ended June 30, 2013 in the condensed consolidated financial statements as their effect would be anti-dilutive.  The total number of shares issuable upon exercise of options that were not included in dilutive earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 were 2,852,500. The total number of shares issuable upon conversion of debt that were not included in dilutive earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 were 2,642,160. The total number of shares issuable upon exercise of options that were not included in dilutive earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 were 120,000. The total number of shares issuable upon exercise of warrants that were not included in dilutive earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 were 1,917,792.

Financial Instruments and Fair Value

The Company accounts for financial instruments in accordance with ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”). ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 are described below:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – Quoted prices in markets that are not active or financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3 – Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

In estimating the fair value of the Company’s marketable securities available-for-sale and securities sold, not yet purchased, the Company used quoted prices in active markets (see Note 6 and Note 8).

In estimating the fair value of the Company’s derivative liabilities, the Company used the Binomial Lattice options pricing model at inception and on each subsequent valuation date (see Note 7 and Note 8).

In estimating the fair value of the Company’s contingent consideration, the Company used the comparable uncontrolled transaction (“CUT”) method for royalty payments based on projected revenues. Based on the fair value hierarchy, the Company classified contingent consideration within Level 3 because valuation inputs are based on projected revenues discounted to a present value (see Note 8).
 
Financial instruments with carrying values approximating fair value include cash as well as accounts receivable, deposits on license agreements, and accounts payable.
 
 
New Accounting Standards
 
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)," which is the new comprehensive revenue recognition standard that will supersede all existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The standard's core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2016, and early adoption is not permitted. Companies will have the option of using either a full retrospective approach or a modified approach to adopt the guidance in the ASU. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.
 
Note 5.  BUSINESS COMBINATION

Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC

On March 26, 2014 (the “Manchester Closing Date”), the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding membership interests of Manchester. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company paid $29.5 million upon consummation of the transaction, of which $3.2 million was paid by Retrophin Therapeutics International LLC, a newly formed indirect wholly owned subsidiary, for rights of product sales outside of the United States. Acquisition costs amounted to approximately $0.3 million and have been recorded as selling, general, and administrative expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company entered into a promissory note with Manchester principals for $33 million which was discounted to $31.3 million to be paid in three equal installments of $11 million within three, six, and nine months after the Manchester Closing Date. On June 30, 2014, the Company paid the sellers of Manchester $33 million in full satisfaction of the outstanding amount owed.

In addition, the Company agreed to make contractual payments based on 10% of net sales of the products Chenodal and Vecamyl to the former members of Manchester. Additional contingent payments will be made based on 5% of net sales from new products derived from the existing products. Contingent consideration will be revalued at each reporting period and any change in valuation will be recorded in the Company’s statement of operations.

The acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, with the excess purchase price over the fair market value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed allocated to goodwill. Based on the preliminary purchase price allocation, the purchase price of $73.23 million has resulted in goodwill of $0.9 million and is primarily attributed to the synergies expected to arise after the acquisition. The $0.9 million of goodwill resulting from the acquisition is deductible for income tax purposes.

The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed was based upon a preliminary valuation and the Company’s estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period. Critical estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include but are not limited to future expected cash flows from customer relationships and developed technology, present value and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates.

The purchase included $72 million of intangible assets with definite lives related to product rights, trade names, and customer relationships with values of $71.4 million, $0.2 million, and $0.4 million, respectively. The useful lives related to the acquired product rights, trade names, and customer relationships are expected to be approximately 16, 1 and 10 years, respectively. Under the terms of the agreement, the sellers agreed to indemnify the Company for uncertain tax liabilities, any breach of any representation or warranty the sellers made to the purchaser, failure of the sellers to perform any covenants or obligations made to the purchaser, and third party claims relating to the operation of the Company and events occurring prior to the Manchester Closing Date. As of June 30, 2014, the Company has recorded an indemnification asset with a corresponding liability in the amount of $1.5 million related to uncertain tax liabilities.
 
The purchase price allocation of $73.23 million was as follows:
 
   
Amount (in thousands)
 
Cash paid upon consummation, net
  $ 29,150  
Secured promissory note
    31,283  
Fair value of contingent consideration
    12,800  
Total purchase price
  $ 73,233  
         
Prepaid expenses
    116  
Inventory
    517  
Product rights
    71,372  
Trade names
    175  
Customer relationship
    403  
Goodwill
    936  
Other asset
    1,522  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (286 )
Other liability
    (1,522 )
   Total allocation of purchase price consideration
  $ 73,233  
 
 
Pro Forma Operating Results

The following table provides unaudited pro forma results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, as if the March 26, 2014 acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2013. The pro forma results of operations were prepared for comparative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of what would have occurred had the acquisitions been made as of January 1, 2013 or of results that may occur in the future.

   
Pro Forma (Unaudited)
 
   
Three months ended June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)
   
Six months ended June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
   
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
Net Sales
  $ 5,742     $ 1,098     $ 6,988     $ 2,197  
Net income (loss)
  $ 8,483     $ (4,184 )   $ (61,524 )   $ (8,063 )
Net income (loss) per common share, basic
  $ 0.33     $ (0.34 )   $ (2.51 )   $ (0.70 )
Net loss per common share, diluted
  $ (0.90 )   $ (0.34 )   $ (2.51 )   $ (0.70 )
 
NOTE 6.  MARKETABLE SECURITIES AND SECURITIES SOLD, NOT YET PURCHASED

The Company measures marketable securities and securities sold, not yet purchased on a recurring basis. Generally, the types of securities the Company invests in are traded on a market such as the NASDAQ Global Market, which the Company considers to be Level 1 measurements.

Marketable securities and securities sold, not yet purchased at June 30, 2014 consisted of the following:

   
Cost
   
Unrealized Gains
   
Unrealized Losses
   
Estimated Fair Value
 
                         
Marketable securities
available-for-sale:
  $ 3,157,355     $ 406,826     $ 267     $ 3,563,914  
Securities sold, not yet purchased
  $ 147,190     $ 2,340     $ -     $ 144,850  
 
Marketable securities and securities sold, not yet purchased at December 31, 2013 consisted of the following:

   
Cost
   
Unrealized Gains
   
Unrealized Losses
   
Estimated Fair Value
 
                         
Marketable securities
available-for-sale:
  $ 129,702     $ 3,292     $ -     $ 132,994  
Securities sold, not yet purchased
  $ 1,344,622     $ 13,256     $ 126,535     $ 1,457,901  
 
 
NOTE 7.  DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with ASC 815-40, “Derivative and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASC 815-40”), instruments which do not have fixed settlement provisions are deemed to be derivative instruments. The Company’s warrants are classified as liability instruments due to an anti-dilution provision that provides for a reduction to the exercise price of the warrants if the Company issues additional equity or equity linked instruments in the future at an effective price per share less than the exercise price then in effect.
 
The warrants are re-measured at each balance sheet date based on estimated fair value. Changes in estimated fair value are recorded as non-cash valuation adjustments within other income (expense) in the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.  The Company recorded a gain on a change in the estimated fair value of warrants of $33 million and $0.06 million during the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The Company recorded a loss on a change in the estimated fair value of warrants of $20.6 million and $2.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The Company calculated the fair value of the warrants using the Binomial Lattice options pricing model at inception and on each subsequent valuation date.  The assumptions used at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are as follows:

 
As of
 
 
December 31, 2013
   
June 30, 2014
 
Fair market price of common stock
$7.00       $11.74  
Expected life (in years), represents the weighted average period until next liquidity event
4.12-4.62 years
   
.36 – 3.63 years
 
Risk-free interest rate
1.39%       1.11% - 1.62%  
Expected volatility
93-97%       85%  
Dividend yield
0.00%       0.00%  
 
Expected volatility is based on analysis of the Company’s volatility, as well as the volatilities of guideline companies. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury security rates for the remaining term of the warrants at the measurement date.

NOTE 8.  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table presents the Company’s asset and liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis classified under the appropriate level of the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2014:
 
   
As of June 30, 2014
   
Fair Value Hierarchy at June 30, 2014
 
   
Total carrying and estimated fair value
   
Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1)
   
Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)
   
Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
 
Asset:
                       
Marketable securities, available-for-sale
  $ 3,563,914     $ 3,563,914     $ -        
Liabilities:
                             
Derivative liability related to
warrants
  $ 24,839,144     $ -     $ -     $ 24,839,144  
Securities sold, not yet purchased
  $ 144,850     $ 144,850     $ -     $ -  
Contingent consideration
  $ 12,800,000     $ -     $ -     $ 12,800,000  
 
 
The following table presents the Company’s asset and liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis classified under the appropriate level of the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2013:
 
   
As of December 31, 2013
   
Fair Value Hierarchy at December 31, 2013
 
   
Total carrying and estimated fair value
   
Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1)
   
Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)
   
Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
 
Asset:
                       
Marketable securities, available-for-sale
  $ 132,994     $ 132,994     $ -     $ -  
Liability:
                               
Derivative liability related to warrants
  $ 25,037,346     $ -     $ -     $ 25,037,346  
Securities sold, not yet purchased
  $ 1,457,901     $ 1,457,901     $ -     $ -  
 
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the estimated fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments, warrants liability for the period from January 1, 2014 through June 30, 2014:
 
   
Fair Value Measurements of Common Stock Warrants Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Balance at January 1, 2013
  $ -  
Issuance of common stock warrants:
       
February 14, 2013
    5,407,372  
August 14, 2013
    328,561  
August 15, 2013
    9,201,487  
Total value upon issuance
    14,937,420  
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
    10,099,926  
Balance at December 31, 2013
    25,037,346  
Issuance of common stock warrants, June 30, 2014 (Note 12)
    2,531,250  
Reclassification of derivative liability to equity upon exercise of warrants
    (23,364,668 )
Change in estimated fair value of liability classified warrants
    20,635,216  
Balance at June 30, 2014
  $ 24,839,144  
 
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  At each reporting period, the Company performs a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities that are subject to ASC 820.  
 
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the estimated contingent consideration for the period from January 1, 2014 through June 30, 2014:

   
Fair Value Measurements of
Contingent Consideration
 
Balance at January 1, 2014
  $ -  
Present value of contractual payments, contingent consideration upon acquisition
    12,800,000  
Balance at June 30, 2014
  $ 12,800,000  
 
 
NOTE 9.  INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Amortizable intangible assets

Ligand License Agreement
 
On February 16, 2012, the Company entered into an agreement for a worldwide sublicense for $2.5 million to develop, manufacture and commercialize a drug technology which is referred to as DARA (the “Ligand License Agreement”). The cost of the Ligand License Agreement, which is presented net of amortization in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as other amortizable intangible asset, is being amortized to research and development on a straight-line basis through September 30, 2023.
 
Syntocinon License Agreement
 
On December 12, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with Novartis Pharma AG and Novartis AG pursuant to which Novartis Pharma AG and Novartis AG agreed to grant the Company an exclusive, perpetual, and royalty-bearing license for the manufacture, development and commercialization of Syntocinon and related intranasal products in the United States (the “Syntocinon License Agreement”). Under the Syntocinon License Agreement, Novartis Pharma AG and Novartis AG are obligated to transfer to the Company certain information that is necessary for or related to the development or commercialization of Syntocinon. As consideration for the Syntocinon License Agreement, the Company paid to Novartis Pharma AG and Novartis AG, and capitalized, a $5 million upfront fee. The intellectual property underlying the Syntocinon License Agreement is held in perpetuity. The Company has examined the Syntocinon License Agreement and has capitalized the license fee in accordance with ASC 350 due to future alternative uses such as re-licensing of the technology to other third parties, the sale of the licensed technology to other life science companies, and the potential development of various ingestible drug products using the licensed technologies.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2014, certain key underlying assumptions regarding the estimated useful life of the Syntocinon License Agreement changed resulting in the Company changing the estimated useful life from indefinite-lived to definite lived, starting in the second quarter of 2014. Such changes relate to the regulatory requirements needed to re-introduce the product for the treatment of lactation deficiency. Management determined the development program approximates seven to eight years and the use patent exclusivity and/or commercial viability period upon approval will be eleven to twelve years. Management assigned a life of twenty (20) years to the asset and is being amortized to research and development on a straight-line basis through December 2033.

Kyalin - Carbetocin Technology Purchase

On December 23, 2013, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with Kyalin to acquire substantially all of Kyalin’s assets which include patents, patent applications, contracts and data related to the intranasal formulation of the compound Carbetocin (collectively, the “Carbetocin Assets”). Carbetocin, similar to Oxytocin, has potential utility for the treatment of milk let-down in post pregnant women, inducing contractions during labor, postpartum hemorrhage, as well as for schizophrenia.
 
The Company capitalized $3 million of fixed minimum payments and closing costs. For tax purposes, intangible assets are subject to different amortization allowances than for book purposes. FASB ASC 740-10-55 (“ASC 740”) addresses the accounting treatment when an asset is acquired outside of a business combination, and the tax basis of that asset differs from the amount paid.  For the year ended December 31, 2013, pursuant to the guidance in ASC 740, the Company has stepped-up the basis of its intangible assets by $2.5 million and has recorded a deferred tax liability in the same amount, to account for the book/tax basis difference resulting from the Kyalin acquisition.
 
 
During the quarter ended June 30, 2014, certain underlying assumptions regarding the estimated useful life of the Carbetocin Assets changed resulting in the Company changing the estimated useful life from indefinite-lived to definite lived, starting in the second quarter of 2014. Such changes relate to the regulatory requirements needed to develop the Carbetocin Assets, as well as the departure of key personnel responsible for the development of the Carbetocin Assets. Management determined the development program approximates five to seven years and commercial viability will be five to seven years. Management assigned a life of ten (10) years to the assets and is being amortized to research and development on a straight-line basis through December 2023.

The change in estimated useful life in the current quarter also resulted in reversal of the deferred tax liability and recording a tax benefit of $2.5 million, as it was no longer necessary to account for the book/tax difference of Kyalin.

Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC

Upon the completion of the Company’s acquisition of Manchester on March 26, 2014, it acquired intangible assets with definite lives related to product rights, trade names, and customer relationships with the values of $71.4 million, $0.2 million, and $0.4 million, respectively. The useful lives related to the acquired product rights, trade names, and customer relationships are expected to be approximately 16, 1 and, 10 years, respectively. Amortization of product rights is being recorded as cost of goods sold and amortization of trade names and customer relationships is being recorded as general and administrative expense over their respective lives.
 
Thiola License Agreement
 
On May 29, 2014, the Company entered into a license agreement with Mission Pharmacal Company (“Mission”), pursuant to which Mission agreed to grant the Company an exclusive, royalty-bearing license to market, sell and commercialize Thiola in the United States and a non-exclusive license to use know-how relating to Thiola to the extent necessary to market Thiola. In July 2014, the Company amended the license agreement with Mission to secure the Canadian marketing rights to the product for no additional consideration.

Upon execution of the agreement, the Company paid Mission an up-front license fee of $3 million. In addition, the Company shall pay guaranteed minimum royalties during each calendar year the greater of $2 million or twenty percent (20%) of the Company’s net sales of Thiola through June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2014, the present value of guaranteed minimum royalties payable is $11.8 million using a discount rate of approximately 11% based on the Company’s current borrowing rate. As of June 30, 2014, the guaranteed minimum royalties’ current and long term liability is approximately $.6 million and $11.2 million, respectively, and is recorded as other liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company capitalized $15 million related to the Thiola asset which consists of the up-front license fee, professional fees, and the present value of the guaranteed minimum royalties.
 
As of June 30, 2014, amortizable intangible assets were approximately $98 million. Amortization expense recorded as research and development amounted to $255,430 and $305,386 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. Amortization expense recorded as research and development amounted to $0 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013. Amortization expense recorded as general and administrative amounted to $172,203 and $175,151 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, and $50,511 and $100,466 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively. Amortization expense recorded as cost of goods sold amounted to $1,111,371 and $1,172,435 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively. Amortization expense recorded as cost of goods sold amounted to $0 for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.

Amortizable intangible assets as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 consist of the following:
 
    June 30, 2014  
   
Gross Carrying Amount
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net Book Value
 
Product Rights
  $ 71,372,000     $ (1,172,435 )   $ 70,199,565  
Thiola License
    15,049,647       (118,533 )     14,931,114  
Carbetocin Assets*
    5,567,736       (141,074 )     5,426,662  
Syntocinon License*
    5,000,000       (62,552 )     4,937,448  
Ligand License
    2,300,000       (424,447 )     1,875,553  
Customer Relationships
    403,000       (10,591 )     392,409  
Trade Name
    175,000       (46,027 )     128,973  
Patent Costs
    143,928       (1,289 )     142,639  
Total
  $ 100,011,311     $ (1,976,948 )   $ 98,034,363  
 
* The Company commenced amortization in the current quarter due to change in estimate.

    December 31, 2013  
   
Gross Carrying
Amount
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net Book Value
 
Ligand License
  $ 2,300,000     $ (323,980 )   $ 1,976,020  
Patent Costs
    49,775       -       49,775  
Total
  $ 2,349,775     $ (323,980 )   $ 2,025,795  
 
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 is expected to be $5,281,810, $7,064,263, $7,042,752, $7,023,509, and $7,023,509 respectively.
 
 
NOTE 10.   RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Research and development expenses consist of the following for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013:

   
Three Months Ended June 30
   
Six Months Ended June 30
 
   
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
External service provider costs:
                       
Sparsentan
  $ 2,647,735     $ 356,238     $ 3,577,175     $ 464,973  
RE-024
    3,745,059       -       6,110,068       -  
Syntocinon
    517,899       -       642,765       -  
RE-034
    602,129       -       1,177,815       -  
General
    2,036,756       -       3,118,476       -  
Other product candidates
    312,275       -       610,677       -  
Amortization
    255,430       -       305,386       -  
Total external service provider costs:
    10,117,283       356,238       15,542,362       464,973  
Internal personnel costs:
    3,580,708       248,965       5,042,355       248,964  
Total research and development
  $ 13,697,991     $ 605,203     $ 20,584,717     $ 713,937  
 
NOTE 11.  SELLING, GENERAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE

Selling, general, and administrative expenses consist of the following for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively:

   
Three Months Ended June 30
   
Six Months Ended June 30
 
   
2014
   
2013
   
2014
   
2013
 
                         
Professional fees
  $ 4,913,393     $ 1,595,026     $ 11,068,778     $ 1,928,868  
Compensation and related costs
    3,847,879       358,167       5,931,468       1,288,454  
Depreciation and amortization
    198,619       53,139       214,785       105,307  
Other
    2,380,180       2,488,367       4,217,062       3,313,820  
Total selling, general, and administrative expenses
  $ 11,340,071     $ 4,494,699     $ 21,432,093     $ 6,636,449  
 
NOTE 12.    NOTES PAYABLE

Total interest expense recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 aggregated to $2,178,937 and $2,178,401, respectively. Total interest income (expense) recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 aggregated to $5 and ($41,558), respectively.

Note Payable – Manchester Pharmaceuticals, LLC
 
On March 26, 2014 upon the acquisition of Manchester, the Company entered into a note payable in the amount of $33 million. The note is non-interest bearing and therefore the Company recorded the loan at present value of $31.2 million using the effective interest rate of approximately 11%, which is the Company’s current borrowing rate. The note was due and payable in three consecutive payments, each in the amount of $11 million payable on June 26, 2014, September 26, 2014, and December 12, 2014 (the maturity date). On June 30, 2014, the Company paid off the note in its entirety. The Company accelerated interest expense in the amount of $1.7 million for the difference between the present value of the loan and the loan balance paid.
 
Convertible Notes Payable

On May 29, 2014, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with the investors thereunder (the “Investors”) relating to a private placement by the Company of $46 million aggregate principal senior convertible notes due 2019 (the “Notes”), which are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of $17.41 per share. The conversion price is subject to customary anti-dilution protection. The Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.5% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15. The Notes mature on May 30, 2019 unless earlier converted or repurchased in accordance with the terms. The aggregate carrying value of the Notes on their issuance was $43 million, which was net of the $3 million debt discount. The debt discount is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes under the effective interest method. As of June 30, 2014, accrued interest amounted to $0.2 million related to the convertible notes payable.
 
 
On June 30, 2014, the Company issued 401,047 shares of Common Stock to the Investors and such Investors granted the Company a release of certain claims they may have had in connection with the Company's sale of the Notes or certain statements made by the Company in connection with such sale. The Company recorded finance expense as other expense in the amount of $4,708,280 in relation to the shares issued based on the fair market value of the stock on the date of issuance.
 
Note Payable with Detachable Warrants

On June 30, 2014, the Company entered into a $45 million Credit Agreement which matures on June 30, 2018 and bears interest at an annual rate of (i) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate (as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 10.00% or (ii) in certain circumstances, the Base Rate (as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 9.00%. The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting the Company's and its subsidiaries' abilities to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of their businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends. In addition, the Credit Agreement requires the Company and its subsidiaries to meet certain financial quarterly requirements commencing in September 2014. Failure by the Company or its subsidiaries to comply with any of these covenants or financial tests could result in the acceleration of the loans under the Credit Agreement. The aggregate carrying value of the convertible notes on their issuance was $39.8 million, which was net of the $5.2 million debt discount. The debt discount is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the notes under the effective interest method. No interest expense was incurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2014 related to the Note Payable.
 
In connection with the execution of the Credit Agreement, the Company issued warrants (the "Warrants") to the Lenders under the Credit Agreement, initially exercisable to purchase up to an aggregate of 337,500 shares of common stock of the Company. The Warrants will be exercisable in whole or in part, at an initial exercise price per share of $12.76 per share, which is subject to weighted-average anti-dilution protections. The Warrants may be exercised at any time upon the election of the holder, beginning on the date of issuance and ending on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. The issuance of the Warrants was not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") as such issuance was exempt from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

The total grant date fair value of the Warrants is $2.5 million and was recorded as a derivative liability and is included in the debt discount to the Note Payable. The Company calculates the fair value of the warrants using the Binomial Lattice pricing model using the following assumptions:
 
Risk free rate
 
1.62%
Expected volatility
 
85%
Expected life (in years), represents the weighted average period until next liquidity event
 
0.36
Expected dividend yield
 
-
Exercise Price
 
$12.76

Debt Maturities

The stated maturities of the Company’s long-term debt at December 31 are as follows (in millions):

2014
  $ -  
2015
    -  
2016
    -  
2017
    -  
2018
    45  
Thereafter
    46  
 
  $ 91  

NOTE 13.   COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases and Sublease

On February 28, 2014, the Company amended its lease agreement for its offices located in Carlsbad, California. The Company increased its Carlsbad office space for approximately $110,000 of additional annual base rent plus rent escalations, common area maintenance, insurance, and real estate taxes under a lease agreement expiring in June 2017.
 

On April 10, 2014, the Company entered into an amended lease agreement at its principal offices in New York, New York and is responsible for additional rent of approximately $537,264 annually plus rent escalations through April 2015.

Research Collaboration and Licensing Agreements

As part of the Company's research and development efforts, the Company enters into research collaboration and licensing agreements with unrelated companies, scientific collaborators, universities, and consultants. These agreements contain varying terms and provisions which include fees and milestones to be paid by the Company, services to be provided, and ownership rights to certain proprietary technology developed under the agreements. Some of these agreements contain provisions which require the Company to pay royalties in the event the Company sells or licenses any proprietary products developed under the respective agreements.

Contract Commitments

The following table summarizes our principal contractual commitments, excluding open orders that support normal operations, as of June 30, 2014:

Year Ending December 31,
 
Research and Development and
other Charitable Donations
   
Consultants
   
Operating Leases
 
2014
  $ 5,332,827     $ 220,830     $ 1,133,034  
2015
    4,941,144       -       1,054,961  
2016
    -       -       836,978  
2017
    -       -       70,504  
Total
  $ 10,273,971     $ 220,830     $ 3,095,477  
 
Legal Proceedings
 
In Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. v. Retrophin, Inc., et. al., Case No. 14 CV 4294 (S.D.N.Y.), the plaintiff, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”), asserts that it was misled by two of its customers, Jackson Su (“Su”), and Chun Yi “George” Huang (“Huang”), who are former employees of the Company, and who induced Schwab to wrongfully execute sales of their restricted shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Shares”).  Schwab has also alleged that certain agents of the Company provided incorrect information to Schwab in connection with the sale of the Shares.  Schwab has alleged that as a result of its detrimental reliance on the incorrect information provided to it by the Company’s agents, it has incurred in excess of $2 million in damages.  Su and Huang have asserted “cross-claims” against the Company for alleged fraud and negligent misrepresentation premised upon the Company’s alleged failure to inform them of restrictions on the sale of their Shares.  The Company believes that it has valid defenses against all claims and that it is not responsible for any losses incurred by the other parties. The Company cannot predict the timing or outcome of this litigation.

From time to time the Company is involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes there is no other litigation pending that could have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on its results of operations or financial condition.

NOTE 14. STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Common Stock

The Company is currently authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of $0.0001 par value common stock. All issued shares of common stock are entitled to vote on a 1 share/1 vote basis.
 
Preferred Stock

The Company is currently authorized to issue up to 20,000,000 shares of $0.001 preferred stock, of which 1,000 shares are designated Class "A" Preferred shares, $0.001 par value. Class A Preferred Shares are not entitled to interest, have certain liquidation preferences, special voting rights and other provisions.  No Preferred Shares have been issued to date.
 
 
Issuances

Public Offering - 2014

On January 9, 2014, the Company completed a public offering of 4,705,882 shares of common stock at a price of $8.50 per share. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of $36,835,007, after deducting the underwriting fees and other offering costs of $3,164,990, which were recorded against additional paid in capital.

Restricted Shares

As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, there was approximately $10,549,613 and $1,105,967, respectively, of unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted shares granted.  As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, these amounts are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.73 and 2.19 years, respectively. Unvested restricted shares consist of the following as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013.
 
   
Employee - number of shares
   
Non Employee - number of shares
   
Total number of shares
   
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
Unvested December 31, 2013
    130,215       38,427       168,642       6.44  
Granted
    630,000       -       630,000       17.08  
Vested
    (61,393 )     (28,437 )     (89,830 )     13.85  
Forfeited/cancelled
    (4,155 )     -       (4,155 )     3.00  
Unvested June 30, 2014
    694,667       9,990       704,657       15.40  
 
Stock Options

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value options granted to employees and directors. Compensation expense is recognized over the period of service, generally the vesting period. Stock-based compensation related to stock options totaled $2,299,505 and $3,501,298 for the three and six months ended June 30, 214, respectively. The Company did not record stock based compensation in 2013 related to options.

The unamortized amount of stock options expense totaled $31,649,853 as of June 30, 2014 which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.66 years.

During the six months ended June 30, 2014, 2,686,500 stock options were granted by the Company. The fair values of stock option grants during the six months ended June 30, 2014 were calculated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, except for options granted for market and revenue performance criteria. The following assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes options pricing model:

   
Six months ended June 30, 2014
Risk free rate
 
1.55% - 1.57%
Expected volatility
 
85%
Expected life (in years)
 
5.81
Expected dividend yield
 
-

The risk-free interest rate was based on rates established by the Federal Reserve. The Company’s expected volatility was based on analysis of the Company’s volatility, as well as the volatilities of guideline companies. The expected life of the Company’s options was determined using the simplified method as a result of limited historical data regarding the Company’s activity. The dividend yield is based upon the fact that the Company has not historically paid dividends, and does not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. 

The fair value of 100,000 stock options granted for achievement of market performance of the Company’s stock price during the six months ended June 30, 2014 was calculated using the Binomial Lattice options pricing model. These options vest upon such time as the trailing twenty day average of the closing price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $25 per share (but no earlier than February 24, 2015). The Company will record stock compensation expense for 100,000 options that vest based on revenue performance conditions when achievement is considered probable. The revenue performance options vest upon such time as the Company’s revenues meet or exceed $50 million in the aggregate over any consecutive four fiscal quarter period (but no earlier than February 24, 2015). No compensation has been recorded for the revenue performance options.
 
 
Options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2014 were as follows:
 
         
Weighted Average
     
   
Shares Underlying Options
   
Exercise Price
   
Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
   
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2013
    1,721,000     $ 7.66       9.89     $ 172,000  
   Granted during 2014
    2,686,500       14.57       10       -  
   Exercised
    -       -       -       -  
   Forfeited/cancelled
    (12,500 )     6.20       0.08       -  
Outstanding at June 30, 2014
    4,395,000     $ 11.89       9.65     $ 7,297,560  
Exercisable as of June 30, 2014
    521,417     $ 9.27       9.42     $ 1,810,115  

The intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the closing price of the Company’s common stock as of June 30, 2014, which was $11.74 per share, and the exercise price of the options.

Share Based Compensation

Share based compensation expenses consist of the following for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively:

   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
June 30,
2014
   
June 30,
2013
   
June 30,
2014
   
June 30,
2013
 
Restricted Shares
  $ 2,857,681     $ 91,705     $ 6,513,331     $ 250,909  
Stock Options
    2,150,591       36,683       3,501,295       36,683  
Total
  $ 5,008,272     $ 128,388     $ 10,014,626     $ 287,592  
 
Exercise of Warrants

During the six months ended June 30, 2014, the Company issued 1,962,377 shares of common stock upon the exercise of warrants for cash received by the Company in the amount of $8,337,380. The Company reclassified $23,364,668 derivative liability as equity for the value of these warrants on the date of exercise. The warrants were revalued immediately prior to exercise and the change in the fair value of the warrants was recorded as other expense in the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company.

Stock Repurchases

During the six months ended June 30, 2014, the Company repurchased 248,801 shares of its common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $2,257,336. The Company currently recognizes such repurchased common stock as treasury stock.

NOTE 15.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

In July 2014, the Company amended the license agreement with Mission to secure the Canadian marketing rights to the product.

Stock Option Grants

Subsequent to year end, the Company granted 311,000 options to employees and consultants.

Sublease Agreement

Subsequent to quarter end, the Company entered into a sublease agreement for new office space located in Cambridge, MA. The Company increased its office space for approximately $800,000 of additional rent per annum. The sublease expires on December 31, 2016.
 
 
Clinuvel
 
On July 17, 2014, the Company made a proposal to the board of directors of Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Clinuvel”) to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Clinuvel for either 0.175 shares of common stock of the Company or $2.03 in cash per share for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $89 million. As of July 30, 2014, the Company has invested approximately $4.5 million and acquired approximately 6.7% of the outstanding shares of Clinuvel as part of the proposal process. If Clinuvel accepts the Company’s proposal to acquire all of its outstanding shares of common stock, the Company will need to obtain additional equity or debt financing to consummate the acquisition and consolidation (see Note 3).
 
 

The following discussion and analysis is intended as a review of significant factors affecting our financial condition and results of operations for the periods indicated.  The discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes presented herein.  In addition to historical information, the following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ significantly from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors discussed in this Form 10-Q.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Retrophin, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“we”, “us”, the “Company” or “Retrophin”) include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  The statements herein which are not historical reflect our current expectations and projections about the Company’s future results, performance, liquidity, financial condition, prospects and opportunities and are based upon information currently available to the Company and our management and their interpretation of what is believed to be significant factors affecting the businesses, including many assumptions regarding future events.  Such forward-looking statements include statements regarding, among other things:
 
 
· 
our ability to produce, market and generate sales of our products;
 
 
· 
our ability to develop, acquire and/or introduce new products;
 
 
· 
our projected future sales, profitability and other financial metrics;
 
 
· 
our future financing plans;
 
 
· 
our plans for expansion of our facilities;
 
 
· 
our anticipated needs for working capital;
 
 
· 
the anticipated trends in our industry;
 
 
· 
our ability to expand our sales and marketing capability;
 
 
· 
acquisitions of other companies or assets that we might undertake in the future;
 
 
· 
our operations in the United States and abroad, and the domestic and foreign regulatory, economic and political conditions; and
 
 
· 
competition existing today or that will likely arise in the future.
 
Forward-looking statements, which involve assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words “may,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “seek,” or “project” or the negative of these words or other variations on these words or comparable terminology.  Actual results, performance, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations, prospects and opportunities could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements as a result of various risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the ability to raise sufficient capital to continue the Company’s operations.  Actual events or results may differ materially from those discussed in forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, without limitation, the risks outlined under “Risk Factors” on our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 28, 2014. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q will in fact occur.  Potential investors should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Except as expressly required by the federal securities laws, there is no undertaking to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason.
 
 
The specific discussions in this Form 10-Q about the Company include financial projections and future estimates and expectations about the Company’s business.  The projections, estimates and expectations are presented in this Form 10-Q only as a guide about future possibilities and do not represent actual amounts or assured events.  All the projections and estimates are based exclusively on the Company management’s own assessment of our business, the industry in which it works and the economy at large and other operational factors, including capital resources and liquidity, financial condition, fulfillment of contracts and opportunities.  The actual results may differ significantly from the projections.
 
Potential investors should not make an investment decision based solely on the Company’s projections, estimates or expectations.
 
Overview

Our results of operations discussed below reflect our operations during the period in which we are starting up our operations. As a result, these results should not be considered indicative of our anticipated results of operations on a going forward basis.
 
Business

We are a fully integrated biopharmaceutical company focused on the development, acquisition and commercialization of therapies for the treatment of serious, catastrophic or rare diseases.

During the first quarter of 2014, we completed the acquisition of all of the membership interests of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC, a privately-held specialty pharmaceutical company that focuses on treatments for rare diseases. This acquisition expands our ability to address the special needs of patients with rare diseases.

On May 29, 2014, we entered into a license agreement with Mission Pharmacal Company, a privately-held healthcare medications and treatments provider, for the U.S. marketing rights to Thiola (tipronin), the license adds Thiola to our product line.  In July 2014, we amended the license agreement to secure the Canadian marketing rights to the product.

We currently sell the three following products:

 
Chenodal, which is available in the United States for the treatment of patients suffering from gallstones in whom surgery poses an unacceptable health risk due to disease or advanced age.
 
Vecamyl, which is available in the United States for the treatment of moderately severe to severe essential hypertension and uncomplicated cases of malignant hypertension.
 
Thiola, which is available in the United States for the prevention of cysteine (kidney) stone formation in patients with severe homozygous cystinuria.
 
We are developing RE-024, a novel small molecule, as a potential treatment for pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration, or PKAN. Also, we are developing sparsentan, formerly known as RE-021, a dual acting receptor antagonist of angiotensin and endothelin receptors, for the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, or FSGS. We are developing SyntocinonTM Nasal Spray in the U.S. to assist initial postpartum milk ejection, and for the treatment of Schizophrenia. Syntocinon Nasal Spray is currently marketed by Novartis and Sigma-Tau in Europe and other countries for aiding milk let-down. In addition, we are developing RE-034, a synthetic hormone analogue that is composed of the first 24 amino acids of the 39 amino acids contained in ACTH for the treatment of Infantile Spasms, or IS, and Nephrotic Syndrome, or NS. We also has several additional programs in preclinical development.

Our plan of operation for the years ending December 31, 2014 and 2015 is to continue implementing our business strategy, including the commercialization of our three products as well as the clinical development of our drug candidates, focusing primarily on the development of Sparsentan for the treatment of FSGS, RE-024 for the treatment of PKAN, and RE-034 for the treatment of Infantile Spasms and Nephrotic Syndrome, and Syntocinon for the treatment of Schizophrenia. We also intend to expand our drug product portfolio by acquiring additional drugs for marketing or development. During the next 12 months, our principal expenditures may include the following:
 
 
· 
We expect to incur operating expenses, including expanded research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses
 
 
· 
We expect to incur product development expenses, including the costs incurred with respect to applications to conduct clinical trials in the United States for our four products and the costs of ongoing and planned clinical trials. We expect to conduct multiple clinical trials for our assets, including our ongoing Phase 2 clinical trial for Sparsentan for the treatment of FSGS, a Phase 1 clinical trial for RE-024 for the treatment of PKAN, and clinical trials for RE-034 for the treatment of Infantile Spasms and Nephrotic Syndrome.  The expected costs associated with these trials amount to approximately $10-$15 million through June 2015.
 
 
· 
We plan to incur approximately $10 million in pre-clinical expenses in non-human studies to confirm safety and efficacy of our assets.  Such amount includes sponsored research to which we have committed to.
 
 
As part of our planned expansion, we expect to aggressively increase our work staff by hiring up to 100 full-time employees by the end of 2014 for research and development activities and selling, general and administrative activities. Total personnel costs through June 2015 are expected to be approximately $30 million, with $15 million in research and development and $15 million in general and administrative. We expect to incur approximately $2.1 million in expenses related to operating as a public entity.  We will also continue to rely on outside counsel until we are ready to hire internal counsel. We also will incur a total of $4 million in license maintenance fees due to Novartis for the Syntocinon license, and to Dr. Weg for the license of a product for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. In addition, we intend to use clinical research organizations and third parties to perform our clinical studies and manufacturing. At our current and desired pace of commercialization and clinical development of our drugs, through June 2015, we cannot assure you these amounts will be sufficient to fund our operations over the course of the next two years and we may need to expend significantly greater amounts to accomplish our goals.
 
Products and Research and Development Programs

The following table summarizes the status of our product candidates and preclinical programs, each of which will be described and discussed in further detail below.
 
 
 
Chenodal (chenodiol tablets)

Chenodal is a synthetic oral form of chenodeoxycholic acid, a naturally occurring primary bile acid synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, indicated for the treatment of radiolucent stones in well-opacifying gallbladders in whom selective surgery would be undertaken except for the presence of increased surgical risk due to systemic disease or age.

On March 26, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC including the U.S. rights for Chenodal and the intellectual property to develop, manufacture, and sell the product in the United States. We will continue to supply Chenodal to the U.S. market.

We are exploring the steps necessary to gain FDA approval of Chenodal for the treatment of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disease for which there are no FDA approved treatments.  We also plan to develop Chenodal for other indications.
 
 
Vecamyl (mecamylamine hydrochloride)

Vecamyl is an oral nicotinic parasympathetic ganglionic blocker indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe hypertension and uncomplicated cases of malignant hypertension. Mecamylamine was one of first orally available antihypertensive agents introduced in 1954 by Merck & Co., Inc. Oral mecamylamine is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and has a rapid onset and long duration of action. The antihypertensive effects of mecamylamine is a result of its blockade of impulse transmission at sympathetic ganglia due to competition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and stabilization of postsynaptic membranes against excitation by acetylcholine resulting in dilation of blood vessels resulting in reduced blood pressure.

Mecamylamine was removed from the market in 1996 for commercial reasons. In 2000, Manchester reintroduced 2.5-mg mecamylamine in the U.S. market for the treatment of hypertension. On March 26, 2014 we acquired the rights to sell the only approved form of mecamylamine in the U.S. We intend to maintain the supply of mecamylamine to the U.S. market.

Thiola (Tiopronin)

Thiola is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of cystinuria, a rare genetic cystine transport disorder that causes high cystine levels in the urine and the formation of recurring kidney stones. The resulting long-term damage can cause loss of kidney function in addition to substantial pain and loss of productivity associated with renal colic and stone passage. The worldwide prevalence of the disease is believed to be one in 7,000. We have begun to build a salesforce to promote Thiola to targeted physicians.

RE-024

We are developing RE-024, a novel small molecule, as a potential treatment for PKAN. PKAN is the most common form of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Classic PKAN is a genetic disorder that is typically diagnosed in the first decade of life. Consequences of PKAN include dystonia, dysarthria, rigidity, retinal degeneration, and severe digestive problems. PKAN is estimated to affect 1 to 3 persons per million. PKAN typically manifests in childhood with a profound, progressive dystonia and is usually lethal. There are currently no viable treatment options for patients with PKAN. RE-024 is a phosphopantothenate prodrug replacement therapy with the goal of restoring the supply of this operative substrate in PKAN patients. On May 12, 2014, we announced that we have made RE-024 available worldwide to physicians who are treating PKAN patients under local compassionate use regulations. Certain European and South American health regulators have approved the initiation of dosing RE-024 in PKAN under named patient programs.

Sparsentan

Sparsentan, formerly known as RE-021, is an investigational therapeutic agent which acts as both a potent angiotensin receptor blocker, or ARB, which is a type of drug that modulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and is typically used to treat hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and congestive heart failure, as well as a selective endothelin receptor antagonist, or ERA, which is a type of drug that blocks endothelin receptors, preferential for endothelin receptor type A. We have secured a license to sparsentan from Ligand and Bristol-Myers Squibb (who referred to it as DARA). We are developing sparsentan as a treatment for FSGS. FSGS is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease and Nephrotic Syndrome. We are currently enrolling patients for a Phase 2 clinical study of sparsentan for the treatment of FSGS and we expect approximately 100 patients to be enrolled.

Syntocinon Nasal Spray

Syntocinon (oxytocin nasal spray, USP) is our product candidate for multiple indications including milk let-down and for the treatment of Schizophrenia. Syntocinon is currently sold in Europe and other countries by Novartis and Sigma-Tau to aid mothers experiencing problems with milk let-down. Oxytocin is a nonapeptide hormone synthesized by the brain and released by the pituitary gland.

Syntocinon Nasal Spray was an FDA-approved product for aiding milk let-down. Syntocinon Nasal Spray was voluntarily withdrawn from sale by Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, or Novartis, in 1997 for commercial reasons. On December 12, 2013, we secured a royalty-bearing license from Novartis to the U.S. rights for Syntocinon Nasal Spray, including the intellectual property to develop, manufacture, and sell the product in the United States.

Syntocinon Nasal Spray in Milk Let-Down

We are in discussions with regulatory authorities regarding the optimal path to reintroduce Syntocinon to the U.S. market to assist initial postpartum milk ejection from the breasts. Disruption of oxytocin plays an important role in preventing the release of milk from the lactating breast. Numerous psychological and chemical stressors have been implicated in the inhibition of oxytocin release in new mothers resulting in impaired milk-ejection. There are currently no FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of milk let-down in the U.S. We believe that reintroduction of intranasal oxytocin would provide a convenient therapy for new mothers suffering from lactation deficiency.
 
 
Syntocinon Nasal Spray in Schizophrenia

We intend to develop Syntocinon as a potential treatment for Schizophrenia. Current pharmaceutical treatment is limited to powerful antipsychotics with serious side effects and compliance problems. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, approximately one percent of Americans suffer from Schizophrenia. Over the past four years, three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, independent proof-of-concept schizophrenia trials were held. In all three trials, patients were highly symptomatic despite receiving therapeutic doses of an atypical antipsychotic. We believe that the findings of these studies suggest that intranasal oxytocin administered as an adjunct to subjects’ antipsychotic drugs will improve positive and negative symptoms.

RE-034 (Tetracosactide Zinc)

RE-034 is a synthetic hormone analog of the first 24 amino acids of the 39 amino acids contained in ACTH, formulated together with zinc. RE-034 exhibits the same physiological actions as endogenous ACTH by binding to all five melanocortin receptors (MCR), resulting in its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

RE-034 in Infantile Spasms

Infantile Spasms, or IS, also known as West syndrome, is a form of epileptic encephalopathy that begins in infancy. IS is considered a catastrophic form of epilepsy due to the difficulty in controlling seizures and normalization of electroencephalography in addition to strong association with sequelae of developmental delay and mental retardation. Commercially available ACTH formulations that are substantially similar to RE-034 have been shown to be an effective treatment of Infantile Spasms. We intend to initiate a Phase 3 clinical trial of RE-034 for the treatment of Infantile Spasms in the first half of 2015.

RE-034 in Nephrotic Syndrome

We intend to initiate studies of RE-034 for the treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome, or NS. Nephrotic Syndrome is a kidney disorder that leads to proteinuria, a condition in which an excess of proteins are contained in a patient’s urine. Long-term conventional immunosuppression therapies have been used effectively to induce remission of proteinuria; however, many patients with Nephrotic Syndrome will relapse after remission or are resistant to primary and secondary treatments. Commercially available ACTH formulations that are substantially similar to RE-034 have been shown to successfully induce remission of proteinuria in patients with Nephrotic Syndrome. We intend to initiate a clinical trial of RE-034 for the treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome in the first half of 2015.

Results of Operations

We believe our ability to continue operations depends on our ability to raise capital.  Our future depends on the costs, timing, and outcome of regulatory reviews of our product candidates and the costs of commercialization activities, including product marketing, sales and distribution.  These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of assets or the classification of liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Results of Operations for the Three Month Period Ended June 30, 2014 compared to the Three Month Period Ended June 30, 2013

Net Product Sales:
 
We generated our first sales in March 2014 after completing the acquisition of all of the membership interests of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC on March 26, 2014. In May 2014 we entered into a license agreement with Mission for the U.S. marketing rights to Thiola. In July 2014, the Company amended the license agreement with Mission to secure the Canadian marketing rights to the product. We recognized net product sales $5.7 million and $0 respectively for the three month period ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.
 
Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses for the three month period ended June 30, 2014 were $26.2 million compared to $5.1 million for the three month period ended June 30, 2013, which represents an increase of $21.1 million or 413.7%. The expense increase was principally attributable to an increase in our research and development expenses in the amount of $13.1 million, an increase in our professional fees in the amount of $3.3 million, an increase in our compensation and related costs in the amount of $3.5 million, and an increase in our cost of goods sold of $1.2. Our increase in research and development expenses of $13.1 million is a result of an increase our external service provider costs of $9 million for products and research and development programs, an increase in our internal personnel cost of $3.3 million, an increase in license expense of $0.6, and an increase in amortization of $.2 million. Our increase in professional fees of $3.3 million is a result of an increase in stock based compensation of $2 million and an increase of $1.3 million in professional fees related to accounting, consulting, investor and public relations and legal expenses related to corporate matters. Our increase in compensation and related costs of $3.5 million is a result of an increase in stock based compensation of $2 million, and an increase in salary expense of $1.5 million.
 
 
Other Income (Expense)
 
Other income for the three month period ended June 30, 2014 was $26.5 million compared to other income of $.05 million for the three month period ended June 30, 2013, which represents an increase of $26 million or 52,000%. The increase was primarily attributable to the increase in income from the change in fair value of derivative financial instruments of $32.9 million, partially offset by an increase in interest expense of $2.2 million, and finance charges of $4.7 million. The increase in the fair value of derivative financial instruments of $32.9 million was a result of the significant decrease in our stock price.
 
Results of Operations for the Six Month Period Ended June 30, 2014 compared to the Six Month Period Ended June 30, 2013
 
Net Product Sales:
 
We generated our first sales in March 2014 after completing the acquisition of all of the membership interests of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC on March 26, 2014. In May 2014 we entered into a license agreement with Mission for the U.S. marketing rights to Thiola. We recognized net product sales $5.8 million and $0 respectively for the six month period ended June 30, 2014 and 2013.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses for the six month period ended June 30, 2014 were $43.2 compared to $7.4 million for the six month period ended June 30, 2013 which represents an increase of $35.8 million or 484%. The expense increase was attributable to an increase in research and development in the amount of $19.9 million, an increase in our professional fees in the amount of $9.2 million, an increase in our compensation and related costs in the amount of $4.6 million, an increase in cost of goods sold in the amounts of $1.2 million, and an increase in our other selling, general and administrative costs in the amount of $0.9 million. Our increase in research and development expenses of $19.9 million is a result of an increase our external service provider costs of $13.3 million for products and research and development programs, an increase in our internal personnel cost of $4.8 million, an increase in license expense of $1.5 million, and an increase in amortization expense of $0.3 million. Our increase in professional fees of $9.2 million is a result of an increase in stock based compensation of $5.2 million, and an increase in professional fees of $4 million related to accounting, consulting, investor and public relations and legal expenses related to corporate matters. Our increase in compensation and related costs of $4.6 million is a result of an increase in stock based compensation of $3 million, an increase in salary expense of $1.4 million, and an increase in health insurance and employee benefits of $0.2 million. Our increase in other selling, general and administrative costs of $0.9 million is a result of an increase in business development expenses of $1.3 million, an increase in cash expenditures related to business operations of $1.7 million, partially offset by a decrease in stockholder’s settlement of $2.1 million incurred in the prior year.

Other Income (Expense)
 
Other expense for the six month period ended June 30, 2014 was $27.1 million compared to $2.4 million for the six month period ended June 30, 2013 which represents an increase of $24.7 million or 1,029%. The expense increase was primarily attributable to charges from the change in fair value of derivative financial instruments of $18.2 million and an increase in interest expense of $2.2 million, and finance charges of $4.7 million, partially offset by the realized gain on the sale of marketable securities of $0.4 million.
 
Costs and Expenses

Compensation and related costs include salaries, bonuses and benefits to our executives and employees and vested restricted shares and options granted to members and employees.

Professional fees include vested restricted shares granted to consultants and direct transfers of shares to consultants by members; research and development fees for drug candidates (RE-021 and RE-024), for the treatment of FSGS and PKAN and evaluation of potential new technologies; legal expenses related to licensing and production acquisition, employment and consulting agreements and general corporate work; consulting fees; accounting fees; and public and investor relations fees.

Selling, general and administrative include rent expense, depreciation and amortization, settlement charges, travel and entertainment, recruiting, insurance, business developments, advertising and other operating expenses.
 
 
Research and development include consulting fees and expenses related to RE-021 (FSGS) and RE-024 (PKAN).

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Management believes that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future. Therefore we will either need additional equity or debt financing, or need to enter into strategic alliances on products in development to sustain our operations until we can achieve profitability and positive cash flows from operating activities, if ever.
 
Our continued operations will depend on whether we can successfully raise additional funds through equity and/or debt financing. Such additional funds may not become available on acceptable terms, if at all, and we cannot assure you that any additional funding we do obtain will be sufficient to meet our needs in the long term. Since inception, through June 30, 2014, we have raised approximately $155.9 million through capital contributions and notes payable from Retrophin stockholders and related parties.
 
Since our inception in 2011, we have generated losses from operations and we anticipate that we will continue to generate losses from operations for the foreseeable future. From our inception through June 30, 2014, we have incurred a net loss of approximately $129.6 million, including stock-based compensation charge of approximately $39 million and a change in estimated fair value of liability classified warrants recorded of $30.7 million.  At June 30, 2014, we had a working capital of approximately $5.4 million. Our accumulated deficit amounted to $129.6 million at June 30, 2014.

As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, our stockholders’ equity (deficit) was $1 million and ($18.3) million, respectively. Our net loss for the six month period ended June 30, 2014 was $62.1 million compared to $9.8 million for the six month period ended June 30, 2014. Net cash used in operating activities was $21 million for the six month period ended June 30, 2014 compared to $6.8 for the six month period ended June 30, 2013. Operations since inception have been funded entirely with the proceeds from equity and debt financings. As of June 30, 2014, we had cash of $39.9 million. We will continue to fund operations from cash on hand and through the similar sources of capital previously described. We can give no assurance that such capital will be available to us on favorable terms or at all. If we are unable to raise additional funds in the future on acceptable terms, or at all, we may be forced to curtail our desired development. In addition we could be forced to delay or discontinue product development, and forego attractive business opportunities. Any additional sources of financing will likely involve the sale of our equity securities, which will have a dilutive effect on our stockholders.
 
On January 9, 2014, we completed a public offering of 4,705,882 shares of common stock at a price of $8.50 per share. We received net proceeds from the offering of $36,835,007, after deducting the underwriting fees and other offering costs of $3,164,990.

4.50% Senior Convertible Notes due 2019

On May 29, 2014, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) with the investors identified therein (each, including its successors and assigns, an “Investor” and collectively, the “Investors”), relating to a private placement (the “Private Placement”) by the Company of $46 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.50% Senior Convertible Notes due 2019 (the “Notes”), which are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of $17.41 per share. The conversion rate, and thus the conversion price, may be adjusted under certain circumstances. We received $41.9 million after deducting $3 million in unamortized debt discount. The debt discount is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the convertible notes under the effective interest method.

On May 30, 2014, in connection with the Private Placement, we entered into an Indenture (the “Indenture”) with U.S. Bank National Association as Trustee (the “Trustee”), which sets forth the terms and conditions of the Notes. Pursuant to the Indenture, the Notes will bear interest at a rate of 4.50% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2014.  The Notes will mature on May 30, 2019 unless earlier converted or repurchased in accordance with their terms.
 
The Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. The Notes are structurally subordinated to the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing that indebtedness and structurally subordinated to all of the liabilities, including trade payables, of the Company’s subsidiaries.
 
$45 million Senior Secured Credit Agreement
 
On June 30, 2014, we entered into a $45 million Credit Agreement which matures on June 30, 2018. We received $38.8 million after deducting unamortized debt discount. The debt discount is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the notes under the effective interest method.  The term loan made under the Credit Agreement shall mature on June 30, 2018 and bear interest at an annual rate of (i) the Adjusted  LIBOR Rate (as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 10.00% or (ii) in certain circumstances, the Base Rate (as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 9.00%. The Credit Agreement contains customary mandatory prepayment provisions, and provides that voluntary repayment of outstanding amounts will be subject to a prepayment premium as described therein.
 
 
The Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement, and the Guarantees (as defined below) are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and the Guarantors (as defined below), subject to limited exceptions (collectively, the “Collateral”), pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (described below).
 
The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ abilities to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of their businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends. In addition, the Credit Agreement requires the Company and its subsidiaries to meet certain financial tests. Failure by the Company or its subsidiaries to comply with any of these covenants or financial tests could result in the acceleration of the loans under the Credit Agreement.
 
In connection with the Credit Agreement, the Company, its domestic subsidiaries identified therein and U.S. Bank National Association, in its capacity as collateral agent (the “Collateral Agent”), entered into a Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (the “Guarantee and Collateral  Agreement”), which provides for each of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries, subject to limited exceptions (collectively, the “Guarantors”) to  guarantee the full and punctual payment of the Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement (the “Guarantees”). Under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the Company’s obligations and the Guarantees of each Guarantor are secured by the Collateral.
 
The Guarantee and Collateral Agreement contains certain covenants restricting the Company and the Guarantors from changing the  nature of their businesses, becoming bound by a third-party security agreement without proper notice to the Collateral Agent, or disposing of the  Collateral in contravention of the terms thereof or the Credit Agreement (in each case, subject to certain conditions).
 
Final Manchester Payment
 
On June 30, 2014, we made the final payment of $33 million to the sellers of Manchester in full satisfaction of the outstanding amount owed.
 
Clinuvel
 
On July 17, 2014, we made a proposal to the board of directors of Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Clinuvel”) to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Clinuvel for either 0.175 shares of common stock of the Company or $2.03 in cash per share for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $89 million. As of July 30, 2014, we have invested approximately $4.5 million and acquired approximately 6.7% of the outstanding shares of Clinuvel as part of the proposal process. If Clinuvel accepts our proposal to acquire all of its outstanding shares of common stock, we will need to obtain additional equity or debt financing to consummate the acquisition and consolidation.
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 
Operating activities used approximately $21.3 million of cash during the six month period ended June 30, 2014 compared to $6.8 million for the six month period ended June 30, 2013. The increase of $14.5 million was the result of an increase in net loss of $52.4 million offset by non-cash charges of $34 million and a net change in operating assets and liabilities of $3.9 million. Cash used in operations has increased as we have expanded our operations and increased our research and development efforts significantly from the prior year.
 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
Cash used in investing activities for the six month period ended June 30, 2014 was $37.2 million compared to $1.3 million for the six month period ended June 30, 2013. The increase of $35.9 million was primarily the result of net cash payments made upon acquisition of $29.1 million, an increase in the cover of securities sold, not yet purchased of $5.3 million, an increase in  purchase of marketable securities of $4.9 million, an increase in purchase of intangible and fix assets of $3.7 million, and an increase in cash paid for investment of $0.4 million, offset by the proceeds from securities sold, not yet purchased of $4.4 million, the proceeds from sale of marketable securities $1.8 million, and the decrease in repayment of a technology license liability of $1.3 million.
 
 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 
For the six month period ended June 30, 2014, cash provided by financing activities was $92.3 million compared to $8.4 million during the six month period ended June 30, 2013. The increase of $83.9 million was primarily a result of an increase of $41.9 million in proceeds from note purchase agreement, an increase of $38.8 million in proceeds from credit agreement, an increase of $27.6 million in proceeds received from the issuance of common stock, an increase of $8.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of warrants, a decrease in the repayment of amounts due to related parties of $0.9 million, offset by the repayment of the Manchester Note Payable of $31.3 million, and the purchase of treasury stock of $2.3 million.

Other Matters
 
New Accounting Standards
 
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)," which is the new comprehensive revenue recognition standard that will supersede all existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The standard's core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2016, and early adoption is not permitted. Companies will have the option of using either a full retrospective approach or a modified approach to adopt the guidance in the ASU. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.

Emerging Growth Company Critical Accounting Policy Disclosure

We qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the 2012 JOBS Act. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. As an emerging growth company, we can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period.

Off Balance Sheet Transactions

None.


We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and are not required to provide the information under this item.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Evaluation Date”). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls are not effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
As of June 30, 2014, we had identified certain matters that constituted material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, specific material weaknesses include the fact that we (i) have experienced difficulty in generating data in a form and format that facilitates the timely analysis of information needed to produce accurate financial reports, (ii) have experienced difficulty in applying complex accounting and financial reporting and disclosure rules required under GAAP and the SEC reporting regulations, and (iii) have limited segregation of duties. 
 
We are in the process of designing and implementing policies and procedures to remediate our ineffective internal controls over financial reporting in fiscal 2014, including the implementation of a new accounting system and related internal procedures, hiring personnel dedicated to managing disbursements, and hiring independent third-party consultants with expertise in controls and procedures.
 
 
Changes In Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During 2014, our management has taken the following actions that materially affect, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting and to remediate the material weakness described in our 2013 Form 10-K.
 
 
· 
We have begun implementing a new accounting system which will allow us to generate data in a form and format that facilitates the timely analysis of information needed to produce accurate financial reports.
 
·
We have hired additional staff with expertise in applying complex accounting and financial reporting and disclosure rules required under GAAP and SEC reporting regulations.
 
·
We have hired additional staff to assist in segregating duties.
 
· 
We are in the process of redefining our controls and procedures.  We expect to achieve operational effectiveness of these controls in 2014.
 
The post-acquisition integration of Manchester Pharmaceuticals LLC and Mission Pharmacal Company’s related activities during the six months ended June 30, 2014 represents a material change in our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Other than as discussed above, there have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 
Item 1.  Legal Proceedings.
 
In Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. v. Retrophin, Inc., et. al., Case No. 14 CV 4294 (S.D.N.Y.), the plaintiff, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Schwab”), asserts that it was misled by two of its customers, Jackson Su (“Su”), and Chun Yi “George” Huang (“Huang”), who are former employees of the Company, and who induced Schwab to wrongfully execute sales of their restricted shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Shares”).  Schwab has also alleged that certain agents of the Company provided incorrect information to Schwab in connection with the sale of the Shares.  Schwab has alleged that as a result of its detrimental reliance on the incorrect information provided to it by the Company’s agents, it has incurred in excess of $2 million in damages.  Su and Huang have asserted “cross-claims” against the Company for alleged fraud and negligent misrepresentation premised upon the Company’s alleged failure to inform them of restrictions on the sale of their Shares.  The Company believes that it has valid defenses against all claims and that it is not responsible for any losses incurred by the other parties. We cannot predict the timing or outcome of this litigation.

From time to time the Company is involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes there is no other litigation pending that could have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on its results of operations or financial condition.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors.
 
Set forth below are material updates to the risk factors disclosed in “Part I — Item 1A — Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 filed on March 28, 2014.
 
New Risk Factors
 
Risks Related to our Acquisition of the Rights to Sell Thiola in the United States and Canada and Other Potential Acquisitions
 
We may not realize the anticipated financial and strategic benefits from the acquisition of the rights to sell Thiola in the United States and Canada or be able to successfully integrate the acquired rights.
 
We may encounter unexpected difficulties, or incur unexpected costs, in connection with our transition activities and integration efforts, which include:
 
 
· 
the potential disruption of the development of our product candidates;
 
 
· 
the risk that our relative lack of experience in marketing and selling products will not allow us to achieve anticipated sales of Thiola;
 
 
· 
the strain on, and need to continue to expand, our existing operational, technical, financial and administrative infrastructure;
 
 
· 
the challenges in controlling additional costs and expenses in connection with and as a result of the acquisition; and
 
 
· 
the diversion of our management’s attention to integration of operations.
 
If any of these factors impairs our ability to integrate successfully, we may be required to spend time or money on integration activities that otherwise would be spent on the development and expansion of our business.  If we fail to integrate or otherwise manage the Thiola business successfully and in a timely manner, resulting operating inefficiencies could increase costs and expenses more than we planned, could negatively impact the market price of the Notes or our common stock and could otherwise distract us from execution of our strategy.  Failure to maintain effective financial controls and reporting systems and procedures could also impact our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements.
 
We have grown and continue to grow rapidly, and our business and corporate structure has become substantially more complex.  There can be no assurance that we will effectively manage the increased complexity without experiencing operating inefficiencies or control deficiencies.  Significant management time and effort is required to effectively manage the increased complexity of our company, and our failure to successfully do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.
 
 
We have proposed to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals.  If our proposal is accepted, such transaction, if executed, could pose significant risks to our financial position and our stockholders.

On July 17, 2014, we made a proposal to the board of directors of Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Clinuvel”) to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Clinuvel for either 0.175 shares of common stock of the Company or $2.03 in cash per share for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $89 million. As of July 30, 2014, we have invested approximately $4.5 million and acquired approximately 6.7% of the outstanding shares of Clinuvel as part of the proposal process. If Clinuvel accepts our proposal to acquire all of its outstanding shares of common stock, we will need to obtain additional equity or debt financing to consummate the acquisition and consolidation. If Clinuvel accepts our proposal to acquire all of its outstanding shares of common stock, we will need to obtain additional equity and/or debt financing to consummate the acquisition.  We may not be able to obtain equity or debt financing on terms acceptable to us or at all.  Furthermore, in the event we are able to raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our existing stockholders may incur significant dilution.  Alternatively, if we obtain additional debt financing, the terms of such debt may involve significant cash payment obligations as well as covenants and specific financial ratios that may restrict our ability to operate our business.  See also “Risks Related to our Indebtedness—Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.
 
We may in the future engage in acquisitions and joint ventures. We may not be able to complete such transactions, and such transactions, if executed, pose significant risks.

Our future success may depend on our ability to acquire other businesses or technologies or enter into joint ventures that could complement, enhance or expand our current business or offerings and services or that may otherwise offer us growth opportunities. Our ability to enter into such transactions may also be limited by applicable antitrust laws and other regulations in the United States and foreign jurisdictions in which we do business. We may not be able to complete such transactions for reasons including, but not limited to, a failure to secure financing or other events that we cannot control. Any future acquisitions we undertake may be financed through existing cash and/or other debt or equity financing. For example, if we incur additional indebtedness to fund the potential acquisition of Clinuvel, it may limit our ability to pursue other acquisitions or growth strategies.  See also “Risks Related to our Indebtedness—Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.
 
Any transactions that we are able to identify and complete may involve a number of risks, including:
 
·  
the diversion of management's attention to negotiate the transaction and then integrate the acquired businesses or joint ventures;
 
·  
the possible adverse effects on our operating results during the negotiation and integration process;
 
·  
significant costs, charges or writedowns;
 
·  
the potential loss of customers or employees of the acquired business; and
 
·  
our potential inability to achieve our intended objectives for the transaction.
 
In addition, we may be unable to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies with respect to the acquired business, and this may lead to operational inefficiencies. To the extent that we are successful in making acquisitions, we may have to expend substantial amounts of cash, incur debt and assume loss-making divisions.
 
Risks Related to our Indebtedness
 
Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.
 
As a result of our substantial indebtedness, a significant portion of our cash flow will be required to pay interest and principal on our senior secured term loan and interest and principal on the Notes if the Notes are not converted prior to maturity.  We may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations or have future borrowings available to enable us to repay our indebtedness or to fund other liquidity needs.  As of June 30, 2014, we have approximately $91 million of total indebtedness outstanding.
 
Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences to you.  For example, it could:
 
 
· 
make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to the Notes and our other debt;
 
 
· 
increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
 
 
· 
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness and related interest, including indebtedness we may incur in the future, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes;
 
 
· 
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
 
 
· 
increase our cost of borrowing;
 
 
· 
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that may have less debt; and
 
 
· 
limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements or general corporate purposes.
 
 
We expect to use cash flow from operations and outside financings to meet our current and future financial obligations, including funding our operations, debt service and capital expenditures.  Our ability to make these payments depends on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic and other factors, many of which we cannot control.  Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future, which could result in our being unable to repay indebtedness, or to fund other liquidity needs.  If we do not generate sufficient cash from operations, we may be forced to reduce or delay our business activities and capital expenditures, sell assets, obtain additional debt or equity capital or restructure or refinance all or a portion of our debt, including our senior secured term loan and the Notes, on or before maturity.  We cannot make any assurances that we will be able to accomplish any of these alternatives on terms acceptable to us, or at all.  In addition, the terms of existing or future indebtedness may limit our ability to pursue any of these alternatives.
 
Despite current indebtedness levels and restrictive covenants, we may still be able to incur more debt or make certain restricted payments, which could further exacerbate the risks described above.
 
We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur additional debt in the future.  Although our senior secured term loan contains restrictions on our ability to incur indebtedness, those restrictions are subject to a number of exceptions.  We may also consider investments in joint ventures or acquisitions, which may increase our indebtedness.  Moreover, although our senior secured term loan contains restrictions on our ability to make restricted payments, including the declaration and payment of dividends, we are able to make such restricted payments under certain circumstances.  Adding new debt to current debt levels or making restricted payments could intensify the related risks that we and our subsidiaries now face.
 
Our senior secured term loan restricts our ability to engage in some business and financial transactions.
 
Our senior secured term loan restricts our and our subsidiaries’ abilities in certain circumstances to, among other things:
 
·  
incur additional debt;
·  
change the nature of their businesses;
·  
pay dividends and make other distributions on, redeem or repurchase, capital stock;
·  
make certain investments or other restricted payments;
·  
enter into transactions with affiliates;
·  
sell all, or substantially all, of our assets;
·  
create liens on assets to secure debt; or
·  
effect a consolidation or merger.
 
These covenants limit our operational flexibility and could prevent us from taking advantage of business opportunities as they arise, growing our business or competing effectively. In addition, our new senior credit facility requires us to maintain specified financial ratios and satisfy other financial condition tests. Our ability to meet these financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that we will meet these tests.

A default under our senior secured term loan or the Notes may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

In the event of a default under our senior secured term loan, the holders of the indebtedness thereunder generally would be able to declare all of the indebtedness under such term loan, together with accrued interest, to be due and payable. In addition, borrowings under our senior secured term loan are secured by substantially all of our and our domestic subsidiaries’ assets, subject to certain limited exceptions and, in the event of a default under that facility, the lenders thereunder generally would be entitled to seize the collateral, including assets which are necessary to operate our business. 

If an event of default under the Notes occurs, the principal amount of the Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest (including additional interest, if any) may be declared immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions set forth in the indenture governing such notes. Events of default include, but are not limited to:
 
 
• 
failure to pay (for more than 30 days) interest when due;
 
 
• 
failure to pay principal when due;
 
 
• 
failure to deliver Common Stock upon conversion of a Note;
 
 
• 
failure to provide notice of a fundamental change;
 
 
• 
acceleration on other indebtedness of the Company in excess of $10 million (other than indebtedness that is non-recourse to the Company); or
 
 
• 
certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency involving the Company.
 
Accordingly, the occurrence of a default under our senior secured term loan or the Notes, unless cured or waived, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our ability to make payments on the Notes is partially dependent upon our ability to receive dividends and other distributions from our subsidiaries.
 
We will depend in part on dividends and other payments from our subsidiaries to generate the funds necessary to meet our financial obligations, including the payment of principal of and interest on our indebtedness.  Our subsidiaries are legally distinct from us.  Payment to us by our subsidiaries will be contingent upon our subsidiaries’ earnings and other business considerations.  The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends, make distributions, provide loans or make other payments to us may be restricted by applicable state and foreign laws, potentially adverse tax consequences and their agreements, if any, including agreements governing their debt.  As a result, we may not be able to access their cash flow to service our debt, including the Notes, and we cannot assure our noteholders that the amount of cash and cash flow of such subsidiaries will be fully available to us.
 
 
The Notes are structurally subordinated to all obligations of our subsidiaries.
 
The Notes are our obligations and are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other obligations, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries.  Additionally, our senior secured term loan is guaranteed by our subsidiaries and secured by substantially all of their assets.
 
The effect of this structural subordination is that, in the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or similar proceeding involving a subsidiary which is not a guarantor of the Notes, the assets of the affected entity could not be used to pay noteholders until after all other claims against that subsidiary, including trade payables, have been fully paid.
 
The Notes rank junior to any of our secured indebtedness.
 
The Notes are our general unsecured obligations; they are not secured by any of our assets or those of our subsidiaries.  The Notes effectively rank junior to any secured indebtedness, including the senior secured term loan and any other secured indebtedness that we may incur.  In the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up, our assets that secure debt will be available to pay obligations on the Notes only after all debt under such secured debt has been repaid in full from such assets.  As a result, it is likely that there would not be sufficient assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all the Notes then outstanding.  In addition, the terms of the Notes allow us to secure unlimited amounts of debt with our assets, all of which would be effectively senior to the Notes to the extent of the value of such assets.
 
Provisions of the Notes could discourage an acquisition of us by a third party.
 
Certain provisions of the Notes could make it more difficult or more expensive for or prevent a third party to acquire us.  Upon the occurrence of certain transactions constituting a fundamental change, holders of the Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase all of their Notes or any portion of the principal amount of such Notes in integral multiples of $1,000.  We may also be required to increase the conversion rate for conversions in connection with certain fundamental changes.
 
Conversion of the Notes may dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders, including holders who had previously converted their Notes.
 
To the extent we issue shares of common stock upon conversion of the Notes, the conversion of some or all of the Notes will dilute the ownership interests of existing stockholders.  Any sales in the public market of shares of the common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of shares of our common stock.  In addition, the existence of the Notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of the Notes could depress the price of shares of our common stock.
 
 
None.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures.
 
Not applicable. 

Item 5.  Other Information.
 
None.
 
Item 6.  Exhibits
 
(a)  Exhibits
 
4.1
 
Form of Note Purchase Agreement, dated May 29, 2014, by and among the Company and the investors identified therein (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on June 4, 2014)**
4.2
 
Form of Indenture, dated May 30, 2014 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on June 4, 2014)**
 
 
36

 
4.3
 
Form of Note, dated May 30, 2014 (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on June 4, 2014)**
4.4
 
Form of Warrant Certificate, dated June 30, 2014, issued to the Lenders under the Credit Agreement (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on July 7, 2014)**
10.1
 
Employment Agreement, dated May 28, 2014, by and between Retrophin, Inc. and Stephen Aselage (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on June 3, 2014)**
10.2
 
Employment Agreement, dated May 29, 2014, by and between Retrophin, Inc. and Alvin Shih (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on June 4, 2014)**
10.3
 
License Agreement, dated May 29, 2014, by and among Retrophin, Inc. and Mission Pharmacal Company (Portions of Sections 2.3, 6.0, 7.0, 7.1, 8.0, 9.8, 10.0, 11.2, 17.0, 21.1, 21.2, 21.4, 22.0, 26.0, Exhibit A and Exhibit B of the Exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and filed separately with the SEC) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on June 4, 2014)**
10.4
 
First Amendment to Trademark License and Supply Agreement, effective as of July 28, 2014, by and between Mission Pharmacal Company and Retrophin, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on July 29, 2014)**
10.5
 
Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2014, among Retrophin, Inc., the lenders from time to time party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. (Portions of Sections 1.01, 6.01, 6.02, 6.06, 6.07, 6.16, 6.17, 7.01 and Exhibit F of the Exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and filed separately with the Commission.) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on July 7, 2014)**
10.6
 
Form of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2014, among Retrophin, Inc., the Guarantors from time to time party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as Collateral Agent (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on July 7, 2014)**
31.1
 
Chief Executive Officer's Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 *
31.2
 
Chief Financial Officer's Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 *
32.1
 
Chief Executive Officer’s Certification pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 *
32.2
 
Chief Financial Officer’s Certification pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 *
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document ***
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document ***
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document ***
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document ***
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document ***
101.PRE
 
Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document ***
 
*
Filed herewith.
**
Previously filed with the SEC as indicated, and hereby incorporated herein by reference.
***
Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability.
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
Date: August 13, 2014
RETROPHIN, INC.
     
 
By:
/s/ Martin Shkreli
   
Name: Martin Shkreli
   
Title:   Chief Executive Officer
     
 
By:
/s/ Marc Panoff
   
Name: Marc Panoff
   
Title:   Chief Financial Officer
     
     
 
38