10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______ to ______

Commission file number 001-38388

Victory Capital Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		32-0402956
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

15935 La Cantera Parkway, San Antonio, Texas		78256
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(216) 898-2400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value	VCTR	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒	Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
			Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share as of July 31, 2023 was 65,767,516.

Auditor’s PCAOB ID Number: 42 Auditor Name: Ernst & Young LLP Auditor Location: Cleveland, Ohio

TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Information	3
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	40
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	41

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	42
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	42
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	42
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	42
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	43
Item 5.	Other Information	43
Item 6.	Exhibits	43
	Signatures	44

This report includes forward-looking statements, including in the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business.” These forward‑looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding our industry, business strategy, plans, goals and expectations concerning our market position, future operations, margins, profitability, future efficiencies, capital expenditures, liquidity and capital resources and other financial and operating information. When used in this discussion, the words “may,” “believes,” “intends,” “seeks,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “estimates,” “expects,” “should,” “assumes,” “continues,” “could,” “will,” “future” and the negative of these or similar terms and phrases are intended to identify forward‑looking statements in this report.

Forward‑looking statements reflect our current expectations regarding future events, results or outcomes. These expectations may or may not be realized. Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward‑looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to have been correct. Some of these expectations may be based upon assumptions, data or judgments that prove to be incorrect. Actual events, results and outcomes may differ materially from our expectations due to a variety of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Although it is not possible to identify all of these risks and factors, they include, among others, the following; reductions in assets under management (“AUM”) based on investment performance, client withdrawals, difficult market conditions and other factors such as a pandemic; the nature of our contracts and investment advisory agreements; our ability to maintain historical returns and sustain our historical growth; our dependence on third parties to market our strategies and provide products or services for the operation of our business; our ability to retain key investment professionals or members of our senior management team; our reliance on the technology systems supporting our operations; our ability to successfully acquire and integrate new companies; the concentration of our investments in long only small‑ and mid‑cap equity and U.S. clients; risks and uncertainties associated with non‑U.S. investments; our efforts to establish and develop new teams and strategies; the ability of our investment teams to identify appropriate investment opportunities; our ability to limit employee misconduct; our ability to meet the guidelines set by our clients; our exposure to potential litigation (including administrative or tax proceedings) or regulatory actions; our ability to implement effective information and cyber security policies, procedures and capabilities; our substantial indebtedness; the potential impairment of our goodwill and intangible assets; disruption to the operations of third parties whose functions are integral to our exchange traded fund (“ETF”) platform; our determination that we are not required to register as an “investment company” under the 1940 Act; the fluctuation of our expenses; our ability to respond to recent trends in the investment management industry; the level of regulation on investment management firms and our ability to respond to regulatory developments; the competitiveness of the investment management industry; the level of control over us retained by Crestview Partners II GP, L.P.; our status as an emerging growth company ("EGC"); and other risks and factors included, but not limited to, those listed under the caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 6, 2023, which is accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

In light of these risks, uncertainties and other factors, the forward‑looking statements contained in this report might not prove to be accurate. All forward‑looking statements speak only as of the date made and we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward‑looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except shares data)


	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,780		$	38,171
Receivables		92,964			84,473
Prepaid expenses		7,028			8,443
Investments, at fair value		29,991			27,266
Property and equipment, net		22,485			21,146
Goodwill		981,805			981,805
Other intangible assets, net		1,297,574			1,314,637
Other assets		62,794			64,958
Total assets	$	2,538,421		$	2,540,899

Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	57,438		$	50,862
Accrued compensation and benefits		46,177			58,458
Consideration payable for acquisition of business		239,300			230,400
Deferred tax liability, net		119,757			108,138
Other liabilities		42,272			42,117
Long-term debt, net		987,376			985,514
Total liabilities		1,492,320			1,475,489

Stockholders' equity
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share: 2023 - 600,000,000 shares authorized, 81,725,730 shares issued and 65,618,689 shares outstanding; 2022 - 600,000,000 shares authorized, 80,528,137 shares issued and 67,325,534 shares outstanding		817			805
Additional paid-in capital		717,208			705,466
Treasury stock, at cost: 2023 - 16,107,041 shares; 2022 - 13,202,603 shares		(377,670	)		(285,425	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		34,287			35,442
Retained earnings		671,459			609,122
Total stockholders' equity		1,046,101			1,065,410
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,538,421		$	2,540,899

See the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Revenue
Investment management fees	$	159,410		$	168,129		$	316,246		$	347,594
Fund administration and distribution fees		44,816			47,877			89,300			98,431
Total revenue		204,226			216,006			405,546			446,025

Expenses
Personnel compensation and benefits		54,940			57,582			112,542			122,483
Distribution and other asset-based expenses		37,344			40,868			74,998			84,452
General and administrative		13,250			13,921			25,638			26,683
Depreciation and amortization		9,650			10,758			21,330			21,365
Change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business		1,500			(26,600	)		8,900			(30,100	)
Acquisition-related costs		16			143			18			260
Restructuring and integration costs		—			8			29			17
Total operating expenses		116,700			96,680			243,455			225,160

Income from operations		87,526			119,326			162,091			220,865

Other income (expense)
Interest income and other (expense) income		1,971			(3,443	)		3,515			(3,650	)
Interest expense and other financing costs		(14,902	)		(9,925	)		(29,141	)		(19,158	)
Loss on debt extinguishment		—			(963	)		—			(2,518	)
Total other expense, net		(12,931	)		(14,331	)		(25,626	)		(25,326	)

Income before income taxes		74,595			104,995			136,465			195,539

Income tax expense		(17,924	)		(25,790	)		(30,521	)		(45,061	)

Net income	$	56,671		$	79,205		$	105,944		$	150,478

Earnings per share of common stock
Basic	$	0.85		$	1.16		$	1.58		$	2.19
Diluted	$	0.83		$	1.09		$	1.53		$	2.05

Weighted average number of shares outstanding
Basic		66,466			68,521			66,874			68,633
Diluted		68,500			72,867			69,037			73,265

Dividends declared per share of common stock	$	0.32		$	0.25		$	0.64		$	0.50

See the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(In thousands)


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Net income	$	56,671		$	79,205		$	105,944		$	150,478

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Net unrealized income (loss) on cash flow hedges		3,919			5,214			(1,169	)		21,490
Net unrealized (loss) income on foreign currency translation		(6	)		(210	)		14			(287	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		3,913			5,004			(1,155	)		21,203

Comprehensive income	$	60,584		$	84,209		$	104,789		$	171,681

See the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(In thousands)


									Accumulated
						Additional			Other
						Paid-In			Comprehensive			Retained
	Common Stock		Treasury Stock			Capital			Income			Earnings			Total
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	805	$	(285,425	)	$	705,466		$	35,442		$	609,122		$	1,065,410
Issuance of common stock		—		—			60			—			—			60
Repurchase of shares		—		(32,903	)		—			—			—			(32,903	)
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(11,656	)		—			—			—			(11,656	)
Vesting of restricted share grants		7		—			(7	)		—			—			—
Exercise of options		3		—			1,707			—			—			1,710
Other comprehensive income		—		—			—			(5,068	)		—			(5,068	)
Share-based compensation		—		—			4,252			—			—			4,252
Dividends paid		—		—			—			—			(22,524	)		(22,524	)
Net income		—		—			—			—			49,273			49,273
Balance, March 31, 2023		815		(329,984	)		711,478			30,374			635,871			1,048,554
Issuance of common stock		—		—			51			—			—			51
Repurchase of shares		—		(44,496	)		—			—			—			(44,496	)
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(3,190	)		—			—			—			(3,190	)
Exercise of options		2		—			1,437			—			—			1,439
Other comprehensive loss		—		—			—			3,913			—			3,913
Share-based compensation		—		—			4,242			—			—			4,242
Dividends paid		—		—			—			—			(21,083	)		(21,083	)
Net income		—		—			—			—			56,671			56,671
Balance, June 30, 2023	$	817	$	(377,670	)	$	717,208		$	34,287		$	671,459		$	1,046,101


									Accumulated
						Additional			Other
						Paid-In			Comprehensive		Retained
	Common Stock		Treasury Stock			Capital			Income		Earnings			Total
Balance, December 31, 2021	$	772	$	(153,200	)	$	673,572		$	5,972	$	402,811		$	929,927
Issuance of common stock		—		—			69			—		—			69
Repurchase of shares		—		(9,437	)		—			—		—			(9,437	)
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(9,317	)		—			—		—			(9,317	)
Vesting of restricted share grants		5		—			(5	)		—		—			—
Exercise of options		2		—			1,231			—		—			1,233
Other comprehensive income		—		—			—			16,199		—			16,199
Share-based compensation		—		—			3,945			—		—			3,945
Dividends paid		—		—			—			—		(17,618	)		(17,618	)
Net income		—		—			—			—		71,273			71,273
Balance, March 31, 2022		779		(171,954	)		678,812			22,171		456,466			986,274
Issuance of common stock		—		—			80			—		—			80
Repurchase of shares		—		(16,908	)		—			—		—			(16,908	)
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(4,839	)		—			—		—			(4,839	)
Vesting of restricted share grants		1		—			(1	)		—		—			—
Exercise of options		4		—			1,687			—		—			1,691
Other comprehensive income		—		—			—			5,004		—			5,004
Share-based compensation		—		—			4,965			—		—			4,965
Dividends paid		—		—			—			—		(17,291	)		(17,291	)
Net income		—		—			—			—		79,205			79,205
Balance, June 30, 2022	$	784	$	(193,701	)	$	685,543		$	27,175	$	518,380		$	1,038,181

See the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(In thousands)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	105,944		$	150,478
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for deferred income taxes		12,003			21,033
Depreciation and amortization		21,330			21,365
Deferred financing costs and derivative and accretion expense		2,104			2,296
Stock-based and deferred compensation		11,356			6,995
Change in fair value of contingent consideration obligations		8,900			(30,100	)
Unrealized (appreciation) depreciation on investments		(1,375	)		4,089
Noncash lease expense		(214	)		196
Loss on equity method investment		—			66
Loss on debt extinguishment		—			2,518
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables		(8,491	)		13,419
Prepaid expenses		(928	)		(1,107	)
Other assets		(1,999	)		(86	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		5,388			(16,677	)
Accrued compensation and benefits		(12,279	)		(8,483	)
Other liabilities		(177	)		(947	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		141,562			165,055

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment		(2,572	)		(2,910	)
Purchases of investments		(4,292	)		(10,043	)
Sales of investments		2,942			8,181
Purchase of equity method investment		—			(1,500	)
Acquisition of business and assets, net of cash acquired		—			(880	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(3,922	)		(7,152	)

Cash flows from financing activities
Issuance of common stock		3,260			3,073
Repurchase of common stock		(79,912	)		(29,363	)
Payments of taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards		(11,775	)		(8,556	)
Repayments of long-term senior debt		—			(115,000	)
Payment of dividends		(43,607	)		(34,739	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(132,034	)		(184,585	)

Effect of changes of foreign exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents		3			(133	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		5,609			(26,815	)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		38,171			69,533
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	43,780		$	42,718

Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	$	32,729		$	14,480
Cash paid for income taxes		24,465			23,154
Noncash items
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	—		$	2,991

See the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS

Victory Capital Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (along with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, collectively referred to as the “Company,” “Victory,” or in the first-person notations of “we,” “us,” and “our”), was formed on February 13, 2013 for the purpose of acquiring Victory Capital Management Inc. (“VCM”) and Victory Capital Services, Inc. (“VCS”), formerly known as Victory Capital Advisers, Inc., which occurred on August 1, 2013. On February 12, 2018, the Company completed the initial public offering (the “IPO”) of its Common Stock, which trades on the NASDAQ under the symbol “VCTR.”

On July 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition (the “USAA AMCO Acquisition” or “USAA AMCO”) of USAA Asset Management Company and Victory Capital Transfer Agency, Inc. (“VCTA”), formerly known as the USAA Transfer Agency Company d/b/a USAA Shareholder Account Services. The USAA AMCO Acquisition included USAA’s mutual fund and ETF businesses and its 529 Education Savings Plan. Refer to Note 4, Acquisitions, for further details on the acquisition.

VCM is a registered investment adviser managing assets through mutual funds, institutional separate accounts, separately managed account products, unified managed account products, third-party ETF model strategies, collective trust funds, private funds, undertakings for the collective investment in transferrable securities, other pooled vehicles and ETFs.

VCM also provides mutual fund administrative services for the Victory Portfolios, Victory Variable Insurance Funds, the mutual fund series of the Victory Portfolios II and the Victory Portfolios III (collectively, the “Victory Funds”), a family of open-end mutual funds, and the VictoryShares (the Company’s ETF brand). Additionally, VCM employs all of the Company’s United States investment professionals across its Franchises and Solutions, which are not separate legal entities. VCM’s wholly-owned subsidiaries include RS Investment Management (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., RS Investments (Hong Kong) Limited, RS Investments (UK) Limited, Victory Capital Digital Assets, LLC and NEC Pipeline LLC.

VCS is registered with the SEC as an introducing broker-dealer and serves as distributor and underwriter for the Victory Funds, which includes the mutual funds of the Victory Portfolios III (the “Victory Funds III”) and the USAA 529 Education Savings Plan. VCS is also the placement agent for certain private funds managed by VCM. VCTA is registered with the SEC as a transfer agent for the Victory Funds III.

NOTE 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the SEC regarding interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete annual financial statements. As such, the information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the operations of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, after elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions. Our involvement with non-consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) includes sponsored investment funds and, in 2022, an equity method investment.

For further discussion regarding VIEs, refer to Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. For further discussion on the equity method investment, refer to Note 13, Equity Method Investment, to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and the notes. Actual results may ultimately differ materially from those estimates.

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New Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted in 2023

•

Expected Credit Losses: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 creates a new model for determining current expected credit losses (“CECL”) on trade and other receivables, net investments in leases, contract assets and long-term receivables. The CECL impairment model requires companies to consider the risk of loss even if it is remote and to include forecasts of future economic conditions as well as information about past events and current conditions. The effective date for calendar-year public business entities was January 1, 2020. As an EGC, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023, and the adoption did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

•

Fair Value Measurements: In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, “Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions” to clarify guidance for determining the fair value of certain equity securities and eliminate diversity in practice. ASU 2022-03 states that contractual sale restrictions should not be considered when measuring the fair value of an equity security and requires new disclosures for entities with equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions. As the Company will lose its EGC status as of December 31, 2023, the Company will adopt ASU 2022-03 on January 1, 2024, the effective date for calendar-year public business entities. Because the Company does not have equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions, ASU 2022-03 is not expected to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3. Revenue RECOGNITION

In accordance with revenue recognition standard requirements, the following table disaggregates our revenue by type and product:


	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022			2023			2022
Investment management fees
Mutual funds (Victory Funds)	$	109,689	$	117,354		$	218,105		$	244,827
ETFs (VictoryShares)		5,260		5,016			10,701			9,950
Separate accounts and other vehicles		42,653		46,314			85,235			94,612
Performance-based fees
Mutual funds (Victory Funds III)		1,712		(380	)		2,402			(1,283	)
Separate accounts and other vehicles		96		(175	)		(197	)		(512	)
Total investment management fees		159,410		168,129			316,246			347,594

Fund administration and distribution fees
Administration fees
Mutual funds (Victory Funds)	$	24,927		26,337		$	49,303			54,721
ETFs (VictoryShares)		724		901			1,434			1,422
Distribution fees
Mutual funds (Victory Funds)		5,590		6,342			11,330			13,136
Transfer agent fees
Mutual funds (Victory Funds III)		13,575		14,297			27,233			29,152
Total fund administration and distribution fees		44,816		47,877			89,300			98,431

Total revenue	$	204,226	$	216,006		$	405,546		$	446,025

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The following table presents balances of receivables:


(in thousands)	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Customer receivables
Mutual funds (Victory Funds)	$	54,533	$	53,835
ETFs (VictoryShares)		2,075		2,239
Separate accounts and other vehicles		28,676		26,652
Receivables from contracts with customers		85,284		82,726
Non-customer receivables		7,680		1,747
Total receivables	$	92,964	$	84,473

Revenue

The Company’s revenue includes fees earned from providing;

•

investment management services,

•

fund administration services,

•

fund transfer agent services, and

•

fund distribution services.

Revenue is recognized for each distinct performance obligation identified in customer contracts when the performance obligation has been satisfied by transferring services to a customer either over time or at the point in time when the customer obtains control of the service. Revenue is recognized in the amount of variable or fixed consideration allocated to the satisfied performance obligation that Victory expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to a customer. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price only when it is probable that a significant reversal of such revenue will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

Investment management, fund administration and fund distribution fees are generally considered variable consideration as they are typically calculated as a percentage of AUM. Fund transfer agent fees are also considered variable consideration as they are calculated as a percentage of AUM or based on the number of accounts in the fund. In such cases, the amount of fees earned is subject to factors outside of the Company’s control including customer or underlying investor contributions and redemptions and financial market volatility. These fees are considered constrained and are excluded from the transaction price until the asset values or number of accounts on which the customer is billed are calculated and the value of consideration is measurable.

The Company has contractual arrangements with third parties to provide certain advisory, administration, transfer agent and distribution services. Management considers whether we are acting as the principal service provider or as an agent to determine whether revenue should be recorded based on the gross amount payable by the customer or net of payments to third-party service providers, respectively. Victory is considered a principal service provider if we control the service that is transferred to the customer. We are considered an agent when we arrange for the service to be provided by another party and do not control the service.

Investment Management Fees

Investment management fees are received in exchange for investment management services that represent a series of distinct incremental days of investment management service. Control of investment management services is transferred to the customers over time as these customers receive and consume the benefits provided by these services. Investment management fees are calculated as a contractual percentage of AUM and are generally paid in arrears on a monthly or quarterly basis.

AUM represents the financial assets the Company manages for clients on either a discretionary or non-discretionary basis. In general, AUM reflects the valuation methodology that corresponds to the basis used for determining revenue such as net asset value for the Victory Funds and certain other pooled funds and account market value for separate accounts. For the NEC Funds, AUM represents limited partner capital commitments during the commitment period of the fund. Following the earlier of the termination of the commitment period and the beginning of any commitment period for a successor fund, AUM generally represents, depending on the fund, the lesser of a) the net asset value of the fund and b) the aggregated adjusted cost basis of each unrealized portfolio investment or the limited partner capital commitments reduced by the amount of capital contributions used to make portfolio investments that have been disposed.

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Investment management fees are recognized as revenue using a time-based output method to measure progress. Revenue is recorded at month end or quarter end when the value of consideration is measured. The amount of investment management fee revenue varies from one reporting period to another as levels of AUM change (from inflows, outflows and market movements) and as the number of days in the reporting period change.

The Company may waive certain fees for investment management services provided to the Victory Funds, VictoryShares and other pooled investment vehicles and may subsidize certain share classes of the Victory Funds, VictoryShares and other pooled investment vehicles to ensure that specified operating expenses attributable to such share classes do not exceed a specified percentage. These waivers and reimbursements reduce the transaction price allocated to investment management services and are recognized as a reduction to investment management fees revenue. The amounts due to the Victory Funds, VictoryShares and other pooled investment vehicles for waivers and expense reimbursements represent consideration payable to customers, which is recorded in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and no distinct services are received in exchange for these payments.

Performance-based investment management fees, which include fees under performance fee and fulcrum fee arrangements, are included in the transaction price for providing investment management services. Performance-based investment management fees are calculated as a percentage of investment performance on a client’s account versus a specified benchmark or hurdle based on the terms of the contract with the customer. Performance-based investment management fees are variable consideration and are recognized as revenue when and to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of the cumulative revenue for the contractual performance period will not occur. Performance-based investment management fees recognized as revenue in the current period may pertain to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods. Fulcrum fee arrangements include a performance fee adjustment that increases or decreases the total investment management fee depending on whether the assets being managed experienced better or worse investment performance than the index specified in the customer’s contract. The performance fee adjustment arrangement with certain equity and fixed income Victory Funds III took effect on July 1, 2020 and is calculated monthly based on the investment performance of those funds relative to their specified benchmark indexes over the discrete performance period ending with that month.

Fund Administration Fees

The Company recognizes fund administration fees as revenue using a time-based output method to measure progress. Fund administration fees are determined based on the contractual rate applied to average daily net assets of the Victory Funds and VictoryShares for which administration services are provided. Revenue is recorded on a monthly basis when the value of consideration is measured using actual average daily net assets and constraints are removed. The Company’s fund administration fee revenue is recorded in fund administration and distribution fees in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company has contractual arrangements with a third party to provide certain sub-administration services. We are the primary obligor under the contracts with the Victory Funds and VictoryShares and have the ability to select the service provider and establish pricing. As a result, fund administration fees and sub-administration expenses are recorded on a gross basis.

Fund Transfer Agent Fees

The Company recognizes fund transfer agent fees using a time-based output method to measure progress. Fund transfer agent fees are determined based on the contractual rate applied to either the average daily net assets of the Victory Funds III for which transfer agent services are provided or number of accounts in the Victory Funds III. Revenue is recorded on a monthly basis when the value of consideration is measured using actual average daily net assets or actual number of accounts and constraints are removed. The Company’s fund transfer agent fee revenue is recorded in fund administration and distribution fees in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company also receives fees for sub-transfer agency services under contracts with the Victory Funds for member class shares. Sub-transfer agency fees are recognized and recorded in a manner similar to fund transfer agent fees and are recorded in fund administration and distribution fees in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company has contractual arrangements with a third party to provide certain sub-transfer agent services. As the Company is the primary obligor under the transfer agency contracts with the Victory Funds III and has the ability to select the service provider and establish pricing, fund transfer agent fees and sub-transfer agent expenses are recorded on a gross basis.

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Fund Distribution Fees

The Company receives compensation for sales and sales-related services promised under distribution contracts with the Victory Funds. Revenue is measured in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for providing distribution services. Distribution fees are generally calculated as a percentage of average net assets in the Victory Funds. The Company’s performance obligation is satisfied at the point in time when control of the services is transferred to customers, which is upon investor subscription or redemption.

Based on the nature of the calculation, the revenue for these services is accounted for as variable consideration. The Company may recognize distribution fee revenue in the current period that pertains to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods as variable consideration is recognized only when uncertainties are resolved. The Company’s distribution fee revenue is recorded in fund administration and distribution fees in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company has contractual arrangements with third parties to provide certain distribution services. The Company is the primary obligor under the contracts with the Victory Funds and has the ability to select the service provider and establish pricing. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is recorded gross of payments made to third parties.

Costs Incurred to Obtain or Fulfill Customer Contracts

The Company is required to capitalize certain costs directly related to the acquisition or fulfillment of a contact with a customer. Victory has not identified any sales-based compensation or similar costs that meet the definition of an incremental cost to acquire a contract and as such we have no intangible assets related to contract acquisitions.

Direct costs incurred to fulfill services under the Company’s distribution contracts include sales commissions paid to third party dealers for the sale of Class C Shares. The Company may pay upfront sales commissions to dealers and institutions that sell Class C shares of the participating Victory Funds at the time of such sale. Upfront sales commission payments with respect to Class C shares equal 1.00% of the purchase price of the Class C shares sold by the dealer or institution. When the Company makes an upfront payment to a dealer or institution for the sale of Class C shares, the Company capitalizes the cost of such payment, which is recorded in prepaid expenses in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortizes the cost over a 12-month period, the estimated period of benefit.

Valuation of AUM and fund investments

The fair value of assets under management of the Victory Funds and VictoryShares is primarily determined using quoted market prices or independent third-party pricing services or broker price quotes. In certain circumstances, a quotation or price evaluation is not readily available from a pricing service. In these cases, pricing is determined by management based on a prescribed valuation process that has been approved by the directors/trustees of the sponsored products. The same prescribed valuation process is used to price securities in separate accounts and the Company’s other non-alternative investment vehicles for which a quotation or price evaluation is not readily available from a pricing service.

The fair value of Level III assets held by alternative investment vehicles is determined under the respective valuation policy for each fund. The valuation policies address the fact that substantially all the investments of a fund may not have readily available market information and therefore the fair value for these assets is typically determined using unobservable inputs and models that may include subjective assumptions. AUM reported by the Company for alternative investment vehicles may not necessarily equal the funds’ net asset values or the total fair value of the funds’ portfolio investments as AUM represents the basis for calculating management fees.

For the periods presented, less than one percent of the Company’s total AUM were Level III assets priced without using a quoted market price, broker price quote or pricing service quotation.

NOTE 4. ACQUISITIONS

USAA AMCO Acquisition

Under the terms of the USAA AMCO Acquisition purchase agreement, a maximum of $150.0 million ($37.5 million per year) in contingent payments is payable to sellers based on the annual revenue of USAA Asset Management Company attributable to all “non-managed money”-related AUM in each of the first four years following the closing. To receive any contingent payment in respect of “non-managed money”-related assets for a given year, annual revenue from “non-managed money”-related assets must be at least 80% of the revenue run-rate (as calculated under the Stock Purchase Agreement) of the USAA Asset Management Company's “non-managed money”-related assets under management as of the closing date, and to achieve the maximum contingent payment for a given year, such annual revenue must total at least

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100% of that closing date revenue run-rate. As of June 30, 2023, a maximum of $37.5 million in contingent consideration for the final earnout period was potentially payable to sellers.

As of June 30, 2023, the fair value of contingent consideration payable to sellers was estimated at $33.7 million, the present value of the expected payment for the last earnout period discounted at a rate that incorporates adjustments for credit risk and the subordination of the contingent consideration. At December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of contingent consideration payable to sellers of $27.7 million was determined using a real options method, where revenue related to “non-managed money” assets was simulated in a risk-neutral framework to calculate expected probability-weighted earn out payments, which were then discounted from the expected payment dates at the relevant cost of debt. The fair value of contingent consideration payable to sellers is recorded in consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The increase in the liability of $1.7 million and $6.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and the decrease in the liability of $9.0 million and $11.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were recorded in change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NEC Acquisition

On November 1, 2021, VCM completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests in New Energy Capital Partners ("NEC"). Founded in 2004 and based in Hanover, New Hampshire, NEC is an alternative asset management firm focused on debt and equity investments in clean energy infrastructure projects and companies through private closed-end funds (the “NEC Funds”).

Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company will pay up to an additional $35.0 million in cash based on net revenue growth over a six-year period following the closing date. The purchase agreement specifies net revenue and payment targets for the 36-month, 48-month and 60-month periods beginning on November 30, 2021 (the “Start Date”) for the contingent payments. It also provides for advance payments and catch-up payments to be made based on actual NEC net management fee revenue, as defined in the purchase agreement, as measured at the end of each 12 month anniversary of the Start Date over a six year period. The maximum amount of contingent payments is due, less any contingent payments previously paid, upon the occurrence of certain specified events within a five year period following the Start Date.

The Company determined that substantially all of the contingent payments payable per the NEC purchase agreement represent compensation for post-closing services. Accordingly, these contingent payments were excluded from the purchase price for the NEC Acquisition. The Company records compensation expense over the estimated service period in an amount equal to the total contingent payments currently forecasted to be paid. NEC contingent payment compensation expense is included in personnel compensation and benefits in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded $1.4 million and $3.0 million in NEC contingent payment compensation expense, respectively. Expense recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was $1.7 million and $3.6 million, respectively.

The liability for NEC contingent payments totaled $11.1 million and $8.1 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which is included in accrued compensation and benefits in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

WestEnd Acquisition

On December 31, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests of WestEnd Advisors, LLC ("WestEnd"). Founded in 2004, and headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, WestEnd is an ETF strategist advisor that provides financial advisors with a turnkey, core model allocation strategy for either a holistic solution or complementary source of alpha. The firm offers four primary ETF strategies and one large cap core strategy in separately managed account structures.

The aggregate purchase price (the “WestEnd Purchase Price”) for the WestEnd Acquisition was $716.1 million, net of cash acquired, which included (i) $475.8 million in cash paid at closing (the “WestEnd Closing”) net of cash acquired, plus the acquisition date value of contingent payments due to sellers of $239.7 million plus $0.6 million paid in cash in April 2022 for net working capital adjustments. The contingent earn-out payments are based on net revenue of the WestEnd business during each of the first four years following the WestEnd Closing, subject to certain “catch-up” provisions over a five and one-half year period following the WestEnd Closing. A maximum of $320.0 million ($80.0 million per year) is payable to sellers in contingent payments.

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A total of $2.9 million of the cash paid at closing was placed in escrow. In April 2022, the $0.5 million of escrow funds reserved for purchase price adjustments was released to sellers. In February 2023, the remaining $2.4 million of escrow funds was released to sellers.

The purchase price of $716.1 million was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of the WestEnd Acquisition. The Company used an independent valuation specialist to assist with the determination of fair value for certain of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities disclosed below.

The excess purchase price over the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed of $536.0 million was recorded to goodwill in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, all of which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill arising from the acquisition primarily results from revenue synergies expected from combining WestEnd and Victory distribution platforms and sales efforts.

The estimated fair value for contingent consideration payable to sellers is estimated using the real options method. WestEnd net revenue growth is simulated in a risk-neutral framework to calculate expected probability-weighted earn out payments, which are then discounted from the expected payment dates at the relevant cost of debt. Significant assumptions and inputs include the WestEnd net revenue projected annual growth rate, the market price of risk adjustment for revenue, which adjusts the projected revenue growth rate to a risk-neutral expected growth rate, revenue volatility and discount rate. The market price of risk adjustment for revenue and revenue volatility are based on data for comparable companies. As the contingent consideration represents a subordinate, unsecured claim of the Company, the Company assesses a discount rate which incorporates adjustments for credit risk and the subordination of the contingent consideration.

The fair value of contingent consideration payable to sellers was estimated at $205.6 million as of June 30, 2023 and $202.7 million as of December 31, 2022. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the change in the liability was a $0.2 million decrease and $2.9 million increase, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the liability decreased by $17.6 million and $18.3 million, respectively. The impact of increasing or decreasing the valuation of the contingent consideration liability is recorded in change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Significant inputs to the valuation of contingent consideration payable to sellers as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows and are approximate values:




	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Net revenue 5 year average annual growth rate		24	%		28	%
Market price of risk adjustment for revenue (continuous)		8	%		11	%
Revenue volatility		21	%		20	%
Discount rate		8	%		8	%
Years remaining in earn out period		4.3			4.8
Undiscounted estimated remaining earn out payments $ millions	$243 - $320			$247 - $320

NOTE 5. Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines the fair value of certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities. Fair value is determined based on the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value determinations utilize a valuation hierarchy based upon the transparency of inputs used in the valuation of an asset or liability. Classification within the fair value hierarchy contains three levels:

•

Level 1—Valuation inputs are unadjusted quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•

Level 2—Valuation inputs are quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and other observable inputs directly or indirectly related to the asset or liability being measured.

•

Level 3—Valuation inputs are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

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The table below shows assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.


	As of June 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Total			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets
Money market funds	$	31,771		$	31,771	$	—	$	—
Investments in proprietary funds		506			506		—		—
Deferred compensation plan investments		29,485			29,485		—		—
Interest rate swap asset		45,387			—		45,387		—
Total Financial Assets	$	107,149		$	61,762	$	45,387	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Contingent consideration arrangements		(239,300	)		—		—		(239,300	)
Total Financial Liabilities	$	(239,300	)	$	—	$	—	$	(239,300	)


	As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Total			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets
Money market fund	$	24,575		$	24,575	$	—	$	—
Investments in proprietary funds		466			466		—		—
Deferred compensation plan investments		26,800			26,800		—		—
Interest rate swap asset		46,931			—		46,931		—
Total Financial Assets	$	98,772		$	51,841	$	46,931	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Contingent consideration arrangements		(230,400	)		—		—		(230,400	)
Total Financial Liabilities	$	(230,400	)	$	—	$	—	$	(230,400	)

Level 1 assets consist of money market funds and open-end mutual funds. The fair values for these assets are determined utilizing quoted market prices for identical assets.

The interest rate swap (the “Swap”) asset represents amounts receivable under a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap transaction entered into by the Company on March 27, 2020. The fair value of the Swap is included in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets in other assets at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Pricing was determined based on a third party, model-derived valuation in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets (Level 2). Refer to Note 14, Derivatives, for further detail on the Swap.

Contingent consideration arrangements include the USAA AMCO and WestEnd earn-out payment liabilities at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Contingent consideration arrangements are included in consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Significant unobservable inputs used to determine the estimated fair value of the USAA AMCO Acquisition earn-out payment liability include the “non-managed money” revenue projected growth rate and discount rate. Significant unobservable inputs for the option pricing model used to determine the estimated fair value of the WestEnd Acquisition earn-out payment liability include the WestEnd net revenue projected growth rate, revenue volatility, market price of risk and discount rate.

For both contingent consideration arrangements, an increase in the projected growth rate for revenue results in a higher fair value for the earn-out payment liability while an increase in the discount rate results in a lower fair value for the earnout payment liability. An increase in the market price of risk and revenue volatility results in a lower fair value for the WestEnd earn-out payment liability. Refer to Note 4, Acquisitions, for further details related to the valuation of contingent consideration payable related to the USAA AMCO Acquisition and WestEnd Acquisition.

Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration arrangement liabilities, realized or unrealized, are recorded in earnings and are included in change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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The following table presents the change in contingent consideration arrangement liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2023.


(in thousands)	Contingent Consideration Liabilities
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	230,400
USAA AMCO change in fair value measurement		6,000
WestEnd change in fair value measurement		2,900
Balance, June 30, 2023	$	239,300

There were no transfers between any of the Level 1, 2 and 3 categories in the fair value measurement hierarchy from December 31, 2022 to June 30, 2023. The Company recognizes transfers at the end of the reporting period.

The net carrying value of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximates fair value due to the short‑term nature of these assets and liabilities. The fair value of our long-term debt as of June 30, 2023 is considered to be its carrying value as the interest rate on the bank debt is variable and approximates current market rates. As a result, Level 2 inputs are utilized to determine the fair value of our long‑term debt.

NOTE 6. Related-Party Transactions

The Company considers certain funds that it manages, including the Victory Funds, the VictoryShares, collective trust funds that it sponsors (the “Victory Collective Funds”), the NEC Funds and other pooled investment vehicles that it sponsors, to be related parties as a result of its advisory relationship.

The Company receives investment management, administrative, distribution and compliance fees in accordance with contracts that VCM and VCS have with the Victory Funds and has invested a portion of its balance sheet cash in the Victory Treasury Money Market Trust and earns interest on the amount invested in this fund.

The Company receives investment management, administrative and compliance fees in accordance with contracts that VCM has with the VictoryShares.

We also receive investment management fees from the Victory Collective Funds, the NEC Funds and other pooled investment vehicles under VCM’s advisory contracts with these funds. In addition, VCTA receives fees for transfer agency services under contracts with the Victory Funds III and sub-transfer agency services under contracts with the Victory Funds for member class shares.

Director fees payable by the Company in cash and contributions made under the Director Deferred Compensation Plan for non-employee members of our Board of Directors are included in general and administrative expense in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The table below presents balances and transactions involving related parties included in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•

Included in cash and cash equivalents is cash held in the Victory Treasury Money Market Trust.

•

Included in receivables (investment management fees) are amounts due from the Victory Funds, VictoryShares, Victory Collective Funds and other pooled investment vehicles for investment management services.

•

Included in receivables (fund administration and distribution fees) are amounts due from the Victory Funds for fund administration services and compliance services, amounts due from the VictoryShares for fund administration services, amounts due from the Victory Funds III for transfer agent services and amounts due from the Victory Funds for sub-transfer agent services.

•

Included in prepaid expenses are amounts paid by VCM that will be invoiced to the NEC Funds in subsequent periods.

•

Included in revenue (investment management) are amounts earned for investment management services provided to the Victory Funds, the VictoryShares, the Victory Collective Funds, the NEC Funds and other pooled investment vehicles.

•

Included in revenue (fund administration and distribution fees) are amounts earned for fund administration and compliance services, transfer agent services and sub-transfer agent services.

•

Realized and unrealized gains and losses and dividend income on investments in the Victory Funds classified as investments in proprietary funds and deferred compensation plan investments and dividend income on

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investments in the Victory Treasury Money Market Trust are recorded in interest income and other income (expense) in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•

Amounts due to the Victory Funds, VictoryShares and other pooled investment vehicles for waivers of investment management fees and reimbursements of fund operating expenses are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and represent consideration payable to customers.


(in thousands)	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Related party assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	31,771	$	24,575
Receivables (investment management fees)		43,960		44,218
Receivables (fund administration and distribution fees)		15,111		14,379
Prepaid expenses		982		1,097
Investments (investments in proprietary funds, fair value)		506		466
Investments (deferred compensation plan investments, fair value)		29,357		24,852
Total	$	121,687	$	109,587

Related party liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (fund reimbursements)	$	5,375	$	5,838


	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022			2023		2022
Related party revenue
Investment management fees	$	121,910	$	128,632		$	241,893	$	267,469
Fund administration and distribution fees		44,816		47,877			89,300		98,431
Total	$	166,726	$	176,509		$	331,193	$	365,900

Related party expense
General and administrative	$	127	$	93		$	249	$	209

Related party other income (expense)
Interest income and other income (expense)	$	1,331	$	(3,193	)	$	2,795	$	(3,538	)

NOTE 7. Investments

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had investments in proprietary funds and deferred compensation plan investments. Investments in proprietary funds consist entirely of seed capital investments in certain Victory Funds. Deferred compensation plan investments are held under deferred compensation plans and include Victory Funds and third party mutual funds.

Unrealized and realized gains and losses on investments in proprietary funds and deferred compensation plan investments are recorded in earnings as interest income and other income (expense).

Investments in Proprietary Funds

The following table presents a summary of the cost and fair value of investments in proprietary funds:


			Gross Unrealized					Fair
(in thousands)	Cost		Gains		(Losses)			Value
As of June 30, 2023	$	558	$	44	$	(96	)	$	506
As of December 31, 2022		551		29		(114	)		466

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The following table presents proceeds from sales of investments in proprietary funds and realized gains and losses recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Sale		Realized
(in thousands)	Proceeds		Gains		(Losses)
For the three months ended June 30, 2023	$	32	$	4	$	—
For the three months ended June 30, 2022		—		—		—


	Sale		Realized
(in thousands)	Proceeds		Gains		(Losses)
For the six months ended June 30, 2023	$	32	$	4	$	—
For the six months ended June 30, 2022		65		—		(2	)

Deferred Compensation Plan Investments

The following table presents a summary of the cost and fair value of deferred compensation plan investments:


			Gross Unrealized					Fair
(in thousands)	Cost		Gains		(Losses)			Value
As of June 30, 2023	$	28,919	$	1,323	$	(757	)	$	29,485
As of December 31, 2022		27,801		529		(1,530	)		26,800

The following table presents proceeds from sales of deferred compensation plan investments and realized gains and losses recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Sale		Realized
(in thousands)	Proceeds		Gains		(Losses)
For the three months ended June 30, 2023	$	939	$	3	$	(31	)
For the three months ended June 30, 2022		6,932		1,769		(203	)


	Sale		Realized
(in thousands)	Proceeds		Gains		(Losses)
For the six months ended June 30, 2023	$	2,910	$	4	$	(232	)
For the six months ended June 30, 2022		8,116		1,872		(215	)

NOTE 8. Income Taxes

The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 differs from the United States federal statutory rate primarily as a result of state and local income taxes, excess tax benefits on share-based compensation and certain non-deductible expenses.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the provision for income taxes was $17.9 million and $25.8 million, or 24.0% and 24.6%, of pre-tax income respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was lower than the effective tax rate for the same period in 2022 due primarily to changes in non-deductible expenses.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the provision for income taxes was $30.5 million and $45.1 million, or 22.4% and 23.0%, of pre-tax income respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was lower than the effective tax rate for the same period in 2022 as a result of increased excess tax benefits on share-based compensation.

No valuation allowance was recorded for deferred tax assets in the periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

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NOTE 9. Debt

The following table presents the components of long-term debt in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


(in thousands)	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			Effective Interest Rate as of June 30, 2023
Term Loans
Due July 2026, 7.29% interest rate	$	630,680		$	630,680		7.68%
Due December 2028, 7.29% interest rate		371,028			371,028		7.61%
Term loan principal outstanding		1,001,708			1,001,708
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(10,037	)		(11,299	)
Unamortized debt discount		(4,295	)		(4,895	)
Long-term debt, net	$	987,376		$	985,514

The Company elects to use three-month term SOFR plus a ten-point credit spread adjustment plus the margin on SOFR required by the 2019 Credit Agreement to pay interest on its debt.

The 2019 Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants that affect, among other things, the ability of the first lien leverage ratio, measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter on which outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility exceed 35.0% of the commitments thereunder (excluding certain letters of credit), of no greater than 3.80 to 1.00. As of June 30, 2023, there were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and the Company was in compliance with the financial performance covenant.

There were no repayments of outstanding term loans under the 2019 Credit Agreement during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

A total of $45.0 million and $115.0 million of the outstanding term loans under the 2019 Credit Agreement was repaid during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The Company recognized a net loss on debt extinguishment of $1.0 million and $2.5 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 due to repayments of term loan principal.

Interest Expense

The following table presents the components of interest expense and other financing costs on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.


	For the Three Months Ended June 30,					For the Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023			2022		2023			2022
Interest expense	$	18,406		$	8,628	$	35,683		$	15,748
Amortization of debt issuance costs		756			807		1,504			1,650
Amortization of debt discount		302			318		600			646
Interest rate swap (income) expense		(4,683	)		52		(8,889	)		901
Other		121			120		243			213
Total	$	14,902		$	9,925	$	29,141		$	19,158

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NOTE 10. Equity

Shares Rollforward

The following tables present the changes in the number of shares of common stock issued and repurchased (in thousands):


	Shares of Common Stock Issued		Shares of Treasury Stock
Balance, December 31, 2022		80,528		(13,203	)
Issuance of shares		3		—
Repurchase of shares		—		(1,032	)
Vesting of restricted share grants		680		—
Exercise of options		295		—
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(390	)
Balance, March 31, 2023		81,506		(14,625	)
Issuance of shares		2		—
Repurchase of shares		—		(1,380	)
Vesting of restricted share grants		27		—
Exercise of options		191		—
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(102	)
Balance, June 30, 2023		81,726		(16,107	)


	Shares of Common Stock Issued		Shares of Treasury Stock
Balance, December 31, 2021		77,242		(8,580	)
Issuance of shares		3		—
Repurchase of shares		—		(293	)
Vesting of restricted share grants		481		—
Exercise of options		222		—
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(285	)
Balance, March 31, 2022		77,948		(9,158	)
Issuance of shares		3		—
Repurchase of shares		—		(640	)
Vesting of restricted share grants		139		—
Exercise of options		271		—
Shares withheld related to net settlement of equity awards		—		(197	)
Balance, June 30, 2022		78,361		(9,995	)

Shares Repurchased and Withheld

Share Repurchase Programs

In March 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a new share repurchase program (the “2023 Share Repurchase Program”) authorizing the repurchase of up to $100.0 million of the Company’s Common Stock. Under the 2023 Share Repurchase Program, which took effect in March 2023, the Company may purchase its shares from time to time through March 31, 2025 in privately negotiated transactions, through block trades, pursuant to open market purchases, or pursuant to any trading plan that may be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the SEC. The amount and timing of purchases under the 2023 Share Repurchase Program will depend on a number of factors including the price and availability of the Company’s shares, trading volume, capital availability, Company performance and general economic and market conditions. The 2023 Share Repurchase Program can be suspended or discontinued at any time. The former $100.0 million share repurchase program, which took effect in May 2022, was completed in March 2023.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company repurchased 1.4 million and 2.4 million shares, respectively, of Common Stock at a total cost of $44.5 million and $77.4 million, which included $0.2 million and $0.6 million of excise taxes payable on shares repurchased, for an average price of $32.25 and $32.09 per share. During the same periods in 2022, 0.6 million and 0.9 million shares were repurchased at a total cost of $16.9 million and $26.3 million for an average price of $26.41 and $28.25.

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As of June 30, 2023, a total of $51.9 million was available for future repurchases under the 2023 Share Repurchase Program, and a cumulative total of 9.5 million shares of Common Stock had been repurchased under programs authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors at a total cost of $238.7 million for an average price of $25.08 per share.

Shares Withheld for net settlement of employee equity awards

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company net settled 0.1 million shares of Common Stock for $3.2 million to satisfy $1.8 million in employee tax obligations and $1.4 million in employee stock option exercise prices. During the same period in 2022, 0.2 million shares were net settled for $4.8 million to satisfy $3.2 million of employee tax obligations and $1.6 million of employee stock option exercise prices.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company net settled 0.5 million shares of Common Stock for $14.8 million to satisfy $11.8 million in employee tax obligations and $3.0 million in employee stock option exercise prices. During the same period in 2022, 0.5 million shares were net settled for $14.2 million to satisfy $11.3 million of employee tax obligations and $2.9 million of employee stock option exercise prices.

Dividend Payments

Dividends paid or payable for the six months ended June 30, 2023 totaled $43.6 million and included quarterly dividends of $42.5 million and $1.1 million in cash bonuses and distributions related to dividends previously declared upon vesting of restricted stock. During the same period in 2022, dividends paid or payable totaled $34.9 million and included quarterly dividends of $34.3 million and $0.6 million in cash bonuses and distributions related to dividends previously declared upon vesting of restricted stock.

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the amount of cash bonuses and distributions related to dividends previously declared on unvested and outstanding restricted share awards and stock options totaled $0.8 million and $1.3 million, respectively, which was not recorded as a liability as of the balance sheet date. A liability will be recorded for these cash bonuses and dividends when the restricted shares and options vest.

NOTE 11. Share‑Based Compensation

Current Period Activity

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued restricted stock awards for 43,808 shares of Common Stock, of which awards for 10,873 shares were fully vested on the grant date, awards for 1,862 shares vest over two years, and awards for 31,073 shares vest two-thirds in two years and one-third in three years.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued restricted stock awards for 480,562 shares of Common Stock, of which awards for 20,999 shares were fully vested on the grant date, awards for 51,919 shares vest over two years, awards for 84,039 shares cliff vest after two years, awards for 258,908 shares vest over three years, awards for 31,073 shares vest two-thirds in two years and one-third in three years and awards for 33,624 shares vest one-third in two years and two-thirds in three years.

Stock option award and restricted stock award activity during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was as follows:


	Shares Subject to Stock Option Awards
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023							2022
	Avg wtd		Avg wtd					Avg wtd		Avg wtd
	grant-date		exercise					grant-date		exercise
	fair value		price		Units			fair value		price		Units
Outstanding at beginning of period	$	4.31	$	7.57		2,884,180		$	3.94	$	6.71		5,315,210
Forfeited		—		—		—			6.46		14.15		(451	)
Exercised		3.89		6.48		(486,176	)		3.68		5.93		(492,817	)
Outstanding at end of the period	$	4.40	$	7.79		2,398,004		$	3.97	$	6.79		4,821,942
Vested	$	4.36	$	7.68		2,221,806		$	3.92	$	6.65		4,617,326
Unvested		4.85		9.23		176,198			5.05		9.92		204,616

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	Restricted Stock Awards
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023					2022
	Avg wtd grant-					Avg wtd grant-
	date fair value		Units			date fair value		Units
Unvested at beginning of period	$	25.38		1,153,515		$	17.75		1,352,839
Granted		29.88		480,562			31.83		548,537
Vested		22.60		(707,556	)		17.30		(620,111	)
Forfeited		28.24		(3,240	)		28.86		(8,519	)
Unvested at end of period	$	29.81		923,281		$	23.94		1,272,746

The Company recorded $4.2 million and $5.0 million of share-based compensation expense in the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $8.5 million and $8.9 million of share-based compensation expense in the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, in personnel compensation and benefits in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 12. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share from net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income	$	56,671	$	79,205	$	105,944	$	150,478
Shares:
Basic: Weighted average number of shares outstanding		66,466		68,521		66,874		68,633
Plus: Incremental shares from assumed conversion of dilutive instruments		2,034		4,346		2,163		4,632
Diluted: Weighted average number of shares outstanding		68,500		72,867		69,037		73,265
Earnings per share
Basic:	$	0.85	$	1.16	$	1.58	$	2.19
Diluted:	$	0.83	$	1.09	$	1.53	$	2.05

Outstanding instruments excluded from the computation of weighted average shares for diluted earnings per share because the effect would be anti-dilutive were de minimis in amount for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. The amount of outstanding instruments excluded from the computation of weighted average shares for diluted earnings per share because the effect would be anti-dilutive was 0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Holders of non-vested share-based compensation awards do not have rights to receive nonforfeitable dividends on the shares covered by the awards.

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NOTE 13. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.


				Cumulative
	Cash Flow			Translation
(in thousands)	Hedges (a)			Adjustment			Total
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	35,614		$	(172	)	$	35,442
Other comprehensive income before reclassification and tax		7,345			19			7,364
Tax impact		(1,783	)		(5	)		(1,788	)
Reclassification adjustments, before tax		(8,889	)		—			(8,889	)
Tax impact		2,158			—			2,158
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,169	)		14			(1,155	)
Balance, June 30, 2023	$	34,445		$	(158	)	$	34,287
Balance, December 31, 2021	$	5,895		$	77		$	5,972
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification and tax		27,436			(382	)		27,054
Tax impact		(6,629	)		95			(6,534	)
Reclassification adjustments, before tax		901			—			901
Tax impact		(218	)		—			(218	)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)		21,490			(287	)		21,203
Balance, June 30, 2022	$	27,385		$	(210	)	$	27,175

(a)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to cash flow hedges are recorded in interest expense and other financing costs.

NOTE 14. DERIVATIVES

Interest Rate Swaps

On March 27, 2020, the Company entered into the Swap to manage interest rate risk associated with a portion of its floating-rate long-term debt. The Company does not purchase or hold any derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Under the terms of the original Swap agreement, the Company paid interest at a fixed rate of interest on a quarterly basis and received interest at the three-month LIBOR rate in effect for that quarter.

On September 26, 2022, the Company and the Swap counterparty executed an amendment to the Swap to update LIBOR conventions to SOFR conventions and to modify the fixed rate for the change from three-month LIBOR to three-month Term SOFR effective on October 6, 2022. There was no change to the $450 million notional value, the July 1, 2026 expiration date, the quarterly payment frequency or the designated three-month maturity from the Swap Amendment. The interest rate effectively fixed by the Swap on $450 million of the Company’s outstanding term loan debt through July 1, 2026 changed from 3.215% to 3.149% as a result of the amendment to the Swap.

The designation of a derivative instrument as a hedge and its ability to meet the hedge accounting criteria determine how the Company reflects the change in fair value of the derivative instrument. A derivative qualifies for hedge accounting treatment if, at inception, it meets defined correlation and effectiveness criteria. These criteria require that the anticipated cash flows and/or changes in fair value of the hedging instrument substantially offset those of the position being hedged. The Swap is assessed for effectiveness and continued qualification for hedge accounting on a quarterly basis. Since inception, the Swap was deemed to be highly effective.

The Swap is designated as a cash flow hedge. Accordingly, the Swap is measured at fair value with mark-to-market gains or losses deferred and included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, to the extent the hedge is determined to be effective. Gains or losses from the Swap are reclassified to interest expense in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The amount receivable from the Swap counterparty at June 30, 2023 of $4.4 million is included in other assets in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table summarizes the classification of the Swap in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the notional amount at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):


Balance Sheets	Description	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Other assets	Fair value of interest rate swap	$	45,387	$	46,931
	Notional amount		450,000		450,000

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The following table summarizes the effects of the Swap in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):


		Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
		June 30,					June 30,
Statement of Operations	Description	2023		2022			2023		2022
Interest expense and other financing costs	Income (loss) reclassified from AOCI(L)	$	4,683	$	(52	)	$	8,889	$	(901	)


		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
		June 30,				June 30,
Statements of Comprehensive Income	Description	2023		2022		2023			2022
Other comprehensive income (loss)	Income (loss) recognized in AOCI(L), net of tax	$	3,919	$	5,214	$	(1,169	)	$	21,490

NOTE 15. LEASES

The Company determines if a contract is a lease at inception. We have leases primarily for office facilities and information technology equipment. All of our leases are classified as operating leases.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to the Company’s operating leases as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was as follows (in thousands):


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Operating lease ROU assets(1)	$	11,020	$	13,396
Current portion of operating lease liabilities(2)		4,689		5,056
Noncurrent portion of operating lease liabilities(2)		8,065		10,227
Total operating lease liabilities	$	12,754	$	15,283

(1)

ROU assets are recorded in other assets on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)

Current portion and noncurrent portion of operating lease liabilities are recorded in other liabilities on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.



	June 30, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term	4.2 years
Weighted-average discount rate		4.5	%

The components of lease expense and other lease information as of and during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

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	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Operating lease cost	$	1,300		$	1,300		$	2,604		$	2,665
Short-term lease cost		—			21			—			42
Variable lease cost		438			386			930			884
Gross lease cost		1,738			1,707			3,534			3,591
Sub-lease income		(203	)		(206	)		(406	)		(415	)
Net lease cost	$	1,535		$	1,501		$	3,128		$	3,176

Other lease information
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	1,423		$	1,192		$	2,818		$	2,469

In general, our leases have remaining lease terms of approximately 1 year to 5 years. These leases generally contain renewal options for periods ranging from two to five years. Because the Company is not reasonably certain to exercise these renewal options, the options are not considered in determining the lease term and associated potential option payments are excluded from lease payments. Expenses associated with operating leases are recorded in general and administrative expenses on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Variable lease costs, such as utilities and common area maintenance charges, are excluded from lease liabilities and expensed as incurred. The variable lease costs are determined based on terms in the lease contracts and primarily relate to usage of the ROU asset and services received from the lessor.

The following table summarizes the maturity of our operating lease liabilities as of June 30, 2023 (in thousands):


	Operating Leases
2023	$	2,786
2024		4,112
2025		2,415
2026		1,623
2027		1,069
Thereafter		1,929
Total undiscounted lease payments		13,934
Less: imputed interest		1,180
Total lease liabilities	$	12,754

NOTE 16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On August 3, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.32 per share. The dividend is payable on September 25, 2023, to shareholders of record on September 11, 2023.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the “Company,” “Victory,” or in the first-person notations of “we,” “us,” and “our” shall mean Victory Capital Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Objective

The objective of this section of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is intended to provide a discussion and analysis, from management’s perspective, of the key performance indicators and material information necessary to assess our financial condition and results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. In addition, we also discuss the Company’s contractual and off-balance sheet arrangements. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated

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financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements and should also be read in conjunction with the disclosures and information contained in “Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Overview

Our Business – Victory is a diversified global asset management firm with $161.6 billion in AUM as of June 30, 2023. The Company operates a next-generation business model combining boutique investment qualities with the benefits of an integrated, centralized operating and distribution platform.

The Company provides specialized investment strategies to institutions, intermediaries, retirement platforms and individual investors. With 12 autonomous Investment Franchises and a Solutions Platform, Victory offers a wide array of investment products, including actively and passively managed mutual funds, rules-based and active ETFs, institutional separate accounts, VIPs, ESG and impact investment strategies, alternative investments, private closed end funds, and a 529 Education Savings Plan. Victory Capital’s strategies are also offered through third-party investment products, including mutual funds, third-party ETF model strategies, retail SMAs and UMAs through wrap account programs, CITs, and UCITs. As of June 30, 2023, our Franchises and our Solutions Platform collectively managed a diversified set of 126 investment strategies for a wide range of institutional and retail clients and direct investors.

On April 24, 2023, we introduced “Victory Capital InVest”, the new brand for our direct investor business and announced the expansion of the business to include “Marketplace”, our new open architecture brokerage platform for individual investors. Marketplace provides investors with access to trade individual stocks as well as a broad range of mutual funds and ETFs from many providers. Investors can also choose mutual funds and ETFs from Victory Capital.

Franchises – Our Franchises are largely operationally integrated but are separately branded and make investment decisions independently from one another within guidelines established by their respective investment mandates. Our largely integrated model creates a supportive environment in which our investment professionals, largely unencumbered by administrative and operational responsibilities, can focus on their pursuit of investment excellence. VCM employs all of our U.S. investment professionals across our Franchises, which are not separate legal entities.

Solutions – Our Solutions Platform consists of multi-asset, multi-manager, quantitative, rules-based, factor-based, and customized portfolios. These strategies are designed to achieve specific return characteristics, with products that include values-based and thematic outcomes and exposures. We offer our Solutions Platform through a variety of vehicles, including separate accounts, mutual funds, UMA accounts, rules-based and active ETFs under our VictoryShares ETF brand. Like our Franchises, our Solutions Platform is operationally integrated and supported by our centralized distribution, marketing and operational support functions.

Professionals within our institutional and retail distribution channels, direct investor business and marketing organization sell our products through our centralized distribution model. Our institutional sales team focuses on cultivating relationships with institutional consultants, who account for the majority of the institutional market, as well as asset allocators seeking sub-advisers. Our retail sales team offers intermediary and retirement platform clients, including broker-dealers, retirement platforms and RIA networks, mutual funds and ETFs as well as SMAs through wrap fee programs and access to our investment models through UMAs. Our direct investor business serves the investment needs of clients including USAA members, the military community, and other individual clients.

We have grown our AUM from $17.9 billion following the management-led buyout with Crestview GP in August 2013 to $161.6 billion at June 30, 2023. We attribute this growth to our success in sourcing acquisitions and evolving them into organic growers, generating strong investment returns, and developing institutional, retail, and direct investor channels with deep penetration.

WestEnd Acquisition (the “WestEnd Acquisition”) – On December 31, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests of WestEnd pursuant to the WestEnd purchase agreement, resulting in WestEnd becoming the Company’s twelfth investment franchise. Founded in 2004, and headquartered in Charlotte, NC, WestEnd is an ETF strategist advisor that provides financial advisors with a turnkey, core model allocation strategy for either a holistic solution or complementary source of alpha. The firm offers four primary ETF strategies and one large cap core strategy, all in tax efficient SMA structures. At December 31, 2021, the WestEnd acquired assets totaled $19.3 billion.

The aggregate purchase price (the “WestEnd Purchase Price”) for the WestEnd Acquisition was estimated at $716.1 million, net of cash acquired, which includes (i) $475.8 million in cash paid at closing (the “WestEnd Closing”) net of cash acquired plus the acquisition date value of contingent payments due to sellers of $239.7 million plus $0.6 million paid in cash in April 2022 for net working capital adjustments. The contingent earn-out payments are based on net revenue of the WestEnd

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business during each of the first four years following the WestEnd Closing, subject to certain “catch-up” provisions over a five and one half year period following the WestEnd Closing. A maximum of $320.0 million ($80.0 million per year) in earn-out payments may be paid.

The estimated fair value of contingent consideration payable to sellers was estimated at $205.6 million at June 30, 2023 as compared to $202.7 million at December 31, 2022 and is included in consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The increase in the liability of $2.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was recorded in change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Refer to Note 4, Acquisitions, for further details on the WestEnd Acquisition.

NEC Acquisition (the “NEC Acquisition”) – On November 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests in NEC, resulting in NEC becoming the Company’s eleventh investment franchise. Founded in 2004 and based in Hanover, NH, NEC is an alternative asset management firm focused on debt and equity investments in clean energy infrastructure projects and companies.

The purchase price for the NEC Acquisition was $63.1 million, which included $62.8 million in cash paid at closing, net of cash acquired, and $0.3 million paid in cash in March 2022 for net working capital adjustments. Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company will pay up to an additional $35.0 million in cash based on net revenue growth over a six year period following the closing date. Refer to Note 4, Acquisitions, for further details on the NEC Acquisition.

USAA AMCO Acquisition – On July 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition (the “USAA AMCO Acquisition”) of USAA Asset Management Company and VCTA, formally known as the USAA Transfer Agency Company. The acquisition expanded and diversified the Company’s investment platform and increased the Company’s size and scale. The acquisition also provided the Company the rights to offer products and services using the USAA brand and the opportunity to offer its products to USAA members through a direct distribution channel.

A maximum of $150.0 million ($37.5 million per year) in contingent payments is payable to sellers based on the annual revenue of USAA Asset Management Company attributable to all “non-managed money”-related AUM in each of the first four years following the closing date. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we paid $37.5 million in cash to sellers for the first annual contingent payment. In the fourth quarter of 2021, we paid $37.5 million in cash to sellers for the second annual contingent payment. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company paid $37.5 million in cash to sellers for the third annual earn out period for the USAA AMCO Acquisition.

The estimated fair value of contingent consideration payable to sellers was estimated at $33.7 million at June 30, 2023 as compared to $27.7 million at December 31, 2022 and is included in consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The increase in the liability of $6.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was recorded in change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Refer to Note 4, Acquisitions, for further details on the USAA AMCO Acquisition.

Business Highlights

Assets under management:

•

AUM at June 30, 2023 increased by $3.0 billion, or 1.9%, to $161.6 billion from $158.6 billion at March 31, 2023, driven by positive market action of $5.5 billion partially offset by net outflows of $2.4 billion. Net flows for the quarter ended June 30, 2023 were comprised of $2.1 billion and $0.3 billion of net long-term and short-term outflows, respectively.

•

AUM at June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $161.6 billion and $154.9 billion, respectively. We generated $5.8 billion in gross flows and $2.4 billion in net outflows for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $9.3 billion in gross flows and $0.7 million in net outflows for the same period in 2022. Net flows for the three months ended June 30, 2023 were comprised of $2.1 billion and $0.3 billion of net long-term and short-term outflows, respectively.

•

AUM at June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $161.6 billion and $154.9 billion, respectively. We generated $11.9 billion in gross flows and $3.7 billion in net outflows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $20.5 billion in gross flows and $2.3 billion in net inflows for the same period in 2022. Net flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 were comprised of $3.3 billion and $0.3 billion of net long-term and short-term outflows, respectively.

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Investment performance:

•

42 of our Victory Capital mutual funds and ETFs had overall Morningstar ratings of four or five stars and 65% of our fund and ETF AUM were rated four or five stars overall by Morningstar. 63% of our strategies by AUM had investment returns in excess of their respective benchmarks over a one-year period, 72% over a three-year period, 79% over a five-year period and 77% over a ten-year period. On an equal-weighted basis, 54% of our strategies have outperformed their benchmarks over a one-year period, 69% over a three-year period, 62% over a five-year period and 66% over a ten-year period.

Financial highlights:

•

Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was $204.2 million compared to $216.0 million for the same period in 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, total revenue was $405.5 million and $446.0 million, respectively.

•

Net income was $56.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $79.2 million for the same period in 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, net income was $105.9 million and $150.5 million, respectively.

•

Adjusted EBITDA was $104.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, or 50.9% of revenue, compared to $106.2 million, or 49.2% of revenue, for the same period in 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, Adjusted EBITDA was $203.2 million, or 50.1% of revenue, compared to $220.6 million, or 49.5% of revenue, for the same period in 2022. Refer to “Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information” for further information about the Adjusted EBITDA calculation and reconciliation of generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) net income to Adjusted EBITDA.

•

Adjusted Net Income with tax benefit was $75.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $80.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, Adjusted Net Income with tax benefit was $151.1 million compared to $171.1 million for the same period in 2022. Refer to “Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information” for further information about the Adjusted Net Income calculation and reconciliation of GAAP net income to Adjusted Net Income.

Key Performance Indicators

The following table is a summary of key performance indicators utilized by management to assess results of operations:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions, except for basis points and percentages)	2023			2022			2023			2022
AUM at period end	$	161,622		$	154,947		$	161,622		$	154,947
Average AUM		157,372			165,703			157,595			171,283
Gross flows		5,822			9,321			11,911			20,457
Net short-term flows		(316	)		(53	)		(325	)		(106	)
Net long-term flows		(2,106	)		(630	)		(3,342	)		2,413
Net flows		(2,422	)		(683	)		(3,667	)		2,307
Total revenue		204.2			216.0			405.5			446.0
Revenue on average AUM	52.1 bps			52.3 bps			51.9 bps			52.5 bps
Net income		56.7			79.2			105.9			150.5
Adjusted EBITDA(1)		104.0			106.2			203.2			220.6
Adjusted EBITDA Margin(2)		50.9	%		49.2	%		50.1	%		49.5	%
Adjusted Net Income(1)		66.4			71.4			132.1			152.5
Tax benefit of goodwill and acquired intangibles(3)		9.5			9.3			19.1			18.6

(1) Management utilizes Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income to measure the operating profitability of the business. These measures eliminate the impact of one‑time acquisition, restructuring and integration costs and demonstrate the ongoing operating earnings metrics of the business. These measures are explained in more detail and reconciled to net income calculated in accordance with GAAP in “Supplemental Non‑GAAP Financial Information.”

(2) Adjusted EBITDA margin represents Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue.

(3) Represents the tax benefits associated with deductions allowed for intangibles and goodwill generated from prior acquisitions in which we received a step-up in basis for tax purposes. Acquired intangible assets and goodwill may be amortized for tax purposes, generally over a 15-year period. The tax benefit from amortization on these assets is included to show the full economic benefit of deductions for all acquired intangibles with a step-up in tax basis. Due to our acquisitive nature, tax deductions allowed on acquired intangible assets and goodwill provide us with a significant supplemental economic benefit.

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Assets Under Management

Our profitability is largely affected by the level and composition of our AUM (including asset class and distribution channel) and the effective fee rates on our products. The amount and composition of our AUM are, and will continue to be, influenced by a number of factors, including; (i) investment performance, including fluctuations in the financial markets and the quality of our investment decisions; (ii) client flows into and out of our various strategies and investment vehicles; (iii) industry trends toward products or strategies that we either do or do not offer; (iv) our ability to attract and retain high quality investment, distribution, marketing and management personnel; (v) our decision to close strategies or limit growth of assets in a strategy when we believe it is in the best interest of our clients or conversely to re‑open strategies in part or entirely; and (vi) general investor sentiment and confidence. Our goal is to establish and maintain a client base that is diversified by Franchise and Solutions, asset class, distribution channel and vehicle. Due to rounding, AUM numbers presented in the tables below may not add up precisely to the totals provided.

The following table presents our AUM by asset class as of the dates indicated:


	As of
	June 30,
(in millions)	2023		2022
Solutions	$	55,836	$	50,485
Fixed Income		26,098		29,398
U.S. Mid Cap Equity		30,007		26,356
U.S. Small Cap Equity		15,664		14,837
Global / Non-U.S. Equity		15,392		13,257
U.S. Large Cap Equity		12,170		11,857
Alternative Investments		3,301		5,617
Total Long-Term Assets		158,469		151,807
Money Market & Short-Term Assets		3,152		3,140
Total	$	161,622	$	154,947

The following tables summarize our asset flows by asset class for the periods indicated:



	U.S. Mid			U.S. Small						U.S. Large			Global /												Money
	Cap			Cap			Fixed			Cap			Non-U.S.						Alternative			Total			Market /
(in millions)	Equity			Equity			Income			Equity			Equity			Solutions			Investments			Long-term			Short-term			Total
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Beginning AUM	$	29,035		$	15,648		$	26,535		$	11,425		$	14,868		$	54,416		$	3,317		$	155,244		$	3,377		$	158,621
Gross client cash inflows		1,259			743			873			87			559			1,622			449			5,591			231			5,822
Gross client cash outflows		(1,126	)		(1,128	)		(1,324	)		(290	)		(585	)		(2,834	)		(408	)		(7,697	)		(547	)		(8,244	)
Net client cash flows		132			(386	)		(451	)		(204	)		(26	)		(1,212	)		41			(2,106	)		(316	)		(2,422	)
Market appreciation / (depreciation)		824			404			48			954			575			2,682			12			5,499			38			5,537
Realizations and distributions		—			—			—			—			—			—			(73	)		(73	)		—			(73	)
Net transfers		16			(2	)		(34	)		(4	)		(25	)		(49	)		4			(94	)		53			(41	)
Ending AUM	$	30,007		$	15,664		$	26,098		$	12,170		$	15,392		$	55,836		$	3,301		$	158,469		$	3,152		$	161,622
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Beginning AUM	$	30,543		$	18,489		$	33,071		$	14,548		$	15,654		$	58,656		$	4,025		$	174,985		$	3,113		$	178,098
Gross client cash inflows		1,476			701			1,455			126			1,140			2,249			2,051			9,198			123			9,321
Gross client cash outflows		(1,649	)		(1,791	)		(2,743	)		(396	)		(1,090	)		(1,761	)		(397	)		(9,828	)		(177	)		(10,005	)
Net client cash flows		(174	)		(1,090	)		(1,288	)		(270	)		50			488			1,654			(630	)		(53	)		(683	)
Market appreciation / (depreciation)		(4,011	)		(2,558	)		(1,575	)		(2,365	)		(2,437	)		(8,652	)		(70	)		(21,669	)		(2	)		(21,670	)
Realizations and distributions		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Net transfers		(2	)		(4	)		(809	)		(56	)		(10	)		(7	)		9			(879	)		82			(797	)
Ending AUM	$	26,356		$	14,837		$	29,398		$	11,857		$	13,257		$	50,485		$	5,617		$	151,807		$	3,140		$	154,947

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				U.S.						U.S.
	U.S. Mid			Small						Large			Global /												Money
	Cap			Cap			Fixed			Cap			Non-U.S.						Alternative			Total			Market /
(in millions)	Equity			Equity			Income			Equity			Equity			Solutions			Investments			Long-term			Short-term			Total
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Beginning AUM	$	27,892		$	15,103		$	26,353		$	10,973		$	14,160		$	51,507		$	3,663		$	149,649		$	3,302		$	152,952
Gross client cash inflows		2,858			1,728			2,060			170			937			2,839			846			11,439			472			11,911
Gross client cash outflows		(2,219	)		(2,001	)		(2,896	)		(675	)		(1,129	)		(4,612	)		(1,248	)		(14,780	)		(797	)		(15,577	)
Net client cash flows		640			(273	)		(836	)		(504	)		(192	)		(1,774	)		(403	)		(3,341	)		(325	)		(3,667	)
Market appreciation / (depreciation)		1,461			827			663			1,775			1,495			6,048			108			12,379			72			12,451
Realizations and distributions		—			—			—			—			—			—			(73	)		(73	)		—			(73	)
Net transfers		15			7			(82	)		(74	)		(71	)		55			6			(144	)		103			(42	)
Ending AUM	$	30,007		$	15,664		$	26,098		$	12,170		$	15,392		$	55,836		$	3,301		$	158,469		$	3,152		$	161,622
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Beginning AUM	$	30,578		$	20,094		$	35,154		$	15,766		$	16,050		$	60,364		$	2,548		$	180,554		$	3,100		$	183,654
Gross client cash inflows		3,909			1,819			3,060			251			2,382			5,051			3,739			20,210			247			20,457
Gross client cash outflows		(3,484	)		(3,143	)		(4,893	)		(779	)		(1,708	)		(3,236	)		(554	)		(17,797	)		(353	)		(18,150	)
Net client cash flows		425			(1,325	)		(1,833	)		(528	)		673			1,815			3,185			2,413			(106	)		2,307
Market appreciation / (depreciation)		(4,666	)		(3,939	)		(3,116	)		(3,449	)		(3,533	)		(11,122	)		(98	)		(29,923	)		3			(29,921	)
Realizations and distributions		—			—			—			—			—			—			(30	)		(30	)		—			(30	)
Net transfers		19			7			(806	)		68			67			(572	)		12			(1,206	)		143			(1,064	)
Ending AUM	$	26,356		$	14,837		$	29,398		$	11,857		$	13,257		$	50,485		$	5,617		$	151,807		$	3,140		$	154,947

The following table presents our AUM by distribution channel as of the dates indicated:


	As of June 30,
	2023					2022
(in millions)	Amount		% of total			Amount		% of total
Investor	$	56,324		35	%	$	54,494		35	%
Institutional		44,949		28	%		45,284		29	%
Retail		60,348		37	%		55,169		36	%
Total AUM(1)	$	161,622		100	%	$	154,947		100	%

(1) The allocation of AUM by distribution channel involves the use of estimates and the exercise of judgment.

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The following tables summarize our asset flows by vehicle for the periods indicated:


							Separate
							Accounts and
							Other Pooled
(in millions)	Mutual Funds (1)			ETFs (2)			Vehicles (3)			Total
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Beginning AUM	$	103,246		$	5,555		$	49,819		$	158,621
Gross client cash inflows		3,639			175			2,008			5,822
Gross client cash outflows		(4,863	)		(421	)		(2,960	)		(8,244	)
Net client cash flows		(1,224	)		(246	)		(952	)		(2,422	)
Market appreciation (depreciation)		3,923			(117	)		1,731			5,537
Realizations and distributions		—			—			(73	)		(73	)
Net transfers		(28	)		—			(13	)		(41	)
Ending AUM	$	105,916		$	5,193		$	50,513		$	161,622
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Beginning AUM	$	118,119		$	5,246		$	54,733		$	178,098
Gross client cash inflows		6,114			608			2,600			9,321
Gross client cash outflows		(7,678	)		(130	)		(2,196	)		(10,005	)
Net client cash flows		(1,565	)		478			404			(683	)
Market appreciation (depreciation)		(13,457	)		(568	)		(7,645	)		(21,670	)
Realizations and distributions		—			—			—			—
Net transfers		(800	)		—			2			(797	)
Ending AUM	$	102,297		$	5,155		$	47,494		$	154,947


							Separate
							Accounts and
							Other Pooled
(in millions)	Mutual Funds (1)			ETFs (2)			Vehicles (3)			Total
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Beginning AUM	$	99,447		$	5,627		$	47,877		$	152,952
Gross client cash inflows		8,185			393			3,333			11,911
Gross client cash outflows		(10,269	)		(655	)		(4,654	)		(15,577	)
Net client cash flows		(2,084	)		(262	)		(1,321	)		(3,667	)
Market appreciation (depreciation)		8,573			(164	)		4,042			12,451
Realizations and distributions		—			—			(73	)		(73	)
Net transfers		(19	)		(9	)		(13	)		(42	)
Ending AUM	$	105,916		$	5,193		$	50,513		$	161,622
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Beginning AUM	$	124,142		$	4,871		$	54,641		$	183,654
Gross client cash inflows		12,704			1,151			6,603			20,457
Gross client cash outflows		(14,061	)		(199	)		(3,890	)		(18,150	)
Net client cash flows		(1,357	)		952			2,712			2,307
Market appreciation (depreciation)		(19,421	)		(667	)		(9,832	)		(29,921	)
Realizations and distributions		—			—			(30	)		(30	)
Net transfers		(1,066	)		—			2			(1,064	)
Ending AUM	$	102,297		$	5,155		$	47,494		$	154,947

(1) Includes institutional and retail share classes, money market and Variable Insurance Products or VIP funds.

(2) Represents only ETF assets held by third parties. Excludes ETF assets held by other Victory Capital products.

(3) Includes collective trust funds, wrap program accounts, UMAs, UCITS, private funds and non-U.S. domiciled pooled vehicles.

June 30, 2023 AUM compared to March 31, 2023 AUM. At June 30, 2023, our total AUM was $161.6 billion, an increase of $3.0 billion, or 1.9%, from $158.6 billion at March 31, 2023, primarily driven by positive market action of $5.5 billion partially offset by net outflows of $2.4 billion.

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Net outflows were driven by our Solutions platform, fixed income strategies, U.S. small cap and U.S. large cap equity strategies of $1.2 billion, $0.5 billion, $0.4 billion and $0.2 billion, respectively.

June 30, 2023 AUM compared to December 31, 2022 AUM. Total AUM increased by $8.7 billion, or 5.7%, to $161.6 billion at June 30, 2023 compared to $153.0 billion at December 31, 2022. The increase in AUM was due to positive market action of $12.5 billion partially offset by net outflows of $3.7 billion.

Net outflows were driven by our Solutions platform, fixed income strategies, U.S. large cap, U.S. small cap equity strategies and our Alternative investments platform of $1.8 billion, $0.8 billion, $0.5 billion, $0.3 billion and $0.4 billion, respectively, partially offset by inflows of $0.6 billion in our U.S. mid cap equity strategies.

GAAP Results of Operations

The following table presents our GAAP results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2023			2022			2023			2022
Revenue
Investment management fees	$	159,410		$	168,129		$	316,246		$	347,594
Fund administration and distribution fees		44,816			47,877			89,300			98,431
Total revenue		204,226			216,006			405,546			446,025

Expenses
Personnel compensation and benefits		54,940			57,582			112,542			122,483
Distribution and other asset-based expenses		37,344			40,868			74,998			84,452
General and administrative		13,250			13,921			25,638			26,683
Depreciation and amortization		9,650			10,758			21,330			21,365
Change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business		1,500			(26,600	)		8,900			(30,100	)
Acquisition-related costs		16			143			18			260
Restructuring and integration costs		—			8			29			17
Total operating expenses		116,700			96,680			243,455			225,160

Income from operations		87,526			119,326			162,091			220,865

Other income (expense)
Interest income and other (expense) income		1,971			(3,443	)		3,515			(3,650	)
Interest expense and other financing costs		(14,902	)		(9,925	)		(29,141	)		(19,158	)
Loss on debt extinguishment		—			(963	)		—			(2,518	)
Total other expense, net		(12,931	)		(14,331	)		(25,626	)		(25,326	)

Income before income taxes		74,595			104,995			136,465			195,539

Income tax expense		(17,924	)		(25,790	)		(30,521	)		(45,061	)

Net income	$	56,671		$	79,205		$	105,944		$	150,478

Earnings per share of common stock
Basic	$	0.85		$	1.16		$	1.58		$	2.19
Diluted	$	0.83		$	1.09		$	1.53		$	2.05

Weighted average number of shares outstanding
Basic		66,466			68,521			66,874			68,633
Diluted		68,500			72,867			69,037			73,265

Dividends declared per share of common stock	$	0.32		$	0.25		$	0.64		$	0.50

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Investment Management Fees

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Investment management fees decreased 5.2%, or $8.7 million, to $159.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 from $168.1 million for the same period in 2022 due to a decrease in average AUM over the comparable period.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Investment management fees decreased by $31.3 million, or 9.0%, to $316.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 from $347.6 million for the same period in 2022 due to the same factors as discussed above in the quarterly section.

Fund Administration and Distribution Fees

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Fund administration and distribution fees decreased by $3.1 million, or 6.4%, to $44.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $47.9 million for the same period in 2022 due primarily to lower mutual fund average net assets.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Fund administration and distribution fees decreased $9.1 million, or 9.3%, to $89.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 from $98.4 million for the same period in 2022 due to the same factors as discussed above in the quarterly section.

Personnel Compensation and Benefits

The following table presents the components of GAAP personnel compensation and benefits expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Salaries, payroll related taxes and employee benefits	$	22,848	$	18,949	$	47,305	$	42,661
Incentive compensation		21,315		23,368		43,234		49,511
Sales-based compensation(1)		5,102		7,886		10,522		16,457
Equity awards granted to employees and directors(2)		4,241		4,965		8,494		8,910
Acquisition and transaction-related compensation		1,434		2,414		2,987		4,944
Total personnel compensation and benefits expense	$	54,940	$	57,582	$	112,542	$	122,483

(1) Represents sales-based commissions paid to our distribution teams. Sales-based compensation varies based on gross client cash flows and revenue earned on sales.

(2) Equity awards typically vest over several years based on service and the achievement of specific business and financial targets. The value of the equity awards is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period.

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Personnel compensation and benefits were $54.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $2.6 million, or 4.6%, from $57.6 million for the same period in 2022 due to a decrease in variable costs such as incentive compensation and sales-based compensation. Incentive compensation and equity awards granted to employees and directors were $21.3 million and $4.2 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $23.4 million and $5.0 million, respectively, for the same period in 2022. Salaries, payroll related taxes and employee benefits were $22.8 million and $18.9 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Personnel compensation and benefits decreased by $9.9 million, or 8.1%, to $112.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 from $122.5 million for the same period in 2022 due to a decrease in variable costs such as incentive and sales-based compensation. Salaries, payroll related taxes and employee benefits were $47.3 million and $42.7 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. Incentive compensation and equity awards granted to employees and directors were $43.2 million and $8.5 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $49.5 million and $8.9 million, respectively, for the same period in 2022.

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Distribution and Other Asset‑Based Expenses

The following table presents the components of distribution and other asset-based expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Broker-dealer distribution fees	$	5,065	$	5,716	$	10,314	$	11,881
Platform distribution fees		23,067		24,844		46,190		51,461
Sub-administration		3,947		4,064		7,868		8,290
Sub-advisory		2,692		3,627		5,427		7,512
Middle-office		2,573		2,617		5,199		5,308
Total distribution and other asset-based expenses	$	37,344	$	40,868	$	74,998	$	84,452

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Distribution and other asset-based expenses are primarily based on AUM. For the three months ended June 30, 2023, distribution and other asset-based expenses were $37.3 million, a decrease of $3.5 million, or 8.6%, from $40.9 million for the same period in 2022. The decrease is primarily due to a decrease in average AUM over the comparable period.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Distribution and other asset-based expenses were $75.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $9.5 million, or 11.2%, from $84.5 million for the same period in 2022 primarily due to a decrease in average AUM over the comparable period.

General and Administrative

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. General and administrative expenses were $13.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $13.9 million for the same period in 2022. The decrease of $0.7 million, or 4.8%, was primarily due to a decrease in professional fees and technology-related expenses.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, general and administrative expenses were $25.6 million and $26.7 million, respectively, for a year over year decrease of $1.0 million, or 3.9%. The decrease was due to the same factors as discussed above in the quarterly section.

Depreciation and Amortization

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Depreciation and amortization decreased by $1.1 million, or 10.3%, to $9.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 from $10.8 million for the same period in 2022, primarily due to a decrease in amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets in connection with the USAA acquisition.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Depreciation and amortization was $21.3 million and $21.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Change in Value of Consideration Payable for Acquisition of Business

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. The change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business increased $28.1 million primarily due to a $0.2 million decrease in the fair value of contingent consideration associated with the WestEnd Acquisition for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a decrease of $17.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Also contributing was a $1.7 million increase in the fair value of contingent consideration associated with the USAA AMCO Acquisition for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a decrease of $9.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Refer to Note 4, Acquisitions, for further details on the fair value of contingent consideration payable.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. The change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business increased $39.0 million as a result of increases of $6.0 million and $2.9 million in the fair value of the contingent consideration associated with the USAA AMCO and WestEnd Acquisitions, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to decreases of $11.8 million and $18.3 million associated with the USAA AMCO and WestEnd Acquisitions for the six months ended June 30, 2022. Refer to Note 4, Acquisitions, for further details on the fair value of contingent consideration payable.

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Restructuring and Integration Costs

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. There were no restructuring and integration costs for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $8 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2022.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Restructuring and integration costs were $29 thousand and $17 thousand, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

Interest Income and Other Income (Expense)

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Interest income and other income/(expense) was income of $2.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to expense of $3.4 million for the same period in 2022. The income was primarily due to an increase in the net unrealized fair value of deferred compensation plan investments for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a reduction in the net unrealized fair value of deferred compensation plan investments for the same period in 2022.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, interest income and other income/(expense) was income of $3.5 million and expense of $3.7 million, respectively. The income was primarily due to an increase in the net unrealized fair value of deferred compensation plan investments for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a reduction in the net unrealized fair value of deferred compensation plan investments for the same period in 2022.

Interest Expense and Other Financing Costs

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. Interest expense and other financing costs increased $5.0 million to $14.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $9.9 million for the same period in 2022 due a higher average interest rate, partially offset by a lower debt principal balance over the comparable period.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, interest expense and other financing costs were $29.1 million and $19.2 million, respectively. The year-over-year increase is primarily due to the same factors as discussed above in the quarterly section.

Loss on Debt Extinguishment

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. The Company had no losses on debt extinguishment for the three months ended June 30, 2023. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, loss on debt extinguishment was $1.0 million. Refer to Note 9, Debt, for further details on the 2019 Credit Agreement.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. The Company had no losses on debt extinguishment for the six months ended June 30, 2023. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, loss on debt extinguishment was $2.5 million. Refer to Note 9, Debt, for further details on the 2019 Credit Agreement.

Income Tax Expense

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was 24.0% and 24.6%, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate in 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 was due mainly to changes in non-deductible expenses.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the effective tax rate was 22.4% and 23.0%, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was due primarily to higher excess tax benefits on share-based compensation in 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. Refer to Note 8, Income Taxes, for further details on our income taxes.

Supplemental Non‑GAAP Financial Information

We use non-GAAP performance measures to evaluate the underlying operations of our business. Due to our acquisitive nature, there are a number of acquisition and restructuring related expenses included in GAAP measures that we believe distort the economic value of our organization and we believe that many investors use this information when assessing the financial performance of companies in the investment management industry. We have included these non-GAAP measures to provide investors with the same financial metrics used by management to assess the operating performance of our Company. The non-GAAP measures we report are Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income.

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The following table sets forth a reconciliation from GAAP financial measures to non-GAAP measures for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023			2022			2023			2022
Reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures:
Net income (GAAP)	$	56,671		$	79,205		$	105,944		$	150,478
Income tax expense		(17,924	)		(25,790	)		(30,521	)		(45,061	)
Income before income taxes		74,595			104,995			136,465			195,539
Interest expense(1)		14,146			9,499			27,628			18,223
Depreciation(2)		2,296			2,102			4,267			4,056
Other business taxes(3)		382			541			766			1,131
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets(4)		7,353			8,656			17,062			17,312
Stock-based compensation(5)		1,538			2,860			3,542			5,493
Acquisition, restructuring and exit costs(6)		2,949			(24,033	)		11,933			(24,877	)
Debt issuance costs(7)		756			1,560			1,504			3,621
Earnings/losses from equity method investments(8)		—			9			—			66
Adjusted EBITDA	$	104,015		$	106,189		$	203,167		$	220,564


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023			2022			2023			2022
Reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures:
Net income (GAAP)	$	56,671		$	79,205		$	105,944		$	150,478
Adjustments to reflect the operating performance of the Company:
i. Other business taxes(3)		382			541			766			1,131
ii. Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets(4)		7,353			8,656			17,062			17,312
iii. Stock-based compensation(5)		1,538			2,860			3,542			5,493
iv. Acquisition, restructuring and exit costs(6)		2,949			(24,033	)		11,933			(24,877	)
v. Debt issuance costs(7)		756			1,560			1,504			3,621
Tax effect of above adjustments(9)		(3,244	)		2,604			(8,701	)		(670	)
Adjusted Net Income	$	66,405		$	71,393		$	132,050		$	152,488
Tax benefit of goodwill and acquired intangibles(10)	$	9,537		$	9,327		$	19,061		$	18,649

Adjustments made to GAAP Net Income to calculate Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income, as applicable, are:

(1) Adding back interest paid on debt and other financing costs, net of interest income.

(2) Adding back depreciation on property and equipment.

(3) Adding back other business taxes.

(4) Adding back amortization expense on acquisition‑related intangible assets.

(5) Adding back stock‑based compensation associated with equity awards issued from pools created in connection with the management‑led buyout and various acquisitions and as a result of equity grants related to the IPO.

(6) Adding back direct incremental costs of acquisitions, including restructuring costs.


	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022			2023		2022
Acquisition-related costs	$	16	$	143		$	18	$	260
Restructuring and integration costs		—		8			29		17
Change in value of consideration payable for acquisition of business		1,500		(26,600	)		8,900		(30,100	)
Personnel compensation and benefits		1,433		2,416			2,986		4,946
Total acquisition, restructuring and exit costs	$	2,949	$	(24,033	)	$	11,933	$	(24,877	)

(7) Adding back debt issuance costs.

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(8) We adjust for losses (earnings) on equity method investments.

(9) Subtracting an estimate of income tax expense applied to the sum of the adjustments above.

(10) Represents the tax benefits associated with deductions allowed for intangible assets and goodwill generated from prior acquisitions in which we received a step-up in basis for tax purposes. Acquired intangible assets and goodwill may be amortized for tax purposes, generally over a 15-year period. The tax benefit from amortization on these assets is included to show the full economic benefit of deductions for all acquired intangible assets with a step-up in tax basis. Due to our acquisitive nature, tax deductions allowed on acquired intangible assets and goodwill provide us with a significant supplemental economic benefit.

Non-GAAP measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our non-GAAP measures may differ from similar measures at other companies, even if similar terms are used to identify these measures.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary uses of cash relate to repayment of our debt obligations, funding of acquisitions and working capital needs, repurchasing of shares and payment of dividends, which are all expected to be met through cash generated from our operations and available capital resources.

The following table shows our liquidity position as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


	June 30,			December 31,
(in thousands)	2023			2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,780		$	38,171
Accounts and other receivables		92,964			84,473
Undrawn commitment on revolving credit facility (1)		100,000			100,000
Accounts and other payables		(103,615	)		(109,320	)

(1) The balances at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 represent the Company’s $99.9 million revolving credit facility and a $0.1 million standby letter of credit used as collateral for THB’s real estate location.

We manage our cash balances in order to fund our day-to-day operations. Our accounts receivable consists primarily of investment management fees that have been earned but not yet received from clients, income and other taxes receivable, and amounts receivable from the funds. We perform a review of our receivables on a monthly basis to assess collectability. We maintained a $100.0 million revolving credit facility at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (under the 2019 Credit Agreement) which had approximately $100.0 million undrawn as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

2021 Debt Repricing

On February 18, 2021, the Company entered into the Second Amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the 2019 Credit Agreement with the other loan parties thereto, Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent, and the Royal Bank of Canada as fronting bank. Pursuant to the Second Amendment, the Company repriced the existing term loans with replacement term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $755.7 million (the “Repriced Term Loans”). The Repriced Term Loans have substantially the same terms as the previously existing term loans, including the same maturity date of July 2026, except that the Repriced Term Loans provided for a reduced applicable margin on LIBOR of 25 basis points. After the Second Amendment, the applicable margin on LIBOR under the Repriced Term Loans was 2.25%.

2021 Incremental Term Loans

On December 31, 2021, the Company entered into the Third Amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the 2019 Credit Agreement with the guarantors party thereto, Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto from time to time. Pursuant to the Third Amendment, the Company obtained incremental term loans (the “2021 Incremental Term Loans”) in an aggregate principal amount of $505.0 million and used the proceeds to fund the WestEnd Acquisition and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection therewith. The 2021 Incremental Term Loans mature in December 2028 and bear interest at an annual rate equal to, at the option of the Company, either LIBOR (adjusted for reserves and subject to a 50 basis point floor) plus a margin of 2.25% or an alternate base rate plus a margin of 1.25%.

Original issue discount was $2.5 million for the 2021 Incremental Term Loans. The Company incurred a total of $9.1 million of other third party costs related to the 2021 Incremental Term Loans, which were recorded as term loan debt issuance costs.

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2022 LIBOR to Term SOFR Rate Transition

On September 23, 2022, the Company entered into the Fourth Amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the 2019 Credit Agreement to change the interest rate on the Repriced Term Loans and 2021 Incremental Term Loans from LIBOR to a rate based on SOFR plus a ten-basis point credit spread adjustment. There was no change to the applicable margin on the referenced rate as a result of the Fourth Amendment.

The LIBOR rate loans outstanding as of the Fourth Amendment’s effective date continued as LIBOR rate loans until the end of their then current interest periods. The 2021 Incremental Term Loans converted into Term SOFR loans on September 30, 2022, while the Repriced Term Loans converted into Term SOFR loans on October 6, 2022. Also on October 6, 2022, the interest periods for the Repriced Term Loans and 2021 Incremental Term Loans were aligned and the three-month Term SOFR rate was elected for all the Company’s term loans.

2020 Swap Transaction

On March 27, 2020, the Company executed a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap transaction (“Swap”) to effectively fix the interest rate at 3.465% on $450 million of its outstanding Term Loan through the Term Loan maturity date of July 2026. Pursuant to the Second Amendment, the Company lowered the spread on the Term Loan by 0.25% resulting in a new fixed rate of 3.215% on the $450 million of Term Loan subject to the Swap. On September 26, 2022, the Company and the Swap counterparty executed an amendment to the Swap (“the Swap Amendment”) to update LIBOR conventions to SOFR conventions and to modify the fixed rate for the change from three-month LIBOR to three-month Term SOFR effective on October 6, 2022. There was no change to the $450 million notional value, the July 1, 2026 expiration date, the quarterly payment frequency or the designated three-month maturity from the Swap Amendment. The interest rate effectively fixed by the Swap on $450 million of the Company’s outstanding term loan debt through July 1, 2026 changed from 3.215% to 3.149% as a result of the Swap Amendment.

At June 30, 2023, the $450 million notional value Swap had a fair value of $45.4 million, which was included in other assets on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized income, net of tax, of $3.9 million and a loss, net of tax, of $1.2 million, respectively, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company reclassified income of $4.7 million and $8.9 million, respectively, from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense and other financing costs on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Refer to Note 14, Derivatives, for further information on the Swap.

Contingent Consideration

At June 30, 2023, the Company had $239.3 million in contingent consideration that is estimated to be payable over the next year and three years resulting from the USAA AMCO and WestEnd Acquisitions, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded an increases of $1.7 million and $6.0 million, respectively, in contingent payment liabilities associated with the USAA AMCO Acquisition and a decrease of $0.2 million and an increase of $2.9 million, respectively, in contingent payment liabilities associated WestEnd Acquisition, which is included in consideration payable for acquisition of business in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

At June 30, 2023, the estimated fair value of the USAA AMCO Acquisition payment was $33.7 million, and a maximum of $37.5 million in contingent consideration ($37.5 million for the remaining year of the earn out period) is potentially payable to sellers. At June 30, 2023, the estimated fair value of the WestEnd Acquisition contingent payments was $205.6 million, and a maximum of $320.0 million in contingent consideration ($80.0 million per year) is potentially payable to sellers.

There were no other significant changes to our contractual obligations as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Capital Requirements

Victory Capital Services is a registered broker-dealer subject to the Uniform Net Capital requirements under the Exchange Act, which requires maintenance of certain minimum net capital levels. In addition, we have certain non-U.S. subsidiaries that have minimum capital requirements. As a result, such subsidiaries of our Company may be restricted in their ability to transfer cash to their parents.

Cash Flows

The following table is derived from our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

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	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2023			2022
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	141,562		$	165,055
Net cash used in investing activities		(3,922	)		(7,152	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(132,034	)		(184,585	)

Operating Activities – Cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $141.6 million, compared to $165.1 million of cash provided by operating activities for the same period in 2022. The $23.5 million decrease in cash provided by operating activities is due to a $44.5 million decrease in net income partially offset by a $25.6 million increase in non-cash items.

Cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $165.1 million and comprised of $150.5 million and $28.5 million of cash provided by net income and non-cash items, partially offset by $13.9 million in working capital source of cash.

Investing Activities – Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $3.9 million and consisted of primarily of property and equipment purchases of $2.6 million and $1.4 million of net trading activity.

Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $7.2 million and consisted of primarily of property and equipment purchases of $2.9 million, $1.9 million of net trading activity and $1.5 million for an equity investment.

Financing Activities – Cash used in financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $132.0 million and was mostly attributable to repurchases of common stock, payment of dividends, and net activity related to stock-based equity awards of $79.9 million, $43.6 million, and $8.5 million, respectively.

Cash used in financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $184.6 million and was mostly attributable to repayment of long-term debt under the 2019 Credit Agreement, repurchases of common stock, payment of dividends, and net activity related to stock-based equity awards of $115.0 million, $29.4 million, $34.7 million, and $5.5 million, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements and the notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require the use of estimates. Actual results will vary from these estimates. A discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates is included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. A complete description of our significant accounting policies is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market Risk – Substantially all of our revenues are derived from investment management, fund administration and distribution fees, which are primarily based on the market value of our AUM. Accordingly, our revenues and net income may decline as a result of our AUM decreasing due to depreciation of our investment portfolios. In addition, such depreciation could cause our clients to withdraw their assets in favor of other investment alternatives that they perceive to offer higher returns or lower risk, which could cause our revenues and net income to decline further.

The value of our AUM was approximately $162 billion at June 30, 2023. A 10% increase or decrease in the value of our AUM, if proportionately distributed over all of our strategies, products and client relationships, would cause an annualized increase or decrease in our revenues of approximately $84.2 million at our weighted-average fee rate of 52 basis points for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. Because of declining fee rates from larger relationships and differences in our fee rates across investment strategies, a change in the composition of our AUM, in particular, an increase in the proportion of our total AUM attributable to strategies, clients or relationships with lower effective fee rates, could have a material negative impact on our overall weighted-average fee rate. The same 10% increase or decrease in the value of our total AUM, if attributed entirely to a proportionate increase or decrease in the AUM of the Victory Funds, to which we provide a range of services in addition to those provided to institutional separate accounts, would cause an annualized increase or decrease in our revenues of approximately $98.8 million at the Victory Funds’ aggregate weighted-average fee rate of 61 basis points for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. If the same 10% increase or decrease in the value of our total AUM was attributable entirely to a proportionate increase or decrease in the assets of our institutional separate accounts, it would cause an annualized increase or decrease in our revenues of approximately $53.5 million at the weighted-average fee rate across all of our institutional separate accounts of 33 basis points for the quarter ended June 30, 2023.

As is customary in the investment management industry, clients invest in particular strategies to gain exposure to certain asset classes, which exposes their investment to the benefits and risks of those asset classes. We believe our clients invest in each of our strategies in order to gain exposure to the portfolio securities of the respective strategies and may implement their own risk management program or procedures. We have not adopted a corporate‑level risk management policy regarding client assets, nor have we attempted to hedge at the corporate level or within individual strategies the market risks that would affect the value of our overall AUM and related revenues. Some of these risks, such as sector and currency risks, are inherent in certain strategies, and clients may invest in particular strategies to gain exposure to particular risks. While negative returns in our strategies and net client cash outflows do not directly reduce the assets on our balance sheet (because the assets we manage are owned by our clients, not us), any reduction in the value of our AUM would result in a reduction in our revenues.

Exchange Rate Risk – A portion of the accounts that we advise hold investments that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. To the extent our AUM is denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, the value of that AUM will decrease with an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar, or increase with a decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar. Each investment team monitors its own exposure to exchange rate risk and makes decisions on how to manage that risk in the portfolios they manage. We believe many of our clients invest in those strategies in order to gain exposure to non‑U.S. currencies, or may implement their own hedging programs. As a result, we generally do not hedge an investment portfolio’s exposure to non‑U.S. currency.

We have not adopted a corporate-level risk management policy to manage this exchange rate risk. Assuming 10% of our AUM are invested in securities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar and excluding the impact of any hedging arrangement, a 10% increase or decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar would decrease or increase the fair value of our AUM by approximately $1.6 billion, which would cause an annualized increase or decrease in revenues of approximately $8.3 million at our weighted-average fee rate for the business of 52 basis points for the quarter ended June 30, 2023.

Interest Rate Risk – Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. On March 27, 2020, the Company executed the Swap, a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap transaction, to effectively fix the interest rate at 3.465% on $450 million of its outstanding Original Term Loan through the Original Term Loan maturity date of July 2026. On September 26, 2022, the Company and the Swap counterparty executed an amendment to the Swap to update LIBOR conventions to SOFR conventions and to modify the fixed rate for the change from three-month LIBOR to three-month Term SOFR effective on October 6, 2022. There was no change to the $450 million notional value, the July 1, 2026 expiration date, the quarterly payment frequency or the designated three-month maturity from the Swap Amendment. The interest rate effectively fixed by the Swap on $450 million of the Company’s outstanding term loan debt through July 1, 2026 changed from 3.22% to 3.15% as a result of the Swap Amendment. Refer to Note 14, Derivatives, for further information on the Swap. At June 30, 2023, we were exposed to interest rate risk as a result of the unhedged amounts outstanding under the 2019 Credit Agreement, as amended. Refer to Note 9, Debt, for a description of the amounts outstanding as of such date and the applicable interest rate.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) at June 30, 2023. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended June 30, 2023, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 as filed with the SEC and the information contained in this report. The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividends may change at any time. In making decisions regarding our quarterly dividends, we consider general economic and business conditions, our strategic plans and prospects, our businesses and investment opportunities, our financial condition and operating results, working capital requirements and anticipated cash needs, contractual restrictions (including under the terms of our 2019 Credit Agreement as amended) and legal, tax, regulatory and such other factors as we may deem relevant. There have been no material changes to the risk factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table sets out information regarding purchases of equity securities by the Company for the three months ended June 30, 2023.


							Approximate Dollar Value
	Total Number of				Total Number of Shares of		That May Yet Be Purchased
	Shares of		Average Price		Stock Purchased as Part of		Under Outstanding
	Common Stock		Paid Per Share		Publicly Announced		Plans or Programs
Period	Purchased		of Common Stock		Plans or Programs		(in millions)
April 1-30, 2023		—	$	—		—	$	95.8
May 1-31, 2023		685,001		31.38		685,001		74.4
June 1-30, 2023		694,708		33.11		694,708		51.9
Total		1,379,709	$	32.25		1,379,709

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

Item 5. Other Information

None of the Company’s directors or officers adopted, modified or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the Company’s fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023, as such terms are defined under Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX



Exhibit No.		Description
31.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002
31.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002
32.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002
32.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002
101		The following information formatted in iXBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, (ii) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, (iii) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, (iv) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, (v) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 and the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 and, (vi) Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on this 4th day of August, 2023.


VICTORY CAPITAL HOLDINGS, INC.


By:	/s/ MICHAEL D. POLICARPO
	Name:	Michael D. Policarpo
	Title:	President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer